Grammar reference

Starter Unit interrogativa respuestas breves

Pronombres sujeto afirmativa negativa

singular plural Am I at school? Yes, I am. No, I’m not.

I we Are you at school? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t.

you you Is he at school? Yes, he is. No, he isn’t.
he / she / it they Is she at school? Yes, she is. No, she isn’t.

• En inglés siempre hay que usar un pronombre sujeto Is it at school? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.
antes del verbo. Are we at school? Yes, we are. No, we aren’t.
He’s my friend. (x Is my friend) Are you at school? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t.
Él es mi amigo. Are they at school? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.
• Para la segunda persona del singular y el plural se
utiliza you. • Al hacer preguntas se invierte el orden del sujeto y el
• Se utiliza he para referirse a un niño o un hombre verbo, por lo que be se sitúa antes del sujeto.
y she a una niña o una mujer; it denota objetos o Are you from London? (x You are from London?)
animales. ¿Eres de Londres?
be: afirmativa, negativa e interrogativa Imperativo
afirmativa negativa afirmativa negativa
forma contracción forma contracción Stand up. Don’t stand up.
completa completa Open the book. Don’t open the book.
I am I’m I am not I’m not
• Se utiliza el imperativo para dar órdenes o
You are You’re You are not You aren’t
instrucciones.
He is He’s He is not He isn’t Come here, please.
She is She’s She is not She isn’t Ven aquí, por favor.
It is It’s It is not It isn’t • Se usa ‘don’t’ para expresar la forma negativa.
We are We’re We are not We aren’t Don’t write in your coursebook.
You are You’re You are not You aren’t No escribas en tu libro.
They are They’re They are not They aren’t • La forma del singular y plural es igual.
Everyone be quiet and open your books.
• Se utiliza be para nombrar o describir.
Permaneced todos en silencio y abrid vuestros
They’re red. Son rojos. libros.
He’s Spanish. Él es español.
• En inglés conversacional, se tiende a emplear formas
contraídas.
She’s ten. (x She’s got ten.)
Tiene diez años.

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Grammar practice S
be: affirmative, negative and 4 Complete the sentences with the correct form
questions of the verb be. (affirmative or negative)
1 The mouse is in the box. (✓)
1 Circle the correct words. 2 The ruler on the desk. (✗)
1 We is / are from Australia. 3 The pencils next to the pencil
2 I am / are in year 10 at school. sharpener. (✗)
3 They am / are in my English class. 4 We in the classroom. (✓)
4 Marta is / are from Andalucia. 5 The mouse behind the box. (✗)
5 Alex is / am a Barçelona fan. 6 I eighteen years old. (✗)
6 My hamster are / is brown and white. 7 You my friend. (✓)
8 He from Spain. (✗)
2 Write the sentences with contractions of the 9 She English. (✓)
verb be. 10 They on the bus. (✗)
1 I am from Seville
I’m from Seville. 5 Write questions for the sentences in
2 It is midnight. Exercise 4. Answer them with short answers.
1 Is the mouse in the box? Yes, it is.
3 They are friends. 2 ?

4 You are at school. 3 ?

5 We are happy. 4 ?

6 He is fourteen. 5 ?

7 She is Spanish. 6 ?

3 Write the sentences in the negative.
1 It‘s seven o’clock.
It isn’t seven o’clock.
2 The teacher is behind the desk.
7 ?
8 ?
9 ?

3 They’re brothers. 10 ?

4 I’m English.
Imperatives
5 They’re in my class. 6 Circle the correct words.
1 Don’t write / Write in pen in the book. It’s
6 She’s sixteen. expensive.
2 Don’t close / Close the comic. The teacher’s here.
7 He’s in the taxi. 3 Don’t read / Read this book. It’s interesting.
4 Don’t sit down / Sit down there. It’s a desk, it
8 The book is on the bookshelf. isn’t a chair!
5 Don’t stand up / Stand up during class!

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 Grammar reference
Unit 1 Partículas interrogativas
Adjetivos posesivos • Se utiliza where para formular preguntas sobre
lugares.
singular plural A: Where are the headphones?
my our B: In my bedroom.
your your A: ¿Dónde están los auriculares?
his / her / its their B: En mi habitación.
• Se utilizan los adjetivos posesivos para hablar de • Se utiliza what para pedir información sobre
pertenencia. personas y lugares.
This is my computer. Este es mi ordenador. A: What is your favourite colour?
• Para referirnos a niños y hombres se utiliza his, B: It’s blue.
mientras que her se utiliza para niñas y mujeres. A: ¿Cuál es tu color favorito?
His name is Tom. Se llama Tom. B: El azul.
Her name is Amanda. Se llama Amanda. • Se utiliza how old para preguntar sobre la edad.
• En el caso de animales y objetos, se utiliza its. How old is your dad?
My dog is black but its feet are white. ¿Cuántos años tiene tu padre?
Mi perro es negro, pero tiene los pies blancos. • Se utiliza who para hablar de las personas.
El genitivo sajón (’s) Who’s your best friend?
• Para expresar posesión se utiliza apóstrofe (‘) + s. ¿Quién es tu mejor amigo/a?
• Se añade ’s tras un nombre propio o sustantivo en • Se utiliza when para preguntar sobre aspectos
singular, y un apóstrofe (‘) tras un nombre propio temporales (como fechas y horas).
plural o los sustantivos en plural. When’s your birthday?
Carla’s phone ¿Cuándo es tu cumpleaños?
El teléfono de Carla
The students’ books (x The books of the students)
Los libros de los alumnos
• Si son dos personas las propietarias de algo, se utiliza
‘s tras la segunda.
Mum and Dad’s computer
El ordenador de mamá y papá

