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Mutual Coupling Reduction in MIMO Antenna
Mutual Coupling Reduction in MIMO Antenna
fully edited. Content may change prior to final publication. Citation information: DOI
10.1109/LAWP.2015.2435992, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters
> AWPL-04-15-0658< 1
1536-1225 (c) 2015 IEEE. Personal use is permitted, but republication/redistribution requires IEEE permission. See
http://www.ieee.org/publications_standards/publications/rights/index.html for more information.
This article has been accepted for publication in a future issue of this journal, but has not been fully edited. Content may change prior to final publication. Citation information: DOI
10.1109/LAWP.2015.2435992, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters
> AWPL-04-15-0658< 2
neutralization line) (C2), and circular slot (C3) are 24.8 mm, 9.6 the correlations between MIMO elements are very low due to
mm and 11 mm, respectively. the high radiation efficiency [11]. The total efficiencies of the
MIMO antenna elements are the factor to limit the MIMO or
diversity performance in the higher band. The proposed
wideband neutralization line can efficiently enhance the
isolation between MIMO elements so that the total efficiency of
the proposed UWB MIMO antenna can be improved. The
simulated total efficiencies of the proposed UWB MIMO
antenna with and without a wideband neutralization line (NL)
are shown in Fig. 3. The total efficiency improvement with the
wideband NL is observed clearly. Moreover, if we further
decrease the inter-element distance from 2.2 mm (see Fig.1) to
0.2 mm. The total efficiency difference with or without
wideband NL becomes more significant. It proves that even in
the extremely small inter-element space the proposed
decoupling method can still work efficiently.
In order to investigate the wideband decoupling mechanism,
Fig. 2. Simulated S parameters of the proposed UWB MIMO antenna with and
without a wideband neutralization line. a parametric study has been carried out. The S parameters with
different circular slot radiuses R3 are presented in Fig. 4. It is
observed that with R3 changing from 2.2 mm to 2.8 mm, S11 is
almost the same, while in S21 the highest decoupling frequency
moves to the lower frequency. Furthermore, we can also notice
that with a larger R3, the mutual coupling is reduced more
significantly. This is because a larger R3 will lead to a higher
decoupling current density on the metal disc of neutralization
line and thus the decoupling field is stronger.
Fig. 3. Simulated total efficiencies of the proposed UWB MIMO antenna with
and without a wideband neutralization line (NL).
1536-1225 (c) 2015 IEEE. Personal use is permitted, but republication/redistribution requires IEEE permission. See
http://www.ieee.org/publications_standards/publications/rights/index.html for more information.
This article has been accepted for publication in a future issue of this journal, but has not been fully edited. Content may change prior to final publication. Citation information: DOI
10.1109/LAWP.2015.2435992, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters
> AWPL-04-15-0658< 3
performance. In this paper, we will utilize it for placing the design antenna is clearly observed. In the simulation, discreet
feeding cable to reduce the cable impacts on the proposed ports are applied. Similar to the prototype feeding method in [3],
MIMO antenna performance. the fabricated UWB MIMO elements are fed by two thin cables
to excite the same mode as those in the simulations. Like most
of small antennas, the small ground plane in the proposed
antenna may lead to the leakage currents flowing from the
ground plane to the connectors and cables. Two ferrite rings
have been utilized in [3] to suppress the leakage current.
However, the ferrites will reduce the antenna total efficiency. In
this paper we will make two thin cables soldered on the ground
plane, bent and protrude out from a carefully select position —
the weak current area in Fig. 6— without the ferrite rings. Due
to weak current in this area, very little current on the ground
plane will flow to the cable. From our simulations, if the thin
cables are longer than 3 cm or shorter than 1 cm, this cable
arrangement in Fig. 7 will affect very little on the MIMO
antenna S parameters, radiation patterns, total efficiencies and
gain in the band of 3.1-5 GHz.
Fig. 5. Current distributions of the proposed UWB MIMO antenna with and
without a wideband neutralization line.
1536-1225 (c) 2015 IEEE. Personal use is permitted, but republication/redistribution requires IEEE permission. See
http://www.ieee.org/publications_standards/publications/rights/index.html for more information.
This article has been accepted for publication in a future issue of this journal, but has not been fully edited. Content may change prior to final publication. Citation information: DOI
10.1109/LAWP.2015.2435992, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters
> AWPL-04-15-0658< 4
between the simulations and measurements for both total smaller antenna area size and higher isolation. Although the
efficiency and realized gain are achieved. Please note that bandwidth in [2] and [4] is wider than the proposed work, the
although the measured total efficiency is slightly smaller than isolation enhancement in 3.1-5 GHz is the most challenging
the simulated, due to more directional radiation patterns in the part in the whole UWB band of 3.1-10.6 GHz. In addition, due
measurement, the measured gain can still agree well with the to the dispersion, the recent trend is to use the lower UWB band
simulated gain. (3.1-5 GHz) and the higher UWB band (6-10.6 GHz) separately.
Compared with [10], [3] and [5], the proposed antenna has a
much smaller size while still covering the lower UWB band of
3.1-5 GHz with a high isolation.
IV. CONCLUSION
A UWB MIMO antenna has been designed in this paper with
a wideband neutralization line. It has covered the band of 3.1
GHz-5 GHz with an isolation over 22 dB. The parametric study
and current distributions have been given to investigate the
decoupling mechanism. In order to verify the introduced idea, a
prototype of the designed antenna has been fabricated and
measured. The simulations agrees well with the measurements.
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Compared with [2] and [4], the proposed antenna has a much
1536-1225 (c) 2015 IEEE. Personal use is permitted, but republication/redistribution requires IEEE permission. See
http://www.ieee.org/publications_standards/publications/rights/index.html for more information.