GRADE

11
DISCPLINE AND
IDEAS IN SOCIAL
SCIENCES

Lesson 4: SOCIAL
IDEAS OF FILIPINO
THINKERS STARTING FROM
ISABELO DE LOS REYES,
JOSE RIZAL AND OTHER
FILIPINO INTELLECTUALS

Prepared by:
MS. JUDY ANN T.
FLORES
Saint Paul School of Buug
DISS Teaher
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Hello, my dear Paulinian!

St. Paul School of Buug warmly welcomes you to this unique SY 2020-2021. This is different from the traditional
way of learning in a traditional classroom, for we will be conducting our class in a remote/distant way of teaching &
learning according to the learning modality that you have chosen, for our safety and well-being as we protect ourselves
from this COVID 19 pandemic. Please know that Face to Face teaching and learning will only happen if and when our
local DOH, IATF and LGU would already allow us to do so. Meanwhile, SPSB is offering you iPAUL (inclusive Paulinian
Adaptive Unimpeded Learning).

I am _________. I will be your teacher in _________. You may contact me at 09____________ or FB Messenger
__________ or email me at ___________, from Monday to Friday EXCEPT WEDNESDAY at 3:00-4:30 pm ONLY. While I
will be making every effort to respond to your queries as soon as possible, but be sure to contact me only on this
specified time allotment for Consultation. I hope and pray that you are safe and in good health at home.

This learning packet/module is designed to help you find your way through this subject. This will guide you on
what to do in your remote/distance learning. The Learning Packet/Module will be sent to you through FB Messenger or
emailed to you or picked up from the Principal’s Office on our agreed day & time. You will be notified when will be next
set of learning packet/module ready for you. Likewise, you are expected to submit your accomplished tasks/activities/
worksheets on our scheduled day & time. For hard copy, your submitted works/requirements must be put inside an
envelope properly labeled with your Name, Grade Level & Section. These shall be the basis for your Attendance &
Participation in assessing how much you have learned and thus, basis for your Grade.

Hand in hand with this Learning Packet/Module, you are required to have your own Textbook in this subject.
Please get your textbook from your Class Adviser.

Be reminded also that our lessons this school year shall follow the given MELCs of DepEd. Therefore as we go through
our lessons, the pages in your textbook might not follow how it is presented in its table of contents.

Still basing on DepEd Order No. 8, s. 2015, assessment will be modified using the following (until such a new
guideline from the Department of Education is given):

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 As Paulinians, you are expected to attain the following Life Performance Outcomes:

 Mindful, self-directed LEARNERS & ROLE MODELS

 Courageous, resourceful EXPLORERS & PROBLEM SOLVERS
 Credible, responsive COMMUNICATORS & TEAM PLAYERS
 Conscientious, adept PERFORMERS & ACHIEVERS, and
 Caring committed ADVOCATES for PEACE and UNIVERSAL WELL-BEING

Aside from academic competence, equally important areas to be developed among you are DISCIPLINE and VALUES
FORMATION. Conduct and effort go beyond the limits of any school set-up. However, given the nature of iPAUL,
Conduct will emphasize (online) behavior, specifically important digital citizenship skills and dispositions such as
netiquette, respect, and academic integrity (offline & online). On the other hand, Effort is seen through the quality of
work and consistency in performing the assigned tasks.

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LIFE PERFORMANCE OUTCOME:
LPO: Caring, Committed ADVOCATES for Peace and Universal Well-Being

PROGRAM OUTCOME:
Describe the major economic, political, social, and environmental challenges that
they and millions of Filipinos face in leading productive, fulfilling lives, and develop
viable alternatives for addressing them

CONTENT STANDARD:
ESSENTIAL PERFORMANCE OUTCOME:
The learners demonstrate an understanding of:
EPO8: Willingly share responsibilities and participate actively in fostering group
 key concepts in the Social Sciences rooted in Filipino language/s and
collegiality, cohesion, and effectiveness
experiences

PERFORMANCE STANDARD:
The learners:
 carry out an exploration of personal and social experiences using indigenous
concepts

LEARNING COMPETENCY:
*Examine the social ideas of Filipino thinkers starting from Isabelo de los Reyes,
Jose Rizal and other Filipino intellectuals
*Value the role of interpersonal relations in Philippine culture
.*Evaluate the person’s personality using the core values of Sikolohiyang Pilipino

INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOME:

The learners will be able to articulate observations on human cultural variations,
social differences, social change, and political identities.

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 Pre-Test

Activity1.

Activity2.

Activity3.

SELF EVALUATION

Post-Test

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I. Concept Mapping

Who is a Social
Thinker ?

