History of the United Nations

1 January 1942 || The name "United Nations" is coined

The name "United Nations", coined by United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt was first
used in the Declaration by United Nations of 1 January 1942, during the Second World War,
when representatives of 26 nations pledged their Governments to continue fighting together
against the Axis Powers.
24 October 1945 || The United Nations officially comes into
existence
In 1945, representatives of 50 countries met in San Francisco at the United Nations Conference
on International Organization to draw up the United Nations Charter. Those delegates
deliberated on the basis of proposals worked out by the representatives of China, the Soviet
Union, the United Kingdom and the United States at Dumbarton Oaks, United States in August-
October 1944.

The Charter was signed on 26 June 1945 by the representatives of the 50 countries. Poland,
which was not represented at the Conference, signed it later and became one of the original 51
Member States.

The United Nations officially came into existence on 24 October 1945, when the Charter had
been ratified by China, France, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, the United States and by
a majority of other signatories. United Nations Day is celebrated on 24 October each year.

Countries in the World:

195
There are 195 countries in the world today. This total comprises 193 countries that
are member states of the United Nations and 2 countries that are non-member observer
states: the Holy See and the State of Palestine.

Not in the list

Not included in this total count of 195 countries are:

 Taiwan - the United Nations considers it represented by the People's Republic of

China
 The Cook Islands and Niue, both states in free association with New Zealand which
are members of several UN specialized agencies and have been recognized "full
treaty-making capacity", but are neither member states nor non-member observer
states.
 Dependencies (or dependent territories, dependent areas, dependencies) and Areas
of Special Sovereignty (autonomous territories)
 Other countries recognized by the United Nations as not being self-governing

Of the 195 countries in the world:

  54 countries are in Africa
 48 in Asia
 44 in Europe
 33 in Latin America and the Caribbean
 14 in Oceania
 2 in Northern America

List of countries
Below is the full table of countries ranked by the most populous and showing current
population, share of world population, and land area:

