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    cost of electricity

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    64 views4 pages

    A More Accurate Way To Calculate The Cost of Electricity

    Uploaded by

    Anonymous rwojPlY
    cost of electricity

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 4
    MRT A More Accurate Way to Calculate the Cost of Electricity Life-cycle cost of ownership is a common metric used to compare power plant system alternatives. However, the familiar formula for calculating the cost of generating electricity omits factors that are becoming increasingly important to business decisions. A new formula addresses those blind spots by estimat- ing the value of the part-load performance of cycling combined-cycle plants. 7 8.Con Gen P,P, GE EDroy cite and ease eins of mind boa tl pover (HP) ‘iciaey (A Proposes Deion f CHP iene tune 2010) and seam ple Fey (Pan sec Bagi th he ‘ight Detnions” Foray 2010) This fondo: the ui cot of genes ‘erty (COB) COE Tew wie wed Imec fr caring poet pet em ‘erates. Toy, k combines = ver snetion pte ovaerip ess loping rma re tates (pa nd cen). Tie ete [Sst won comparing power eration "mies thes echolgie. "Te standard fermlan f COE ee sume eapal ft nd opens mai tence (8) cn of pln omen ‘horn in Bgaon 1 Geer "Toe cot of geton a poised by ‘na CE female canbe nce he rie at which elec st eso in ‘def sve fied a abe pte fing expenses and ach terete on Companys equity ini inte seed fest of money) Te COE i Umi ingle opting conn, pial He Sole ate pefomane, a sly ‘alu tIneaonal Oration fo ‘Sundin (180) basa “Thi denon of COE is ef or fait sees sles ad compan of baseload combine (C0) owe ln Ars tine, however, many CC ‘sie felted oly epting ope ‘on th ent ucts sd ope Wells age nd sles, fen poise ‘Simin eer and bck power fore Sv cu pen a ie [cable Even sssing tht natal gs Tht! set ald sea trent tel, et [fired CC pan ar expe cont H a a ) Typical eylleal duty profile for a eombined-eyale plant. The sence norco ll ‘eo come, Cosequey, an over the tandara COE frm sed 0 ‘deine to ale aby imped ‘aaa Nei, sachs beter prod tial Operation ‘Typed dily pean of 4 Ywo-ycted CC plant is sown in gue 1 The plat [soporte tive days wesk earn or perhaps only doing the sumer moa Inti example. every Fy th plat shutdown at 10pm for he wacked ad ‘nreartedte ollowlag Monday a3 “wie yar, the pl at down for ne week to cary ot sched ince laste Thos, thea Schedule comprises 250 start (re ea, {8 war, an 00h ta) Tgseing th tine seat dang stp (ine ned generation is estate Ine) nd he searonal bon tration the ‘la is expected or planed to operat (0) 4.250 Rous por year with eve Factor (SF) of 4.250 / 8.790 = 185% At 2 fominl S00 MW tala poe he ‘oa otal enemy production (Ean be Calafate a .700400 MW for weap: Sy factor (CF) fund 1.706900 7500 1760)» 38.6% Si, he od fe. ‘er (LF clued a 17000011500 4230) = 08, ces twice the CE Power gecion Suing ues ct be estima va sple tegration the Sed ea in Fue ars hts) sed fn pli tt curves pvie by heute Using te lad pole in gue land pil sarap cues, a Shon 25400 EW por yar 9 a ‘ler generation xin ‘onda ca be fund in ime fusion coneite ater 5200 Mh, ‘suis ate of 10 permite. Ado- ing these two unsteady gnerion ‘(ans to te noma peerton of 170,000 MWe cael shove yo Find the eetive al geteratio = 1:74.00 MWh Tao effect opr og tours (He) a ihe ha he no Bl epeating hur Hy by te ttl te ‘pent ding pla sats (batdowes ae ‘aor y= 4508 20031 4889 $2524359 hous Thi eoresponde {nefeve lan onput (Pa 1734500 