224 Compl Mathematics —JEE Main Bee 6.1an BFE = ony Some Important ntties WASB 1. tan A + tan B + tan C B 5. sin 2A + sin 2B + sin 2C = 4 sin A sin B sin C + 608 2B + cos 2C = =1 = 4 €08 A cos B cos C. 1 = 2.608 A cos B cos C wie So GENERAL SOLUTIONS OF TRIGONOMETRICAL EQUATIONS The following formulae are used in solving LL Hsin @= sin @, then O= +E ame 3 4. Hsin O= sin 6, Tlustration | 2 sin @= 1/2, then sn @~ sin (6) so that 8= n+ (—1)" m6 (ned, In solving tr Ii cos @= 608 a then @= 2ne +e (n ET) metrical equations, the general values of the angle shouldbe given, unless the solution is requied in any specified interval or range Principal Value Since all the trigonometrical ratios are periodic functions an equation of the form sin @= k, cos ‘ean have an infinite number of angles satisty alue of 8, this set is called Principal Value. ofall such values is called general Numerically least value Ilustration | 3 (mana itsin 0=:1/V2 the general the principal val is luc of Os n+ (= 1)" wi and Method for Fi ing Principal Value @) First note the quadea (di) For Ist and 2nd qua direction and for 3rd and 4th clockwise disection fn which the angle lies, rants consider anticlockwise (ii) Find the an les in the Ist rotation, (iv) Select the numerically least angle among these two The angle th ound will be the principal Tilustration | 4 ft Irtan @=~ 1, @lies in 2nd orth quadeant, For 2nd quad swe will select anticlockwise and for 4th quadrant we will select clockwise direction. So we gel two values 32/4 and U4, of which ~ ni is numerically least angle, Hence principal value is— 4 Iustration | 5 it Forsin 8 =~ 1/2, the principal value of Bis — mi6 and for sos = 1/2, the principal value of Bis w/3. [Note cos Bis in stand 4th quadrant, so we get two values ~ w/3 and 3 of 6 satisfying the relation. In such case, We select the angle with positive sign as principal value SOLVED MPLES Concept Based Straight Objective Type Questions 110< 9/2, and /(8)=(1 + c0t 8-cosve 8) ; cod 1)/,,snd, 0 © Solution: f(@ = | 1+ + + tan 9 3660) then fA) 1 Ua (1988-214 tes) @o 1 wo wt feesssoliy apiece Ans.) sind) osromenrical Ratios, I nd Equations 2.5 = Gind-cos0)?—1_142sin0 +0501.) @/rxamptes 45 cos 7° sin 799 snot 0 Saocnerrtaecne st Geass festa ese outs uele) = cos 30° cos 23° sin 30° sin 23 1 @ + = cos (30° + 23°) = eos 53 wr pee = cos (90° 37°) = sin 37" = sin (180°-37°) iS sitet a = sin (143°) @ Example 6 Suppose a ER, and let E= sin? (crs f) Wet tnre ve 1 sin'a'+ sin?B 2cosercosp cos (+ B) then Eis equal 0 ve 0 1 2 (a) 20s cos Ans. (6) Thus, 2c0s 0= Vi + © Sotut ve E= 1+ sin’or+ sin"B~ cos’ (a+ B) = 2m. where ne "2 cosercospicos (0+ B) => — c0s(5)= cos(10n r= 14-1 1 + sina + sin” ~ cos (cr + B) [cos (ce+B) 2 cosercosBi Also, for pA) oye st) = al y = 1 + sin2ar+ sin'B-+ eos(er+ B) os (a) 1 sin’ar+ sin?B + e0s?ar— sin" @ Example 3: For 0 < a, fi< #/2, let E = (tan a+ tan B) (1 cot axcot B+ (cota. + cotB) (I~ tance tanB) then E is (a) Independent ofc only 7G ssample 761. Byte tc sin ea mbes (b) independent of B