Exam preparation course for Ukraine

Teacher's
Notes 2
YOUR PASSWORD TO
UNIT TESTS:

G200B 1 TESTSUVG
 Get 200!
Exam preparation course for Ukraine

Teacher's notes 2
Unit 1

Unit2

Unit3

Review 1

Unit4

Units

Unit6

Unit7

Review 2

Unit8 ;,
µ

Culture

Grammar

Audioscripts

Activity 1, p4: 1 ferry terminal; 2 underground station;
3 motorway; 4 railway station; 5 airport terminal; 6
coach station
Activity 2, p4: 1 motorbike, L; 2 van, L; 3 tram, L;
4 helicopter, A; 5 bicycle, L; 6 scooter, L; 7 lorry, L;
8 ship, S; 9 plane, A; 1O train, L; 11 bus, L; 12 yacht, S
Activity 3, p4: tram, train, bus, plane
Activity 4, p5: 1 office; 2 stop; 3 rank; 4 room; 5 traffic;
6 in; 7 lounge, control; 8 rack
Activity 5, ps: 1 catch; 2 missed; 3 print; 4 got; 5 buy;
6 change; 7 checked; 8 went; 9 boarded; 10 gave
Activity 6, p5: 1 O; 2 E/F; 3 A/G; 4 NG; 5 C; 6 B; 7 E/F; 8 H
Activity 7, pS: 1 track (railway/underground station);
2 crossing (railway line); 3 runway (airport);
4 roundabout (road); 5 tunnel (railway/road/
underground tunnel); 6 line (the Tube/underground)
Activity 8, p5: 1 cancel, have; 2 wear; 3 get; 4 keep, get;
5 take; 6 rush, get stuck; 7 fill up
Activity 9, p5: 1 crossing; 2 puncture; 3 speed cal")lera;
4 rush hour; 5 seat belt; 6 speeding ticket; 7 travel
sickness
Activity 10, p6: 1 brochure; 2 events; 3 accommodation;
4 timetables; 5 Maps; 6 contact; 7 opening, charges;
8 natural; 9 sightseeing; 1O tight
Activity 11, p6: A2; 81; C7; 04; E6; FS; G3
Activity 12, p6: 1 self; 2 double; 3 share; 4 bunk; 5 fully;
6 suite; 7 facilities; 8 friendly; 9 advance; 1O minute;
11 deals; 12 guest; 13 resort
Activity 13, p7: 1 flight; 2 excursions; 3 journey;
4 voyage; 5 trip; 6 tour; 7 travel
Activity 14, p7: 1 beach holiday; 2 city break; 3 winter
holiday; 4 all-inclusive; 5 package holiday; 6 safari;
7 adventure holiday; 8 cruise
Activity 15, p7: 1 guide; 2 representative; 3 tourist;
4 passenger; 5 guard; 6 inspector
Activity 16, p7: 1 S; 2L; 3L; 45; SL; 6L; 7L; 8US; 95; 1OL
Activity 17, p7: students' own answers.
Activity 18, p7: 1 trip; 2 flight; 3 travel; 4 tour; 5 excursion
Activity 19, p7: sandy beaches; breatht"i!king views;
winding roads; thrilling rides; ancient ruins; scorching
temperatures; architectural wonders
Activity 20, p7: 1 broke; 2 rescue; 3 luggage: 4 crashed; 5
ambulance; 6 sunburned; 7 lost; 8 sick; 9 safety;
10 lifejacket
Activity 1, p8: students' own answers.
Activity 2, p8: Speaker 1 talks about a scary incident
during a c�mping trip.; Speaker 2 gives reasons why
he'd like to travel around the world by motorbike.
Activity 3, p8: students' own answers.
Activity 4, p8: 1B; 20; 3A; 4C
Activity 5, p9: students' own answers.
Activity 6, p9: students' own answers.
Activity 7, p9: students' own answers.
Activity 1, p9: 1A; 20; 3C; 4A; SB
Activity 2, p9: 1C; 2E; 3A; 48; 50
Activity 3, p9: 1 in; 2 with; 3 for; 4 about; 5 in; 6 to
Activity 1, p10: students' own answers.
Activity 2, p10: 1 Since then - a date or event; 2 This - a
reason; 3 he - a person who appears suddenly; 4 it -
something surprising; 5 That - something someone
does or says
Activity 3, p1O: 1 B; 2A; 3A; 48
Activity 4, p11: 1 O; 28; 3E
Activity 5, p11: 1 is lying; 2 sighed; 3 drifted; 4 followed;
5 picked; 6 gasped
Activity 6 and 7, p11: students' own answers.
Activity 1, p134: 1 E; 2A; 3C; 48
Activity 2, p134: 1 F; 2(; 3A; 40; SG; 6E; 7H; SB
Activity 1, p13: students' own answers.
Activity 2, p13: 1 e.g. I see your point, but I still think
holidays in the mountains are too tiring.; 2 e.g. You're
right to some extent, but I think that climbing is worth
trying out.; 3 e.g. What I meant is that not everybody
likes to be passive during holidays. I to spend their
holidays in a passive way.; 4 e.g. If you ask me, I'd say
that holidays with friends are the best choice.
Activity 3, 4 and S, p13: students' own answers.
Activity 1, p14: 1, e.g. Many people think that new babies
know their mother's face straight away.
2, e.g. But in reality newborn babies identify their
mother mainly by recognising their voice.
3, e.g. According to specialists, it hasn't been proven
whether children under the age of three weeks can
recognise anything by sight or not.
4, e.g. A newborn baby cannot see clearly, but its
eyesight gradually improves until it becomes ideal at
the age of two.
Activity 1, p14: students' own answers.
Activity 2, p14: 1B; 2B
Activity 3, p14: 1B; 2C; 3A; 48; SC
Activity 4, p14: 1 B; 2A; 3(; 4A; SB
Activity S, p1 S: students' own answers
Activity 1, p1 S: Adjectives into verbs: 1 shyly; 2 terribly;
3 funnily; 4 actively; S unhappily; Verbs into nouns:
1 belief; 2 death; 3 loss; 4 safety; S sight; Nouns and
adjectives into verbs: 1 summarise; 2 activate; 3
broaden; communicate
Activity 2, p15: 1 travellers; 2 pride; 3 hugely; 4 sights
Activity 3, p1 S: 1 visitors; 2 belief; 3 unsuccessful; 4 loss
Activity 1, p16: students' own answers.
Activity 2, p16: 1 e.g. I spent a week of my holidays in
the north of France.; 2 e.g. I stayed in a small town in
the countryside.; 3 e.g. I was disappointed with the
weather.; 4 e.g. The hotel had lots of facilities and the
staff was very friendly.; S e.g. I went on an amazing tour
of Carnac.; e.g. I enjoyed my holidays but I think I'll try
somewhere else next year.
Activity 3, p16: 1 Luckily; 2 Surprisingly; 3 Obviously;
4 Unfortunately; 5 �nderstandably; 6 Sadly
Activity 4 and 5, p17: students' own answers.
Activity 1, p17: students' own answers.
Activity 2, p17: 1 e.g. I'm afraid I have several complaints
about the arrangements for our winter holidays.; 2 e.g.
The condition of the bathroom and the hotel restaurant
was unacceptable.; 3 e.g. We were not the only ones
who were unhappy with the service.; 4 e.g. The manager
of the campsite refused to listen to our complaints.;
5 e.g. I strongly suggest that you train your
representatives better.; 6 e.g. It goes without saying
that without introducing changes, the company will
lose customers.
Activity 3, p17: students' own answers.
VOCABULARY OVERVIEW, p19: 1 book; 2 travel;
3 brochures; 4 festivals; 5 passes; 6 terminal; 7 checked;
8 lounge; 9 flight; 1O representative; 11 coach;
12 temperature(s); 13 share; 14 single; 15 en suite;
16 excursion; 17 tour; 18 guide; 19 diving; 20 trips;
21 runway

Activity 1, p20: 1 literature; 2 photography; 3 drama;
4 opera; 5 sculpture; 6 ballet; 7 poetry; 8 painting; 9 film
Activity 2, p20: A 2; B 10; C 1; D 6; E 5; F 9; G 8; H 4; I 7; J 3
Activity 3, p21: 1 writer, author; 2 photographer;
3 novelist; 4 playwright; 5 poet; 6 composer; 7 band
Activity 4, p21: Books: chapter, best-seller, paperback,
cover, index, album; Theatre: scene, act, interval, set,
curtain, special effects; Film: special effects, blockbuster,
3-D, soundtrack, extra, best-seller; Art: sketch,
landscape, oil painting, portrait, still life, self-portrait;
Music: orchestra, album, lyrics, instruments, tune, best­
seller
Activity 5, p21: 1 trilogy; 2 cast; 3 performances; 4 plot;
5 characters; 6 set; 7 costumes; 8 programme; 9 make­
up; 10 entertainment
Activity 6, p21: A 5; B 6; C 2; D 3; E 4; F 1
Activity 7, p21: students' own answers.
Activity 8, p22: 1 D; 2 G; 3 F; 4 I; 5 J; 6 A; 7 B; 8 E; 9 C; 1O H
Activity 9, p22: 1 rhyme; 2 sequel; 3 blurb; 4 chS)rus;
5 illustrations; 6 close-ups
Activity 10, p22: students' own answers.
Activity 11, p22: 1 novel; 2 tale; 3 music; 4 fiction;
5 music; 6 novel; 7 verse; 8 music; 9 poem
Activity 12, p22: 1 office; 2 festivals; 3 studio; 4 gallery;
5 libraries; 6 studios; 7 halls; 8 stage
Activity 13, p22: 1 violin; 2 cello; 3 xylophone; 4 drum;
5 trumpet; 6 guitar; 7 saxophone; 8 flute; 9 piano;
1 O tambourine
Activity 14, p22: students' own answers.
Activity 15, p22: 1 in; 2 in; 3 with; 4 by; 5 on
Activity 16, p22: 1 out; 2 up; 3 over; 4 up; 5 out; 6 out;
?down
Activity 17, p23: 1 glued; 2 edge; 3 caught; 4 off; 5 gave;
6 put; 7 death
Activity 18, p23: students' own answers.
Activity 19, p23: 1 make, write, did; 2 cast, playing, lines;
3 shortlisted, recorded; 4 putting, playing, steal, get
Activity 20, p23: 1 title; 2 ovation; 3 reviews;
4 ghostwriter; 5 Supporting; 6 read; 7 auction;
8 editions
Activity 21, p23: 1 review; 2 contestant; 3 autograph;
4 stage fright
Activity 22, p23: 1 reporter; 2 daily; 3 tabloid; 4 articles;
5 interest; 6 cover; 7 front; 8 headline; 9 deadlines;
10 issues; 11 paparazzi
Activity 23, p23: 1 subtitles, dubbed; 2 presenter. host;
3 reality TV, soap operas
Activity 24, p23: 1 (; 2 E; 3 D; 4 A; 5 F; 6 B
Activity 1, p24: students' own answers.
Activity 1, p24: 1 B; 2 C; 3 B; 4 (; 5 A; 6 A
Activity 3, p24: 1 take; 2 become; 3 enjoy; 4 lose
Activity 4, p24: brilliant; fresh; easy-to-read; uninteresting;
modern; traditional; great; interesting
Activity S, p24: students' own answers.
Activity 6, p25: 1 F; 2 T; 3 T; 4 T; 5 F
Activity 7, p25: 1 +; 2 -; 3 -; 4 +; 5 T
Activity 8, p25: students' own answers.
Activity 1, p25: 1 B; 2 A; 3 C
Activity 2 and 3, p25: students' own answers.
Activity 4, p25: 1 E; 2 B; 3 D; 4 C
Activity S, p2S: 1 O; 2 E; 3 8; 4 C; 5 A
Activity 1, p26: students' own answers.
Activity 2, p26: 1C; 28; 30; 48
Activity 3, p27: 1 taste; 2 blames; 3 alike; 4 banned;
5 minority
Activity 4, p27: 1D; 28; 30; 48
...
Activity 5, p27: 1 gap; 2 featured; 3 members; 4 credi�s;
5 signed
Activity 6, p27: students' own answers.
Activity 1, p28: 1 D; 2A; 38; 4D; SB
Activity 2, p28: 1 B; 2(; 30; 4A

Activity 1, p29: students'own answers.

Activity 2, p29: 1 e.g. I like the idea of seeing the
photographic exhibition the most.; 2 e.g. I'd rather go
to the concert than to the cinema because listening to
music appeals to me much more than watching a film.;
3 e.g. Watching 3-D movies appeals to me more than
watching 2-D movies.; 4 e.g. Watching TV programmes
appeals to me more than reading books.; 5 e.g. I like the
idea of watching the theatre play because I like theatre
the most.
Activity 3, 4 and 5, p29: students' own answers.

Activity 1, p30: students' own answers.

