Concepts and Principles of NSTP Extension Management

Program and Community Immersion

The Implementation of Republic Act No. 9163 otherwise known as

National Service Training Program (NSTP) Act of 2001 aims to enhance civic
consciousness and defense preparedness in the youth by developing the ethics
of service and patriotism while undergoing training in any of its three (3) program
components namely: (1)Reserve Officers Training Corps (ROTC); (2) Literacy
Training Service(LTS); and (3) Civic Welfare Training Service(CWTS).
Furthermore, the approval of this act affirmed the commitment of the government
to promote civic consciousness among the youth and develop their physical,
moral, spiritual, intellectual and social well-being.

1. “Reserve Officers Training Corps (ROTC)” is a program

institutionalized under Section 38 and 39 of Republic Act No. 7077
designed to provide military training to tertiary level students in order to
motivate, train, organize and mobilize them for national defense
preparedness.

2. “Literacy Training Service (LTS)” is a program designed to train

students to become teachers of literacy and numeracy skills to school
children, out of school youth, and other segments of society in need of
their service.

3. Civic Welfare Training Service (CWTS) refers to programs or activities

contributory to the general welfare and the betterment of life for the
members of the community or the enhancement of its facilities,
especially those devoted to improving health, education, environment,
entrepreneurship, safety, recreation and morals of the citizenry.

Areas of Concern in Community Development as Identified in LTS-CWTS

Programs

1.Health and Sanitation – This is an community development program provided

by extension workers and volunteers on health sanitation , hygiene and
nutrition such as Health Education Awareness Campaign for
communicable and non-communicable diseases, Basic Life Support
( CPR), Nutrition Education, Sanitation Health Education Program and
other health related services.

2. Training and Education – It is a capacity building program through the

improvement of the knowledge, skills and attitudes of the stakeholders in the
community. It encourages the extension workers and volunteers to train adult
citizens, the disabled and out-of-school youth the areas of concern identified in
the community development.

3.Environment and Sustainable Development – The conservation, preservation

and protection of the environment such as cleaning and greening of parks
and places of public interest. ( Tree Planting, Waste Management
Program, Forest Protection, and Aqua-Culture Development)

4.Entrepreneurship and Livelihood Programs – The micro-enterprise

development program through capability building program in skills training
and technology transfer, training in enterprise development and
management .( Agri-business ,Aqua-culture, Livestock Raising)

5. Safety and Disaster Preparedness- This includes extension activities and

information drive along law enforcement and safety such asFire
Prevention Control, Human Rights Education, Anti-Drug Education and
Barangay Security Management and Disaster Preparedness.

6.Sports and Recreation - The promotion of sports programs to foster self-

discipline, teamwork, and excellence for the development of healthy and
alert citizenry .It also includes training in sports clinic, sports officiating and
to initiate amateur sports competition.

7.. Moral and Spiritual Development – The extension training of the

Stakeholders in Values Education Program including : the promotion of
patriotism and nationalism; respect of human rights; appreciation of the
roles of the heroes in the historical development of the country; teach the
rights and duties of citizenship; strengthen ethical and spiritual values;
develop moral character and personal discipline.

Community Development Goals: ( Angelito Manalili,1990)

If the project development and management must be participatory, it must
be viewed in the context of the lives, experiences and aspirations of the people,
especially the poor. It must not be divorced from the overall process of
community organizing and development directed towards the building of self-
reliant communities where the people are continuously building their capabilities
and promoting their empowerment. To be really people-centered and
participatory, project development and management must help in the pursuit of
the following overall community development goals:
1. Raising Productivity Levels
Undoubtedly, levels of production must be raised. But this should
correspond appropriately to the needs of the community. What we mean to say is
that the people in the community should be the ones decisive as to what is
beneficial or good to them based on their own study and evaluation of their
situation and potentials. It is good that development starts from where the people
are and what they already have. In this way, the development that can be
generated, say, in increasing productivity, would really be participated and people
oriented.

2. Broadening the Sharing of Development’s Blessings

Since development must primarily benefit the poor, the distribution of its
rewards must be broadened and reach out to them. It is often said that the poor
will ultimately benefit from the blessing of development, yet this is far from being
true. And so we must first have balanced view about development.

3.Democratization of Projects and Social Services

Since the poor have the least opportunity to develop their livelihood, they
should be given the utmost priority in projects and social services. It is said that
those who have less in life should have more in law. In this regard, it would be
best to look into the present service delivery system in our communities.

4.Creating More Jobs Opportunities and Means of Livelihood

With the increasing ranks of the unemployed and underemployed it is but
imperative that development projects should always take into account the need
to create more jobs and means of livelihood.