only such that 0 < cB, 7< m2, then tan (al — B) + tan (B- 7) + (6) independent of and f both tan (7 cis equal to (4) equal to 2 (tanar+ tanp) @o ( -1 Ans. (6) wl (4) none oF these ( 1) Ans. (@) © Solution: £ = (aner+ anf) [1— ‘anatan © Solution: Let then (tana +tan B) atSe Cad mB sana Wehmetan +8) =an 0 Sate BL De = tan Atan B i 1 0 = tan A+ tan B+ tan C= tan A tan B tan C ian van A Prompts an Asn! an e-0 final Beal cotd cots =~ 2/3 One possible solution is Now, cot B~cotA cot(a ~B)= 9 i +c0t A cot ASAMathematics —JEE Main c080 yg 3sin? Is equal to: 3 ) 2 () ~2 (@) none of these Ans.(@) tance tan © Solution: tan (a p) = 2 “tan tan B cosa 1-3sin cosa 1 ~3sin? = -2an « a ple 10: Let /(@) = tan 0 <= then | 2) is equal to: Tota qual (@ 265 © © Ve @ V-1 Ans. (@) sin| @ | sin| 6) © Solution: /(0) = 3esin? 9 _ 2.08(20) +1 ~ [-4sin?@ 2c0s(26)—1 : reo(Z)r1 gy z a 2eo(*)-1 6) A Brample 15 1fcose 0= PEE wrere p> 4> then (zo eo is equal o: Lg] sea ww J? ow 2 Va Ve (©) Vea @) pq Ans. (a) VM tan ct es? sample 12: If 2 cos @+ sin @= 1, (9 (4k + 1) 2 W) then 7 eos 0+ 6 sind is equal to: @ 12 2 © 12 (a) 461s Ans. (6) © Solution: 2cos @+ sin = 1 => 4 cos? O= (I~ sin 6 => 4(1-sin? 6) = (1- sin 6)? > A(L4 sin = 1 sin = anda 35 As2c0s 0+ sin O= I, we get 0s 0 415 Thus, 7eos @ + 6 sin @= 7[ +) +6{—) 5 oF ‘ample 13: The number of solutions of the equation 109. £10, 2a] is @t (2 3 @o Ans.(b) © Sotuti + 14 sin x= 2 eos x= 2(1 -sin’ 3) > (1+ sin) (1-2 +2 sin.) =0 + sinx=-Lorsinx= 12 But sin x =~ = c08 x= 0. This is not possible Thus, sin y= 122 x= w/6, 5/6, 10, 20] _ PD Bene Leta ae a re Reten 1 w ts 1 w tsasi wo isast casi OF WR” Ans. (a) © Solution: A = (sin? + cose)? —2 sin*y eos*r 1 = 1-4 sin? 2s Now, 0S sin 1 > LL AIExample 18: If 0<.r< mand sin x + 08.1 13 then (a wy) 1(o-vi7) 3 1 © @ 1-8) Ans. () © Solution: 3(1an x + 1) = see « Stan's 9 tnx+4=0 sane 9298-64-98 Ht 8 8 Example 16: Let QO) = (1+ 605 ) (1+ 60830) we © Bray : (04 60:50) (1+ 60870) then J(—2) is qua @ -18 us us @ us Ans.) © Solution: As/(-0 = (0), we evaluate fin) For 8 118,362 2/2 - ni8.50= 272+ x/8 (2) =(1+00s%)(14sin®)(1-sin®)(1 cos AAG) = (treosg](tesing tsi) _G example 17: 11 92 28, and f(0) = cos 04 cos! 30+ cos" 504 cos! 70 then f(s equal to (a) 34 1 (©) 54 @ 32 Ans. (©) © Solution: As in example 16, using 2— mis, 50= nid + n/8,7 —n/8, we get (18) = 2(cos" 8+ sin® 8) (cos? 0 + sin? 0) =5i4 _ A? Brample 1 14 8 yas tee el numbers hen cos" (B~ 7) + 608'(y- a + 08" (a B) 2coxiB ~ 7) cost7- @) C08 (0B) is equal to NO Anas Trigonometrical Ratios, Identities and Equations 22.7 @o wt w-t (4) none of these Ans. (6) © Solution: Put =B- B= 7- a C= a~ Piso thas + 8+ C=0. Now 08? A + 608" B + cos? C2 008 A cos H cos C =1 + cos! A~ sin? B + cos C [eos C~ 2cos A os BI = 1 +605 (A +B) cos (AB) 4.08 C [eos (=A ~ B) cos (A~ B) 08 C [sin A sin B 4 08 A cos BI = 1 4 c08 Cas (4 ~ B) 608 C cos (A ~ B) 0s A cos B] = 19: Number of valves of x €[0, 2] and sat- sfying the equation 08.5 608 2s €03 3x'= 1/4 is (a) 6 () 8 © 20 (a) 24 Ans. (6) © Solution: 2 (2c08 3x €08 9) 608 2x= 1 (08 4x + €08 28) cos 2.c0s 41 c0s 2x = 1-2 cos?2. =~ cos 4x 0s dx (20s 2x + 1) 0s 4x = 0 oF cos. 2 Now cos 4x = 09 d= (2n + I) IB, ne 1 and 0S Qn4 Iri4 2205204158 = n=0,1,2,3 Also, c0s (23) os (27/3) = 2v=2nes2ni3.ne 1 S venntanel Aso 3, 2/3, An/3, SB hus, there are 8 values of x Example 20: Number of values of + € [0,4] and sat- Lis @o 1 2 wa Ans. (©) © Solution: We can write th = cos(x+ Zar 4228 Complete Mathematics JEE Main LEVEL 1 Straight Objective Type Questions (a) 0 (b) 2cos 0 S 7 . 1 Te tan 25° cot 25°” 2 x (©) 2sin8 (@) sin @-cos 6 Ans. (a) oF © Solution: cos (540° ~ 6) = cos (6(n!2) - @) = — cos 0 sin (630° ~ 6) = sin (7(212) ~ ) =~ cos @ sin? 13° sin?.77° tan 135" sin? 77° tan 135° sin? 13°) is equal to © Example 22: 2 sec? a sec’ 2 cosec? a+ cosee! He pau = 15/4 if tan @ is equal to wala aol? an’ 7 a) WE 12 @ -1 0 128 wi @1 oF He Ans. 6) le canctvn Ua g ad sites ea © Solution: The given determinants equal to [1 + tan? a)? — (1 + cot? a?) lsin? 13° cos? 13° -1 seat! a= tant a= 184 Seat tan! r= 4 => tan a= 11 a © Example 23: If the roots of the quadratic equation A See pe =O are tan 30° and tan 15°, then the values of peat 2eq-pis nae re aie =p sin? 13°] =0 3 (0 b> sint3° cost Ans. ©) : : © Solution: tan 30° + tan 15 dl (applying C,-> C1 + C2 CD and tan 30° tan 15°29 sample 26: 1F4= 130° and x= sin A+ 608A, then ee Le tan 452 = 128 30° + tan 15! (a) x>0 (by v0 8 = tan 30° tan 15° (x20 (x20 eer Ans. (@) 4 © Solution: «x= sin 130° +c0s 130° =sin 50° sin40*>0 , 2eq-p=241=3, (sini increasing for 0< x< m2) tan 155*—tan IS? > © Example 24: fan 25° = 5, then ALT MALS — @ Example 27: Ian? 36" + Asin 18° + c08.96") = 5, then qual 0 the value of kis ® wy NS @ ® ~*~ ‘s ws w nS 1+? » t e Aus. (©) OTe oO We © Solution: From the tables, we have ans) : tants Las.= 5 © Sol ° tan 180 25") — tan 0" 4 25) os iy © Te tan (180°— 25°) tan (0° + 25°)si IS ti — Ae trample 28: 1f 82 = “ = 0X _ & then a ; dak be+ ck Tek is equal to (a) (a+4) (b) iat) a k a ©) @ 4 k Ans. (b) © Solution: The given expression is equal to OS x - tan x 1 sinx ae KR tanx +cosx sinx | cosx(1+cosx)+si + sin x(1+cos.x) ail alii 1 =—+ =—+ =—la+—]|. Ee k osinx k ak k a © Example 29: sin? a+ cos? (a+ B) +2 sin asin B cos (@+ B) is independent of (a) @ (b) B (c) both oand B (d) none Ans. (a) © Solution: The given expression is equal to ? of + cos (0+ B) [cos (a+ B) +2 sin asin B] in’ a + cos (a+ B) [cos ocos B + sin @ sin B} = sin’ a+ cos (a+ B) cos (a B) ? of + cos? a sin? B = 1- sin? B= cos? B whi 's independent of a only. Example 30: tan 203° + tan 22° + tan 203° tan 22° = (a) -1 (b) 0 (©) 1 (d) 2 Ans. (©) © Solution: tan (203° + 22°) = 122 203°+tan 22° tan 203° tan 22° tan 203°+tan 22° Trigonom © Example 32 is (a) 9 (©) 27 eC) © Solution: 4 27 tan? 0~ 2 => 27 tan? @ Example 33 tan (a+ B)-21 (a) indepe: (b) indepe: (©) indepe: (d) indepe: Ans. (c) © Solution: si sin(2a+B sin(2a+ B 2sin(a +, 2cos(a+ © Example 34 of @ (a) ISAs (©) 13/16: Ans. (b) © Solution: A Also re © Example 35 between the ma by