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Grammar practice 1
Possessive adjectives Question words
1 Write the correct possessive adjective for the 5 Complete the conversation with the question
subject pronoun in brackets. words in the box.
1 Their names are Richard and John. (they)
2 This is classroom. (we) When What Where How old
3 birthday is in July. (she) Who What
4 chair is here. (you)
Tom: Hello! I’m Tom. 1 What is your name?
5 Put the DVDs in boxes. (they) Sandra: I’m Sandra.
6 family is Spanish. (I) Tom: 2
are you from?
Sandra: I’m American. I’m from California.
2 Circle the correct words. Tom: 3
are you?
1 We / Our school is very big. Sandra: I’m thirteen.
2 Their / His names are Ruben and Lucia. Tom: I’m thirteen too. 4 is your
3 Your / You’re book is on the table. birthday?
Sandra: In September.
4 His / He’s sisters are nice.
Tom: 5
is your favourite sport?
5 Justin is five. His / Her teacher is Mrs Milner. Sandra: Football.
6 Its / Her name is The York School of English. Tom: Football? 6 is your favourite
player?
Possessive ’s Sandra: My favourite player is Xavi Hernández.

3 Add the possessive ’s to the sentences. 6 Circle the correct words.

1 It is Susana’s skateboard. 1 When / What is your birthday?
2 This is my father car. 2 Who / Where is Andalucia?
3 Put Pedro toys in the box. 3 How old / What is your sister?
4 This is my friend phone number. 4 When / Who is the girl with the blue skateboard?
5 She is Carlos mother. 5 When / Where is my MP3 player?
6 When / How old is the party?
4 Put the words in the correct order to make
sentences.
1 are / friend’s / my / These / headphones
These are my friend’s headphones.
2 football / is / That / my / dog’s

3 nice / sister’s / friend / is / My

4 favourite / blue / Jack’s / colour / is

5 uncle’s / is / house / My / big

6 English / is / brother’s / My / teacher

Grammar practice 103

 Grammar reference
Unit 2 How many … have you got?
have got: afirmativa y negativa • Se utiliza how many + objeto + have got para
preguntas sobre cantidad.
afirmativa negativa A: How many comics has he got?
I’ve got I haven’t got B: He’s got 30.
You’ve got You haven’t got A: ¿Cuántos cómics tiene?
He’s got He hasn’t got B: Treinta.
She’s got She hasn’t got
two sisters. two brothers.
It’s got It hasn’t got
We’ve got We haven’t got
You’ve got You haven’t got
They’ve got They haven’t got

• Se utiliza have got para hablar sobre posesión.

I’ve got three brothers.
Tengo tres hermanos.
• En las conversaciones, se tiende a emplear formas
contraídas.
He’s got an uncle in Scotland.
Tiene un tío en Escocia.
• Para que have got sea negativo, se añade n’t (not)
inmediatamente después de have, sin modificar got.
We haven’t got a big house.
No tenemos una casa grande.
have got: preguntas y respuestas cortas
interrogativa respuestas cortas
afirmativa negativa
I got a dog? Yes, I have. No, I haven’t.
Have
you got a dog? Yes, you have. No, you haven’t
he got a dog? Yes, he has. No, he hasn’t.
Has she got a dog? Yes, she has. No, she hasn’t.
it got a dog? Yes, it has. No, it hasn’t.
we got a dog? Yes, we have. No, we haven’t.
Have you got a dog? Yes, you have. No, you haven’t.
they got a dog? Yes, they have. No, they haven’t.

• Para formular preguntas se utiliza have / has +

sujeto + got + objeto.
Have you got a skateboard?
¿Tienes monopatín?
• En inglés conversacional, cuando nos hacen una
pregunta, se utilizan respuestas cortas.
A: Have you got an electric guitar?
B: Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t. (x No, I haven’t got).
A: ¿Tienes una guitarra eléctrica?
B: Sí. / No.

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Grammar practice 2
have got: affirmative and negative have got: questions and short
1 Complete with the correct affirmative form of answers
have got. 4 Use the information to write questions and
1 We have got long hair. short answers.
2 I red trainers.
Elisa Rosie and Rob
3 Juan two sisters.
brown hair ✓ ✗
4 Eric and Ernie skateboards.
5 Our house two bedrooms. a cat ✗ ✓
6 You four books. a comic ✓ ✗

2 Write the sentences in the negative. 1 Has Elisa got brown hair?
1 I’ve got a red rubber. Yes, she has.
I haven’t got a red rubber. 2
2 Claudia has got a new games console.
3
3 They’ve got a blue car.
4
4 My dog has got a big nose.
5
5 We’ve got a new teacher.
6
6 He’s got an MP3 player.

5 Match the questions with the short answers.

3 Write affirmative (✓) or negative (✗) 1 Has Pablo got two brothers? a No, we haven’t.
sentences with have got. 2 Have we got English class b Yes, he has.
1 She / two cousins (✓) this afternoon? c Yes, they have.
She’s got two cousins. 3 Have they got a big house? d No, she hasn’t.
2 I / blue eyes (✓) 4 Has your cat got small ears? e Yes, it has.
5 Have you got five euros? f No, I haven’t.
3 Harry / a pencil (✗) 6 Has she got a skateboard?

4 You / a bike (✗)

5 Our house / a big garden
6 My grandparents / mobile phones
How many … have you got?
6 Write questions for the answers. Use How
(✓) many.
1 How many uncles have you got?
(✗) I’ve got four uncles.
2
Peter’s got eight cousins.
3
We’ve got two dogs.
4
They’ve got a lot of comics.
5
My house has got three bedrooms.
6
Ana’s got three brothers and two sisters.