Activity 2, p30: 1C; 2B; 3A; 48; 5/\
Activity 3, p31: 1A; 2C; 3A; 48; SA
Activity 1, p31: 1 asked about the price; 2 never resigned
from/quit painting; 3 don't remember being; 4 how
long I paint
Activity 2, p31: 1 encouraged me to see; 2 what made
me interested; 3 hate going to the; 4 remember to
watch

\
Activity 1, p32: students'own answers.
Activity 2, p32: [insert facsimile of the letter from the
original TB1 Activity 2 p 154)
Activity 3, p32: students' own answers.
Activity 1, p33: [insert facsimile of the letter from the
original T81 Activity 1 p.155]
Activity 2 and 3, p33: students' own answers.
VOCABULARY OVERVIEW, p35: 1 bookworm; 2 daily;
3 novels; 4 best-seller; 5 paperback; 6 trilogy; 7 based;
8 blockbusters; 9 effects; 1O directed; 11 subtitles;
12 glued; 13 played; 14 fright; 15 violin; 16 turned;
17 classical; 18 ballets; 19 folk; 20 band; 21 live; 22 stage;
23 clapping

Activity 1, p36: 1 sailing [BJ; 2 basketball [T]; 3 golf [BJ;
4 boxing [I]; 5 football [TJ; 6 tennis [BJ; 7 cricket [TJ;
8 wrestling [I]; 9 rowing [BJ; 10 diving [IJ; 11 racing [BJ;
12 cycling [BJ; 13 athletics [BJ; 14 volleyball [TJ; 15
climbing [BJ
Activity 2, p36: 1 sailor; 2 basketball player; 3 golfer/golf
player; 4 boxer; 5 footballer/football player; 6 tennis
player; 7 cricketer/cricket player; 8 wrestler; 9 rower;
10 diver; 11 racing driver; 12 cyclist; 13 athlete;
14 volleyball player; 15 climber
Activity 3, p36: 1 archery (G); 2 canoeing (D); 3 rugby (A);
4 martial arts (H); 5 weightlifting (B); 6 shot put (E);
7 hockey (C); 8 baseball (F)
Activity 4, p37: students' own answers.
Activity S, p37: 1 go; 2 do; 3 play; 4 go; 5 do; 6 do; 7'play;
890
Activity 6, p37: 1 O; 2F; 3G; 4A; SC; 6E; 78
Activity 7, p37: students' own answers.
Activity 8, p37: Place: pitch, court, ring, course, trQck,
rink, pool, club; Equipment: oar, net, racket, bow, club,
board; Clothes: gloves. goggles, helmet, boots, wetsuit,
tracksuit
Activity 9, p37: students' own answers.
Activity 10, p37: 1 pitch; 2 tracksuits; 3 wetsuit(s);
4 goggles; 5 clubs; 6 gloves; 7 course; 8 boots;
9 helmets
Activity 11, p38: 1 for, against; 2 in; 3 out; 4 with, to; 5 up;
6 off, on; 7 up; 8 up
Activity 12, p38: 1 trophy; 2 runner-up; 3 manager;
4 captain.
Activity 13, p38: 1 scored; 2 beat, win; 3 took; 4 broke;
5 hit; 6 entered; 7 missed, drew
Activity 14, p38: 1 top; 2 prize; 3 personal; 4 photo;
5 false; 6 league; 7 talking; 8 time; 9 hat; 1 O final; 11 free;
12 final; 13 home
Activity 15, p38: 1 spectators, audience; 2 qualified,
succeeded; 3 stadium, podium; 4 game, match
Activity 16, p39: 1 football; 2 tennis; 3 tennis; 4 boxing/
wrestling; 5 long jump; 6 high jump� 7 golf; 8 relay race;
9 tennis/volleyball; 10 horse racing; 11 Formula One
Activity 17, p39: students'own answers.
Activity 18, p39: 1 defending; 2 gap; 3 finish; 4 retain;
5 neck and neck; 6 approach; 7 pulling; 8 length;
9 clear; 1 O cross; 11 running; 12 got; 13 a lead; 14 point;
15 keep; 16 field
Activity 19, p39: 1 promoted; 2 went; 3 fees; 4 fixing;
5 amateur; 6 endorse; 7 paid
Activity 1, p40: students' own answers.
Activity 2, p40: 1 D; 2(; 3E; 4A
Activity 3, p40: students' own answers.
Activity 4, p40: 1 A; 2B; 3C; 4A; SA; 6C
Activity S, p41: 1 e.g. Another skier crashed into me.;
2 e.g. They played like amateurs.; 3 e.g. Extreme sports
are thrilling.; 4 e.g. We beat the other team in really
great style.
Activity 6, p41: students'own answers.
Activity 1, p41: 1 A; 20; 38; 4C; 50
Activity 2, p41: 1 the 'technology'of kitesurfing; 2 the
fact that kitesurfing is not a new sport; 3 kitesurfing;
4 physics book; 5 kitesurfing, which is not massively
popular
Activity 3, p41: 1 C; 2A; 3 E; 4B
Activity 4, p41: lG; 2�; 3F; 4C; SD; 6E; 7A
Activity 1, p42: students'own answers.
Activity 2, p42: 1 F; 2D; 3A; 4B
Activity 3, p43: students' own answers.
Activity 4, p43: 1 D; 2F; 3A; 4C
Activity 5, p43: 1 worth; 2 lead; 3 cope; 4 give; 5 make;'
6 is offering
Activity 6, p43: students' own answers. thought that more competition among young children
Activity 1, p44: lC; 2A; 3A; 4B was not a good thing; 3 I definitely agree with that
Activity 2, p44: 1 gruelling; 2 friction; 3 word; view.; 41 feel very strongly that young children should
4 conviction; 5 duration; 6 countless be encouraged to enter competitions, but not be
forced. Then, they will be more likely to continue
playing sport when they are older and lead a healthier
lifestyle.
Activity 2 and 3, p49: students' own answers.
Activity 1, p45: students' own answers.
VOCABULARY OVERVIEW, p51: 1 judo; 2 rowing;
Activity 2, p4S: 1 e.g. This photograph shows an excited
3 taking; 4 equipment; S helmets; 6 wetsuits; 7 pool;
person.; 2 e.g. In the foreground, I can see people
8 pitch; 9 courts; 1O train; 11 trophies; 12 championship;
practising/doing yoga.; 3 e.g. In the background, we
13 athlete; 14 jumper; 15 record; · 6 round; 17 gymnast;
can see sports fans watching a match.;
18 went; 19 part
4 e.g. The man in the picture gives the impression of being
relaxed.; S e.g. The woman in the picture looks as if
she has just finished running/jogging.; 6 e.g. I get the
impression that the people in the photograph are not
satisfied with the results they have achieved.
Activity 3, 4 and S, p45: students' own answers.

Activity 1, p46: 1 T; 2 F 42.195 kilometres; 3T; 4 F; 5 T; 6 F

1 0 events; 7 T.
1 A; 2C; 38; 4(; SA; 6A
Activity 2, p46: students' own answers.
Activity 3, p46: make: a decision, progress, a good
impression on someone, fun of someone/something,
1C; 2A; 3A
sure, the most of; take: place, part, care of someone/
something, an exam, pride in someone/something, up
jogging, advice; do: your best, the fighting, someone
1 8; 28; 3A; 4A; SC
a favour, an exam; give: someone a hand, up jogging,
advice, someone a call
Activity 4, p46: students' own answers.
students' own answers.
Activity 5, p46: 1 B; 2A; 3C; 4A; SB
Activity 6, p47: 1 A; 2B; 3C; 4C; SB
Activity 7, p47: students' own answers. 18; 2A; 3C
Activity 1, p47: 1 D; 2E; 3A; 4G; SC; 6F; 7B
Activity 2, p47: 1 D; 2C; 3A; 46
Activity 3, p47: 1 B; 2(; 30; 4A lA; 28; 30; 40; SC

1 furniture/furnishings; 2 independent; 3 affordable; 4

Activity 1, p48: students' own answers. exceptionally
Activity 2, p48: 1 Canoeing, camping, barbecuing,
listening to music.; 7 They got the right equipment
\
and organised enjoyable events (barbecue, musical Students' own answers.
evening).; 3 He/she is not fit enough and got tired of
paddling very quickly.; 4 Because he/she liked this one
very much. Students' own answers.
Activity 3, p48: students' own answers.
Activity 4, p49: students' own answers.
Activity 1, p49: 1 But is that right?; 2 Some people in the
class thought that it was a good ides, but I was amazed
that a lot of students were against it, especially as
regards yound children. People made many different
points, but final vote showed that most of the class

Activity 1, p56: 1 pale; 2 better; 3 wrong; 4weak; 5 dizzy;
6 faint; 7 unwell; 8 sick; 9 stressed; 10 right
Activity 2, p56: 1 shattered; 2 off-colour; 3 forgetful;
4 puffed, aching; 5 lagged; 6 weather
Activity 3, p56: 1 eyebrow; 2 cheek; 3 chest; 4 stomach;
5 hip; 6 knee; 7 ankle; 8 toe; 9 foot; 1Ocalf; 11 thigh;
12 back; 13 arm; 14elbow; 15 head/hair; 16fingers
Activity 4, p57: 1 c; 2 u; 3 h; 4g; 5 b; 6 k; 7 w
Activity S, p57: 1 gums; 2 knuckles; 3 lungs; 4joints;
5 liver; 6 veins
Activity 6, p57: AS; B 1; C6; 04; E2; F3; G7
Activity 7, p57: students' own answers.
Activity 8, p57: 1 poisoning; 2 migraine; 3 measles;
4 virus; 5 allergy; 6 cancer; 7 diabetes
Activity 9, p57: 1C; 2A; 3F; 4E; SB; 60
Activity 10, p57: 1C; 20; 3E; 4F; SB; 6A
Activity 11, p58: 1 hurt; 2 taken; 3 get; 4 see; 5 book;
6 write; 7 get/have; 8 have; 9have; 10 gave; 11 put;
12 rest; 13 reduced; 14 put
Activity 12, p58: students' own answers.
Activity 13, p58: 1 down; 2 out; 3 up; 4 up; 5 up; 6 over;
7 on
Activity 14, p58: 1 splitting; 2 itchy; 3 black; 4 fatal;
5 blurred; 6 contagious; 7 torn
Activity 15, p58: 1 C; 2E; 3 B; 4F; SA; 60
Activity 16, p58: 1 Follow; 2 down; 3 work; 4 spend;
5 shape; 6 supplement; 7 well-; 8 avoid; 9 early; 10 bags;
11 vaccinations
Activity 17, p58: students' own answers.
Activity 18, p59: 1 guide; 2 blind; 3 partially; 4 disabilities;
5 hearing; 6 wheelchair; 7 crutches; 8 stick;
9independent; lOca�r
Activity 19, p59: 1 alcoholics; 2 prescription; 3 trafficking;
4 gaming; 5 counselling; 6 hooked
Activity 20, p59: 1 take; 2 high; 3 overdoes; 4 rehab;
5 come; 6 therapy; 7 cold; 8 clean; 9cravings
Activity 21, p59: 1 GP; 2 surgery; 3 nurse; 4symptoms;
5 centre; 6 urgent; 7 home; 8 pain; 9 stroke;
10 treatment; 11 ambulance; 12 paramedics;
13 Emergency
Activity 22, p59: 1 pharmacy; 2 ward; 3 stretcher; 4 first
aid; 5 surgeon; 6 nurse; 7 optician
Activity 23, p59: 1 acupuncturist; 2 psychiatrist;
3 physiotherapist; 4 anaesthetist; 5 paediatrician
Activity 1, p60: students' own answers.
Activity 2, p60: lT; 2F; 3F; 4T; ST
Activity 3, p60: 1C; 2A; 3C; 4A; SA; 68
Activity 4, p61: 1 anxious; 2 aggressive; 3 hopeless;
4 active; 5 stressed; 6 unable; 7 medical; 8 practical;
9 scientific; 1O successful
Activity S, p61: 1 un ; 2 ir-; 3 un-; 4 in-; 5 im­
Activity 6, p61: students' own answers.
Activity 1, p61: lA; 2C; 38
Activity 2, p61: 1 B; 2E; 3C; 40
Activity 3, p61: students' own answers.
\
Activity 1, p62: students' own answers.
Activity 2, p62: 1 E; 2C; 3B
Activity 3, p63: 1 down; 2 at; 3 off; 4 with; 5 with; 6 after
Activity 4, p62: 1 C; 20; 3A
Activity 5, p63: 1 chatted; 2 sharp; 3 mind; 4 needle;
5 turn; 6 queued
Activity 6, p63: students' own answers.
Activity 1, p64: 1 B; 2E; 30
Activity 2, p64: 1 fight; 2 turn; 3 make; 4 going; 5 get;
6 cutting
 : ,_ ;.. :,J..tf£r�; .
ANSWER KEY.� , '':.., 1.1"\.��.rH:��

Activity 5, p69: students' own answers.

Activity 1, p69: a-An elderly lady fell on the escalator.
Activity 1, p65: students' own answers. Her scarf had got caught in the machine, but instead
Activity 2, p65: 1 e.g. Instead of preparing a presentation, of stopping, the escalator continued moving. I In
we could record a video clip.; 2 e.g. I'm afraid I'm not addition to this, I nearly slipped myself on the floor that
too keen on your idea.; 3 e.g. I'm fine with your idea/ had previously been cleaned. There was no warning
suggestion.; 4 e.g. OK. Let's do it your way if you insist.; sign.; b-I hope that you close it to the public until you
S e.g. So first, let 's agree on the topic and then look have either replaced or repaired it. I Also, a member
for some information about it.; 6 e.g. I suggest you of the staff should have been close by to phone an
do the tests in a different hospital.? e.g. I'm sorry but ambulance. I(. .. ) your staff should be better trained
I think recording an interview in the hospital will be in how to prevent accidents. I I am sure that I am not
impossible. alone in asking you to pay more attention to safety in
the centre. You also J:Jeed to have more staff available
Activity 3, 4 and 5, p65: students' own answers.
to help if accidents do happen.
Activity 2, p69: 1 express my concern; 2 issues; 3 I was
impressed by; 4 I am appalled; 5 a fundamental aspect
Activity 3 and 4, p69: students' own answers.
Activity 1, p66: students' own answers.
VOCABULARY OVERVIEW, p71: 1 unwell; 2 picked;
Activity 2, p66: 1 B; 28; 3A; 4A 3 dizzy; 4 headache; S runny; 6 sore; 7 pharmacy;
Activity 3, p66: 1 B; 2(; 3A; 4 B; SC 8 mixture; 9 painkillers; 10 sick; 11 better; 12 hurt;
Activity 4, p66: 1 A; 2A; 38; 4A; SC 13 ambulance; 14 paramedic; 15 broken; 16 injection;
Activity 5, p67: students' own answers. 17 pain; 18 plaster; 19 crutches; 20 wheelchair
Activity 1, p67: 1 e.g. He went to the clinic in order to
have a check-up.; 2 e.g. Although he tried hard, he
could not lose weight.; 3 e.g. I've never had such a rash
before. I Never before have I had such a rash.; 4 e.g. The
man in the ambulance refused to help me.; 5 e.g. When
I was a child, I would fall ill every time I went outside in
the winter.
Activity 2, p67: 1 have just had my leg; 2 cut down on;
3 Jenny had a headache was; 4 short of breath
Activity 3, p67: 1 coming down with flu; 2 made me take;
3 so that I could get; 4 moment the ambulance is here

Activity 1, p68: students' own answers.

