SINDAC, KRISTAL PEARL
TAYOAN, LYKA MAE
Negatively Charged
r – group
Amino Acids with Acid or Base R-groups
Amino acids are organic compounds which contain
both an amino group and a carboxyl group. They are
distinguished by the attached functional group R.
Of the twenty amino acids that make up proteins, five
have a side chain which can be charge. At pH- 7, three
are positive and two in negative charge (also known as
acidic side chains)
1. Aspartic acid (Asp, D)
2. Glutamic acid (Glu, E)
Aspartic Acid is a non-essential amino acid in humans,
Aspartic Acid has an overall negative charge and plays
an important role in the synthesis of other amino acids
and in the citric acid and urea cycles. Asparagine,
arginine, lysine, methionine, isoleucine, and some
nucleotides are synthesized from aspartic acid. Aspartic
acid also serves as a neurotransmitter. (NCI04)
FUNCTION
 help your body promote a robust metabolism
 used to treat depression and fatigue
 promotes a transportation of minerals to the cells,
which are essential to form healthy RNA and DNA
USES AND EFFECTIVENESS
 Muscle strength. Taking D-aspartic acid does not
seem
 to improve muscle strength.
 Increasing mineral levels.
 Enhancing athletic performance.
 Reducing tiredness
GENERAL BIOLOGY I
REPORTING
SIDE EFFECTS AND SAFETY
Aspartic acid is LIKELY SAFE when consumed in
food. However, it is not known if aspartic acid is
safe when used as medicine.
SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS AND WARNINGS
Pregnancy and breast-feeding: Not enough is
known about the use of aspartates during pregnancy
and breast-feeding. Stay on the safe side and avoid
use.
DOSING
The appropriate dose of aspartic acid depends on
several factors such as the user's age, health, and
several other conditions. At this time there is not
enough scientific information to determine an
appropriate range of doses for aspartic acid.
CHEMICAL STRUCTURE OF ASPARTIC ACID
Molecular Weight (Molar Mass): 133.10268 g/mol
Molecular Formula (Structural Formula): C4H7NO4
Glutamic acid (Glu), also referred to as glutamate (the
anion), is one of the 20 proteinogenic amino acids. It is
not among the essential amino acids. Glutamate is a key
molecule in cellular metabolism. In humans, dietary
proteins are broken down by digestion into amino acids,
which serves as metabolic fuel or other functional roles
in the body.
FUNCTON
It acts as an important neurotransmitter and the body
uses it to create other neurotransmitters, such as GABA.
Thus, this amino acid is critical for healthy brain
development and function.
USES AND EFFECTIVENESS CHILDREN

Effective for: BY MOUTH:

 Sickle cell disease  For critical illness (trauma): 0.3 grams per kilogram
 Possibly Effective for  For sickle cell disease: 5-15 grams of prescription
 Burns
CHEMICAL STRUCTURE OF GLUTAMIC ACID
 Critical illness (trauma)
 Recovery after surgery
 Involuntary weight loss in people with HIV/AIDS

SIDE EFFECTS AND SAFETY

When taken by mouth: Glutamine is LIKELY SAFE for

most adults when taken by mouth in doses up to 40
Molecular Weight (Molar Mass): 147.12926 g/mol
grams daily. Side effects are generally mild and may
include dizziness, heartburn, and stomach pain. Some Molecular Formula (Structural Formula): C5H9NO4
people find the grittiness of glutamine in water to be
unpleasant when taken by mouth.
When given by IV: Glutamine is LIKELY SAFE for
most adults when given by IV in doses up to 600 mg/kg
of body weight daily.

SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS AND WARNINGS

 Children
 Pregnancy and breast-feeding
 Bone marrow transplants
 Cirrhosis
 Severe liver disease with difficulty thinking or
confusion (hepatic encephalopathy)
 Mania, a mental disorder
 Monosodium glutamate (MSG) sensitivity
 Seizures

DOSING

ADULTS
BY MOUTH:

 For critical illness (trauma): Glutamine has been

given in a liquid feed at 0.2-0.6 grams
 For sickle cell disease: 5-15 grams of prescription