LECTURE #1 FINALS

Sources used to write a paper are acknowledged in two different places within the paper:
1. As in-text citations within the text of the paper
2. In the Works Cited page at the end of the paper.

At the end of each research paper, a section must be devoted to listing the information for each resource that you
used in the paper. This includes all resources that you quoted, paraphrased, or mentioned.

CITATION Styles for Quantitative Research:

1. APA (AMERICAN (REFERENCES)
American Psychological Association (APA)
 APA developed its own uniform style of formatting written works
 As a guide for composing scientific publications, articles, handbooks, journals and the like for the
organization
 1929 featured in a magazine write-up
 1959 official APA style became publicly available

2. MLA (BIBLIOGRAPHY)
-Modern Language Association (MLA)
 Is an American professional Organization for scholars of literature and language based in New York City.
 MLA Style Manual and Guide To Scholarly Publishing- style book titled
 1985- first edition printed
 2008- 3rd edition
 Began in 1883 at Purdue University

3. CHICAGO MANUAL (BIBLIOGRAPHY)

 The Chicago Manual of Style, also often called “Turabian Style”
 Chicago Style established in 1906
 Turabian created in 1937 when Kate L. Turabian assembled a guideline for students at the
University of Chicago
 Style provides guidelines for publication in some of the social sciences and natural & physical
sciences, but most commonly in the humanities—literature, history, and the arts
 Style lends consistency and makes texts more readable by those who assess or publish them

A. BOOKS
Examples
MLA: Johnson, Thomas. Studies in College. New York:
McGraw-Hill, 2003. Print.
APA: Johnson, T. (2003). Studies in college. New York, NY:
McGraw-Hill.
CMS: Johnson, Thomas. Studies in College: The Freshmen.
New York: McGraw Hill, 2003.
Template
MLA: Lastname, Firstname. Title of Work. City of Pub: Publisher, Year. Medium.
APA: Lastname, First Initial. (Year). Title of work. City of Pub, State: Publisher.
CMS: Last Name, First Name. Title of Book: Subtitle of Book. City of Publication: Publisher, Date of Publication.

B .JOURNALS
Examples
MLA: Smith, Linda. “Students in Danger.” New England Journal of
Student Progress 7.2 (2007): 142-154. Print.
APA: Smith, L. (2007). Students in danger. New England Journal of
Student Progress, 7(2), 142-154.
CMS: Smith, Linda. “Students in Danger.” New England Journal of
Student Progress 7,2 (2007): 142-154.

Template
MLA: Lastname, Firstname. “Title of Work.” Journal Title Volume. Issue (Year): page numbers. Medium.
APA: Lastname, First Initial. (Year). Title of work. Journal Title, Volume(Issue), page numbers.
CMS: Last Name, First Name. “Title of Article.” Title of Periodical volume, number (Date of Publication): page
numbers.

C. ON-LINE SOURCES
Template
MLA: Author. Title of Site. Sponsor, Date created (Day Month year) (use n.d. if not given). Medium. Date
accessed (day month year). <URL (optional)/>.
APA: Author. (Year, Month[use n.d. if not given]). Article or page sub-title. Major Publication Title, volume or
issue number (if available). Retrieved from http://url.
CMS: Author. “Title of Page.” Title of Website or Owner. Last modified Month day, year. URL.

Examples:
MLA: Department of Enrollment Management. Fall Term Comparison. University of Houston-Clear Lake, 24 Oct.
2013. Web. 21 Oct. 2014.
APA: Department of Enrollment Management. (2013,October). Fall Term Comparison. Enrollment
Management 2013 Reports. Retrieved from http://prtl.uhcl.edu/portal/page/portal/PRV/Enrollment-
Management/.
CMS: Department of Enrollment Management. “Fall Term Comparison.” University of Houston-Clear Lake.
October 24, 2013. http://prtl.uhcl.edu/portal/page/portal/PRV/Enrollment-Management/.

Seat Work:
A. BOOK
medium: book
Author: Bryant Acar
Title: Quantitative Research
Year of Pub: 2016
City of Pub: Lapu-Lapu City, Cebu
Publisher: Mendel Group Publishing Hub

B. JOURNAL

Author: Bryant Acar Volume: 4 Pages: 164-184

Title: Biology of Plants Issue: 1
Journal: Bio Review Year: 2015

C. ON-LINE-SOURCES

1. http://www.quantiresearch.qqq.
2. Centers for Research. - Author
3. Title: Action Research, sub title: Importance of AR
4. accessed: June 19, 2014.
5. Web, created: Oct. 27, 2013. 7. Vol 5
6. Sponsor: Research Web Group