Activity 2, p68: 1 I fell off my bike and I was in hospital for
a few days; 2 I was cycling home from school when I hit
a car. It wasn't my fault. The driver hadn't seen me and
he turned right just in front of me. I couldn't stop and I
bumped straight into the car.; 3 ( . . . )my leg was broken.
I had also broken two fingers.; 4 All the doctors and the
nurses were very caring.
Activity 3, p68: suggested answers: 1 fell off; 2 was
cycling; 3 couldn't; 4 cycling; S was broken; 6 haven't
written
Activity 4, p68: students' own answers.

Activity 1, p72: 1 archaeology; 2 biology; 3 astronomy;
4 genetics; 5 geology; 6 oceanography; 7 psychology;
8 engineering; 9 ecology; 10 meteorology; 11 anatomy
Activity 2, p72: 1 archaeologist; 2 biologist; 3 astronomer;
4 geneticist; 5 geologist; 6 oceanographer;
7 psychologist; 8 engineer; 9 ecologist; 10
meteorologist; 11 anatomist
Activity 3, p72: '. binoculars; 2 battery; 3 light bulb;
4 satnav; 5 microwave oven; 6 hairdryer; 7 digital
camera; 8 photocopier; 9 remote control I A6; 85; C7;
03; E8; F2; G9; H4; 11
Activity 4, p73: students' own answers.
Activity 5, p73: 1 influence; 2 difference; 3 charger;
4 gadgets; 5 tablet; 6 wireless; 7 controls; 8 cordless;
9 ready-cooked
Activity 6, p73: 1 done; 2 followed; 3 kept; 4 do; 5 make;
6 write up; 7 reached; 8 make
Activity 7, p73: 1 discovery, development; 2 experiments;
3 inventions; 4 predictions; 5 survey
Activity 8, p73: 1 hypothesis; 2 exploration; 3 diagnosis,
examination; 4 observation; 5 proof; 6 analysis
Activity 9, p73: 1 test; 2 compile; 3 forecast; 4 develop;
5 report; 6 register; 7 clone
Activity 10, p73: charge your phone; dial a number;
surf the Net; set the burglar alarm; take a photograph;
replace the light bulb; press a button; record a
programme; turn up the volume; switch off the engine
Activity 11, p73: 1 switch off the engine; 2 set the burglar
alarm; 3 charge your phone; 4 replace the light bulb;
5 turn up the volume; 6 take a photograph
Activity 12, p74: 1 manual; 2 card; 3 cartridge; 4 batteries;
5 headphones; 6 socket I A 1; 85; C3; 02; E4; F6
Activity 13, p74: 1 reply to; 2 open; 3 forward; 4 start up;
5 stream; 6 connect to; 7 copy; 8 restart; 9 edit
Activity 14, p74: AS; Bl; C9; 06; E3; F8; G7; H 1 O; 12; J4
Activity 15, p74:A11; 88; C9; 013; E12; F7; G3; H6; 15; Ji;
K2; L4; M10
Activity 16, p74: 1 predictive;) instant; 3 stream; 4 insert;
5 minimise
Activity 17, p74: 1 calls; 2 conferencing; 3 spreadsheets;
4 browsing; 5 smartphone
Activity 18, p75: 1 broken; 2 crashed; 3 virus; 4 deleted;
5 losing; 6 froze; 7 signal; 8 click; 9 link; 10 resend;
11 application; 12 processing; 13 set
Activity 19, p75: 1 bounced; 2 server; 3 catch; 4 buffering;
5 attachment; 6 soft ware; 7 identity; 8 protecting;
9 date
Activity 20, p75: students' own answers.
Activity 1, p76: students' own answers.
Activity 2, p76: 1 B; 2E; 3A; 4(
Activity 3, p76: 1 on (4); 2 on (2); 3 over (3); 4 for (1 ); 5 up
(2); 6 out (1)
Activity 4, p76: 1 C; 2A; 38; 4(; SB; 6C
Activity 5, p76: 1 electronic; 7 science; 3 interactive;
4 futuristic; 5 positive
Activity 6, p77: students' own answers.
Activity 1, p77: 1 O; 2A; 3(; 4A; SB
Activity 2, p77: 1 A; 28; 3C
Activity 3, p77: 1 advancement; 2 severe; 3 the onset;
4 cutting-edge; 5 dimension; 6 comprehensible; 7 offer
you an insight into; 8 alleviate; 9 come up with
Activity 1, p78: students'own answers.
Activity 2, p78: 1C; 28; 38
Activity 3, p78: 1B; 2A; 3A; 48; SB
Activity 4, p79: 1 B; 2B; 3C
Activity 5, p79: 1 realistic; 2 nightmare; 3 speech;
4 ignored; 5 sharp
Activity 6, p79: students' own answers.
Activity 1, p80: 1 B; 2(; 38; 48; SC
Activity 2, p80: 1 raised; 2 restrained; 3 kidnap;
4 smashed; 5 alter
Activity 1, p81: students' own answers.
Activity 2, p81: 1 e.g. This exhibition would be of
interest to me because !_want to find out more about
archaeology.; 2 e.g. I'd choose a programme about
robots because it'd allow me to learn more about
how they work.; 3 e.g. I wouldn't pick a book about
inventions simply because I am not interested in this
subject.; 4 e.g. I think the invention of antibiotics was
revolutionary because it has helped lo save the lives of
many people.
Activity 3, 4 and 5, p81: students' own answers.
Activity 1, p84: students' own answers.
Activity 2, p84: 1 ( . .. )on quite late; 2 ( ... )because it
was about the subject we're dealing with I( ... ) really
admire; 3 ( ... )was all about the planets. I( ... ) we shall
ever send people to planets I ( . . . ) if we cou Id live there:
4 inspiring; 5 ( . . . )boring facts sound very interesting I
fantastic pictures; 6 If you like( . .. )I you'll also love I(. .. )
science documentary series
Activity 3, p84: students' own answers.
Activity 4, p85: students' own answers.
Activity 1, 2 and 3, p85: students' own answers.
VOCABULARY OVERVIEW, p87: 1 doing;
2 measurements; 3 keeping; 4 do; 5 findings; 6 analyse;
7 theories; 8 gadgets; 9 robot; 1 O remote; 11 invent; 12
make; 13 send; 14 processing; 15 edit; 16 save;
1 7 websites; 18 viruses; 19 branch

\
Activity 1, p82: students' own answers.
Activity 2, p82: 1 the Internet; 2 an experiment; 3 a
subject; 4 an icon; 5 a website; 6 a comment; 7 a
system; 8 the tiles
Activity 3, p82: 1 A; 2(; 38; 4A; SC
Activity 4, p82: 1 B; 2A; 3A; 4C; SC
Activity 5, p83: students' own answers.
Activity 1, p83: 1 out; 2 to; 3 down; 4 up; 5 in
Activity 2, p83: 1 I telephon ed to my father to tell him
I'd be late.; 2 Jessica married with an owner of a big IT
company.; 3 When we entered the office. we saw a pair
of thieves stealing our computers.; 4 He was operated
on by one of the top surgeons.; 5 He borrowed me
some money. or: He lent me.; 6 We don't approve
of social networking sites. 7 He spends a lot of time
surfing the Net.
Activity 3, p83: 1 wouldn't have shut it down; 2 whose
idea it had been; 3 is being carried out right now; 4 ran
out of time
Activity 4, p83: 1 had my mobile (phone) stolen; 2 he
rings you; 3 would have won; 4 have been insisting on
my studying I that I study

Activity 1, p88: 1 fog; 2 frost; 3 shower; 4 ice; 5 storm;
6 clouds; 7 thunder; 8 snow; 9 lightning
Activity 1, p88: 1 foggy; 2 frosty; 3 showery; 4 icy;
5 stormy; 6 cloudy; 7 thundery; 8 snowy; 9 (-)
Activity 3, p88: 1 A climate, B weather; 2 A rose, reached,
B falls, dropped; 3 A warm up, B cool off; 4 A chilly, B
freezing; 5 A mild, B humid
Activity 4, p89: 1 heavy/torrential; 2 torrential; 3 baking;
4 scattered/light; 5 bitterly; 6 thick; 7 overcast/heavy;
8 light; 9 gale-force; 10 dry
Activity 5, p89: 1 frozen; 2 stale; 3 skimmed; 4 baked;
5 tinned; 6 sparkling; 7 low-calorie; 8 dried; 9 soft;
10 fresh
Activity 6, p89: A2; 84; C1; 07; ES; F3; G6
Activity 7, p89: 1 petal; 2 trunk; 3 stem; 4 soil; 5 twig;
6 thorn
Activity 8, p89: 1 tidy up; 2 dug up; 3 planted; 4 sowed;
5 pick; 6 mow; 7 trim; 8 water; 9 cut
Activity 9, p89: 1 polar bear; 2 parrot; 3 deer; 4 s.wan;
5 shark; 6 caterpillar; 7 bat; 8 monkey; 9 dolphin
Activity 10, p90: 1 mammals: whale, polar bear, fox, wolf,
tiger, cow, deer, dolphin, donkey, goat, monkey, rabbit,
hamster, bat; 2 birds: eagle, owl, penguin, swan, parrot;
3 fish: shark, trout; 4 reptiles: crocodile, snake, tortoise;
5 insects: caterpillar, butterfly; 6 domestic animals: cow,
donkey, goat, parrot, rabbit, hamster; 7 farm animals:
cow, donkey, goat; 8 wild animals: whale, deer, polar
bear, fox, wolf. tiger, dolphin, monkey, bat. shark,
trout, crocodile, snake, tortoise; 9 animals not native
to Ukraine: shark, crocodile, whale, polar bear, tiger,
dolphin, donkey, tortoise, monkey, penguin, parrot
Activity 11, p90: 1 frog, lizard; 2 grizzly bear, coyote;
3 falcon, eagle
Activity 12, p90: 1 horse; 2 bird; 3 fish; 4 cat
Activity 13, p90: 1 badger; 2 squirrel; 3 dove; 4 turtle;
5 jellyfish; 6 gorilla;? leopard
Activity 14, p90: sea and coast cliff. beach, sand, cave,
shore, ocean, reef, island; inland: forest, mountains,
valley, field, hill, lake, stream, riverbank
Activity 15, p90: 1 coast; 2 island; 3 beach; 4 sandy;
5 clifftops; 6 caves; 7 fields; 8 forest; 9 lake; l O hills;
11 mountain
Activity 16, p90: students' own answers.
Activity 17, p90: climate change; global warming; rising
sea levels; melting ice caps; nuclear power; acid rain;
greenhouse gases
Activity 18, p90: 1 habitats; 2 endangered; 3 tipping;
4 rid; 5 landfill; 6 fossil; 7 pollution; 8 sources
Activity 19, p91: 1 get; 2 invest; 3 use; 4 ban; 5 reduce;
6 recycle; 7 increase; 8 strengthen; 9 develop
Activity 20, p91: 1 up; 2 up; 3 up, out; 4 up; 5 off
Activity 21, p91: 1 down; 2 out; 3 through, away; 4 up;
5 up
Activity 22, p91: 1 hurricane; 2 heatwave; 3 flood;
4 avalanche; 5 eruption; 6 tornado; 7 tsunami;
8 earthquake
Activity 23, p91: 1 landslide; 2 drought; 3 blizzard; 4 forest
foe; 5 ash cloud
Activity 24, p91: 1 satellite; 2 manned; 3 moon; 4 shuttle;
5 Station; 6 hole
Activity 25, p91: 1 Neptune; 2 Jupiter; 3 Venus; 4 Mercury;
5 Mars; 6 Earth; 7 Saturn; 8 Uranus
Activity 1, p92: 1 the power/strength of an earthquake;
2 our galaxy; 3 a blizzard; 4 it is extremely hot; 5 are
there in the Solar System; 6 very strong winds;
7 drought and flood; 8 the biggest planet
Activity 2, p92: students' own answers.
Activity 3, p92: 1 F; 2 F; 3 T; 4 T; 5 F
Activity 4, p92: 1 in; 2 in,(-); 3 about, on; 4 with, without,
(-); 5 to
Activity S, p92: 1 A; 2C; 3E; 40
Activity 6, p93: 1 extreme; 2 natural I endangered;
3 heavy I torrential; 4 amazing; 5 magnificent I
spectacular
Activity 7, p93: students' own answers.
Activity 1, p93: 1 B; 2A; 3C
Activity 2, p93: 1 make; 2 anticipated; 3 came;
4 outweigh; 5 raise; 6 hit; 7 see
Activity 3, p93: 1 O; 28; 3A; 4C
Activity 4, p93: that I'd originally anticipated; scientists
are paid handsomely; become terribly irritable; I'm
totally opposed to; a person who is directly affected;
Miraculously, I survived; an awfully demanding job;
enjoyed that experience tremendously
Activity 1, p94: students' own answers.
Activity 2, p94: 1 F; 20; 3C; 48
Activity 3, p9S: 1 enormous; 2 our bit; 3 convinced;
4 consequences; 5 contribute to
Activity 4, p9S: 1 C; 2F: 3E; 4A
Activity S, p95: 1 F; 20; 38; 4A; SC; 6E
Activity 6, p95: students' own answers.
Activity 1, p96: 1 C; 2 8; 3A; 4C
Activity 2, p96: 1 undeniable; 2 extracted; 3 controversial;
4 contaminated; 5 toxic; 6 converged; 7 numerous
Activity 1, p97: students' own answers.
Activity 2, p97: 1 e.g. I prefer the mountains to the
seaside.; 2 e.g. I don't mind rainy weather.; 3 e.g. I'd
rather spend my holiday in a hot than cold climate.;
4 e.g. If it was up to me, we'd have summer all the time.;
5 e.g. I'm not too keen on hot weather.; 6 e.g. I just love
it when there's a rainbow in the sky.
Activity 3 and 4, p97: students' own answers.
Activity 1, 2 and 3, p98: students' own answers.
Activity 4, p98: 1 B; 2A; 3C; 4A; SC
Activity S, p99: 1 A; 28; 3C; 4A; SB
Activity 6, p99: students' own answers.
Activity 1, p99: students' own answers.
Activity 2, p99: 1 living; 2 length; 3 successful; 4 gift
Activity 3, p99: 1 height; 2 mysterious; 3 delicacies;
4 parental
Activity 1, p100: students' own answers.
Activity 2, p100: 1 He took me to the coast(. . . ) I We
were walking and swimming.; 2 (. . . ) is very cold;
3 great; 4 lovely; 5 I'm writing to tell you I I hope to hear
from you soon.
Activity 3 and 4, p100: students' own answers.
Activity 1, p101: 1 A; 2C
Activity 2, p101: a -We all know that we need shopping
facilities close to our homes, but( . .. ) I Supermarkets
play a role in supplying us with food and drink and
so on( ... ); b - Several local environmentalists gave
speeches about how valuable it is to have green areas
for people in towns. They are good for us and they are
vital for wildlife and plants. /There are too few open
green spaces in our towns these days. Some children
grow up knowing nothing at all about trees and
animals.
Activity 3 and 4, p101: students' own answers.
VOCABULARY OVERVIEW, p103: 1 storms; 2 floods;
3 weather; 4 heavy; 5 spell; 6 drought; 7 watering;
8 forest; 9 wild; 10 lake; 11 chilly; 12 star; 13 coast;
14 rubbish; 15 to; 16 habitats; 1 7 species; 18 sites;
19 away; 20 get