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Time Frame
Day: Monday-Friday
Note: Please Pass as soon as you finish
the Activity Worksheets prior to the
weeks given.

INTRODUCTION

The social sciences are vast fields of study. In the Philippines, the frameworks,
concepts, theories, and methodologies that are studied and applied in the social sciences
were all adopted from Western scholars and European literatures. Because of the dominance
of western knowledge on the social sciences, there is a need to study the Phillippine social
sciences, particularly, Filipino social philosophy, values, culture, society, and psychology from
the Filipino perspective. This chapter studies the development of Filipino Social thoughts and
thinking introduced by famous Filipinos, namely Jose Rizal, Apolinario Mabini, Isabelo de los
Reyes, and Claro M. Recto. It will also Explain the Institute of Philippine Culture's study on
Philippine values. It also Examines the major indigenous social science frameworks that
promote a Filipino perspective in the study of psychology, society, culture, and history.
Chapter discusses the basic assumptions and concepts introduced by SIkolohiyang Pilipino,
Pilipinolohiya, and the Pantayong Pananaw.

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Lesson 1

Jose Rizal

(born June 19, 1861, Calamba, Philippines—died December 30, 1896, Manila),
patriot, physician, and man of letters who was an inspiration to the Philippine nationalist
movement.
The son of a prosperous landowner, Rizal was educated in Manila and at
the University of Madrid. A brilliant medical student, he soon committed himself to the
reform of Spanish rule in his home country, though he never advocated Philippine
independence. Most of his writing was done in Europe, where he resided between 1882
and 1892.
In 1887 Rizal published his first novel, Noli me tangere (The Social Cancer), a
passionate exposure of the evils of Spanish rule in the Philippines. A sequel, El
filibusterismo (1891; The Reign of Greed), established his reputation as the leading
spokesman of the Philippine reform movement. He published an annotated edition
(1890; reprinted 1958) of Antonio Morga’s Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, hoping to
show that the native people of the Philippines had a long history before the coming of
the Spaniards. He became the leader of the Propaganda Movement, contributing
numerous articles to its newspaper, La Solidaridad, published in Barcelona. Rizal’s
political program included integration of the Philippines as a province of Spain,
representation in the Cortes (the Spanish parliament), the replacement of Spanish friars
by Filipino priests, freedom of assembly and expression, and equality of Filipinos and
Spaniards before the law.
Rizal returned to the Philippines in 1892. He founded a nonviolent-reform society,
the Liga Filipina, in Manila, and was deported to Dapitan in northwest Mindanao. He
remained in exile for the next four years. In 1896 the Katipunan, a Filipino nationalist
secret society, revolted against Spain. Although he had no connections with that
organization and he had had no part in the insurrection, Rizal was arrested and tried
for sedition by the military. Found guilty, he was publicly executed by a firing squad in
Manila. His martyrdom convinced Filipinos that there was no alternative to
independence from Spain. On the eve of his execution, while confined in Fort Santiago,
Rizal wrote “Último adiós” (“Last Farewell”), a masterpiece of 19th-century Spanish
verse.

Apolinario Mabini y Maranan

(July 23, 1864 – May 13, 1903) was a Filipino revolutionary
leader, educator, lawyer, and statesman who served first as a legal and constitutional
adviser to the Revolutionary Government, and then as the first Prime Minister of the
Philippines upon the establishment of the First Philippine Republic. He is regarded as
the "utak ng himagsikan" or "brain of the revolution".
Two of his works, El Verdadero Decalogo (The True Decalogue, June 24, 1898),
and Programa Constitucional dela Republica Filipina (The Constitutional Program of the

