Section A

Bahagian A
[60 marks]
[60 markah]
Answer all questions in this section.
Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini.

1. Table 1 shows the number of protons and neutrons for atoms W, X, Y, and Z.
Jadual 1 menunjukkan bilangan proton dan neutron bagi atom W, X, Y dan Z.

Atom Number of protons Number of neutrons

Atom Bilangan proton Bilangan neutron
W 8 9
X 8 10
Y 12 12
Z 11 12
Table 1/ Rajah 1

(a) (i) What is meant by nucleon number?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan nombor nukleon?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………….……………………………
[1 mark/ 1 markah]
(ii) What is the nucleon number of atom W?
Apakah nombor nukleon bagi atom W?

..…………………………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 mark/ 1 markah]
(b) Write the atom Z in standard representation.
Tuliskan atom Z dalam bentuk perwakilan piawai.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 mark/ 1 markah]
(c) (i) Write the electron arrangement of atom Y.
Tuliskan susunan elektron bagi atom Y.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark/ 1 markah]
(ii) What is the number of valence electrons in atom Y?
Apakah bilangan elektron valens bagi atom Y?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark/ 1 markah]
(d) Which atoms are isotopes? Explain why.
 Atom-atom manakah adalah isotop? Jelaskan mengapa.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
[2 marks/ 2 markah]

(e) Solid Q is a compound of element W. solid Q has melting point of 85oC and boiling point
of 150oC. Aboiling tube containing solid Q is heated at room temperature until 180oC.
Pepejal Q ialah satu sebatian daripada unsur W. pepejal Q mempunyai takat lebur pada
85 oC dan takat didih pada 150 oC. Sebuah tabung didih yang mengandungi pepejal Q
telah dipanaskan daripada suhu bilik sehingga 180 oC.

(i) Sketch a graph of temperature against time during the heating.

Lakarkan graf suhu melawan masa semasa pemanasan tersebut.

[2 marks/ 2 markah]

(ii) Draw the arrangement of particles of substance Q at 50oC.

Lukiskan susunan zarah-zarah bahan Q pada 50oC

[1 mark/ 1 markah]
2. Diagram 2 shows the position of several elements P, Q, R, S, T, U, V and W
Rajah 2 menunujukkan kedudukan beberapa unsur-unsur P, Q, R, S, T, U, V and W.
 Diagram 2/ Rajah 2

a) Using the symbols P, Q, R, S, T, U, V and W, answer the following questions.

Dengan menggunakan simbol P, Q, R, S, T, U, V dan W, jawab soalan-soalan berikut.

(i) Which of the elements has the biggest atomic radius?

Unsur yang manakah mempunyai jejari atom paling besar?

…...……………………………….…………………………………………………………
[1 mark/ 1 markah]

(ii) Compare the electronegativity of elements Q and U.

Bandingkan keelektronegatifan bagi Q dan U.

…..………………………………………..…………………………………………………
[1 mark/ 1 markah]

(iii) Explain your answer in (b)(ii).

Terang jawapan anda di (b)(ii).

…..……………………………………………………………………………………..……

..……………………………………………..………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………
[2 marks/ 2 markah]

(iv) Write the electron arrangement of ion Q.

Tuliskan susunan elektron bagi ion Q.

..…………………………………………………….………………….………….............
[1 mark/ 1 markah]

(v) Why is W chemically unreactive?

Mengapakah W tidak reaktif secara kimia
 …....…………………………………………………………………..……………………..
[1 mark/ 1 markah]

(vi) Draw a diagram to show the bonding formed in the compound from the combination
between elements T and V.
Lukiskan rajah untuk menunjukkan ikatan yang terbentuk dalam sebatian dari
penggabungan antara unsur-unsur T dan V.

[2 marks/ 2 markah]

(vii) Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between element Q and oxygen
gas
Tuliskan persamaan kimia seimbang bagi tindak balas di antara unsur Q dengan gas
oksigen.

…...
………………………………………………………………………………………….. [2
marks/ 2 markah]

3. Diagram 3 shows a voltaic cell. Copper is below zinc in Electrochemical Series.

Rajah 3 menunjukkan sel voltan. Kuprum berada di bawah zink dalam Siri Elektrokimia.
 Kuprum
Z Pasu Berliang
i
Larutan Zink Sulfat n
k Larutan Kuprum (II) Sulfat

Diagram 3
Rajah 3

(a) What is the function of Porous Pot?

Apakah fungsi Pasu Berliang?