Activity 1, p104: 1 election; 2 representatives;
3 campaigning; 4 term; 5 eligible; 6 wing; 7 socialist;
8 centre; 9 policies; 10 manifesto; 11 polling
Activity 2, p104: 1 Congress; 2 Representatives; 3 Senate;
4 Democrats I Republicans; 5 Republicans I Democrats;
6 federal; 7 state; 8 president; 9 monarchy; 1 O Members;
11 Parliament; 12 Commons; 13 Lords; 14 minister
Activity 3, p105: 1 citizen; 2 mayor; 3 cabinet; 4 politician;
5 minister; 6 opposition; 7 city council
Activity 4, plOS: 1 stand; 2 pass, raise; 3 debating; 4 vote;
5 won; 6 gave; 7 fought
Activity 5, plOS: 1 electorate; 2 civil servant; 3 deputy;
4 constituency; 5 spin; 6 ambassador; 7 Chancellor
Activity 6, p105: 1 coalition; 2 information; 3 reforms;
'
4 terms; 5 promises
Activity 7, plOS: students' own answers
Activity 8, plOS: 1 Union; 2 Fund; 3 Treaty; 4 Countries;
5 Health; 6 Nations; 7 Trade
Activity 9, p105: students' own answers
Activity 10, p105: 1 origins, formation; 2 growth,
resources; 3 headquarters, communicable
Activity 11, p105-106: 1 exploded, terrorists; 2 fighting,
civil; 3 intervention; 4 petition, protest, demonstrations;
5 riots; 6 forces
Activity 12, pl 06: 1 mass, invasion; 2 sanctions;
3 Negotiations; 4 civilians; 5 surrender
Activity 13, p106: 1 uprising; 2 Troops, withdrawn;
3 treaty; 4 bullets, cannons
Activity 14, p106: 1 burglaries; 2 Kidnapping; 3 murder;
4 shoplifting; 5 Drugdealing; 6 robbery; 7 fraud; 8 theft;
9 vandalism; 1 O hacking
Activity 1 S, p106: l burgle - burglar; 2 kidnap -
kidnapper; 3 murder - murderer; 4 shoplift - shoplifter;
5 deal - dealer; 6 rob - robber; 7 commit fraud -
fraudster; 8 steal - thief; 9 vandalise - vandal; 10 hack
- hacker
Activity 16, p106: 1 of; from; 3 of; 4 for; 5 for; 6 with; 7 to;
8 by
Activity 17, p106: 1 court; 2 trial; 3 jury; 4 guilty; 5 officer;
6 alibi; 7 eyewitness; 8 lawyer; 9 judge; 10 sentence
Activity 18, p107: 1 hostages; 2 victims; 3 penalty;
4 verdict; 5 testify; 6 ransom; 7 custody; 8 evidence
Activity 19, p107: 1 D; 2J; 3E; 4F; 51; 6H; 7 A; 88; 9G; 1 OC
Activity 20, pl 07: students' own answers.
Activity 21, p107: 1 immigration; 7 disability;
3 homelessness; 4 racism; 5 unemployment; 6 refugees;
7 discrimination; 8 poverty
Activity 22, p107: students' own answers.
Activity 23, p107: 1 breadline; 2 redistribution;
3 accommodation; 4 Freedom
Activity 24, p107: l difficulties; sharply; 3 bankrupt;
4 debt; 5 loan; 6 behind; 7 up; 8 off; 9 budget;
10 without
Activity 25, p107: 1 stock; 2 value; 3 recession; 4 rates;
5 markets; 6 crash; 7 inflation; 8 currency; 9 exchange;
1 O outlook; 11 downturn
Activity 1, p108: students' own answers.
Activity 2, p108: 1 T; 2F; 3 F; 4 T; 5 T
Activity 3, p108: 1 I'm really impressed by your
knowledge of fags.; 2 Girls this age don't usually
like politics, do they?; 3 I was surrounded by people
discussing politics all the time.; 4 The embassy
was regularly visited by heads of states.; 5 It's really
incredible how much flags can tell you about a nation.
Activity 4, p108: 1 B; 2(; 38; 4C; SB; 6A
Activity 5, p109: 1 government; 2 minority;
3 organisation; 4 globalisation; 5 presentation;
6 tragedy; 7 freedom; 8 independence; 9 truth;
1 O justice
Activity 6, p109: students' own answers.
Activity 1, p109: 1 A; 2C; 38; 4A; SC
Activity 2, p109: 1 globalisation; 2 what you eat every
day; 3 traditional family systems; 4 the fact that women
want greater equality; S promoting equality
Activity 3, p109: 1 O; 2C; 3E; 4A
Activity 4, p109: 1 C; 2F; 3B; 40; SA; 6E
Activity S, p109: students' own answers.
\ Activity 3 and 4, p116: students' own answers.
Activity 1, p110: students' own answers.
Activity 2, p110: 1C; 2A; 3 E
Activity 3, p110: 1 D; 2E; 3A; 4F; SC; 6B
Activity 4, p111: 10; 2B; 3A
Activity 5, p111: 1 nasty; 2 raced; 3 a real pain; 4 put up
with; 5 was eager
Activity 6, p111: students' own answers.
Activity 1, p112: 1 E; 2B; 3A; 40
Activity 2, p112: 1 rate; 2 long term; 3 would-be; 4 tap;
5 deterrent
is not fair./The meeting was in the town hall. There
were lots of students as well as some politicians and
professors(.. . ) I People made speeches and then they
took a vote(. . . ) I My friends and I are going to protest
outside the main library next Saturday. We are also
going to write a letter to the dean and ask everyone to
sign it./ Please join our protest! I We have a voice! Let's
use it!
Activity 5, p117: students' own answers.
Activity 1, p117: students' own answers.
Activity 2, p117: 1 heard about; 2 appalled; 3 contribute;
4 benefit; 5 discriminate; 6 workforce; 7 beneficial
Activity 3 and 4, p117: students' own answers.
VOCABULARY OVERVIEW, p119: 1 general; 2 won;
3 coalition; 4 party; 5 pass; 6 Conservatives; 7 council;
8 voted; 9 uprising; 1 O monarchy; 11 state; 12 civil;
13 republic; 14 robberies; 15 burglaries; 16 arrested;
17 thefts

Activity 1, p113: students' own answers.

Activity 2, p113: 1 e.g. I'm passionate about playing
the guitar.; 2 e.g. The problem I'd like to find out more
about is addictions among young people.; 3 e.g. I prefer
reading newspapers to listening to the radio news.;
4 e.g. I hardly ever read about social issues.; S e.g. I take
1 C; 2A; 3E; 48
part in charity events on a regular basis.; 6 e.g. As far as
I'm concerned, homelessness is the most serious social
problem.
10; 2A; 3(
Activity 3, 4, 5 and 6, p113: students' own answers.

1 8; 2(; 3(; 4B; SC

Activity 1, p114: students' own answers.

Activity 2, p114: 1 We use for with a period oftime e.g. Students' own answers.
for a long time, for an hour, for three months, and
since with a point in the past e.g. since 2007, since my
birthday, since last March.
1 8; 2A; 3(; 40; SC
2 He offered an apple to me. He provided me with
some help. He provided some help to me. He provided
help for me.; 3 No.; 4 e.g. set up a business; set off/out
1 O; 2B; 3A; 4A; SC
on a journey; 5 students' own answers.
Activity 3, p114: 1 A; 28; 38; 4C; 58
Activity 4, p114: 1 C; 2B; 3(; 4(; SA 1 It's(high/about) time I changed; 2 I don't fancy going;
Activity 5, p115: students' own answers. 3 wouldn't have fallen; 4 There is no point (in) lying
Activity 1, p115: lC; 2A; 30; 4A ,
Activity 2, p115: 1 C; 20; 3A; 48 \
Students' own answers.

\.
Activity 1, pl 16: students' own answers. Students' own answers.
Activity 2, p116: 1 We'll have to pay for borrowing books
from the library and using computers./ I think this
Activity 1, p124: students' own answers.
Activity 2, pl 24: 1 C; 2A; 38; 4F; SE; 60
Activity 3, pl 24: The dish being described is varenyky, or
dumplings.
Activity 4 and 5, p125: students' own answers.
Activity 6, pl 25: 1 To steam food, you put it in the steam
above boiling water; to simmer food, you bring it to
the boil and then leave it cooking on a reduced heat.;
2 With deep-fried food, you immerse it in boiling oil;
with shallow-fried food, you use less oil; with stir-fried
food, you use very little oil and keep the food moving
in a wok.; 3 fried potatoes, or chips, are cooked in oil in
a frying pan; roast potatoes have oil too, but they are
cooked in an oven; baked potatoes are cooked in the
oven (without oil) with the skins on.; 4 chopping food
means cutting it into small, cube shaped pieces; slicing
food gives you thin, flat pieces (the way bread or bacon
is often sold).
Activity 7, p125: students' own answers.
Activity 8, p125: 1 garlicky; 2juicy; 3 filling;'4 sweet;
5 chewy; 6 salty
Activity 9, pl 25: l chef; 2 cuisine; 3 recipes; 4 ingredients;
5 produce; 6 delights
Activity 1 O, p126: l blackberry; 2 breakfast; 3 cheesecake;
4 doughnut; 5 grapefruit; 6 meatball;
7 popcorn; 8 saucepan; 9 seafood; 10 tablespoon;
11 teapot; 12 watermelon
Activity 11, p126: students' own answers.
Activity 12, p127: students' own answers.
Activity 13, p127: 1 dressing; 2 portions; 3 menu;
4 fillings; 5 bill; 6 napkin; 7 speciality; 8 dish;
9 chain; 10 crab
Activity 14, p127: 1 let your body process it; 2 eat it fast;
3 not really eat it; 4 enjoy it slowly; 5 eat a lot of it;
6 drink it slowly; 7 drink it noisily; 8 eat a lot of it; 9 eat a
little of it; 10 take small bites from it
Activity 1, p128: students' own answers.
Activity 2, p128: 1 spacecraft, surface; 2implants;
3 vehicles, fuels; 4 conditions, distances
Activity 3, p128: 1 up, take up= accept; 2 into, take into
account= consider, include information about, include
(in a theory, etc); 3 off, take off= leave the ground (as in
an aeroplane); 4 in, bear in mind= remember; 5 round,
get round= avoid or deal with (a problem); 6 on, run on
= be powered by; 7 out, carrying out= doing;
8 into, look into= investigate, research; 9 on,
experiment on = doing tests on; 10 with, come up with
= think of, imagine
Activity 4, pl 28: 1 FALSE; 2 TRUE; 3 TRUE; 4 FALSE;
5 FALSE; 6 TRUE
Activity 5, pl 29: students' own answers.
Activity 6, pl 29: 1 c; 2 e; 3 b; 4 d; 5 a
Activity 7, pl 29: 1 come up with; 2 take into account;
3 facilities; 4 options; 5 social media; 6 virtual tour;
7 shape
Activity 8, p129: 1 C; 2 A; 3 B; 4 B; 5 A
Activity 1: students' own answers.
Activity 2, p130: suggested answers: 1 food, dishes;
2 scenery, view; 3 locals, people; 4 scientist, place, site;
5 holidaymakers; 6 food, speciality; 7 place, holiday
resort; 8 tourists, visitors; Negative adjectives: dull,
unfriendly, inconsiderate, exhausted
Activity 3, p130: A: There's a great atmosphere and the
locals are really welcoming. Visitors to this bustling
market should not leave without trying some of the
mouth-watering food that is on sale in the streets. B:
The view from the top of the castle is breathtaking.
But it's a hard climb, as you can tell by the number of
exhausted tourists you see there. C: Some eager visitors
 book tickets months in advance. You don't have to go
that far, but consider booking a day or two before as it
is a world-famous site and so it's very popular.
Activity 4, p130: students' own answers
Activity 5, p131: 1 A; 2 B; 3 A; 4 (; 5 D
Activity 6, p131: 1 B; 2 D; 3 C; 4 D; 5 D
Activity 7, p131: 1 part; 2 such; 3 covers; 4 development;
5 identity
Activity 8, p131: 1 C; 2 A; 3 E; 4 B; 5 D
Activity 9, p131: A 3; B 8; C 5; D 1; E 6
Activity 10, p131: students'own answers.

\
Activity 1, p132: 1 i; 2 f; 3 c; 4 d; 5 a; 6 j; 7 e; 8 h; 9 b; 1 O g
Activity 2, p132: 1 kind/species; 2 keen/eager;
3 abundance/wealth; 4 steppe/plain; 5 whole/entire;
6 confines/boundaries
Activity 3, p132: suggested answers: 1 It deserves its
position as the tourists'favourite site.; 2 Everyone
should visit the cathedral of Saint Sophia.; 3 It is unique.;
4 Access is easy on foot.; 5 We know from what we
found that there was a civilisation here.; 6 Tourists who
like excitement will enjoy this.
Activity 4 and 5, p132: student's own answers.
Activity 6, p133: 1 D; 2 B; 3 C; 4 A; 5 C
Activity 7, p133: l B; 2 B; 3 D; 4 A; 5 C
Activity 8, p133: l D; 2 B; 3 O; 4 B; 5 C; 6 D; 7 A; 8 A

Activity 1, p134: student's own answers.