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Philippine Republic, 1898) became instrumental in the drafting of what would eventually
be known as the Malolos Constitution.[2]
Mabini performed all his revolutionary and governmental activities despite having lost
the use of both his legs to polio[3] shortly before the Philippine Revolution of 1896.
Mabini's role in Philippine history saw him confronting first Spanish colonial rule
in the opening days of the Philippine Revolution, and then American colonial rule in the
days of the Philippine–American War. The latter saw Mabini captured and exiled to
Guam by American colonial authorities, allowed to return only two months before his
eventual death in May 1903.
Apolinario Mabini was born on July 23, 1864[1] in Barangay
Talaga in Tanauan, Batangas.[4] He was the second of eight children of Dionisia
Maranan y Magpantay, a vendor in the Tanauan market, and Inocencio Leon Mabini y
Lira, an illiterate peasant.[5]
In 1881 Mabini received a scholarship to go to the Colegio de San Juan de
Letran in Manila. An anecdote about his stay there says that a professor there decided
to pick on him because his shabby clothing clearly showed he was poor. Mabini amazed
the professor by answering a series of very difficult questions with ease. His studies at
Letran were periodically interrupted by a chronic lack of funds, and he earned money for
his board and lodging by teaching children.[5]
Law Studies
Mabini's mother had wanted him to enter the priesthood, but his desire to defend
the poor made him decide to study law instead. [4] A year after receiving his Bachiller en
Artes with highest honors and the title Professor of Latin from Letran, he moved on to
the University of Santo Tomas, where he received his law degree in 1894.[4][5]
Comparing Mabini's generation of Filipino intellectuals to the previous one
of Jose Rizal and the other members of the propagandista movement, Journalist
and National Artist of the Philippines for Literature Nick Joaquin describes Mabini's
generation as the next iteration in the evolution of Filipino intellectual development: [6]
Europe had been a necessary catalyst for the generation of Rizal. By the time of
Mabini, the Filipino intellectual had advanced beyond the need for enlightenment
abroad[....] The very point of Mabini’s accomplishment is that all his schooling, all his
training, was done right here in his own country. The argument of Rizal’s generation
was that Filipinos were not yet ready for self-government because they had too little
education and could not aspire for more in their own country. The evidence of Mabini’s
generation was that it could handle the affairs of government with only the education it
had acquired locally. It no longer needed Europe; it had imbibed all it needed of Europe.
[6]

Mabini joined the Guild of Lawyers after graduation, but he did not choose to practice
law in a professional capacity. He did not set up his own law office, and instead
continued to work in the office of a notary public. [6]

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 Instead, Mabini put his knowledge of law to much use during the days of the
Philippine Revolution and the Filipino-American war. Joaquin notes that all his
contributions to Philippine history somehow involved the law:
"His was a legal mind. He was interested in law as an idea, as an ideal[...] whenever he
appears in our history he is arguing a question of legality.

What Social Ideas did Isabelo De Los Reyes introduce?

Isabelo de los Reyes y Florentino, also known as Don Belong (July 7, 1864 –

October 10, 1938), was a prominent Filipino politician, writer and labor activist in the
19th and 20th centuries. He was the original founder of the Iglesia Filipina
Independiente, an independent Philippine national church. He is now known as the
"Father of Philippine Folklore", the "Father of the Philippine Labor Movement", [1] and the
"Father of Filipino Socialism".[2]

As a young man, de los Reyes followed his mother's footsteps by initially turning
to writing as a career; his works were part of the 1887 Exposicion General de las Islas
Filipinas in Madrid.[3]:258 He later became a journalist, editor, and publisher in Manila, and
was imprisoned in 1897 for revolutionary activities. He was deported to the Kingdom of
Spain, where he was jailed for his activities until 1898. While living and working
in Madrid, he was influenced by the writings of European socialists and Marxists.

Returning to the Philippines in 1901, de los Reyes founded the first labor union in
the country. He also was active in seeking independence from the United States. After
serving in the Philippine Senate in the 1920s, he settled into private life and religious
writing. de los Reyes wrote on diverse topics in history, folk-lore, language, politics, and
religion.[3]:255 He had a total of 27 children with three successive wives; he survived all
his wives and 12 of his children.

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 Claro Mayo Recto

Claro Mayo Recto Jr. (born Claro Recto y Mayo; February 8, 1890 – October

2, 1960) was a Filipino statesman, jurist, poet and one of the foremost statesmen of his
generation. He is remembered for his nationalism, for "the impact of his patriotic
convictions on modern political thought"