5. Developing the People’s Potentials for Them to Take the Leading Role in
Development
People’s participation in development is still quite insignificant today.
Necessarily, their participation in planning and management of development
projects has to be enlivened and invigorated. The people should have an active
and decisive involvement, from the initial analysis of their own conditions to the
actual implementation of their projects.
 The Process of Participatory Project Development Management for People’s
Empowerment (Angelito Manalili,1990)

SOCIAL PROJECT PROJECT

ANALYSIS IDENTIFICATION FEASIBILITY
STUDIES

COMMUNITY PROJECT
COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
ORGANIZING SELECTION
TOWARDS BUILDING SELF-RELIANT AND APPROVAL
COMMUNITIES

PROJECT PROJECT PREPARATIONS

MONITORING IMPLEMENTATION FOR PROJECT
AND AND IMPLEMENTATION
EVALUATION MANAGEMENT

Steps and Activities in Participatory Project Development and Management

1. Community Organizing
If the project development and management is geared towards promoting
capability building, empowerment and self-reliance, it is but imperative that the
process starts with organizing the community. This should be the case because
people’s participation in the planning and management of development projects
can never be strong and decisive if they are not organized, if they are not united.

2.Social Analysis
In planning and management of development projects, social analysis of a
community is specifically focused on the problems, needs and potentials of the
people which will help them in the systematic identification of potential projects
which can help solve their problems and meet their needs.

3.Project identification
Project identification gains meaning as the people discover potential
projects which can help change oppressive conditions in their community and
respond sensitively to their problems and needs.

4. Feasibility Study Preparation

There are numerous projects which can possibly help solve the people’s
problems and meet their needs. But in doing studies on development projects,
we want to be critical in their decision-making as to what projects would be
implemented.
a) Which of these projects can fulfill our needs?
b) Which of these are not quite new to us since they are already part of our
experiences?
c) Which among these are we are capable of implementing even without
outside assistance so that we can start from where we are and on what we
already have?
d) Which of these projects need outside support, a proposal and a thorough
going follow-up?

5.Project Selection and Approval

At this stage in the process of planning and management of development
projects, we want the people to decide : These are the projects that can fulfill our
needs. These are the projects that we want to implement.” Once the people have
already selected and approved the projects which they will implement, we want
them to prepare a proposal and plan for implementing the project.

6. Project Implementation
In implementing the project, we want to see the people taking the lead role.
At this stage in the process of planning and managing development projects, the
actual participation of the people shall be fully harnessed in meeting their
objectives.
7.Project Management and Sustenance.
Once completed, the must be continually managed and sustained. The
project must serve as an avenue for the people’s continuing capability building,
self –reliance and empowerment.

8. Project Monitoring and Evaluation

In this activity, we want the people to monitor and evaluate their project. we
want the people to monitor and evaluate their project. We want them to ask
themselves: “ What’s happening with our project? Are we achieving our aims?”
What have we done to pursue our objectives? Have we deviated from these
objectives? Why? What are the reasons?” Monitoring and evaluation are done so
that people can periodically discuss and act timely enough on whatever problems
they may encounter in the project’s implementation and management.

Qualities of an Effective and Productive Extension/ Community Worker

( Labuguen, 2004)
COMMITMENT - One must be responsible in fulfilling one engagement and
promises for a certain cause.

OPTIMISTIC - One looks at the brightest side of things and does for the best.
MALLEABLE - One must be flexible, pliant in the sphere of community
organization and development.
MODEL/MOTIVITY - One must be an example or role model to people
POWER
UNDERSTANDING – Situation or condition of others
NEGOTIABLE - One must have the willingness to compromise and openness
to negotiation, agreement and transaction.
INNOVATIVE - Full of new ideas, methods approaches and willing to change
for the better.
TACTICAL - One must exhibit maneuvering strategies, management tactics to
gain and meet objectives, ability to persuade and links with other
agencies in order to maintain contact at high level, convinces
others to help and work together.
YOUTHFUL – One must be keen, zestful, vigorous and active in keepingpeople
in the community.

WILLINGNESS – One must have the zeal, enthusiasm and goodwill and geniality
to help others.
OBEDIENT – One must be loyal , law abiding and respectful at one’s command
governing body and its policies.
RESCUING HAND – One must be responsible to help others or reach out clients
to help make their lives better.
KINDNESS – A worker must have good intention, considerate and sympathetic
to her desires to serve others. He/she must be kind hearted
person.
ENERGETIC – One must be full of energy, vigor and strength to work with
people and the organization he/she represents.
RESOURCEFUL - He/she must be capable of seeking means to meet the
objectives of programs for the community.
SENSE OF VISION - Try our new ideas and is ready to meet challenges. Can
express confidence of his own ability to complete difficult
tasks as part of challenges in life.

EXTENSION CREED

Go to the people
Live with the people
Learn from them Plan with them
Work with them.
Start with what they know
Build on what they have
Teach by showing, learn by doing
Not by showcase but a pattern
Not odds and ends but a system
Not piecemeal but integrated approach
Not to conform but transform
Not relief but release.

REFERENCES:

Chauhan, Anita M., et al. NSTP: Resourcebook on Community Organizing and

Extension. Philippine Association of Extension Program Implementors, Inc.,
2003
Labuguen, Florida C ., The Community Worker : The Key Person for the
Success of Community Programs for Nation Building. A paper presented
during the National Seminar-Workshop on Extension Management, TUP,
Manila, September 1-3, 2004
Manalili, Angelito G. , Participatory Project Development and Management.
Kapatiran-Kaunlaran Foundation Inc.,1990
Manalili, Angelito G. , Community Organizing for People’s Empowerment.
Kapatiran-Kaunlaran Foundation Inc.,1990