AC Motor

Water Valve Coil

LCD 16x2

3.1 AC Motor

The three-phase AC induction washing machine drive responds to the new market demands for
higher performing appliances. The aim is to provide maximum drive performance at a
competitive price, served particularly well by Freescale Semiconductor's recently introduced
56F801x family of hybrid digital signal processor/microcontroller (DSP/MCU) embedded
controllers. An example drive design based on the MC56F8013 offers the product designer
plenty of computing power with advanced peripherals at a very good price/performance ratio.
The most important features of the drive include:

• Three-phase AC induction motor

• Cost-efficient tachogenerator on motor shaft for speed sensing

• Indirect vector control algorithm

• Speed range 0 - 20000 RPM (motor speed), 0 - 2000 RPM (drum speed)
• Reconstruction of three-phase currents from DC-bus shunt resistor
• Non-recuperative braking and deceleration control
• Loss-minimizing control
• Over-current, over-voltage and under-voltage protection
• Out-of-balance detection for spin dry
• Serial RS232 control interface

3.2 Water Valve Coil

Normally water connot enter the washer unless the inlet mixing valve solenoids
are energized (see Fill under Proper Operation). However, if foreign particles get past the
 filters, they can become lodged in the tiny valve orifice and prevent the metal plunger
stem from seating. Water will then flow through the valve whether the washer power is
on or off. Automatic washers are normally left unattended. Water flow during a wash
cycle can lodge the foreign particle in the valve, causing the water to continue to flow
throughout all of the cycle functions and after the washer has stopped. The tub will fill
and then overflow. The only way to stop it is to turn off both water faucets connected to
the inlet hoses.

Figure: Water Valve

3.3 LCD 16x2

A liquid-crystal display (LCD) is a flat-panel display or other electronic

visual display that uses the light-modulating properties of liquid crystal. Liquid crystals do
not emit light directly. The LCDs have a parallel interface, meaning that the microcontroller
has to manipulate several interface pins at once to control the display.
LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) screen is an electronic display module and find a wide
range of applications. A 16×2 LCD display is very basic module and is very commonly used
 in various devices and circuits. These modules are preferred over seven segments and other
multi segment LEDs.
The modules are preferred over seven segments and other multi segment LEDs. The
reasons being; LCDs are economical; easily programmable; have no limitation of displaying
special & even custom characters (unlike in seven segments), animations and so on.
A 16×2 LCD means it can display 16 characters per line and there are 2 such lines. In this
LCD each character is displayed in 5×7 pixel matrix. This LCD has two registers, namely,
Command and Data. The command register stores the command instructions given to the
LCD.
A command is an instruction given to LCD to do a predefined task like initializing it,
clearing its screen, setting the cursor position, controlling display etc. The data register stores
the data to be displayed on the LCD. The data is the ASCII value of the character to be
displayed on the LCD.
LCDs can be controlled in two modes: 4-bit or 8-bit. The 4-bit mode requires
seven I/O pins from the Arduino, while the 8-bit mode requires 11pins.

Figure: LCD 16x2