Assiginment-1

msl lab(735)

Question 1.
a). All the units used are in nm. The procedure using Poisons equtaion is
given below -

clear;
clc;
V=sparse(150,700);
d=6e-9; %distance between the plates in nm.
l=600e-9;%length of the plates in nm.
for k=1:500
disp(k)
for i=2:149
for j= 2:699
V(i,j) = (V(i+1,j) + V(i-1,j) + V(i,j+1) + V(i,j-1))/4;
end
end
V(78,50:650)=1;%applying voltage of 1 volt to upper plate.
V(72,50:650)=-1;%applying -1 volt to lower plate
end

[Ex,Ey] = gradient(-V);

figure;
contour(V);

title(' Potential')

figure;
quiver(Ex,Ey);
title(' Electric field')

E = 0;
for i=77:2:79
for j = 50:650
E= E + abs(Ey(i,j));%summation of electric field
end
end
Et= E + abs(Ex(78,49)) + abs(Ex(78,651));
Q = 8.854e-12*Et;% Q = summation epsilon E.ds
C = Q/2;
Cth=(8.854e-12*600e-9)/6e-9;
The capacitance we get is displayed as c as shown in the figure above.
C =1.1226e-09.
b).Plot of electrostatic potentail and equipotential surface.
c).Plot of 2d electric field

Figure 1: non zoomed version of electric field.

Figure 2: zoomed version of electric field.

d).The capacitance is calculated taking the fringe capacitance into consideration hence
we get the value of capacitance slightly higher then the theoratical value that ignores the
fringe capacitance. The formula ( Cth =εl/d) doesn’t takes into consideration the
fringing effect hence the value calculated using Poisons equation and taking into
cosideration the fringing effect it is greater then the theoratical value. As can be seen in
the figure below

Question 2

a).Plot of capacitance as a function of lengthclear;

clc;
V=sparse(200,1200);
clc
for l=10:50:1000
disp(l);
V(98,100:(l+100))=1; %voltage of 1 volt to the lower plate
V(102,100:(l+100))=-1; %voltage of -1v0lt to the upper plate
for k=1:500 %number of iterations

for i=2:199

V(98,100:(l+100))=1;
V(102,100:(l+100))=-1;
for j= 2:1199
V(i,j) = (V(i+1,j) + V(i-1,j) + V(i,j+1) + V(i,j-1))/4;

end
end

end
[Ex,Ey] = gradient(-V);

E = 0;
for j=99:(100+l+1)

E= E + Ey(99,j) - Ey(97,j);%summation of electric field

end

Q(l) = 8.854e-12*E;% Q = summation epsilon E.ds

C(l) = Q(l)/2;
Cth(l)=(8.854e-12*l)/6;
Cp(l)=C(l)-Cth(l);
V(1:200, 1:1200) = 0;
end
plot(C);

figure(2);
plot(Cp);

b).Parasitic capacitance C p (l) = C(l) − C th (l) as a function of length

Question 3:

a).Capicitance pe unit width is calculated by using the following code

clc;
clear;
nx=150;
V = sparse(nx,nx);
V(61:81,61)=-1;
V(61,71:81)=1;

for k=1:1000
for q=2:nx-1
for j=2:nx-1
V(q,j) = (V(q+1,j)+V(q-1,j)+V(q,j+1)+V(q,j-1))/4;
V(61:81,61)=-1;
V(61,71:81)=1;
end
end

end
[Ex,Ey]=gradient(-V,1);
figure;
contour(V);
title('Potential')

figure;
quiver(Ex,Ey);
title('Electric Field')
E=0;
p=60;
for q=70:80
 E=E+abs(Ey(p,q));
end
p=72;
for q=50:52
E=E+abs(Ey(p,q));
end

Q=(8.8541878128e-21)*E;
c=(qv/2)*(1e+9);

C=c/2;

From the above figure the capacitance we get for per unit structure =1.0467e-11.

b).Electrostatic potential and equipotential surface

c).Plot of the 2d electric field

d).Possition of maximum electric filed

clc;
clear;
nx=150;
V = sparse(nx,nx);
V(61:81,61)=-1;
V(61,71:81)=1;

for k=1:1000
for q=2:nx-1
for j=2:nx-1
V(q,j) = (V(q+1,j)+V(q-1,j)+V(q,j+1)+V(q,j-1))/4;
V(61:81,61)=-1;
V(61,71:81)=1;
end
end

end
[Ex,Ey]=gradient(-V,1);
figure;
contour(V);
title('Potential')
 figure;
quiver(Ex,Ey);
title('Electric Field')
E=0;
p=60;
for q=70:80
E=E+abs(Ey(p,q));
end
p=72;
for q=50:52
E=E+abs(Ey(p,q));
end

Q=(8.8541878128e-21)*E;
c=(Qv/2)*(1e+9);

%To find maximum point

Emag = sqrt(Ex^2 + Ey^2);

Emax= Emag(1,1);
for i=1:150
for j=1:150
if Emag(i,j) > Emax

Emax=Emag(i,j);
xt= i;
yt= j;
end
end
end
The electric field is max at xt=60 and yt=62