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Unit 3 Adverbios de frecuencia
always usually often sometimes never
Presente simple: afirmativa y negativa
afirmativa 100% 0%
I live in Madrid. He / She / It lives in Madrid. • Los adverbios de frecuencia indican la periodicidad
You live in Madrid. We / You / They live in Madrid. con la que realizamos una acción. Aparecen después
del verbo be, pero preceden a los verbos principales.
• Se utiliza el presente simple para expresar hechos, She’s always happy. Está siempre contenta.
hábitos o acciones cotidianas. He sometimes plays games on his mobile phone.
He goes to school. Va al colegio. A veces juega con los juegos del móvil.
He goes to football on Monday. El lunes va al fútbol. Presente simple: preguntas con respuesta
Ortografía: tercera persona del tipo sí/no
• La tercera persona del singular (he / she / it) del interrogativa respuestas breves
presente simple acaba en -s.
eat – he eats read – she reads live – it lives afirmativa negativa

comer – come leer – lee vivir – vive I like sport? Yes, I do. No, I don’t.
Do
you like sport? Yes, you do. No, you don’t.
• Cuando un verbo termina en consonante + y, se
he like sport? Yes, he does. No, he doesn’t.
sustituye la y por -ies para las formas he / she / it.
Does she like sport? Yes, she does. No, she doesn’t.
carry – he carries fly – flies it like sport? Yes, it does. No, it doesn’t.
llevar – lleva volar – vuela we like sport? Yes, we do. No, we don’t.
• Cuando un verbo termina en -s, -ss, -sh, -ch, -x and Do you like sport? Yes, you do. No, you don’t.
-o se añade -es. they like sport? Yes, they do. No, they don’t.
kiss – she kisses besar – besa
finish – he finishes terminar – termina • Para formular preguntas con respuesta del tipo sí / no
se utiliza do / does + sujeto + infinitivo.
watch – she watches ver – ve
Do you play with your friends in the afternoon?
relax – he relaxes relajarse – se relaja
¿Juegas con tus amigos por la tarde?
go – she goes ir – va
Does he go to bed late at the weekend?
• Algunos verbos tienen una forma irregular para la ¿Se va a la cama tarde los fines de semana?
tercera persona.
have – has be – is • Para responder se utilizan respuestas cortas con do /
does, y no se repite el verbo principal.
tener – tiene ser/estar – es/está
A: Do you often watch TV? B: Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
negativa A: ¿Ves con frecuencia la televisión? B: Sí. / No.
I don’t (do not) live Present simple: preguntas con partículas
You don’t (do not) live interrogativas
in Madrid.
He / She / It doesn’t (does not) live
particula
do/does sujeto verbo
We / You / They don’t (do not) live interrogativa
Who do you live (with)?
• La negativa del presente simple se forma con el
sujeto + don’t (do not) + infinitivo. What time does the party start?
They don’t speak English. No hablan inglés. Where does she live?
• Para la tercera persona del singular (he / she / it) se What does his dad do?
utiliza doesn’t (does not). When do they play?
He doesn’t do his homework. No hace los deberes.
(x He don’t do his homework.) • Para formular preguntas con partículas interrogativas,
se hace así: partícula interrogativa + do / does +
sujeto + verbo.
What time do you get up? ¿A qué hora te levantas?

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Grammar practice 3
Present simple: affirmative and Adverbs of frequency
negative 5 Put the words in the correct order to make
1 Circle the correct words. sentences.
1 Stella have / has breakfast. 1 listen / They / to music / in the morning / always
2 Tom and Steve start / starts school at 9.00.
They always listen to music in the morning.
3 We do / does our homework in the library. 2 usually / on / goes out / Patricia / Saturday
4 Mr Thompson give / gives us a lot of homework.
5 School finish / finishes at 4.00. 3 late / Liz and Dave / are / often
6 I speak / speaks four languages.
4 watch TV / morning / never / We / in / the
2 Complete the sentences with the correct form
of the verbs in the box.
5 happy / always / is / My dog
study start get live go teach
6 sometimes / play / You / with your friends
1 They live in Valencia.
2 The class at 6.30 pm.
3 I dressed before breakfast. Present simple: Yes/No
4 We shopping on Friday. questions
5 He History at university.
6 His mum at my school. 6 Circle the correct words.
1 Do / Does Harry play basketball on Saturdays?
3 Complete the sentences with the negative 2 Do / Does you like tortilla?
form of the verbs in bold. 3 Do / Does Sarah and Beatrice study French?
1 I don’t live in Madrid. I live in Barcelona. 4 Do / Does we go swimming on Tuesdays
2 He lunch at school. He has lunch at or Thursdays?
home. 5 Do / Does your mobile phone play music?
3 I get up early in the week, but I 6 Do / Does Linda play tennis with you after
early at the weekend. school?
4 Pablo and his brother like football, but they 7 Write affirmative (✓) or negative (✗) short
tennis.
answers to the questions.
5 Sarah skateboarding in her garden.
1 Do they like football? (✗) No, they don’t.
She goes skateboarding in the park.
2 Does she do karate? (✓)
6 You basketball on Tuesday. You play
3 Do they live in England? (✗)
basketball on Thursday.
4 Do you like playing computer games? (✓)
4 Rewrite the sentences. Use the information in
brackets. 5 Does Andrew study Art? (✗)
1 Diana lives in Madrid. (Barcelona) 6 Do we finish at three o’clock? (✓)
Diana doesn’t live in Madrid. She lives in Barcelona.
2 We finish school at 4.00. (3.30) Present simple: Wh- questions
3 You go to dance classes on Tuesdays. (Art classes)
8 Complete the sentences with do or does.
1 What time do we go to dance class?
2 Where Marimar live?
4 They study Portuguese at their school. (French)
3 you usually watch TV at night?
4 What time your sister go to bed?
5 His brother works in a bookshop. (supermarket)
5 Who she play with?
6 How often you eat pizza?
6 I play in the football team at school. (basketball)