Activity 1, p136: 1 A; 2 A; 3 NZ; 4 A; 5 NZ; 6 A; 7 A; 8 NZ; Activity 1, p138: students' own answers.
9 NZ; 10 A; 11 NZ; 12 NZ; 13 A; 14 NZ Activity 2, p138: 1 students' own answers; 2 C; 3 D;
Activity 2, p136: 1 ugg boots: originally worn as slippers, 4 Grammy Awards, American Music Awards, MTV Video
the name probably comes from 'ugly'. at one point Music Awar9s; 5 A; 6 A Great Britain, B Canada, C the
banned, worn as a sign of rebellion; 2 Cody Simpson: USA, D Ireland, E Scotland; 7 gospel, heavy metal, rap,
a pop and R&B singer, young but promising, won jazz, soul, blues, hip hop, country
prizes, gives concerts all over the world, great success Activity 3, p138: students' own answers.
for a person from Down Under; 3 Vegemite: in 90% of Activity 4, p139: A attached, catchy; B genre, humorous;
homes, a brown paste for sandwiches, less salty and C indigenous, contemporary
bitter than Marmite, eaten on toast with some cheese,
Activity 5, p139: students' own answers.
lettuce or avocado, considered strange by foreigners;
Activity 6, p139: 1 India, 2 New Zealand; 3 Hawaii;
4 sports: rugby, cricket, the Australian Open held in
4 Ireland; 5 Canada
Melbourne every January, almost every year a new star
Activity 7, pl 39: metis dance; audioscript p 173.
discovered and a surprise victory; 5 Australian English:
a different accent, some different vocabulary, grammar
Activity 8, p139: 1 battlefield; 2 foot stamping; 3 loud
chanting; 4 ceremonies; 5 rugby; 6 war
structures and spelling rules, called Strine, some words
present in British English Activity 9, p139: dance: noun, verb; perform: verb;
honour: noun, verb; highlight: noun, verb; go: noun,
Activity 3, p136: students' own answers.
verb; gather: noun, verb
Activity 4, p136: 1 E; 2 D; 3 B; 4 F; 5 C; 6 A
Activity 1 O, p139: 1 Liverpool; 2 jazz; 3 South Africa;
Activity 5 and 6, p137: students' own answers.
4 a wind instrument; 5 mento, ska, dub, dancehall;
Activity 7, p137: four famous New Zealanders: Edmund 6 Jamaica; 7 at rugby matches; 8 Ireland
Hillary, Ernest Rutherford, Jane Campion, Peter Jackson;
two species of animals which live only in New Zealand:
the Kakapo, the Hector's dolphin; two pieces of
information about the population of New Zealand: 4
million people, less than 5 per cent of the population is
human; two pieces of information about sport in New
Zealand: golf and rugby are the most popular sports,
New Zealand has won more Olympic gold medals per
capita than any other country; the longes.t place name,
and try to pronounce it!:
Taumatawhakatangihangakoauauotamateaturipukakapi
kimaungahoron ukupokaiwhenuakitanatahu
Activity 8, p137: students' own answers.
Activity 9, p137: 1 Australia - Canberra, New Zealand -
Wellington; 2 Melbourne; 3 ugg boots; 4 mosquito;
5 the Maori people; 6 Peter Jackson; 7 Australia -
Aussies, New Zealand - Kiwis; 8 Strine
Activity 1, p140: 1 better; 2 more boring; 3 the best; 4 the
worst; 5 cleverest; 6 scarier; 7 longer; 8 most loyal
Activity 2, p140: 1 earlier; 2 slowly; 3 lower; 4 further;
5 coldest; 6 more carefully; 7 fast; 8 illegally; 9 easily;
101ong
Activity 3, p141: 1 well; 2 too; 3 such; 4 a; 5 much/far;
6 as; 7 how; 8 enough; 9 little/bit
Activity 4, p141: 1 best; 2 smaller; 3 cosier; 4 more
interesting; 5 better; 6 more beautiful; 7 fresher;
8 healthier; 9 further; 10 more expensive
Activity 5, p141: students' own answers.
Activity 6, p141: 1 more; 2 much; 3 earlier; 4 as; 5 so;
6 than; 7 too; 8 what; 9 such
Activity 7, p141: students' own answers.
Activity 1, p142: 1 myself; 2 yours; 3 each other; 4 other;
5 this; 6 yourself; 7 her; 8 children's
Activity 2, p143: 1 anywhere; 2 was; 3 another; 4 either;
5 them; 6 Each; 7 Mine; 8 Another; 9 Neither; 1 O my
Activity 3, p143: 1 anyone; 2 somewhere; 3 myself; 4 all;
5 something; 6 everything; 7 nothing; 8 Each; 9 none;
1 0 either; 11 my; 12 each; 1 3 yourself
Activity 4 and 5, p143: students'own answers.
Activity 6, p143: 1 It; 2 No one; 3 everybody; 4 Each;
5 both/all; 6 themselves; 7 each other; 8 any;
9 somewhere; 10 something; 11 both
Activity 7, p143: students' own answers.
Activity 1, p144: 1 I apologise for being late.; 2 This bag
belongs to me; 3 I've just heard from Karen.; 4 I needed
to prepare for our holiday.; 5 I agree with you!; 61 suffer
from a lot of headaches; 7 Pete invited me to his party.
Activity 2, p144: 1 at; 2 at; 3 in; 4 at; 5 on; 6 During; 7 in;
8 at
Activity 3 and 4, p144: students' own answers.
Activity 1, p145: 1 in; 2 after; 3 over; 4 up; 5 up; 6 after
Activity 2, p145: 1 B; 2 B; 3 C; 4 B; 5 A
Activity 3, p145: 1, 5 and 6
Activity 4, p145: students' own answers.
Activity 1, p146: l should; 2 shouldn't I can't I mustn't;
3 Can/ Could I Will; 4 had to; 5 can
Activity 2, p146: 1 don't have to; 2 needn't have rushed;
3 Will; 4 might; 5 can't; 6 Can; 7 ought to
Activity 3, p147: 1 don't have to bring anything to the
party.; 2 should not stay in bed so long!; 3 must not
leave your bicycle outside this gate.; 4 don't have to
wait for Suzi. She's going to be late.; 5 Could you give
some advice about a problem I have; 6 must have gone
home by now; 7 didn't need to write an essay, thank
goodness; 8 dare not ask Mr Barnes for extra time for
my homework.
Activity 4, p147: l should; 2 can't; 3 have to; 4 could;
5 need; 6 should; 7 can't; 8 'II have to; 9 should; 1 O
mustn't; 11 will; 12 better
Activity 5, p147: students' own answers.
Activity 6, p147: 1 must be; 2 must know; 3 might be;
4 might have decided; 5 must be; 6 might have been
taken; 7 can't have been taken; 8 might I may rain
Activity 7 and 8, p147: students' own answers.
Activity 1, p148: 1 After; 2 because; 3 However; 4 In spite
of; 5 so that; 6 while; 7 Although; 8 whereas; 9 so
Activity 2, p148: 1 when; 2 whose; 3 which I that;
4 which I that; 5 who I that; 6 where
Activity 3, p149: 1 D; 2 ND; 3 D; 4 D; 5 D; 6 ND
Activity 4, p149: 1 that
Activity 5, p149: 1 B; 2 E; 3 F; 4 C; 5 D; 6 A
Activity 6, p149: students'own answers.
Activity 7, p149: 1 which/that; 2 where; 3 who/that;
4 which/that; 5 where; 6 who; 7 which/that; 8 which
Activity 8, p149: students' own answers.
Activity 1, p150: l (that) she had donated some money
to the conservation charity.; 2 (that) the teacher was
going to give them some extra lessons on computer
programming.; 3 (that) he would see her for lunch in
the cafeteria.; 4 (that) she didn't really like going round
exhibitions.; 5 (that) she had visited Frank in hospital the
previous afternoon.; 6 (that) she hadn't been working
when Jane had phoned.; 7 (that) he wouldn't have
finished the essay by Friday.; 8 (that) he wasn't going to
vote in the elections the next/following month.
Activity 2, p150: suggested answer:( . . . ) had been
thinking about improving our local health centre for
a long time because it didn't suit the needs of all the
patients in the area. He also said that the year before,
they had received over a hundred complaints about the
service. The doctor said that they were going to make a
few changes. He said that doctors' working hours would
be different and there would be a range of different
phone numbers to use to contact them more easily. He
also said that Matt Dawson had designed a leafiet that
set out the changes clearly and they hoped it would be
very useful.
Activity 3, pl 51: 1 He asked me if I would wait I to wait for
him after school.; 2 Mum asked us what time we planned
on leaving the following I the next morning.;
3 Dad asked me how many times I had failed that
exam.; 4 A friend asked me if I could give I to give her
a lift home after the concert the following I the next
Friday.; 5 The teacher told us not to be late for the start
of the lecture that afternoon.; 6 My sister asked me if she,
should do the online research for our project that night.
Activity 4, pl 51: 1 He asked me where I had bought that
scarf and I said I had bought it in the market and it had
cost ten pounds. 2 He asked me what I had thought of
the exam we had had the week before I the previous
week and I said I had made a real mess of the questions
and I didn't think I had passed. 3 He asked me how
long I would be staying in New York and I said we were
supposed to be staying there for three days before
travelling on to Los Angeles for a week. 4 He asked me
what the teacher had said about the trip the following
I the next day as he hadn't been listening and I said
we had to get to school by 8.30 and we needed to
bring a packed lunch. 5 He asked me if I had booked
our concert tickets yet as it was getting a bit late and I
told him not to worry and that I would book them that
evening.
Activity 5, p151: 1 where she was going; 2 I had though
she had had a science test that day; 3 asked me not
to tell anyone; 4 was going to meet Grant for a coffee;
5 were going to the cinema; 6 said she had told the
teacher that she had to go to the dentist; 7 not to
worry; 8 would pretend that I hadn't seen her; 9 told
her to enjoy the film; 10 if I could tell you what she was
doing; 11 she might be late for your tennis match; 12
(that) I would
Activity 6, pl 51: students' own answers.
Activity 7, pl 51: 1 when he'd started playing; 2 who had
encouraged; 3 whether he enjoyed playing; 4 what his
plans for the future were; 5 how he had grown up;
6 sports teacher had noticed his skill; 7 he was happy
that he'd moved; 8 he missed being; 9 hoped to go back
Activity 8, p151: students' own answers.
Activity 1, p152: 1 eat, get; 2 'II fall,'re not; 3 get,'11 be able
to; 4 wouldn't behave, were; 5 'd checked, wouldn't have
taken; 6 would have won, hadn't entered
Activity 2, p152: 1 C; 2 B; 3 1; 4 D; 5 E; 6 A
Activity 3, p153: 1 I didn't feel sick, I could go on long car
trips.; 2 I had known the programme was on, I would
have watched it.; 3 I had enough money, I would
buy those boots.; 41 don't revise tonight,I won't pass
the test tomorrow. /If I didn't have to pass the test
tomorrow, I wouldn't need to revise tonight.; 5 Jack
behaves better at school. they'll expel him.; 6 you hadn't
come to the party, I wouldn't have known anyone (else)
there.
Activity 4, p153: students' own answers.
Activity S, p153: 1 knew; 2 spoke; 3 would have ordered;
4 would have run; 5 didn't know
Activity 6, p153: students' own answers.
Activity 7, pl 53: 1 you are; 2 there are; 3 we'll meet;
4 'II have to; 5 had signed up; 6 would have been; 7 are
thinking; 8 will be; 9 would have
Activity 8 and 9, p153: students' own answers.
Activity 1, p155: 1 was directed; 2 was discovered; 3 has
been sent; 4 will be published; 5 is being redecorated,
can't be used; 6 should have been delivered
Activity 2, p155: 1 Two boys have been arrested for
vandalising the school property.; 2 The politician was
being interviewed when she suddenly became ill.;
3 This poem was written by Oscar Wilde when he was
in prison.; 4 These chocolates must be produced in
Switzerland - they arc so good!; 5 The tests will have
been marked by the end of the week.; 6 No on<? is
allowed to eat sandwiches in the classroom.
Activity 3, p155: A- The 2.30 train to Waterloo has been
cancelled and passengers who are waiting for this
train are asked to go to Platform 2 to take the 7.45 train
·nstead. Any ticket types will be accepted on the train.
The train is expected to be very crowded and therefore
the first class carriages can be used by any ticket
holders. Refreshments will be sold on this train.;
B - The history exam will be held in Room 102. Students
are asked to leave their bags outside the exam room
before entering it. All mobile phones should be
switched off. The question papers will be distributed
once all the students are seated. No one will be allowed
to leave the exam room during the exam. At the end of
the exam, all the papers will be collected. Then students
will be permitted to leave the exam room. A list of the
exam results will be put up on the notice board on 5th
June.
Activity 4, p1SS: 1 is having curtains made I has had
curtains made; 2 had my teeth checked; 3 needs to
have his computer repaired; 4 have my hair styled;
5 hasn't had the grass cut; 6 will have had my room
redecorated
Activity S, p1SS: students' own answers.
Activity 1, pl 56 (The subjunctive): 1 that we go to
a hotel on the beach.; 2 that we get the 9.30 train
because it was less crowded.; 3 that your dad return
this form by noon at the latest.; 4 that Elsie contact
the office immediately.; 5 that you take out insurance
before travelling.; 6 that everyone arrive before 9.15.;
7 that we I I pay the bill the next I the following day.
Activity 2, pl 56 (The subjunctive): students' own
answers.
Activity 1, p156 (Inversion): 1 have I had such a busy
day.; 2 had I opened my book than the cat jumped
on my knees.; 3 I got home did I realise I had lost my
phone; 4 docs the government reduce taxes.
Activity 2 and 3, p156 (Inversion): students' own
answers.
Activity 1, p157: 1 had; 2 you went; 3 Jack had given;
4 you didn't eat; 5 it would stop; 6 you lived; 7 they had
offered; 8 you hadn't told
Activity 2, p157: 1 I wish I wasn't/weren't so tall.; 2 It' s
(high) time they stopped playing on the computer.;
3 I wish I If only the teacher would talk to Pia about
her attitude in class.; 4 I'd rather you didn't go to this
restaurant.; 5 I wish I If only I had gone to the music
festival with Ned and Sara.
Activity 3, pl 57: students' own answers.
I'll never forget the first time my friends and
I went camping 1n the wild. We put our tent up
and were going to make a fire when we heard
some sua,ge noises 1n the bushes behind us. The
noises were getting louder and louder and we
were getting more and more scared. It was dark
so we couldn't see much. We couldn't find our
torch either. I took my mobile phone out to use
it as a torch but the battery was low and it went
dead. We all felt terr;bly frightened. The noises
stopped eventually, but we couldn't sleep at all
after that1
2 unforgettable experience.
a bit tiring but the weekend was just fantastic. We
visited a lot of places, tried some lovely food and
met great people. We were supposed to catch
a train back but we overslept and missed it. There
was no other train until the r,ext day, so we had
no other option but to h,rchhike back home.
I fe,t il hit scared at first, but in the end, it was an
Ma'rk: For example, more and more people want
to go on the so-called charity holidays, where
they can help those in need. They build shelters
or educate those less well-off instead of lying on
tre beach and doing nothing. I went on a holiday
like that last year and frankly speaking, it was the
most incredible time of my life. I felt so useful and
I believe I really made a change to the people I was

