Republic of the Philippines

NOTHWEST SAMAR STATE UNIVERSITY

College of Education
Main Campus, Calbayog City

Name: Edward Mercado_____ Program :_____BSED English 1A_______

Section:_____NSTP-LTS 1E ___ Date: _____November 23, 2018_________

1. 15 definitions of leadership cited by different authors

 Leadership is the ability to evaluate and or forecast a long term plan or

policy and influence the followers towards the achievement of the said
strategy. Adeoye Mayowa: A Leadership Manager in Nigeria (2009
 " ...leadership is like the Abominable Snowman, whose footprints are
everywhere but who is nowhere to be seen"- Bennis & Nanus: 'Leaders:
Strategies for Taking Charge' (1997)
 "[There are] almost as many definitions of leadership as there are persons
who have attempted to define the concept."- Stogdill (1974, p.259)
 "A leader is a dealer in hope."-Napoleon Bonaparte, French soldier,
statesman, revolutionary (1769-1821)
 "A leader is best when people barely know that he exists, not so good
when people obey and acclaim him, worst when they despise him. 'Fail to
honour people' they fail to honour you.' But of a good leader, who talks
little, when his work is done, his aim fulfilled, they will all say, 'We did this
ourselves.'"- Lao Tzu, Chinese founder of Taoism, author (6th Century
BC)
 "A leader shapes and shares a vision which gives point to the work of
others."- Charles Handy (1992)
 "A manager takes people where they want to go. A great leader takes
people where they don't necessarily want to go, but ought to be."-
Rosalynn Carter, US First Lady (b.1927)
 "As we look ahead into the next century, leaders will be those who
empower others."- Bill Gates
 "Be willing to make decisions. That's the most important quality in a good
leader."- General George S. Patton Jr.
 "Leaders are individuals who establish direction for a working group of
individuals who gain commitment”- Conger, J.A. ‘Learning to Lead’ San
Francisco: Jossey-Bass (1992, p18)
 "Leaders are those who consistently make effective contributions to social
order, and who are expected and perceived to do so.”- Hosking (1988,
p.153)
 "Leadership (according to John Sculley) revolves around vision, ideas,
direction, and has more to do with inspiring people as to direction and
goals than with day-to-day implementation. A leader must be able to
leverage more than his own capabilities. He must be capable of inspiring
other people to do things without actually sitting on top of them with a
 checklist.”- Bennis, W. ‘On Becoming a Leader’ Reading, MA: Addison-
Wesley Publishing, (1989, p.139)
 "Leadership and learning are indispensable to each other."- John F.
Kennedy
 "Leadership is a combination of strategy and character. If you must be
without one, be without the strategy."- Gen. H. Norman Schwarzkopf
 "Leadership is a development of a clear and complete system of
expectations in order to identify evoke and use the strengths of all
resources in the organization the most important of which is people.”-
Batten, J.D. ‘Tough-minded Leadership’ New York: AMACOM (1989 p. 35)
2. Give the functions of the leader

Setting Goals: A leader is expected to perform creative function of laying out

goals and policies to persuade the subordinates to work with zeal and
confidence.

Organizing: The second function of a leader is to create and shape the

organization on scientific lines by assigning roles appropriate to individual
abilities with the view to make its various components to operate sensitively
towards the achievement of enterprise goals.
Initiating Action: The next function of a leader is to take the initiative in all
matters of interest to the group. He should not depend upon others for decision
and judgment. He should float new ideas and his decisions should reflect original
thinking.
Co-Ordination: A leader has to reconcile the interests of the individual members
of the group with that of the organization. He has to ensure voluntary co-
operation from the group in realizing the common objectives.

Direction and Motivation: It is the primary function of a leader to guide and

direct his group and motivate people to do their best in the achievement of
desired goals, he should build up confidence and zeal in the work group.

Link between Management and Workers: A leader works as a necessary link

between the management and the workers. He interprets the policies and
programmes of the management to his subordinates and represents the
subordinates’ interests before the management. He can prove effective only
when he can act as the true guardian of the interests of his subordinates.

3. What are the attributes of the leader

 Honesty and Integrity
 Confidence
 Inspire Others
 Commitment and Passion
 Good Communicator
 Decision-Making Capabilities
 Accountability
 Delegation and Empowerment
 Creativity and Innovation
 Empathy
 To become a good leader, you must have all these qualities but if you lack some
of these qualities, then you might struggle to make the mark in the world of leadership.
You will have to set a good example for others to follow. That is where your
commitment, passion, empathy, honesty and integrity come into play. Good
communication skills and decision-making capabilities also play a vital role in success
and failure of a leader. Lastly, innovation and creative thinking, as well as the futuristic
vision, are a couple of key traits which make a leader stand out.

4. Differentiate leader from manager

 Leaders create a vision, managers create goals.
Leaders paint a picture of what they see as possible and inspire and engage
their people in turning that vision into reality. Managers focus on setting,
measuring and achieving goals. They control situations to reach or exceed
their objectives.
 Leaders are change agents, managers maintain the status quo.
Leaders are proud disrupters. Innovation is their mantra. They embrace
change and know that even if things are working,
Managers stick with what works, refining systems, structures and processes
to make them better.
 Leaders are unique, managers copy.
Leaders are willing to be themselves. They are self-aware and work actively
to build their unique and differentiated personal brand. Managers mimic the
competencies and behaviors they learn from others and adopt their
leadership style rather than defining it.
 Leaders take risks, managers control risk
Leaders are willing to try new things even if they may fail miserably.
Managers work to minimize risk. They seek to avoid or control problems
rather than embracing them.
 Leaders coach, managers direct.
Leaders know that people who work for them have the answers or are able to
find them. Managers assign tasks and provide guidance on how to
accomplish them.

5. How would you differentiate the following:

A. AUTOCRATIC OR AUTHORITARIAN
- Autocratic leadership is a management style wherein one person
controls all the decisions and takes very little inputs from other group
members. Autocratic leaders make choices or decisions based on their
own beliefs and do not involve others for their suggestion or advice.
B. DEMOCRATIC OR PARTICIPATIVE
- Democratic leadership, also known as participative leadership or
shared leadership, is a type of leadership style in which members of
the group take a more participative role in the decision-making
process. This type of leadership can apply to any organization, from
private businesses to schools to government.
C. LAISSEZ FAIRE OR DELEGATIVE
- Laissez-faire leadership, also known as delegative leadership, is a type
of leadership style in which leaders are hands-off and allow group
 members to make the decisions. Researchers have found that this is
generally the leadership style that leads to the lowest productivity
among group members.
D. CHARISMATIC
- Charismatic leadership is basically the method of encouraging
particular behaviors in others by way of eloquent communication,
persuasion and force of personality. Charismatic leaders motivate
followers to get things done or improve the way certain things are
done.
E. SERVANT
- Servant leadership is a philosophy and set of practices that enriches
the lives of individuals, builds better organizations and ultimately
creates a more just and caring world.