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Unit 4 love, (don’t) like, hate + ing
can para expresar habilidad y permiso • Después de love, like, don’t like and hate se utiliza
la forma -ing del verbo.
afirmativa negativa She loves playing with her mobile phone.
I I (x She loves play with her mobile phone.)
You You Le encanta jugar con su teléfono móvil.
He / She / It He / She / It • También se pueden utilizar nombres propios o
can do kung fu. can’t play. sustantivos después de love, like, don’t like
We We
and hate.
You You They don’t like football, but they love basketball.
They They (x They like the football.)
No les gusta el fútbol, pero les encanta el
interrogativa respuestas breves baloncesto.
afirmativa negativa Pronombres de objeto
Can I go? Yes, I can. No, I can’t.
Pronombre
Can you go? Yes, you can. No, you can’t. I you he she it we you they
de sujeto
Can he go? Yes, he can. No, he can’t.
pronombre
Can she go? Yes, she can. No, she can’t. me you him her it us you them
de objeto
Can it go? Yes, it can. No, it can’t.
Can we go? Yes, we can. No, we can’t. • Algunos verbos y preposiciones van seguidos de
pronombres de objeto.
Can you go? Yes, you can. No, you can’t.
She meets us after school every day.
Can they go? Yes, they can. No, they can’t.
Queda con nosotros todos los días después del
• Se utiliza can para expresar habilidad. colegio.
He can do different Kung Fu moves. I usually have lunch with them.
Sabe ejecutar varios movimientos de Kung Fu. Normalmente como con ellos/as.
• También se utiliza can para expresar permiso. • Para hacer referencia a objetos y animales, se utiliza
Dad says we can’t play on the computer tonight. it (singular) y them (plural).
Papá dice que esta noche no nos deja jugar en el Don’t feed the monkey! – Don’t feed it!
ordenador. No le des comida al mono. – No le des comida!
• Can es una forma invariable. La tercera persona (he / Do you read comics? – Do you read them?
she / it) no termina en -s. ¿Lees comics? – ¿Los lees?
She can speak Chinese. like, love, hate + pronombre de objeto
Sabe hablar chino.
• Recuerda que se utiliza un pronombre de objeto tras
• Después de can, hay que utilizar siempre un infinitivo verbos como like, love and hate.
sin to. This my new mobile phone. Do you like it?
They can go to the school disco. (x Do you like?)
(x They can to go to the school disco.) Este es mi teléfono móvil nuevo. ¿Te gusta?
Pueden ir a la discoteca del colegio. I hate Mondays – I hate them.
• Para hacer preguntas con can se cambia el orden de Odio los lunes. – Los odio.
las palabras. No se utiliza do / does.
Can you use your mobile phone at school?
(x Do you can use your mobile phone at school?)
¿Te dejan utilizar el teléfono móvil en el colegio?

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Grammar practice 4
can for ability and permission 4 Use the information in the table to write
questions and short answers.
1 Write sentences using can.
1 Katie / watch TV Richard Tim and Laura
Katie can watch TV. paint well ✓ ✗
2 Jamie / run very fast use a computer ✗ ✓
say the alphabet ✓ ✗
3 Charlie and I / help you in English

4 You / play on my games console 1 Can Richard paint well? Yes, he can.
2
5 My uncle / do karate 3
4
6 I / go out with my friends 5
6

2 Write questions using can. love, (don’t) like, hate + ing

1 I can swim. (you)
Can you swim? 5 Complete the sentences with the -ing form of
the verbs in brackets.
2 He can play the guitar. (they)
1 He loves going to school. (go)
2 I don’t like homework. (do)
3 Jane can dance. (he)
3 Karen loves DVDs. (watch)
4 We like English. (learn)
4 Alex can stay up late at the weekend. (we)
5 They don’t like pictures. (paint)
6 My brother hates . (sing)
5 We can watch TV after school. (she)

6 They can use the computer. (I)

Object pronouns (like, love, etc)
6 Circle the correct words.
1 I like he / him .
3 Write the sentences in the negative. 2 She doesn’t like we / us.
1 John can play basketball.
3 It’s my favourite book. I love it / him.
John can’t play basketball. 4 I love she / her, but she hates me / I.
2 I can help them with their homework.
5 I like your headphones. Can I use they / them?
6 I love that song. I can play it / her on the guitar.
3 She can do judo.
7 Complete the sentences with the object
4 Will and I can go to Mary’s house. pronouns in the box.