it'd be great to travE'I around the world by
motorbike. I'm not old enough to do it, but as
soon as I feel ''rn ready for this challE>nge, ''I do
,t. Imagine all the freedom you have when you
travel like that. You can s.op wherever you like
and meet lots of interesting people as well as
see places people normally don't see. When you
travc, hy plane, you miss so much a'ld that's why
I'd love to travel by motorl.>1ke, just to see as much
as possible.
This ;s information for passengers wishing to
travel to the centre of London. We are sorry, but
due to a very serious accident, all our services
have been cancelled until 4.00 pm today All
passengers are advised to use underground trains
to get to their final destinations. The nearest tube
station 1s to the left of this terminal. Our drivers
will help as much as possible with carrying your
luggage. We are sorry for this inconvenience.
2 Mark: Well, for a start, people have taken to
I was on holiday in Turkey with my girlfriend. One
of our planned trips was to Istanbul and we were
looking forward to it. We knew the city was big
and full of tourists but we didn't expect it to be
so terribly noisy. So, after a couple of hours there,
we decided to leave and go on a cruise on the
Bosphorus. It was a sensible decision because
we really had a great t1me on the boat. We met
a Turkish couple and spent some time with them.
We even learnt some Turkis1! Somet;mes it's good
not to stick to your schedulel
3 Mark: Travellers always take some risks and the
I'd lived in London for years hefore moving to
Paris last year, so I thought I was used to masses
of cars everywhere. I felt OK about driving in the
rush hour. I listened to the radio or rny MP3 player
and I didn't complain ahout the traffic jams. It
all changed when I started living 1n the French
capital. It's been c1 year and I still can't stand the
number of cars in the city centre, the road system
here and the French drivers. who are terribly
impatient!
4 holidays and unusual accommodation. What did interested in easy-to-read stories full of action,
We went to Prague bytrilin.The Journey there was
mmrnm
working with. I didn't even feel tired.
Reporter: Wow! How extraordinary' And it
Reporter: With us in the studio is Mark Smith. probably was quite a cheap holiday.
Mark owns an online travel agency which offers Mark: Not quite. Just the opposite' But I didn't
unusual holidays and he's here today to tell us mind pilying towards those shelters.
about them. Welcome, Milrk. Reporter: Yes. I understand. And the unusual
Mark: I lello, and thank you for inviting me. accommodation you mentioned?
Reporter: Mark. has r,uch changed in the way Mark: More and more often, people opt for
we travel or spend our holidays 1n recent years? farmstays. beach huts, Indian tepees or even
Mark: Oh, yes. In the last decade, we've igloos.
witnessE>d a few new trends emerging, which Reporter: Back to basics, isn't it?
doesr't astonish me at all. People have become Mark: Absolutely!
fed up with package tours and are now trying
to experience something new So they look
for more unusual types of holiday breaks "'!Ri;i�!lii�;::::��:;---:------:,
I
and accommodation. A lot of people seek an
adrenaline rush and want holidoys which will mp![iDilJ'i!il
pose some ki9d of challenge to them rather 1
than just a rest. And it's here to stay! I'd like to take this opportunity to invite you all
Reporter: Wow! I thought holidays had been to the book festival which is taking place this
invented to help us switch off and relax. What Saturday in the Vlain Exhibition Centre. The
challenges do you have in mind7 festival always attracts a lot of famous book
authors, so you'll have the chance to meet them
h1tchh1king i:igain and it isn·t for financial reasons and get their autographs. However, the main
only. lt"s for fun. and must say m delighted with idea behind the festival is to discover new talents
this development because I think 1t gives people among school and university students. ,f you fee'
lots of freedom and teaches them independence. ready to write a short story, come to the festival
These days it's called car-pooling or lift-sharing and take part in our competition. If you win, your
and it works fantastically well because of the story will be published by all major publishers.
Internet and sites like iThumb for example. Don't miss this golden opportunity to become
Basically, you look for a lift online. famous'
Reporter: I must admit I feel a bit doubtful about 2
the idea of hitchhiking. Isn't 1t a bit risky, especially Man: So, Barbara, what types of books do you
for young people 7 read most otten?
Barbara: Well, I read ever ything and anything.
modern version of hitchhiking seems quite safe I couldn't imagine my life without books1 , read
to me. lift-sharing sites are very popular these every day and everywhere. even on the way
days. They let their readers leave feedback for to school or during school break. I don't mind
eac'l other and encourage them to look at any types of stories, but what I dislike are books
eacn other's social networking profiles. The available only electronically. Some authors only
best idea for me. however. is the fact that the publish their books like that and then I don't read
websites check the driving icences so :hat every them no matter how good they might l>e. Call
hitchhiker knows who is giving them a lift. me old-fashioned but that's what I do!
Reporter: Maybe ... but 'd stoll be in two minds 3
about 1t. You also mentioned less typical types of Some people say that young people will only be
you mean by that?
like thrillers. It's true of some youngsters, but
I thirik thdt the majority of young readers will be
looking for something fresh. The vamµire uaze
will eventually disappear and I believe it will be
replaced by some new trends. Although thrillers
and vamµire storie, will ,till appeal to some
readers, most young people will be reading new
versions of children's stories. The stories will be
retold to suit a more ildult·like audience. Anyway,
books won't lose their appeal. W'iich is the most
important thing.
4 were in other movies before. There's nothing
Girl: Do you think that people will be going to
the cinema in the future?
Boy: Well. I hope so. I can't imagine my life
without the cinema. Watching films on DVD or
the Internet is not the same as on the big ,creen,
is it?
Girl: No, not at all, but when I look dt how many
people sit next to me in the cinema, it makes me
worry.Sometimes I'm even the only person there!
Boy: Yes, it's happened to me too, but I heard
from a friend who owns a small cinema that
after years of fascination with DVDs and home
cinemas, people dre corning back.
Girl: Good new, then because some brilliant
film directors would lose their jobs otherwise
and I wouldn't be able to watch their movies any
morel
5 I learn a lot from them.
Generally speaking, I'm interested in all forms
of art llecently, I've become very keen on the
theatre mainly because of my best friend who
keep, inviting me to various theatre shows.
She likes musicals and comedies but I find
them a bit uninteresting. What I discovered
are the theatre adaptations of different books,
which I enjoy watching the rnost.l he stories are
familiar to me and I can see the action on stage
rather tnan just imagine it as I read the story. It's
a fantastic feeling!
6 Matthew: Of course. I'll let you know what's on
Sam: Mark, do you prefer modern or traditional
art!
Mark: I'm not sure I find art iritere,ting in the first
place. Maybe music or the cinema ... And you?
Sam: Ju,t the opposite. I'm into art and I spend
my weekends taking part in cultural events of all
kinds.Why don't you come along one day?
Mark: Maybe, but what would we do?
Sam: Well, last weekend I enjoyed a visit to an
art exhibition showing modern paintings and
then I visited the museum of cartoons. Goth
were great although I µreferred the first one.
The pieces of art were very imaginative. More
than the cartoons.
Mark: Well, I dor1't think it'd intere,t me too much,
I'm afraid.
Sam: What a shame1
tmm:�
Eva: Matthew, have you seen anything interesting
in the cinema recently? I thought you could
recommend something.
Matthew: To be honest, I haven't been to the
cinema for the last two months. There', nothing
on that would interest me.There have been a few
sci·fi films but they didn't get very good reviews,
so I didn't go to see them. It wou Id have been
a waste of time. And as you know, l'rn not too
keen on action movies or thrillers any more.
Eva: No, actually I didn't know.What happened?
You used to be mad about them'
Matthew: Yes, I did, but I've gone off them.
They've become too predictable. As soon as the
film starts, you know how it's going to end. Plus
there's too much violence and the ,pecial effeu,
are no longer special if you know what I mean.
Eva: Not exactly ...
Matthew: Well, they are just the same as they
new about them - just the same gun fights or
car chases.
Eva: I see. So how do you spend your free time
now7
Matthew: You aren't going to believe me. I've
taken up artistic photography.
Eva: Wow! What or who do you photograph)
Matthew: I'm learning to take interesting µhotos
of people in different situation, and place,. When
I finish my course and get some experience, I'd
love to work with famous and accomplished
dltors or film directors.
Eva: Typical you! Never too far away from the
world of culture. And who's teaching you?
Matthew: I've signed up on a course in our arts
college. We've got a number of teachers who are
both professional and amateur photographers.
Eva: It sounds exciting1 Do you go to photo
exhibitions as well7
Matthew: Sure' Last week I went to the local
gallery to see photos of dancers taken by some
Spanish photographers. I was really impressed. It
isn't easy to photograph people who are moving,
and those photos captured the f'T'!Ornent very
well.
Eva: So maybe next time you plan TO visit an
exhibition, you could ring me up and we could
go together.
next week.
Eva: Thanks. See you then.
Matthew: See you.
TiiJliX;l,',iiDl•t4
I'd like to beyin by a;king you how many times
this year you've read a book, watched a film in
the cinema, been to the theatre or a rnu,eum.
When asked this very question, most people
struggle to answer it or give examples of their
cultural pursuit,. It fill, my heart with great
sadness when I hear that people no longer
participate in so called cultural life. It looks like
the TV and the Internet have replaced the more
traditional form, of art for good. 1 he idea that
the modern media can offer µeoµle the same
quality entertainment as the cinema, theatre
or books i, ju,t a fallacy. Watching a film at
home will never give you the same thril' as
watching the same movie on the big screen,
while reading an e-book will never allow you
to enjoy the story as much as reading it in the
paper version.They are just poor. unimagina:ive
replacements of the real thing. What will
become of an if these trends continue - really
horrifies me. The thought that real books or real
cinemas may vanish makes me sad and angry.
Let's unite to fight against these trendsl Read
books in their traditional form and watch films
in cinemas!!!
2
Not many choreographers have had so
many famous and highly-acclaimed ballet
performances to their name as Kieran Plath. His
dance performances are always masterpieces
of the highest artistic value, ctdrnired by rnilliom
of people all over the world. I lis latest creation
would have been no different if it wasn't for
the rather unappealing music, which was an
unfortunate combination of modern jazz and
hip hop, which many in the audience found
somewhat difficult to follow.Per,onally, I believe
Plath wanted to surprise his followers and chose
music which would wake the people up and
make thern renect on what makes modern
ballet so unreachable ,ornetime,.The rest was
just perfect. The dancer, glided on the stage,
dressed in beautifully-made costumes. All in all,
an unusual performance for me!
3
Who would have thought a few years ayo
that art workshops would become popular
among young people ever again? All hope was
lost when about ten years ago all the major
newspapers published statistics saying that
only one in ten art clubs in our city had groups
of youngsters learning crafts. I lowever, after
a decade of indifference to art, young people
are beginning to appreciate it again. I've heard
that the clubs are re-opening to teach teenagers
and young adults things like clothes design,
pottery. decoupage or jewellery making. So,
I decided to investigate how popular it really is.
To my amazement, the clubs were full of people
trying their hand at various crafts. When I asked
the participants why they were into crafts,
they said they were keen to learn something
practical. Some added that they hoped to turn
their passion into a business one day. I was
pleased to hear their comments and even more
delighted to watch young generations far away
frorn their cornµuter screens.
When I think of myself now, it's hard to believe
I read so many books. When I was younger,
I would refu,e to read anything, not to mention
any novels or even ,hort stories. My pdrents
would keep buying books for me to read and
I would avoid reading them like the plague.
I considered reading terribly dull and time·
consuming. None of my friends were keen on
books either, so it just reinforced my belief that
books weren't for young people. And then, one
day, I bumped into a friend of mine who was
going to a meeting with a famous book author.
I le told me to come along it I had nothing better
to do, so I did. I sat in the audience and listened
to the writer read parts of his latest novel. I was
me,rner'sed by what he read and I wanted to
find out what happened in the story and how it
ended. I got the book and guess what ... I read
it in one sitting. It was so exciting. Sin'ce then, I've
been a very reguldr visitor to my local books hoµ.
2 I just wished there had been a match so that
(looks have always been part and parcel of my
life. My parents worked as teachers of English
literature at the university, so our house was
always fu II of books and people discussing the
most recent novels, short stories or poems. So
,t isn't surprisirg that reading books means so
much to me. Every time I open a book, I feel like
I'm entering a new reality inhabited by fascinating
characters. Books develop my imagination, help
me understand the world and, what's most
important, they allow me to forget about my
everyday worries which vanish as soon as I get
into the story. I read all the time and everywhere
I go. I meet other bookworms and we go on
talking about what we've read for hours on end.
It's just my Iife!
3 weeks, I was out running in the park with her. I felt
I feel indebted to my English teacher for
introducing me to the world of books. I was
very lucky to have Ms Thompson as my English
teacher for over six years. She was the most
incredible person, very knowledgeable and
absolutely passionate about literature. She
would recommend books, encourage us to
read as much as possible, organise meetings
with famous authors and run our theatre group
twice a week. Her love for books was infectious
and I remember that she managed to get
everybody involved in her ideas and actions. The
only trouble was that reading took up most of
our time, so we had little of it left for the other
subjects and I ohen lagged behind with maths
or sciences. I even once tailed my biology exam
because of my rehearsals'
4 which ran basketball training. I rang thern up and
I don't understand why so many people don't
read books and say that books are boring. There
are millions of books and everybody is bound
to find one that will interest them. I think the
problem with people not liking books starts
at school when children and teenagers are
forced to read set books they find completely
uninteresting. With time, they totally lose
interest and give up on books, which is a shame.
Something must be done to stop that or people
will never discover the beauty of reading. Maybe
instead of wading through the set texts, every
student should read five or six books of their own
choice and present them to the rest of the class?
Or maybe some extracts of the books should be
read aloud in the classroom to promote reading
as such 7 Any solution will be a good one in fact
as long as it prevents books from disappearing
from our lives1
I'm not really interested in sport. I don't watch
many sports corn petitions on TV or follow what's
going on in the world of sport. But when my
friend asked mr if I wanted to visit Wembley
Stadium in London, I couldn't s�y no to his
suggestion. I'd heard a lot about this almost
legendary place so I decided to go. What I saw
there was just amazing. The place is absolutely
huqe, very modern and really well looked after.
I could experience the real atmosphere of this
incredible venue. My friend promised to take me
to watch a match there one day but he said 1t
wasn't easy to get the tickets. I'll wait as long as
it takes!
2 Man 1: Yes, I agree. They played like amateurs.
I never liked my Pr lessons at school. I guess it
was because we had to play team sports all the
rime and I just wasn't good at them. When I left
my school and went to university, discovered
that the PE classes were exactly the same. We had
to play either volleyball or basketball, so I gave up
aga,n. Then, by chance, I met a girl who felt like
me. She didn't like team sports, so instead, she
took up running. She encouraged me to have
a go at it and I must say that after a couple of
so much fitter and happier.
3 bungee jump7
My father keeps saying that people who don't
do sports are the most stressed out individuals
in the world. He believes that through physical
activity, you get rid of all the bad emotions in
your life. I believe it too, so if you wart to feel
more energetic, healthier and relaxed, don't
hesitate to take up a sport. Practise it regularly
and you'll see the benefits very soon. Join
a sports club if you don't know how to go about
it. A professional trainer will help you design the
best fitness programme'
4 Mia: Have you? I haven't. Oh well, I'm going to try
I'd always loved sports and I'd always wanted to
play basketball. So I was very happy when I learnt
that there was a new sports club in my city
signed up. There were seven ot us during thr first
training session and everything was going well
until two new boys joined the team. They were
much better than the rest of us, so our coach
spent most of the time working witr them. Soon
the boys' friends joined the club too and I didn't
feel good enough to play with them in the same
team, so I gave up. My dream to be a basketball
player hasn't yet come true'
Attention! Attention! Here are a few announ­
cements regarding your PE classes. It's about our
new gym. As you know, it's up and running' It's
been done up and has a lot of new equipment.
So, we would like to encourage all of you to join
it. The first fifty members will get a free basketball.
Let me remind you that the gym is in a different
part of the school now. It's next to the teachers'
canteen, where the chemistry lab used to be.
Don't wait, join it now'
2 sports like the pole vault, the high jump or relay,
It happened when I was in Italy with my parents.
We went skiing every day and we had a really
great time. On our last day, we decided to ski as
long as possible and the accident happened in
the evening. Actually, there were two accidents.
F,rst of all, another skier crashed into me because
he'd lost his balance. I was OK after that so
I carried on skiing. But after about an hour, I was
lying on the snow with my leg badly broken.
My parents blamed me for skiing too fast but it
wasn't my fault. I think it was my boots that came
undone, which caused all the trouble.
3
Man 1: So what did you think of the match?
Man 2: I thought they played really badly, didn't
you? They made one mistake after another.
Some of team looked unfit and tired, so I have
no idea why the coach decided to inLlude tliern
in the first team.
Man 2: I don't know either. If I was the coach,
I'd have made some changes to the team. We
needed players who could run and score goals,
not players who were halt asleep.
�an 1: Correct' Maybe the next match will be
better and less frustrating to watch!
Man 2: I hope so.
4
Mia: Robert. have you heard about Victor and his
Robert: Yes, I have. I must say I was impressed.
Victor seems such a shy boy. I never thought he
could do something so rtsky.
Mia: Risky?These jumps are safe. I mean they look
dangerous, but I don't think you can die or get
injured. They look so excit'ng to watch'
Robert: I know a lot of people find them
exciting, but I'm not one of them. I agree that
extreme sports are thrilling to watch, but at
the same time, I think they are far too risky. I've
heard of many accidents and really bad injuries.
bungee jumping too. If Victor can do it, so can I!
Robert: You must be jokirg'
5
I've always liked winter sports. I guess it's because
I live close to the mountains, where we get a lot of
snow and have great sports venues to do them.
My older brother used to play ice hockey and
I remember being fascinated by his skating skills.
I learnt how to skate and for a while I did figure
skating in our local club, but then I discovered
snowboarding. I looked at snowboarders in tota
amazement and dreamt of learning how to do
it. I had a few lessons and It turned out that I was
very good at it, better than at figure skating
So it has become my favourite discipline until
I discover something else!
6
Mark: Hi, Peter. How was the match?