Search:
Population World
# Country
(2018) Share
1 China 1,415,045,928 18.5 %
2 India 1,354,051,854 17.7 %
3 U.S. 326,766,748 4.3 %
4 Indonesia 266,794,980 3.5 %
5 Brazil 210,867,954 2.8 %
6 Pakistan 200,813,818 2.6 %
7 Nigeria 195,875,237 2.6 %
8 Bangladesh 166,368,149 2.2 %
9 Russia 143,964,709 1.9 %
10 Mexico 130,759,074 1.7 %
11 Japan 127,185,332 1.7 %
12 Ethiopia 107,534,882 1.4 %
13 Philippines 106,512,074 1.4 %
14 Egypt 99,375,741 1.3 %
15 Viet Nam 96,491,146 1.3 %
16 DR Congo 84,004,989 1.1 %
17 Germany 82,293,457 1.1 %
18 Iran 82,011,735 1.1 %
19 Turkey 81,916,871 1.1 %
20 Thailand 69,183,173 0.9 %
 Population World
# Country
(2018) Share
21 U.K. 66,573,504 0.9 %
22 France 65,233,271 0.9 %
23 Italy 59,290,969 0.8 %
24 Tanzania 59,091,392 0.8 %
25 South Africa 57,398,421 0.8 %
26 Myanmar 53,855,735 0.7 %
27 South Korea 51,164,435 0.7 %
28 Kenya 50,950,879 0.7 %
29 Colombia 49,464,683 0.6 %
30 Spain 46,397,452 0.6 %
31 Argentina 44,688,864 0.6 %
32 Uganda 44,270,563 0.6 %
33 Ukraine 44,009,214 0.6 %
34 Algeria 42,008,054 0.6 %
35 Sudan 41,511,526 0.5 %
36 Iraq 39,339,753 0.5 %
37 Poland 38,104,832 0.5 %
38 Canada 36,953,765 0.5 %
39 Afghanistan 36,373,176 0.5 %
40 Morocco 36,191,805 0.5 %
41 Saudi Arabia 33,554,343 0.4 %
42 Peru 32,551,815 0.4 %
43 Venezuela 32,381,221 0.4 %
44 Uzbekistan 32,364,996 0.4 %
45 Malaysia 32,042,458 0.4 %
46 Angola 30,774,205 0.4 %
47 Mozambique 30,528,673 0.4 %
48 Nepal 29,624,035 0.4 %
49 Ghana 29,463,643 0.4 %
 Population World
# Country
(2018) Share
50 Yemen 28,915,284 0.4 %
51 Madagascar 26,262,810 0.3 %
52 North Korea 25,610,672 0.3 %
53 Côte d'Ivoire 24,905,843 0.3 %
54 Australia 24,772,247 0.3 %
55 Cameroon 24,678,234 0.3 %
56 Niger 22,311,375 0.3 %
57 Sri Lanka 20,950,041 0.3 %
58 Burkina Faso 19,751,651 0.3 %
59 Romania 19,580,634 0.3 %
60 Malawi 19,164,728 0.3 %
61 Mali 19,107,706 0.3 %
62 Kazakhstan 18,403,860 0.2 %
63 Syria 18,284,407 0.2 %
64 Chile 18,197,209 0.2 %
65 Zambia 17,609,178 0.2 %
66 Guatemala 17,245,346 0.2 %
67 Netherlands 17,084,459 0.2 %
68 Zimbabwe 16,913,261 0.2 %
69 Ecuador 16,863,425 0.2 %
70 Senegal 16,294,270 0.2 %
71 Cambodia 16,245,729 0.2 %
72 Chad 15,353,184 0.2 %
73 Somalia 15,181,925 0.2 %
74 Guinea 13,052,608 0.2 %
75 South Sudan 12,919,053 0.2 %
76 Rwanda 12,501,156 0.2 %
77 Tunisia 11,659,174 0.2 %
78 Belgium 11,498,519 0.2 %
 Population World
# Country
(2018) Share
79 Cuba 11,489,082 0.2 %
80 Benin 11,485,674 0.2 %
81 Burundi 11,216,450 0.1 %
82 Bolivia 11,215,674 0.1 %
83 Greece 11,142,161 0.1 %
84 Haiti 11,112,945 0.1 %
85 Dominican Republic 10,882,996 0.1 %
86 Czech Republic 10,625,250 0.1 %
87 Portugal 10,291,196 0.1 %
88 Sweden 9,982,709 0.1 %
89 Azerbaijan 9,923,914 0.1 %
90 Jordan 9,903,802 0.1 %
91 Hungary 9,688,847 0.1 %
92 United Arab Emirates 9,541,615 0.1 %
93 Belarus 9,452,113 0.1 %
94 Honduras 9,417,167 0.1 %
95 Tajikistan 9,107,211 0.1 %
96 Serbia 8,762,027 0.1 %