5 You can count to 50 in English. them her me us it him

6 Santiago can use your computer. 1 Our teacher always tells us to sit down.
2 It’s a great film. Watch !
3 She’s got exams. She needs to study for
.
4 Alan goes to Art classes. I can go with
.
5 My cousin Katie knows the answer. I can email
tomorrow.
6 My best friend always tells her
secrets.
Grammar practice 109
 Grammar reference
Unit 5 • Se utiliza there is con sustantivos contables e
incontables en singular.
Sustantivos contables e incontables There is a cinema. Hay un cine.
• La mayoría de los sustantivos son contables, es decir, There is some cheese. (x There are some cheese.)
se pueden contar uno por uno. Tienen una forma Hay queso.
para el singular y otra para el plural.
• Se utiliza there are con sustantivos contables en
One tomato – two tomatoes
plural.
Un tomate – dos tomates There are some chips. Hay patatas fritas.
• Hay algunos sustantivos que son incontables, es decir, There are four pizzas. Hay cuatro pizzas.
no se pueden contar individualmente. No tienen una
• Para las oraciones negativas e interrogativas,
forma para el plural; van siempre en singular.
normalmente se utiliza any con los sustantivos en
bread (x a bread) pan milk (x a milk) leche
plural y con los incontables.
homework (x a homework) deberes Are there any hot dogs? ¿Hay perritos calientes?
music (x a music) musica Is there any milk? ¿Hay leche?
a / an, some, any There aren’t any burgers. No hay hamburguesas.
• Se utiliza a con los sustantivos contables en singular. There isn’t any bread. No hay pan.
a banana un plátano a dog un perro • En inglés conversacional, se suele utilizar la contracción
• Se utiliza an con los sustantivos contables en singular there’s, pero nunca se utiliza la contracción para
que empiezan por vocal. there are.
an orange una naranja an uncle un tío much/many/a lot of
• Some y any expresan una cantidad indefinida (no • Much, many y a lot of expresan cantidad.
conocemos la cantidad o no nos interesa). Se utilizan • Se utiliza much en oraciones negativas con sustantivos
con sustantivos contables en plural. Some se utiliza incontables.
normalmente en oraciones afirmativas y any en las There isn’t much water. No hay mucho agua.
oraciones negativas e interrogativas.
We need some apples. Necesitamos manzanas. • Se utiliza many en oraciones negativas con sustantivos
contables.
He hasn’t got any crisps. No tiene patatas fritas. There aren’t many students in the class.
Have we got any tomatoes? ¿Tenemos tomates? No hay muchos alumnos/as en la clase.
• También se utilizan some y any con los sustantivos • Se utiliza a lot of en oraciones afirmativas con
incontables. Some se utiliza normalmente en sustantivos en plural y con los incontables para
oraciones afirmativas y any en las oraciones negativas describir una gran cantidad de algo.
e interrogativas. There are a lot of vegetables.
We need some pasta for spaghetti bolognese.
Hay muchas verduras.
Necesitamos pasta para hacer espaguetis a la
boloñesa. We’ve got a lot of pasta. (x We’ve got a lot pasta.)
Marta hasn’t got any water. Marta no tiene agua. Tenemos mucha pasta.
Have we got any cheese? ¿Tenemos queso? • Se utiliza how much / how many para preguntar
sobre cantidad.
there is / there are • Se utiliza how many con los sustantivos contables en
afirmativa negativa plural.
How many potatoes are there?
singular There’s a supermarket. There isn’t a supermarket.
¿Cuántas patatas hay?
plural There are some chips There aren’t any chips on
on the tray. the tray. • Se utiliza how much con los sustantivos incontables.
How much fruit juice have you got?
interrogativa respuestas breves ¿Cuánto zumo de fruta tienes?
singular Is there a supermarket? Yes, there is. /
No, there isn’t.
plural Are there any chips? Yes, there are. /
No, there aren’t.

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Grammar practice 5
Countable and uncountable 6 Use the information to write questions and
nouns short answers about the two places.
Hessle Cottingham
1 Write C (countable) or U (uncountable) for the
nouns in bold. a sports centre ✗ ✓
1 Can I have an apple? C good restaurants ✓ ✗
2 I do my homework in my bedroom. a cinema ✗ ✓
3 I need four tomatoes.
1 Is there a sports centre in Hessle? No, there isn’t.
4 She has milk for breakfast.
2
5 Tom has got two bananas.
3
6 Evie loves cheese.
4
2 Complete the table with the words. 5
6
eggs vegetables milk olive tomatoes rice
crisps carrot meat cheese potatoes biscuit 7 Correct the incorrect sentences.
1 Are there a cinema in your town?
singular plural uncountable Is there a cinema in your town?
eggs 2 There are some bananas in the cupboard.

3 There aren’t some sandwiches.

a / an, some and any 4 Is there any pasta for spaghetti bolognese?

3 Circle the correct words. 5 There’s a egg. Do you want it?

1 Can I have a / an biscuit, please?
2 We haven’t got some / any crisps. 6 There are any pens in the pencil case.
3 Has Sam got a / any milk in his packed lunch?
4 Take some / a water with you to school. 7 There’s some rice.
5 Do you want an / any orange?
6 Have we got some / any eggs? 8 There’s an tomato on the plant.
4 Complete the sentences with a / an, some
or any.
1 We’ve got a red car. much / many / a lot of
2 I’ve got bananas.
3 Ana doesn’t like fruit.
8 Complete the sentences with much, many or
a lot of.
4 Can I have orange, please?
1 A: How many students are there in your class?
5 They haven’t got biscuits.
B: There are 35.
6 Have you got green pen?
2 A: How cousins have you got?
B: I’ve got nine cousins.
there is / there are 3 A: Has Jenny got any good DVDs?
5 Complete the sentences with there is / there B: Yes, she’s got good DVDs.
are (✓) or there isn’t / there aren’t (✗). 4 There isn’t orange juice – only one
1 There isn’t any bread. (✗) bottle!
2 28 students in my class. (✓) 5 A: Are there any shops in your town?
3 a chair for me. (✗) B: Yes, there are shops.
4 a dictionary on the table. (✓) 6 How pasta can you eat?
5 some cheese sandwiches. (✓)
6 any books. (✗)
Grammar practice 111
 Grammar reference
Unit 6 Presente continuo: preguntas y respuestas
cortas
Presente continuo: afirmativa y negativa
(particula be sujeto verbo + -ing
afirmativa negativa interrogativa)
I’m I’m not – Am I reading?
You’re You’re not – Are you thinking?
He’s He’s not – Is he / she / it sleeping?
She’s She’s not – Are we getting up?
sleeping. sleeping.
It’s It’s not – Are you eating?
We’re We’re not – Are they playing?
You’re You’re not What are you learning?
They’re They’re not Who are they talking (to)?