…………………..…………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark/ 1 markah]
(b) On Diagram 3,
Pada Rajah 3

(i) mark the positive terminal (+) and negative terminal (-) this cell.
tandakan terminal positif (+) dan terminal negatif (-) sel ini.

[1 mark/ 1 markah]

(ii) draw arrow to indicate the direction of the flow of the electron in the external circuit.
lukis anak panah untuk menunjukkan arah aliran elektron dalam litar luar.

[1 mark/ 1 markah]

(c) Write the half equation for the reaction at

Tulis persamaan setengah bagi tindak balas pada

(i) zinc electrode

elektrod zink

…………………………………………………………………………………………...
[1 mark/ 1 markah]

(ii) copper electrode

elektrod kuprum

…………………………………………………………………………………………...
[1 mark/ 1 markah]

(d) State two observations from this experiment

Nyatakan dua pemerhatian daripada eksperimen ini
 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
[2 marks/ 2 markah]

(e) State the energy changing in this cell

Nyatakan perubahan tenaga dalam sel ini.

…………………..…………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark/ 1 markah]

(f) Voltmeter reading for the zinc metal and copper metal is 1.1 V.
Bacaan voltmeter bagi logam zink dan logam kuprum adalah 1.1 V.

(i) If zinc metal is replaced with magnesium, predict the voltmeter reading obtained.
Jika logam zink digantikan dengan magnesium, ramalkan bacaan voltan yang
diperoleh.

…………………..…………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark/ 1 markah]

(ii) Explain your answer in (f)(i)

Terangkan jawapan anda dalam (f)(i)

…………………..…………………………………………………………………………..

…………………..…………………………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark/ 1 markah]

4. Table shows the information about four solutions; P, Q, R and S. P, Q, R and S may be acid or
alkali.
Jadual menunjukkan maklumat tentang empat larutan P, Q, R dan S. Larutan P, Q, R dan S
mungkin asid atau alkali.

Solution Information pH value

Larutan Maklumat Nilai pH
P Ionised completely in water 2
Mengion lengkap dalam air
Q Ionised partially in water 6
Mengion separa lengkap dalam air
R Ionised completely in water 13
Mengion lengkap dalam air
S Ionised partially in water 8
Mengion separa lengkap dalam air
Table / Jadual
(a) State the meaning of alkali.
Nyatakan maksud alkali.

…………………..…………………………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark/ 1 markah]
(b) Based on Table state the
Berdasarkan Jadual, nyatakan

(i) strong alkali / alkali kuat : …………………………………………………….

(ii) weak acid / asid lemah : …………………………………………………….

[2 marks/2 markah]

(c) Your given a bottle of solution X.

Anda diberikan satu botol larutan X.

Describe a chemical test to prove the solution X is an acid.

Huraikan satu ujian kimia untuk membuktikan larutan X ialah suatu asid.

…………………..…………………………………………………………………………..

…………………..…………………………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………………………
[3 marks/ 3 markah]

(d)(i) Diagram below shows two volumetric flasks; A and B containing sodium hydroxide
solution.
 Rajah di bawah menunjukkan dua kelalang volumetrik; A dan B yang mengandungi
larutan natrium hidroksida.

+ 250 cm3 distilled water

+ 250 cm3 air suling

500 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 sodium 750 cm3 sodium hydroxide
hydroxide solution solution
500 cm3 larutan natrium hidroksida 1.0 750 cm3 larutan natrium
mol dm-3 hidroksida

A B
Diagram / Rajah

Calculate the concentration of sodium hydroxide solution in volumetric flask B in mol

dm-3.
Hitung kepekatan larutan natrium hidroksida dalam kelalang volumetrik B dalam mol
dm-3.

[2marks/2 markah]

(ii) Write a chemical equation for the reaction between sodium hydroxide and
hydrochloric acid.
Tulis persamaan tindak balas bagi tindak balas antara natrium hidroksida dan asid
hidroklorik
…………………………………………………………………………………………

[2marks/2 markah]

5. The following information is about the compound C4H9OH.

Maklumat berikut adalah mengenai sebatian C4H9OH.

 Volatile
Meruap
  Undergoes combustion
Mengalami pembakaran

 A member of a homologous
Ahli suatu siri homolog

(a) What is the name of this compound?

Apakah nama bagi sebatian ini?

…………………..…………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark/ 1 markah]

(b) What is the general formula for the homologous series of this compound?
Apakah formula am bagi siri homolog sebatian ini?