97 Austria 8,751,820 0.1 %
98 Switzerland 8,544,034 0.1 %
99 Israel 8,452,841 0.1 %
100 Papua New Guinea 8,418,346 0.1 %
101 Togo 7,990,926 0.1 %
102 Sierra Leone 7,719,729 0.1 %
103 Bulgaria 7,036,848 0.1 %
104 Laos 6,961,210 0.1 %
105 Paraguay 6,896,908 0.1 %
106 Libya 6,470,956 0.1 %
107 El Salvador 6,411,558 0.1 %
 Population World
# Country
(2018) Share
108 Nicaragua 6,284,757 0.1 %
109 Kyrgyzstan 6,132,932 0.1 %
110 Lebanon 6,093,509 0.1 %
111 Turkmenistan 5,851,466 0.1 %
112 Singapore 5,791,901 0.1 %
113 Denmark 5,754,356 0.1 %
114 Finland 5,542,517 0.1 %
115 Slovakia 5,449,816 0.1 %
116 Congo 5,399,895 0.1 %
117 Norway 5,353,363 0.1 %
118 Eritrea 5,187,948 0.1 %
119 State of Palestine 5,052,776 0.1 %
120 Costa Rica 4,953,199 0.1 %
121 Liberia 4,853,516 0.1 %
122 Oman 4,829,946 0.1 %
123 Ireland 4,803,748 0.1 %
124 New Zealand 4,749,598 0.1 %
125 Central African Republic 4,737,423 0.1 %
126 Mauritania 4,540,068 0.1 %
127 Kuwait 4,197,128 0.1 %
128 Croatia 4,164,783 0.1 %
129 Panama 4,162,618 0.1 %
130 Moldova 4,041,065 0.1 %
131 Georgia 3,907,131 0.1 %
132 Bosnia & Herzegovina 3,503,554 0%
133 Uruguay 3,469,551 0%
134 Mongolia 3,121,772 0%
135 Albania 2,934,363 0%
136 Armenia 2,934,152 0%
 Population World
# Country
(2018) Share
137 Jamaica 2,898,677 0%
138 Lithuania 2,876,475 0%
139 Qatar 2,694,849 0%
140 Namibia 2,587,801 0%
141 Botswana 2,333,201 0%
142 Lesotho 2,263,010 0%
143 Gambia 2,163,765 0%
144 TFYR Macedonia 2,085,051 0%
145 Slovenia 2,081,260 0%
146 Gabon 2,067,561 0%
147 Latvia 1,929,938 0%
148 Guinea-Bissau 1,907,268 0%
149 Bahrain 1,566,993 0%
150 Swaziland 1,391,385 0%
151 Trinidad and Tobago 1,372,598 0%
152 Timor-Leste 1,324,094 0%
153 Equatorial Guinea 1,313,894 0%
154 Estonia 1,306,788 0%
155 Mauritius 1,268,315 0%
156 Cyprus 1,189,085 0%
157 Djibouti 971,408 0%
158 Fiji 912,241 0%
159 Comoros 832,347 0%
160 Bhutan 817,054 0%
161 Guyana 782,225 0%
162 Montenegro 629,219 0%
163 Solomon Islands 623,281 0%
164 Luxembourg 590,321 0%
165 Suriname 568,301 0%
 Population World
# Country
(2018) Share
166 Cabo Verde 553,335 0%
167 Maldives 444,259 0%
168 Brunei 434,076 0%
169 Malta 432,089 0%
170 Bahamas 399,285 0%
171 Belize 382,444 0%
172 Iceland 337,780 0%
173 Barbados 286,388 0%
174 Vanuatu 282,117 0%
175 Sao Tome & Principe 208,818 0%
176 Samoa 197,695 0%
177 Saint Lucia 179,667 0%
178 Kiribati 118,414 0%
179 St. Vincent & Grenadines 110,200 0%
180 Tonga 109,008 0%
181 Grenada 108,339 0%
182 Micronesia 106,227 0%
183 Antigua and Barbuda 103,050 0%
184 Seychelles 95,235 0%
185 Andorra 76,953 0%
186 Dominica 74,308 0%
187 Saint Kitts & Nevis 55,850 0%
188 Marshall Islands 53,167 0%
189 Monaco 38,897 0%
190 Liechtenstein 38,155 0%
191 San Marino 33,557 0%
192 Palau 21,964 0%
193 Nauru 11,312 0%
194 Tuvalu 11,287 0%
 Population World
# Country
(2018) Share
195 Holy See 801 0%
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120th Philippine Independence Day