• Se utiliza el presente continuo para hablar sobre respuestas breves

acciones que están sucediendo en el momento en
que hablamos. I am. I’m not.
You are reading this sentence. Yes, he / she / it is. No, he / she / it isn’t.
Estás leyendo esta frase. we / you / they are. we / you / they aren’t.
We are studying the present continuous.
• Para formular preguntas, se utiliza be + sujeto +
Estamos estudiando el presente continuo. verb + – ing.
• La forma afirmativa se construye utilizando sujeto + Are you listening? ¿Estás escuchando?
be + verbo + -ing. • No se utiliza el verbo + -ing en las respuestas cortas.
The bird is flying. El pájaro está volando. Yes, I am. (x Yes, I am listening.) Sí.
They are fighting. Están peleándose.
• Para las preguntas de contenido, se sitúa la partícula
• Para la forma negativa, se añade not después del interrogativa antes del verbo be.
verbo be y antes del verbo con -ing. Normalmente Where are you going? ¿A dónde vas?
se contrae not. What are you doing? ¿Qué estás haciendo?
He isn’t laughing. No se está riendo.
Presente simple y presente continuo
Ortografía: -ing
• Se utiliza el presente simple para hablar sobre hechos,
• Con la mayoría de los verbos, se añade -ing al verbo hábitos y acciones cotidianas.
principal. Frogs don’t drink water. Las ranas no beben agua.
eat – eating comer – comiendo
I read a lot of comics. Leo muchos cómics.
read – reading leer – leyendo
• Se utiliza el presente continuo para hablar sobre
think – thinking pensar – pensando
acciones que están sucediendo en el momento de
• Con los verbos terminados en -e, se elimina la -e y se hablar.
añade -ing. I read a lot of comics. At the moment, I’m reading
write – writing Spiderman.
have – having Leo muchos cómics. Ahora mismo estoy leyendo
escribir – escribiendo Spiderman.
tener/haber – teniendo/habiendo • Se utilizan los adverbios de frecuencia (always,
• Con los verbos que terminan en vocal + sometimes, etc) con el presente simple. Con el
consonante, se duplica la consonante final. presente continuo se utiliza at the moment y now.
stop – stopping run – running Mum sometimes helps me with my homework.
parar – parando correr – corriendo Mamá me ayuda a veces con los deberes.
He’s playing computer games at the moment.
Está jugando en el ordenador ahora mismo.

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Grammar practice 6
Present continuous: affirmative Present continuous: questions
and negative and short answers
1 Write the -ing form of the verbs. 5 Complete the questions and short answers.
1 run running 4 play 1 Am I helping ? (help) (✓)
2 help 5 write Yes, you are.
3 stop 6 swim 2 he (smile) (✓)

2 Complete the sentences with the present 3 they ? (dance) (✗)

continuous form of the verbs in the box.
4 we in the race tomorrow?
get use have listen write
(run) (✓)
read show

1 Joshua is reading the newspaper. 5 she her teeth? (brush) (✗)

2 I lunch. Can I telephone you
this afternoon? 6 you dinner with us?
3 They dressed to go out this (have) (✓)
evening.
4 She can’t hear you. She to
music on her headphones. Present simple and present
5 The teacher us some old continous
photographs.
6 Dad the computer. He 6 Complete the sentences with the present
an email to Uncle Rob. simple or present continuous.
1 We go swimming at the sports centre on
3 Complete the sentences with the negative Friday. (go)
form of the present continuous. Remember to 2 I to the football on the radio. It’s 2–1!
use contractions! (listen)
1 You ’re not listening to me! (listen) 3 How often you your
2 Sally football. (play) friends after school? (see)
3 We the dog. (walk) 4 you the homework?
4 Joe and Chloe to Sam. (understand)
(speak) 5 It , but I don’t want to go out. (not
5 I at you! (laugh) rain)
6 They TV! (watch) 6 I can’t see you! Where you
? (hide)
4 Write affirmative and negative sentences in
the present continuous. 7 Choose the correct options.
1 he / read / a comic (✓) 1 I an email to my best friend.
He’s reading a comic. a am writing b write
2 they / listen / to us (✗) 2 My grandma to the zoo.
a is never going b never goes
3 Laura / do / her homework (✓) 3 Giraffes for two hours every day.
a are sleeping b sleep
4 We the bird of prey show at the moment.
4 I / concentrate / on this exercise (✗)
a are watching b watch
5 Vicki to the aquarium in the summer.
5 we / go / to our Art class (✓)
a is always going b always goes
6 that animal programme at the moment?
6 Joe / eat / his lunch (✗)
a Are you watching b Do you watch
Grammar practice 113
 Grammar reference
Unit 7 • También se utiliza there were con sustantivos
contables en plural.
was/were There were a lot of tourists last weekend.
afirmativa negativa El fin de semana pasado había muchos turistas.
I was I wasn’t (was not) • Para las preguntas y las negaciones, normalmente
se utiliza any con los sustantivos en plural y con los
You were You weren’t (were not) incontables.
He was He wasn’t (was not) Were there any good shops?
She was She wasn’t (was not) ¿Había buenas tiendas?
nice. good.
It was It wasn’t (was not) There wasn’t any pasta. No había pasta.
We were We weren’t (were not) Pasado simple: verbos regulares
You were You weren’t (were not) • Se utiliza el pasado simple para hablar de
They were They weren’t (were not) acontecimientos y acciones en el pasado, que ya han
finalizado.
interrogativa respuestas breves I tidied my room yesterday.
afirmativa negativa Ayer limpié mi habitación.
Was I happy? Yes, I was. No, I wasn’t. Pasado simple: ortografía
Were you happy? Yes, you were. No, you weren’t. • Para formar el pasado simple, se añade -ed a la
Was he happy? Yes, he was. No, he wasn’t. mayoría de los verbos.
Was she happy? Yes, she was. No, she wasn’t. show – showed play – played
mostrar – mostró jugar / tocar – jugó / tocó
Was it happy? Yes, it was. No, it wasn’t.
Were we happy? Yes, we were. No, we weren’t.
• En el caso de los verbos que terminan en -e, se
añade solamente -d.
Were you happy? Yes, you were. No, you weren’t. live – lived like – liked vivir – vivió gustar – gustó
Were they happy? Yes, they were. No, they weren’t.
• Si el verbo termina en consonante + y, se elimina la
y y se añade -ied.
• Was y were son las formas del pasado simple de be.
The Simpsons was on TV last night. study – studied estudiar – estudió
Anoche pusieron los Simpsons en la tele. • Si el verbo termina en consonante + vocal +
consonante, se duplica la consonante final y se
Susana and Isabel were at the party. añade -ed.
Susana e Isabel estaban en la fiesta. shop – shopped stop – stopped
• Para formular preguntas, se utiliza was / were antes comprar – compró parar – paró
del sujeto. No hay que utilizar el verbo do.
Pasado simple: verbos irregulares
Was he important? (x Does he was important?)
• Algunos verbos son irregulares en el pasado simple y
¿Era importante?
no se atienen a un modelo específico.
Were the children happy with their presents? get – got do – did obtener – obtuvo hacer – hizo
¿Estaban contentos los niños con sus regalos? • Ver la lista de verbos irregulares en la página 128.
there was / there were • Con el pasado simple se pueden utilizar marcadores
• There was y there were son las formas del pasado temporales como yesterday, last night, last week,
simple de there is y there are. last weekend, and last summer.
There was a park here. Aquí había un parque. We went to Galicia last weekend.
There were two cars. Había dos coches. El fin de semana pasado fuimos a Galicia.
• Se utiliza there was con sustantivos contables en ago
singular y con los incontables. • Se utiliza ago con el pasado simple y con un periodo
There was a pen here. Había un bolígrafo aquí. de tiempo para hablar sobre cuándo ocurrió algo en
There was some milk in the fridge. el pasado. Suele aparecer al final de la oración.
Había leche en la nevera. I went to the USA two years ago.
Estuve en EE. UU. hace dos años.
114 Grammar reference
Grammar practice 7
was/were Past simple: regular and
1 Circle the correct words. irregular verbs
1 She was / were here at 8 am. 5 Complete the sentences with the affirmative
2 We wasn’t / weren’t at the cinema. past simple form of the verbs in the box.
3 Why was / were Javier and Daniel late?
4 I was / were at school yesterday. escape walk start live watch stay
5 Where were / was you at 9.30?
6 Tony weren’t / wasn’t happy. 1 We walked to school this morning.
2 The class at 4.30.
2 Write questions with was/were. Answer them 3 Twenty years ago, my parents in
with short answers. Valencia.
1 your dad / with you? (✗) 4 In the summer, we at my
Was your dad with you? No, he wasn’t. grandparents’ for three weeks.
2 the film / good? (✓) 5 Last week, a lion from the zoo.
6 Jake TV all weekend.
3 you / at home / at 8 pm? (✗)
6 Write the past simple of the verbs.
4 the city centre / busy / on Saturday? (✓)
1 study studied 4 see
2 get 5 do
3 stop 6 have
5 they / at the bowling alley / last night? (✓)