…………………..…………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark/ 1 markah]

(c) Draw structural formulae for two isomers of compound C4H9OH.

Lukiskan formula struktur untuk dua isomer bagi sebatian C4H9OH.

[2marks/2 markah]
(d) One mole of this compound undergoes complete combustion to form gas X and water as
shown below.
Satu mol sebatian ini mengalami pembakaran lengkap untuk menghasilkan gas X dan air
seperti ditunjukkan di bawah.

C4H9OH + mO2  nX + 3H20

(i) State the name of gas X.

Nyatakan nama gas X.

…………………..…………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark/ 1 markah]

(ii) What are the value of m and n?

Apakah nilai bagi m dan n?

m= ……………………………………………………………………………………

n= ………………………………………………………………………………………………
[2marks/2 markah]
 (e) Compound C4H9OH reacts with ethanoic add to produce compound Y which has a sweet
smell.
Sebatian C4H9OH bertindakbalas dengan asid etanoik untuk menghasilkan sebatian Y
yang berbau wangi.

(i) State the name of compound Y

Nyatakan nama sebatian Y.

…………………..…………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark/ 1 markah]

(ii) Draw the structural formula of compound Y.

Lukis formula struktur bagi sebatian Y.

[1 mark/ 1 markah]

(f) Compound C4H9OH undergoes dehydration to produce buthene.

Sebatian C4H9OH mengalami pengdehidratan untuk menghasilkan butena.

Suggest one dehydrating agent for this reaction.

Cadangkan satu agen pengdehidratan bagi tindak balas ini.

…………………..…………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark/ 1 markah]

6. Diagram 6 shows the apparatus set up to determine the heat of displacement of copper from a
solution of its salt by zinc. 50cm3 of 0.2 moldm-3copper (II) sulphate solution is measured
into a polystyrene cup.
Rajah 6 menunjukkan radas yang disediakan untuk menentukan haba penyesaran kuprum
daripada larutan garamnya oleh zink. 50cm3 larutan kuprum (II) sulfat berkepekatan 0.2
moldm-3 disukat ke dalam cawan polistirena.
 Zinc powder
Serbuk zink

50cm3 of 0.2moldm-3
Polystyrene cup copper (II) sulphate
Cawan polistirena solution
50cm3 larutan kuprum (II)
sulfat 0.2moldm-3

Diagram 6/ Rajah 6

The initial temperature of the copper (II) sulphate solution is recorded as 28.2ºC. About 4 g of
zinc powder is added into the copper (II) sulphate solution in the cup. The mixture is stirred.
The final temperature which is measured as soon as the zinc powder has dissolved is 38.2ºC.
Suhu awal larutan kuprum (II)sulfat direkodkan ialah 28. 2ºC. Kira-kira 4 g serbuk zink
ditambahkan ke dalam larutan kuprum (II) sulfat di dalam cawan. Campuran itu
dikacaukan. Suhu akhir yang disukat sebaik sahaja serbuk zink dilarutkan ialah 38.2ºC.

[Relative atomic mass: Zn = 65; density of solution: 1.0 gcm-3, specific heat of capacity
aqueous solutions: 4.2 Jg-1ºC-1]
[Jisim atom relatif: Zn = 65; ketumpatan larutan: 1.0 gcm-3, muatan haba tentu larutan
akueus: 4.2 Jg-1ºC-1]

a) Why is this reaction is an exothermic reaction?

Mengapakah tindak balas ini adalah tindak balas eksotermik?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………….……………………………
[1 mark/ 1 markah]

b) Suggest a method of improving this experiment.

Cadangkan satu kaedah untuk memperbaiki keputusan eksperimen ini.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………….……………………………
[1 mark/ 1 markah]

c) Write a balanced equation for the reaction which occurs.

 Tuliskan persamaan seimbang untuk tindak balas yang berlaku.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
[2 marks/ 2 markah]

d) Calculate the heat change for this reaction.

Hitungkan perubahan haba untuk tindak balas ini.

[2 marks/ 2 markah]

e) (i) Calculate the number of mole of copper ions.

Hitungkan bilangan mol ion kuprum.

[1 mark/ 1 markah]

(ii) Calculate the heat of displacement of copper from copper(II)sulphate solution by zinc.
Hitungkan haba penyesaran kuprum daripada larutan kuprum (II) sulfat oleh zink.
 [1 mark/ 1 markah]

f) Draw the energy level diagram for this reaction.

Lukiskan gambar rajah aras tenaga untuk tindak balas ini.

[2 marks/ 2 markah]