14380 = 38 MW. Tht coeston Stew the dane ets of arta re fils io an fete lod ator LP) of Sat 510~ 62%, Note ow accouating forthe energy erated dag startup reeuod the feud factory about four poceage Prins when’ the ado) operating ure low load a inl Ts ft in st ey advantage of fat stp spend la fine at oT he Le and ae ighe, sling in fob lower) COE ‘Aerage eyeing pnt load eee of 15% to BO and the edvene pt Of te “ie Spat daring plat srs (20 or ee moe pe year fo Such uni) sugges at Eiproversen cold be mae tts bse (COE eesti to ceo or plant ying ‘sfc In aon to aout or the ‘healt of eins an be tin Jo aso by niying the wal ey ‘eentog von wed ay or (3 of So (he complement of he oe ‘stage ‘Connung with be example above, Rx y= o9% 3 1754800 MWR = 1917250 MWh, Te expected edo ate unt bavi Rous de toa les tan pest Tenis this elected in rection Fhe uns on energy genet and, An overhaul of the standard COE formula is needed to determine the value added by improved operational flexibility. toa factor vation jst dang, any ‘ee Ky plat operat conisertions ‘lb incdedin he COE forma Pe Tolloving four key factors, when ad tie baie COE equation, will pediee ‘noe scene ealnon of el CC pat Sexo prise vision Nonrecover pefrmanederaatce aay eed uae ate) ‘System pth consent ‘The foo fcr an be cuted forby alcnlatng sored bse Pfrmance. Ambient conection factors fan be fsnd from OEMGsuppid carves ing appropiate nal lend verge temperature, we eae dey (elt ing a reasons tempera Yapinon cart or mom moderate a ets the devin rom the 180 veo Iesthan 3) “Averige Or mestftve vale of cuit and elency searaiton ie tors ca also be easly found rom sp. ‘Mlecponded ares Bath cottons Se mlpiaive an tes than iy ‘mogntude (ales the pl ote i Stenueely cold stesso he net overall pact higher COE vin ower effective ‘San ad toe, "To salty oC power pas ad ‘madvanal combs tating normal 1) ate pk eal above 80% and een hove 98%, epi fr FC io {ese ape ts, oon n pling servis consequently, the Jad factor The eds fio inthe later wl mae el lower fftve plant efleny and, Sn be shown below, i igre ciated with capt aden ele ‘tet Even a al doen ab Pains example) ca easly negate 8 Feveledalvaage i led perormance operon lexi. |New Formul fed aol expanded COE ors at a Tor th ona! fmol, ae eso ‘is an system impact cons sch [reap nd ener replscement ring ‘ug A this tie, thee io indy wide ered tid ce se Rk iste ha is, pounds of pollens ‘ct at NO,, $0, CO, unbored jor ition, paul mater and 98 per ‘esersted MWh) into eo, Neerthl, sinc (or pena) can bead {othe COE vias com comping two new ameter (clon pliant i fers of Son and man penertion of pallet in toni, These te ct Sone ding Sartup. Although they sre fo coe at bscan, CO ehstone fe bee pote when the ui tre Sowa, especialy ring pl stats when the wit pend consderile soon! of ime a ow oa "Te lt ow tem ade, sytem in pct account forth sa nets Bavcom: total MWh genetion and ouput Gg: emulile nit comparisons theater wed by th a fo hat mst ove wis hot tl ene) proditon (ipvided when dflency In energy canbe sled a the bass to deere (Gor MWR) mun berm py bing AP an AE” Energy epee on (Si Inpaotier uni th sytem ale nd! dependent onthe minke of he aia fron tdeicesy io xpcty (EW oe geneaung stm, or which the ale MO? mst be made apy puting fom tes ae cele wing COE. Note, ho ara fom negoring systems The ever, ta tho economic dispatch pine COE alynis adjred © scommon am foie sing a arable nein cox. rol ttl energy geertion bas lng sleet egal fo Bighe han tha ofthe the loing es hit ender onaldraton, Oerise