7 Put the letters in order and complete the

6 we / on holiday / in June? (✗) sentences with irregular past simple forms.
1 She read the book last summer. (erad)
2 We swimming last weekend. (nwet)
3 Complete the questions with was/were and
3 I a lot of kangaroos in Australia.
the question words in the box.
(wsa)
Why Why Where What 4 Emma and Frances lunch with us.
How much Who (dha)
5 My brother up late this morning.
1 Why were Adam and Joe at the shopping (tgo)
centre? 6 You four hamburgers! (tea)
2 you last night at 9 pm?
3 the girl with short hair? ago
4 the name of your first dog?
5 you happy this morning?
8 Put the words in the correct order to make
sentences.
6 the trainers at the market?
1 saw / two weeks / I / him / ago
I saw him two weeks ago.
there was / there were 2 three years / stayed / Aunt Rachel / at my house /
4 Complete the text with the correct form of ago
there was / there were.
My granddad says that our town is very different 3 the cup / ago / My football team / won / ten
now. Fifty years ago, 1 there were a lot of little seasons
shops, and 2 a big market every week,
but 3 any shopping centres! Where the 4 ago / my homework / did / half an hour / I
big shopping centre is now, 4 a nice
park to walk in, but 5 any museums for 5 our class project / finished / We / ago / four days
the tourists. It wasn’t a problem. Granddad says that
6
any tourists!

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 Grammar reference
Unit 8 must
Pasado simple: negativa afirmativa negativa

sujeto didn’t infinitivo otras palabras I I

I / You You You

didn’t play football yesterday. He / She / It He / She / It
He / She / It must wear
didn’t go to the cinema. mustn’t run.
We / You / They We trainers. We
You You
• Para formar la negativa del pasado simple, se utiliza They They
didn’t (did not) + infinitivo sin to.
Javier didn’t watch TV last night. • Se utiliza must para expresar obligación y
Javier no vio la televisión ayer. prohibición.
They didn’t have lunch at home today. You must finish your homework now.
No han comido en casa hoy. Tienes que terminar los deberes ahora.
• Todas las formas del singular y plural son iguales. She mustn’t be late for school.
I didn’t see Tom yesterday. No puede llegar tarde al colegio.
Ayer no vi a Tom. • Must es una forma invariable. Normalmente no se
They didn’t like the film. (x They didn’t liked the film.) utiliza para formular preguntas.
No les gust la pelicula. • Después de must, hay que utilizar siempre un
infinitivo sin to.
Pasado simple: preguntas y respuestas They mustn’t eat in class. (x They mustn’t to eat in
cortas class.)
particula did sujeto infinitivo No pueden comer en clase.
interrogativa
I / you
– Did he / she / it play?
we / you / they
What did you do?
Which comic did they choose?

respuestas breves
Yes, I / you / he / she / it / we / you / they did.
No, I / you / he / she / it / we / you / they didn’t.

• Para formular preguntas en pasado simple se utiliza

did + sujeto + infinitivo.
Did she enjoy the party?
¿Se lo pasó bien en la fiesta?
• Si se trata de preguntas de contenido, se utiliza la
partícula interrogativa antes de did.
What did you do at the weekend?
(x What you did at the weekend?)
¿Qué hiciste el fin de semana?
Where did they play football on Sunday?
(x Where they play football on Sunday?)
¿Dónde jugaron al fútbol el domingo?