Peter: Just fantasticl I could watch it all over
again! We beat the other team in really great
style. I was so proud of my team.
Mark: Sounds terrific! What's next in your busy
sport, life? You were once talking about going to
watch motor racing in Italy or Germany .
Pe.ter: Yes, I remember, but I'm no longer keen
on that. Now my biggest dream is to watch live
but I have to wait until the summer.
Mark: Wow' What a change of plan!
mmJ:·DiPfl
Reporter: Sandra Hutchinson is our new guest.
Sandra is mad about kitesurnng and she's going
to tell us all about this unusual new sport. Hello,
Sandra.
'
Sandra: Hello, everyone.
Reporter: I've heard of kite-flying but what
 exactly is kitesurfing?
Sandra: As the name suggests, it's a hybrid sport.
It corntn1es surfing with kite-flying. If I may, I'd
like to clarify one point. The sport may be less
than ordinary, but a, a matter of fact, it's been
around for quite a while.
Reporter: I low astonishing1 So when was it
invented? About ten or twenty years ago?
Sandra: Actually, it dates back to the thirteenth
century. It wasn't a sports discipline then but
the Chinese used it as a means of transport
They used kite, to take advantage of the wind
to gather energy to power their canoes. So, the
technology, if I may say so, is pretty ancient
Reporter: How interesting! I guess it's quite
popular too.
Sandra: Incredibly so.
Reporter: Is 11 a sport for everyone? Is it easy to
learn?
Sandra: Well, kitesurfing is relatively simple when
compared to other watersports such as surfing
or windsurfing, but it's still a fairly dangerous
sport So if you want to minimise the risks, you
should opt for some training before you do it by
yourself. For example, you ought to learn escape
techniques, which are very useful when you're
in trouble. You also need to find out how to surf
safely without posing a danger to the other
surfers around you.
Reporter: So it isn't a sport for everyone, is it7
Sandra: Hardly. You've got to be fit, strong and
have excellent concentration. But it's a sport to
learn physics through.
Reporter:What do you mean7
Sandra: Because you can learn about
aerodynamics and Newton's law of motion 1n
a more enJoyable way than by sitting in the
classroom and reading your tedious physics
book. Unfortunately, schools are not so keen on
that
Reporter: Understandable in many ways, isn't
it? Is kite,urfing likely to become an Olympic
discipline?
Sandra: It almost did but was rejected in the end.
It was supposed to replace windsurfing at the Rio
de Janeiro Olympic Garnes but the idea didn't
take off. I guess it's because the sport isn't yet
massively popular. But we are still hopeful that,
01e day, we'll be able to compete at the Olympic
Games.
Reporter: Best of luck. Thank you, Sandra.
Sandra: You're welcome
My adventure with martial arts goes back to the
time when my grandfather was still around. He
was a very princ'pled man who believed that
hard work, sacrifice and patience would make
you a good person. I le happened to be a karate
instructor who would try to encourage everyone
to take up his beloved sport. Initially, I wasn't very
willing as I didn't see myself as a fighter, but my
grandfather explained to me tha: karate wasn't
just about fighting but more 3 philosophy of life.
I didn't understand much then, but I gave it a go
and fell in love with the sport. I've just won a very
important competition. My grandad would be
proud of me!
2 2
I took up martial arts a long time ago and I've
never felt bored of them. I do jujitsu and aik'do
and I think I'm pretty good at them. Now I treat
them as my passion, but when I started, I had
other motives. I needed to learn sports like
these for self-defence because a week before
I had my first aikido class, I'd been mugged in
the street I hud felt so helpless and unable tu
fight the mugger that I decided to do something
about it and I've succeeded. I feel more confident
now walking back home at night. But above all,
I feel extremely fit. I'd say everyone should learn
a sport like that for more than one reason.
3 you can find unique items of clothirg and
I don't get why ,o many people do martial arts.
These are violent sports, where people fight,
kick and punch each other. Even their name
suggests 'war' as its etymology is 'am of Mars:
Mars being the ancient Roman god of war. What
can be good about fighting other people?!
I keep hearing th,n young people ledm to
respect others, acquire concentration and keep
fit doing these sports, but to my mind, all these
sports do is teach young people that violence
pays oft. My nephew has had some behavioural
problems and his parents were told that they
should send him to karate lessons to help him
relieve the tension. So they did, and guess what
happened! After a few weeks, the boy punched
another boy at school. Martial arts are not sportS
activities for kids and I wonder how long it'll take
before people understand it1
4 Perhaps we should talk to the head master about
I once watched the animated movie called
Kung Fu Panda with my younger brother. I know
it sounds funny, but the film made me th,nk
about the limits of the human body 'and, in fact,
prompted me to read more about martial arts as
such. I began to read about their �istory and got
more and more involved in their philosophy of life.
I keep watching other more serious films about
kung fu and I must admit I've finally discovered
what I want to do with my life. My interest in
martial arts has stunned everyone, including my
best friends. I've always been perceived as a quiet
amJ shy person, a bookworm-type rather than
someone who is likely to take up kung fu. I'm a bit
overweight, so I guess I'm not astonished that
they saw me like that But I'm changing now and
I'll be a real kung fu master one day.
ffiJVl';DDJ§
1 I wouldn't like to move away from the suburbs
Attention, please! Before you leave the bus:
please make sure you remember to take all your
belongings. You are kindly requested to proceed
to gate 1, just over there, behind the car park.
This is where you're going to board the ferry.
Please also make sure you have your passports
and tickets ready. When you board, you'll be
given your cabin number. I suggest you leave
your luggage in your cabin and go to dinner. The
journey will last just under four hours. When we
get to our destination, I'll be waiting for you in the
arrivals hall. Thank you and have a safe crossing.
Tim: Jessica, you always look so cool. Where do
you buy your clothes?
Jessica: Oh, thank you. I actually get most of
my clothes in second-hand shops. I have my
favourite ones, which I visit once a week.
Tim: Wow! You look as if you shopped in
expensive boutiques rather than cheap second­
l1drid shop�. Why do you prefer to buy stuff· in
those shops?
Jessica: It's not because of the fact that they are
cheaper, as many people think. Bargains are hard
to find there these days, but the price isn't rny
main concern. I just love these shops because
jewellery, which you can't find anywhere else.
Tim: I guess, you're right. All those chain stores
sell the same clothes ar·d ,o everybody looks
similar.
Jessica: Exactly1
3
Girl: I'm really hunyry. What shall we have7
Boy: Yes, me too. Let's see what's on the menu
today.
Girl: OK, but I think it's going to be the usual stuff
Potatoes, meat and vegetables.
Boy: Look at this! It iooks like beef lasagne. I think
I'll have thdt. And you?
Girl: I'll take the same. It's something different
Let's hope there will be enough left by the time
our turn comes. It looks like it's popular with the
other students too.
Boy: I wish there was a greater choice of meals'
it
Girl: A good idea! But now I want my foodI
4
I usually spend rny winter holidays in
the mountains because I love skiing and
snowboarding, so last year wasn't any different
I went to the Alps with my friends. We stayed
in a very nice hotel in a small village. The food
was fine and we had a great time skiing, chatting
and laughing together, but the best of all was
the sunshine we had for tne whole two weeks. It
helped rne relax a lot and recharge my batteries
like never before. We're going there again in
three weeks, so I hope I'll be as lucky as I was
the last tirne when it comes to the blue skyl
5
Boy: Laura, what would your ideal house be like7
Girl: It would definitely have to be situated nearer
the city centre than it is now. I find commuting to
school every day a bit tiring. I'd like my place to
be spacious and full of light. And you?
Boy: I've never thought of it but I guess
like you. I quite like living away from the noise
of the city centre. Wouldn't a nice house in the
countryside be better?
Girl: Oh, no. Not for me. I don't mind busy places
and I'm not bothered by the noise too much. So,
a comfortable apartment not too far from the city
centre would be perfect
Boy: I see .
6
I've never been musically talented, but' I've always
loved music I'm a true fan of music gigs and
I never miss a good concert in my town. I really
rel.ix when I listen to a band playing live. My Man: I guess you're right.
dream is to learn how to play the guitar, but I'm
afrdid it's not going to be easy for me. always
�rq;,;;:;:;;ai!;;��
envy people who can compose mus,c or write
ly11c.s, but I guess that's impossible too.
� Josh: �o Natalie, what information about stress
1 have you found that we could include in our
floy: ':io what do you think about this novel?To
be honest. I'm in two minds.
Girl: Well. I've read it a couple of times and in
rny view, it's quite promising. I rnean I t�ink it'll
appeal to the younger adult market. It has a fairly
engaging story, set in the virtual world, two funny
characters and it's fast-paced. so I'd say it'll sell
well. Obviously, we've got to ask the author to
chunge sorne things, bu: I'd give ta chance.
Boy: If you say so ... There are millions of books of
this kind in the bookshops and 'Tom what I know,
they've just lost their dppeal. Is 1t worth irvesting
n another one?
Girl: This one is a bit different. It's wrmen like
a biog and the reader is invited to write his or
her comments in the actual book as if they were
submitting their posts. I suggest we go ahead
and publi-h it
Boy: If you think it will get favourable reviews, I'll
go along with your decision. Let's hope it'll make
enough money and what's more important, win
the hear-s of the readers
2 something on stress management?
''rn in front of the Odecn cinema, in the heart
of the c,ty, eagerly awaiting the arrival of the
star cast of the sequel to the extremely popular
thriller Mysterious Warrior. The red carpet is ready
to welcome some of the most highly acc,aimed
actors, film directors and producers from all over
the globe, who have descended on our cap,tal to
watch the premiere of this long-awaited sequel.
Behind me, as you can see, there are hundreds of
fans hoping to catch a glimpse of their beloved
ch.iracters from the movie. The feelings here are
running high. The atmosphere is truly electrifying
and despite the sub zero temperatures, no one 1s
complaining about the p ercing wind. The celebs
will definitely receive a warm welcome!
3 I've treated all kinds of patients in rny life and
Man: Do you agree with me that mus c is an
underrated subject at schools?
Woman: Absolutely! From what I can see these
ddys, artistic subjects count for nothing and
there's very little emphasis on music education.
My children have one hour of music a week,
during which they usually talk about music
rather than liste-i to it No one is teaching them
any appreciation of music judging by what hear
from my kids. It's very sad.
Man: Yes, I'm with you on that. It's scientifically
proven that listening to classical music and
playing an instrument boost your genera
intelligence, memory and imagination. I don't
understa11d why music as a school subject is so
neglected.
Woman: Well, I see it like this. In this materialistic
world, 111 which people compete for better jobs
and higher financial status, perhaps there's
no place for music education. Who wants to
understand musical notes if what you really want
are paper notes buying you things in the shops?!
· Kate: You know I don't do that unless I'm seriously
mwr·:mvn
presentation?
Natalie: I've found quite a lot about the reasons
for stress among teenagers.
Josh: What are those reasons?
Natalie: Apart from the obvious factors like
a sPrious disease or the death of someone
close. teenagers are stressed out by high school
demands. negative feelings about themselves,
changes ,n their bodies and, more and more
often, by taking on too many activities. Teenagers
act like their parents, who they copy without
realising 1t. Parents are busy and so their children
wan: to be the same.
Josh: lnteresting1 I've never thought about
it 1n that way. but it's true. OK, I've got some
information about the effects stress can have
on people For example, too much stress leads
to anxiety and even aggression. In many cases,
teenagers develop so-called chronic stress
syndrome and this can make them very ill both
physically and mentally in equal measure.
Natalie: That sounds good. I low about adding
Josh: That could be usefu . Many young people
have little idea about that Any ideas?
Natalie: The best advice is to decrease the so­
called negative seif-talk. Instead of saying, 'My life
is terrible and it'' never get better; earn to tell
yourse1f, 'My life may be hopeless at the moment
but it'll get better f I work at it and ask for help:
Don't you think it's a good p'ece of advice?
Josh: Yes, but it's easier said than done. I'd prefer
some more practical ideas like taking up a sport
or talking to your friends about your problems
etc.
some cases were really difficult. Some of my
patients have been people who are very active
and who believe 1n themselves but who, despite
a· that. feel terribly stressed out. The reason for
that 1s that they take on too much and want to
be perfect at everything they do. In the end.
they tee1 unable to fulfil their dream vision of
themselves and have a sense of failure. Then
they need me to tell them to stop worrying
about being top in everything!
2 a terrible state of agitatio-i and inability to let
I've aiways looked after my health. I eat well, sleep
enough and exercise as often as possible. I don't
get any headaches and I don't feel stressed out
at illl. Until last year, I used to play water polo but
for some reason, I grew bored with it. I needed to
find some other activity.The choice was between
working out in the gym and doing yoga because
that's what was on offer in my local health club.
I didn't 1 ,ke the first option so I was left with the
other. It's quite fun actually.
3 and pains and nausea. This was yesterday's talk,
Pat: Oh, Kate. You sound sick again! Have you
been to the doctor's yet?
ill.
Pat: So you look for medical advice on the Net
like most other people I know?
Kate: Don't be silly. I'm not so i1 responsible. I'd
rarher go to see my GP than find ;ome unreliable
advice on tile Nr:t. I auually get 1n touch with my
granny, who's got some wonderful and simple
ideas ro cure common colds. Her suggestions
always work for me.
Pat: Maybe you should share them on the Net
with others7
K�te: Ha, ha! Very funny!
4
Woman 1: So, how are you? Are you feeling
better7
Woman 2: Not really. I'm feverish and I've got
a splitting headache. I've taken some painkillers
but they aren't working. I don't think I can work
today. I think I need ro go.home and just stay in
bed. Will you be able to take over today? I've got
just two surgeries planned for today.
Woman 1: I think so. I've finished mine so I can
deal with your patients. I'll let the nurse know that
you're taking sick leave.
Woman 2: OK. Thanks a lot.
Woman 1: Get bener soon.
5
A lot of my friends keep �aying that I want to
study medicine because it's my family tradition
to be a doctor. However. it isn't the case. Neither
is it because I think it's a fascinating profession!
Just the opposite, it's a very dem;ind1ng job. My
real motivauon ,s scientific. I dream of inventing
a successful treatment for incurable illnesses to
help millions of people in the world!
6
Man 1: Are you worried brfore the operation?
Man 2: Yes, pretty much so. I know the surgeons
here are good, but still I'm afraid something may
go wrong. If only I hadn't broken my arm so badly,
I wouldn't need to be here! And you?Why are you
here? You don't seem to have anything broken.
Man 1: They need to operate on me again.
I sprained rny a,ikle a few months ago but it
hasn't healed, so here I am again!
Man 2: Oh, poor you!
Now let me move onto the affective warning
signs of acute tension. People who are suffering
from it often feel overwhelmed and unable to
cope with the reality around the'Tl. They display
great irritability and moodiness coupled with
go of their negative racing thoughts. These
signs also include a desire to isolate yourself
from the rest of the world. So, as future GPs, you
must be aware of all those reactions to be able
to diagnose the patients well 2nd offer them
the best possible advice. This condition, as I've
said previously, is more and more common and
beginning to affect children as young as e:ght.
So to recap, so far we've had a brief overview of
the physical symptoms such as all kinds of aches
ju,t to remind you. loday we've examined the
more emotive symptoms while tomorrow we
shall analyse how chronic distress affects our
daily functioning.
2 I kept telling my friends to never give it a go as it
Ben: Helen, you know what?
Helen: What?
Ben: You ought to stop feeling so miserable
about yourself and your life. You can't carry on
like that any more. Self pity won't help you feel
more self-confident. You've got to change the
way you lead your life, otherwise you'll be in
serious trouble. You'll develop chronic depression
or have a heart attack or something like that'
Helen: Easier said than done. I can't Just stop
working and forget about my real-life problem,,
can I?
Ben: No, but you can change your job to one that
is less demanding, maybe less well-paid, but at
the same time le,s taxing. Working non-stop
will get you nowhere, except to hospital. If you
listen to my advice, you'll make a huge positive
difference to your daily life. A new job won't help
you get over your allergy, but it won't be making
it worse all the time. One of the reason why you
have it is the tension you feel on a daily basis.
Helen: OK, OK. I'll give it a thought. I promise.
3 beginning to find it hard to walk properly. Once
I read an article on what treatments people
choose for their illnesses and I must say I was
pretty astonished to find out what I did. The article
quotes an expert who says that unconventional
medicine is the preferred choice among most
people and this includes going to witch-doctors
for help. I couldn't believe my eyes when I read
absolute hell for me. I felt like my life was going
to end there and then. I knew it would only be
a short time, but it felt like an eternity to me. I felt
extreme discomfort and I wanted out. After that
was a frightful experieT1ce. A bit painful too.
3 technology and to u,e ir when they really neerl it
I'm not sure you've heard of pearl powder
treatment. I learnt about this traditional Chinese
medicine a few months ago when I was talking
to my friend who had ,kiTI problems. I was quite
unsure whether or not I should go for it, but the
method certainly sounded interesting as I'd been
having acne problems for years. I'd tried lots of
other treatments before and nothing worked.
I decided to read up about it and when I was sure
it was safe, I applied the powder from crushed
pearls to my face. /\fter the treatment, to my utter
astonishment, my skin looked healthier. I'm going
to have another treatment next month so maybe
one day rny skin will be perfect.
4 for these cancellations. They do hope that
I'd been suffering from backache for a long time.
I always blamed my sedentary lifestyle and lack
of exercise for that situation. I had a demanding
but well-paid job and hardly any time to take
care of myself. The pain was increasing and I was
when I was at a party, I overheard a conversation
between two colleagues of mine who were
raving about an excellent masseur who worked
wonders f or people with backache I joined
the lOTlversation and it didn't take them long
to convince me of the bene�ts of having such
a massage. What a sensible decis on it wasr
come true.
4
/\ lot ot young people I know rely too much on
technology. If they forget their mobile phone, it's
as if it was the end of the world. It really annoys
me that no one teaches teenagers to live without
rather than to play games. Like yestcrrlay, when
I was in J shop. I WJS wJiting in J queue Jnd
before me there was a group of five teenagers,
all friends playing games on their phones instead
of talking to each otherl
fflfflJ:;Jmm)
1
Ladies and gentlemenr Attention please. Some
conference speakers have not arrived and we've
had to make a few changes to the programme.
We will display information about the cancelled
sessions on electronic notice boards in the
conference centre. The organisers apologise
the conference will be successful despite the
changes. Thank you for your attention.
2
When I was younger, I used to love science
fiction books mainly because of my father, who
was a great fan. I remember reading only this
kind of literature. I guess it was because I loved
imagining what life would be like in the future.
I always had a positive opinion of them unlike
rnany of my friends who didn't like them at all.
Now, when I'm a grown-up, I don't read thern as
often. I guess I'm too old for that kind of stuff, but
I still think they aren't too bad. I believe young