the Felicing it wou sendy be clie an S, = Sysem place cpicy cant ($1 geneaing eel. mon S. Sytem rpacenent city cast (8) Case Sty kun) “The new COE formations conttuon P= Cpa tobe epic 1) fovhe Hcl cot aul pest I [AEC Emery toe asd OWA) esa ung an example. Conse ‘Table 1. Key data and parameters used for calculating COE. The are how tora. for stato pepeses annette pedt snr ‘june Source: Ei me asec eta, US. Energy Inston Aas 2, Combined-cycle partload efficiency. Pant & har tater aon ose ‘Soe thr Pant ths yt! aparaan Tara the aoe eng bad 8 ‘See etry fue hol ono han nm a ot tr staan cpeaiey ‘Sanir sere lo ocr eae tne seri et oe a nd ornate ‘hoy teat the gra cree sawn re ar for Huston prpsse sd eet eatin std SOO MW CC plant (57.5 ete ffs) decribed at Pat A, Too Fceset repo fr Plat An Proved prt lad best te an faster reap fadamp capability ane 5% shoe tine). Tae mew pote that incerpontes tee inpeonemeni will be {ailad Pian Te amsiner 9 he hey lan pater and sessions used in {Bicone toy oe sumaie Tal ‘The heel pac ofthe peed ‘apa a Paw 2 1 Scenario BI. Pla 8 reaches slat ‘user ten Pam allowing he tobe disputed fr longer pid ‘There, pneies ore eveaae— toa the oxpeme af higher tt fe eommpin sod esos, Ha te ‘Sine fr Plat or 852 boar ea ules previously) ss Sono 2, Phin B stars ater dan Punt A and reaches baseload tthe fame tie ss Pat A normally woul ‘The ert to opersting nthe manne lower fel eimspion ani ea ‘osetia the expense of lei gr ‘atin en evens) Hy 00) BS {So tours w 4803 hou 1 wold see that staring “st om spin aly 8 posible a ‘ribet basena power oe griuicker (Geeario BI) int eter seaegy tan ‘aring i ate a pons to be one the ast atc 2). Hower, Te may na be he eave when coy Ie pee Before the pee te en th met pce acme ele Is ‘este love (even tlw the ae thle som of penton) are ‘setge f Bay be noh mee modes or en msi oft, BI met ly {2 coir a eon) sien, wen ‘oni pc i gue xls ‘pg ortomste uptor ase ‘ae geen However Bz is probably the or for regal plant st Putormore, a pnt tay ve st star capabiy ba he pst eter ny chron ote pny oF x at all ep» presi by 39 tem operatr to cpt on short nce iit premio hus, the stat aloe ete fests caps mre ‘ey a somber beeen the two ‘cents, For tht example,» weiged ‘erie athe perfomance othe 0 se- so sued 3. Calculating the COE, Aisa oe Samplnannie eur ne ‘etre hn an erg fetta he COE ns Sehr As etry ‘elcamar cot of eahtn wn aes ‘Gute shawnee enon co ls See Ge ey ‘A compsrson of the COE cacaated sing the sland (orginal) and ee ed (propeed) frmolatins Is boa in gue 3 The sow formation rearnt 2258 hiper vale, den byte oe effective LW an eflecy ves PLANT EMDR) “Table 2. Evaluating the COE of two plant design options. Nae ne danas siitacnoncs vous we foe puna sels ana te ae ‘rom Maca bine. Be vere tec) so eae ows mkt Soares ‘apaymens aoe dims aah Se. GE Poe ee eal greta la rin over then tis nominal baeoadcouo- bili, or compet erat, ‘epas) and adel cost component, Aredlon fiat = 98% (Nite the sigan cootrbton a em intend of 93%) moe tha hog 1 sions even When ely COsisconieed. wipe et alle vane compared ih ‘When NO, CO, and ote emissions ae Pat A, oven mi fe mon a also town iat the tis ith sytem: vtlotySISalion 9 82 ile) Specie iow’ cox, tbe impact wile Samana wri ty pataly ‘tore rononced) Ta al ene the vere tact oman tor nl opored formuliton bawever isi ab’ Qe anresorebe depron ean ‘yto scent fr plant nae er thn inthe min tated pesformance thereby proving ana na oi he testes hse Improved plan ife-

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