Introduction

The case study that is to be presented features a patient who has a type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.

Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 (Type 1 Diabetes, Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus, or juvenile
diabetes) is a form of diabetes mellitus that results from autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing beta
cells of the pancreas. The subsequent lack of insulin leads to increased blood and urine glucose. Symptoms
include excessive excretion of urine (polyuria), thirst (polydipsia), constant hunger, weight loss, vision
changes, and fatigue.

According to American Diabetes Association, about 193,000 Americans under age 20 are
estimated to have diagnosed diabetes, approximately 0.24% of that population. And in 2015 - 2016, the
annual incidence of diagnosed diabetes in youth was estimated at 127,900 with type 1 diabetes, 65,100
with type 2 diabetes. In addition to that, diabetes deaths remains the 7th leading cause of death in the
United States in 2015, with 79,535 death certificates listing it as the underlying cause of death, and a total
of 252,806 death certificates listing diabetes as an underlying or contributing cause of death.

We as student nurses are involved in learning what type of nursing interventions we need to apply
to this type of patient. Beyond understanding the relevant health issue, this case study will also explore
other factors that can enhance our knowledge in the field of our nursing practice. This is also the primary
reason why we choose this case study because we know that it is highly beneficial aside from it is being

considered distinctive or unique.

Our subject for this study is a male client, 17 years old, who had been diagnosed September 05,
2019 of Diabetes Mellitus Type 1. In tracing their family history, the parents mentioned that no one in both
paternal and maternal sides had Diabetes Mellitus type 1, but one thing that they are sure is each
grandparents of the patient had Diabetes Mellitus type 2, the causative factors of those two types are
entirely different.

We have chosen this case as our subject of interest because we wanted to know more how this
disease starts and progresses and why the blood levels of the patient are too high compared to patients who
have Diabetes Mellitus Type 2. We would also like to determine the appropriate approaches and
interventions that will effectively manage this disease better. Furthermore, as student nurses and future
nurses, we would also like to help our client on how to manage his current condition and to encourage him
at the same time in committing on adhering in the different treatment regimens which will enable him to
become a productive one and live his life to the fullest.