Recto launched his political career as a legal adviser to the first Philippine

Senate in 1916. In 1919, he was elected representative from the second district
of Batangas. He served as minority floor leader for several years until 1925. His grasp
of parliamentary procedures won him the accolades of friends and adversaries alike.
Recto traveled to the United States as a member of the Independence Mission
and was admitted to the American Bar in 1924. Upon his return, he founded the Partido
Democrata.
In 1928, Recto temporarily retired from active politics and dedicated himself to
the practice and teaching of law. Soon thereafter, however, he found the world of
academia restrictive and soporific. Although he still engaged in the practice of law, he
resigned from his teaching job in 1931 and reentered politics. He ran and won a senate
seat and was subsequently elected majority floor leader in 1934. He was
appointed Associate Justice of the Supreme Court in July 3, 1935 – November 1, 1936
by President Franklin Delano Roosevelt.
As a jurist, he debated against U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower's Attorney
General Herbert Brownell Jr. on the question of U.S. ownership of military bases in the
Philippines,[7] a question that remained unresolved for 40 years.
Recto presided over the assembly that drafted the Philippine Constitution in
1934–35 in accordance with the provisions of the Tydings–McDuffie Act and a
preliminary step to independence and self-governance after a 10-year transitional
period. The Tydings–McDuffie Act was written to replace the Hare–Hawes–Cutting
Act which, through the urging of Manuel L. Quezon, was rejected by the Philippine
Senate. The original bill would have allowed the indefinite retention of U.S. military and
naval bases in the Philippines and the American imposition of high tariff and quotas on
Philippine exports such as sugar and coconut oil. After amendments, the Tydings–
McDuffie bill was passed and signed into law by President Roosevelt.
Together with then-Senate President Quezon, who later was elected first
president of the Commonwealth of the Philippines, Recto personally presented the
Commonwealth Constitution to U.S. President Roosevelt. The consensus among many
political scholars of today judges the 1935 Constitution as the best-written Philippine
charter ever. Its author was mainly Claro M. Recto.
In 1941, Recto ran and reaped the highest number of votes among the 24
elected senators. He was re-elected in 1949 as a Nacionalista Party candidate and
again in 1955 as a guest candidate of the Liberal Party.
Recto served as Commissioner of Education (1942–43), Minister of Foreign
Affairs (1943–44), and Cultural Envoy with the rank of Ambassador on a cultural
mission to Europe and Latin America (1960).
In the 1953 and 1955 elections, Recto denounced the influence and coercion of
the Catholic Church on voters' decisions—the Philippines having a 90% Catholic

P a g e | 11
majority at the time. In a 1958 article in "The Lawyer's Journal," Recto suggested a
constitutional amendment to make the article on Separation of Church and State clearer
and more definitive. He also argued against the teaching of religion in public schools.
Recto foresaw the demands of a fast-moving global economy and the challenges
it would pose to his nation. In a memorable speech on the eve of the  1957 presidential
election when he ran against then President Carlos Garcia, he petitioned all sectors of
society, and following the example of Rizal, implored Philippine youth:[8]
The first task to participate seriously in the economic development of our country
(is to) pursue those professions for which there is a great need during an era of rapid
industrialization. Only a nationalistic administration can inspire a new idealism in our
youth, and with its valid economic program make our youth respond to the challenging
jobs and tasks demanding full use of their talents and energies.

P a g e | 12
Name: ____________________________ Date:_______
Name:
Grade & ____________________________
Section: _____________________ Date:_______
Remarks:________
Grade & Section: _____________________ Remarks:________
Date of Accomplishments needed:
Date of Accomplishments needed:

Document Analysis
Document Mabini
Apolinario Analysis
“To the young
Pages Women
144-146of Malolos”
Pages 144-146

Questions Answer
Questions
1. What type of the document is Answer
1.this
What type of the document is
2. Whothiswrote the document?
3.2. who
Whoiswrote the document?
the intended audience of
3.thewho is the
document? intended audience of
the document?
4. What is the historical context
4.behind
What isthethe historical What
document? context
do
behind
you knowthe document?
about What do
the document?
you know about the document?
5. Why was the document written
5. Why was the document written

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Complete the data retrieval chart to understand the social philosophies of Jose
Rizal, Apolinario Mabini, Isabelo de los Reyes, and Claro M. Recto.

JOSE RIZAL APOLINARIO Claro M. Recto

Criteria MABINI ISABELO DELOS
Initial – Revised – Final Guide REYES
BackgroundRead of the
the outcomes above and fill out the Initial column on the table below (Initial-Revised-Final Guid
social thinker
Write your expectations on what you will become based on the program outcome, essential performa
outcome, intended learning outcomes, and applied performance commitment.
Social and Political
thoughts by the social
thinker
Major works and/or
contribution to
Filipino society and
development the
indigeno social
scienc

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 Criteria
Background of the
social thinker

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 Direction: Write a Check mark
(/) in the circle if and only if
you have completely answered
the following activities.

Pre-Test

Activity1.

Activity2.

Activity3.

Activity4. SELF EVALUATION

Post Test

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Online Rsources
http://anthropology.unt.edu
http://writingcenter.unc.edu/handouts/political-science/
Political Science. (n.d.). The American Heritage® New Dictionary of
Cultural Literacy, Third Edition. Retrieved March 22, 2016 from
Dictionary.com website http://www.dictionary.com/browse/political-
science

Other Resources
Contreras, A. 2015. Personal Conversation, Feb 20.
Erasga, DS. 2016. Selfieying: A Universal Culture or Culture Universal
Conference paper. 44th Annual Conference of the Canadian
Sociological Association, May 27-June 3, 2016, University of British
Columbia, Ottawa, Canada.
Mills, C.W. 1959. The Sociological Imagination. London: Oxford Universily
Press.

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