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Grammar practice 8
Past simple: negative Past simple: questions and short
1 Write the sentences in the negative. answers
1 Simon looked at the teacher. 4 This is what Alan, Hannah and Zoe did last
Simon didn’t look at the teacher. weekend. Complete the table with answers
2 You put the milk in the fridge. about you, then use the information to write
questions and short answers.
3 They got home very late.
Alan Hannah and Zoe You
play computer ✗ ✓
4 Ignacio liked the park.
games
go shopping ✓ ✗
5 I went to the shop.
1 Did Alan play computer games?
6 Molly did her homework. No, he didn’t.
2

2 Write past simple questions.

3
1 Why / give him / my comic / ?
Why did you give him my comic?
4
2 you / go out / last night / ?

5
3 What / they / have for dinner / ?

6
4 When / Jack / start school / ?

5 Where / she / go on holiday / ?

must
6 you / have / a good weekend / ? 5 Write sentences with must (✓) or musn’t (✗).
1 Jack / tidy his bedroom (✓)
Jack must tidy his bedroom.
3 Match the beginnings and the ends of the
2 Students / arrive before 8.30 (✓)
questions.
1 Where a like the museum?
3 You / speak in the exam (✗)
2 What b did he get up?
3 Did she c did Olivia go?
4 She / stay at home (✓)
4 What time d is your birthday?
5 How long e did you have for lunch?
5 We / use the computer (✗)
6 When f did she need to do her
homework?
6 I / wear a blue shirt (✗)

6 Circle the best options.

1 He can’t / mustn’t find his favourite sweatshirt.
2 Alicia can / must wear a uniform at her school.
3 I mustn’t / can listen to music after doing my
homework.
4 You must / can’t brush your teeth after eating.
5 Robert mustn’t / can’t go to the party.
6 We can / mustn’t play football in the classroom.

Grammar practice 117

 Grammar reference
Unit 9 be going to: interrogativa
Presente continuo para expresar futuro interrogativa respuestas breves
• Se puede utilizar el presente continuo para hacer afirmativa negativa
referencia a citas y planes ya decididos que tendrán Am I going to study? Yes, I am. No, I’m not.
lugar en el futuro.
Are you going to study? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t.
I’m meeting my friend, Maite, at 6.30.
Is he going to study? Yes, he is. No, he isn’t.
He quedado con mi amiga Maite a las 6.30.
Is she going to study? Yes, she is. No, she isn’t.
My sister’s going to university in October.
Is it going to study? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.
Mi hermana empieza la universidad en octubre.
Are we going to study? Yes, we are. No, we aren’t.
• Con frecuencia se utilizan marcadores temporales de
futuro como tonight, tomorrow, this weekend, Are you going to study? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t.
this summer, next week, next month, after class Are they going to study? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.
and after school.
What are you doing tonight? • Para formular preguntas se utiliza be antes del
sujeto.
¿Qué vas a hacer esta noche?
Is he going to tell us the answers to the homework?
This summer, we’re going to London.
¿Nos va a decir las respuestas a los deberes?
Este verano nos vamos a Londres.
• Para formular preguntas de contenido se utiliza una
be going to: afirmativa y negativa partícula interrogativa antes de be.
afirmativa negativa
Who is he going to ask?
¿A quién va a preguntar?
I’m I’m not
What are you going to wear to the party?
You’re You aren’t
¿Qué vas a ponerte para la fiesta?
He’s He isn’t
She’s going to go She isn’t going to watch
It’s shopping. It isn’t the film.
We’re We aren’t
You’re You aren’t
They’re They aren’t

• Se utiliza be going to para hablar sobre futuros

planes e intenciones.
She’s going to take her camera on holiday.
Se va a llevar la cámara en sus vacaciones.
I’m going to wear my new trainers.
Me voy a poner las deportivas nuevas.
• Para formar la afirmativa, se utiliza be + going to +
infinitivo.
We’re going to have dinner in a pizza place.
Vamos a cenar en una pizzería.
• Para formar la negativa, se utiliza be + not + going
to + infinitivo.
They aren’t going to go on holiday this summer.
Este verano no se van de vacaciones.

118 Grammar reference

Grammar practice 9
Present continous for future 4 Write the sentences in the negative.
1 Josh is going to tidy his bedroom.
1 Complete the sentences with the present Josh isn’t going to tidy his bedroom.
continuous (future).
2 I’m going to study Maths.
1 I ’m meeting my friends this afternoon. (meet)
2 When you football this
3 Rebecca’s going to get up early tomorrow.
week? (play)
3 Alison and Ruth to the
water park tomorrow? (come) 4 Carl and Simon are going to wear shorts.
4 We my grandparents this
weekend. (not visit) 5 We’re going to take our MP3 players.
5 Dad the football on TV
tonight? (watch) 6 You’re going to buy a new mobile phone.
6 Where you shopping
on Saturday? (go)
be going to: questions
2 Complete the text with the present continuous
(future) form of the verbs in the box. 5 Complete the questions with (be) going to
and the verbs in the box. Answer them with
go do have study stay fly short answers.

Yesterday, my friend Sandra asked, ‘What have wear meet study go help
1 are you doing in the summer?’
Sandra 2 to London. She 3 1 Are they going to meet us at the cinema? (✗)
with her aunt and uncle all summer, and she No, they aren’t.
4
English at a language school. In 2 you a skirt? (✓)
August, they 5 a party for Sandra’s
birthday. Sandra doesn’t know, but I 6
3 she surfing? (✗)
there to surprise her. It was difficult not to tell her!

4 we pizza? (✓)
be going to: affirmative and
negative 5 your brother you? (✓)
3 Write sentences using (be) going to.
1 They / go shopping on Saturday
6 I English today? (✗)
They’re going to go shopping on Saturday.
2 Andrew / phone me tonight
6 Write questions with (be) going to.
1 What time / Lily / arrive?
3 I / play my favourite song What time is Lily going to arrive?
2 Where / they / get married?
4 You / watch a film on DVD

3 How long / you / be on holiday?

5 My mum / help me

4 Why / Aiden / buy a new camera?

6 We / ride our bikes

5 What / you / wear to the party?

6 When / it / stop raining?

Grammar practice 119