June 12, 2018

Section 1 of Republic Act No. 4166, entitled, “An Act Changing the Date of Philippine Independence Day
from July Four to June Twelve, and Declaring July Four as Philippine Republic Day, Further Amending for
the Purpose Section Twenty-Nine of the Revised Administrative Code “, the 12th day of June as the
Philippine Independence Day, and all the citizens of the Philippines are enjoined to observe such day with
rites befitting Independence Day.

Trivia About
Disasters that Hit the
Philippines (Causes
and Effects)
Why does natural calamities happen? What could be its causes
and effects to human life and to the environment?
Natural disasters have direct effect on lives of people, whether it
may be physical or emotional in sense. In recent time, Philippines
has encountered natural disasters that came with great frequency
and strength. Disasters like volcanic eruption, earthquakes and
typhoons are just examples of natural calamities that hit the
Philippines over time and caused great loss to Filipinos.
During the pre- history, the Ancestral Mount Pinatubo erupted but
it is less- explosive than the modern Mount Pinatubo. The Mount
Pinatubo was reawakened in 1990, producing the second largest
eruption in the 20th century. It was then followed by milder
eruptions in 1992 and 1993, which caused number of deaths and
destruction of infrastructures.
Another volcanic eruption that left a mark to the Philippines was
the Mayon Volcano eruption. The most destructive eruption of
Mayon occurred on February 1, 1814. Trees were burned and
rivers were certainly damaged. Proximate areas were also
devastated by the eruption, with ash accumulating to 30 ft. in
depth. In Albay, a total of 2, 200 locals perished in what is
considered to be the most lethal eruption in Mayon’s history.
While the most active volcano in the Central Philippines, Mt.
Kanlaon has erupted 26 times since 1919. Eruptions were
typically phreatic explosions of small- to- moderate size produce
minor ash falls near the volcano.
The Taal Volcano eruption, 1572 to 1977 and 1991, its series of
eruptions created a Caldera Lake for a long time, showing signs of
unrest since, and it is permanently monitored.
Eruptions have also destroyed numerous lakeside towns, burying
them with volcanic ash or submerged them by rising lake waters
displaced by the erupted material. Lipa, Taal, Sala, Bauan and
Tanauan were formerly located at Taal Lake. Presently, only three
towns are on the lake’s shore. Remnants of the old lakeside towns
are reported to be seen under the lake’s water.
Another natural disaster that never spared Philippines is
earthquake. Earthquake is caused by the collision of tectonic
plates and volcanic eruptions.
On August 16, 1976, recorded the strongest earthquake that has a
magnitude of 7.9, occurred in Moro Gulf. 4, 791 were reported
dead, 2 288 were missing and 9, 928 were injured.
Also, an intensity X struck Luzon on July 14- 24, 1880. The quake
caused severe damaged in Luzon, most significantly in Manila
where a lot of buildings collapsed.
Recently, a 7.2 magnitude earthquake hit Bohol and Cebu on
October 15 at 8:12 a.m. According to the National Disaster Risk
Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC), 222 were dead,
8 were missing and 976 people were injured. In all, more than
73,000 structures were damaged, of which more than 14, 500 were
totally destroyed.
The Bohol and Cebu earthquake was the deadliest earthquake in
the Philippines in 23 years. The energy released by the quake was
equivalent to 32 Hiroshima bombs. Previously, Bohol was also hit
by an earthquake on February 8, 1990 that damaged several
buildings.
Another natural calamity that is the most common of all the
natural disasters that hit Philippines is typhoon, of about 20 major
storms a year.
The most destructive typhoon recorded was the September 1881
typhoon that killed 20, 000 people. Next is typhoon Haiyan, also
known as Yolanda in the Philippines last November 7- 8, 2013
that killed 6, 241 people. Also typhoon Pablo last December 2- 9,
2012 that killed 1,901 people.
But among the typhoon that struck Philippines, Yolanda was the
deadliest. Yolanda was the strongest tropical cyclone to ever make
landfall at 195 miles per hour. Number of people affected were 12.
9 million and 6, 241 were dead. 1.9 million people were left
homeless and 575, 378 people were outside evacuation centers. 70
to 80 percent, amount of area destroyed in the storm’s path and
281, 091 homes were damaged.
Deadly. Devastating. Destructive. Words than can perfectly suit
natural calamities that hit the Philippines over time. But we can
still save ourselves, we can still lessen these occurrences, which
not only killed thousands of people but also killed the future
generations. Let us start today, let us do our part as a citizen of
this country. We can change the world and make it a better place
to live in, if only we respect and protect our environment, and
appreciate God’s creation.

1. In what year did President Emilio Aguinaldo proclaim Philippine

independence?
Answer: 1898 President Aguinaldo proclaimed Philippine independence from Spanish
rule on June 12, 1898.

2. The declaration of Philippine independence took place in what town?

Answer: Kawit, Cavite It was at Emilio Aguinaldo's ancestral house (now the Aguinaldo Shrine)
in Kawit where he, in the presence of a huge crowd, declared the country's independence from Spain.
3. Who among the following make the Philippine flag that was raised
on June 12, 1898?
 Answer: Marcela Agoncillo, her daughter Lorenza, and Dr. Jose Rizal's niece Delfina
Herbosa hand-sewed the Philippine flag in Hong Kong.

4. Who authored the "Act of the Declaration of Philippine Independence"

that was read on June 12, 1898?
 Answer: Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista The Declaration, was prepared and
written by Bautista in Spanish. He patterned after the American Declaration of
Independence.

5. Trueor False. Independence Day in the Philippines was previously

celebrated every July 4.
 Answer: True On July 4, 1946, the United States formally granted the Philippines its
independence after World War II. Every year thereafter, July 4 had been recognized as the
country's Independence Day, with June 12 celebrated as Flag Day. But in 1962, President
Diosdado Macapagal issued Proclamation No. 28, declaring June 12, 1962 as a special
public holiday to celebrate Philippine Independence Day. Republic Act 4166, signed by
Macapagal in August 1964, formally moved the celebration of Independence Day to June
12.
 HEALTH AND HYGIENE KIT
OF
GWYNETH ANGIELA L. MEJIA
GRADE 5 PONCAN