'
that. Such an increase in the interest in alternative people should read at least a few before they
medicine really shocked me. The author did not ':;l�P.l�i;i;;;;;;:;;;:;:��;;;;;�;;;�--·-­ consider them complete rubbish l
bother to warn people against witch doctors , 3
but instead ,aid that some of them perf ormed Woman: Oh. I didn't expect to see you here!
miracles, so it was worth trying them out in I didn't know you were interested in robots.
a serious medical case. To my mind, it's insane. Man: How strange to see you here tool I thought
These people pose a great danger to society and OK. So, let me explain again. I bought this oven you were more into fashion than futuristic trends.
,hould never be listened to. I must admit that the here last weekend. It was discounted and the Woman: Well, as you can see, first impressions
only medicine I trust is conventional medicine, at lady encouraged me to take i,, saying that it was can be very misleading. We've never actually
least it's backed up by ,cierKe. the best model available and the best value for talked at the office before about our interests,
money. I was a bit unsure because I didn't know have we7
the brand, but I got it in the end. A, soon as I got Man: No, you're right, we haven't. We always
home and used the device, it turned out to be talk about other stuff. I'm so glad we've got an
Some of my friends said I was off my head faulty. Unfortunately, I lost the receipt, so I can't interest in common that has nothing to do with
when I agreed to go for medicinal leeches prove it comes from here, but I promise it does. work! We'll have even more to talk about now.
to help my blood circulation. lo be honest, I really need one, so could I exchange this modeJ7 Woman: Yes. Isn't it great?I
initially I was in two minds too. It wasn't an 2 4
obvious decision for me, as sueh a treatment I believe technology helps us a lot in life but Boy 1: So, how did you like the science fa r?
reminded me of medieval rather than modern personally I'm beginning to have a problem Boy 2: Pretty interesting. There were lots of
medicine. However, after hearing all the pros with it.The more gadgets I have, the less I can fascinating interactive exhibitions, don't you
and cons, I went for it. It wasn't as painful as I'd cope without them, so I'm worried thar one think7
expected and it worked as I'd been reassured day I'll end up surrounded by technology like Boy 1: Yes, but that was hardly surprising. It's
by the physician who was doing it. I felt great in a science fiction book where people live· alway, like that, isn't it? But I was absolutely
afterwards. I told my friends how effective it was, like robots. I depend too much on things like amazed by the prototype of a new robot that
but they said they'd Tlever go for a procedure my smartphone or satnav and lots of other could do virtually everything around the house,
like that' appliances I've bought. including doing your homework for you!
2 3 Boy 2: I'd seen one like that bef o re on TV, so it
To be honest, it took me some time to agree to /\ lot of people are very pessimistic about the didn't impress me so much. However, what really
a treatment like that. Not that I was sceptic.al. future. fhey believe technology will completely blew me away was the presentation by a 14-year­
I just rweded to read up on it and decide whether take over our lives and we will turn into robots old who had invented so many things at such
or not it was for me. I decided to go for it. On the with chips in our heads. Well, I don't. I think it's a young age. Did you ,ee rt?
day of the treatment, I had to wear nothing but just a lot of speculation based on some science Boy 1: Yes. I hat was just incredible, I couldn't
a pair of trunks and go into a chamber cooled fiction books or movics. I'm sure people are agree more.
to as much as -1s·c for four minutes. It was sensible enough not to let such a futuristic vision 5
Girl 1: Just look around! Sometimes I wonder
liow people used to manage without al of these
appliances. I think life must have beer terrible.
Girl 2: Maybe t was easier, actually. People had
simpler lives and were more independent. Now
it's enough tor the electricity to go off and the
whole world stons! Schools and shops don't
work, o-'fices and hospitals cannot function. Look
;ir youl You're cooking now and the dishwasher
is on. If there wa; a power cut, we would bf'
hungry and the stuff would be dirty and so on.
Girl 1: Yes, but how often do we have power
cuts? I'd rather huve all this technology to help
me tha1 not!
6 the devices become standard practice and their
When I was at ;thool, I tried to do my best 1n all
subjects. but soon I discovered that humanities
was no: for me. I wasn't very good at writing, and
remembering historical facts was just beyond
me W1en ;t cam<' ro physics or chemistry,
I never had trouble understanding things and
I just 1oved all the experiments. Sciences were
just less theoretical for me. I even won some
science competitions. Some of them were a real
challenge'
fflffll';Dfflft
Reporter: Welcome back after the break. Just
to rerrnnd those of you who have just joined
u,, this week we've been talking to a number
of experts about technological advancement
in different spheres of life. Today with us in the
studio is Daniel Brooks. a physician who has spent
his whole c,ireer ;earching for te<.hnologkal
solutions in medicine. Daniel's team is renowned
all over the country for cutting edge surgeries
ilnd saving many lives. Apart from working in
the operating theatre, Daniel also collects and
shares information about new treatments with
his patients and their families. I le's probably the
mo;t popular doctor in this country!
Daniel: Oh, come on. I'm just doing my job the
best can.
Reporter: And the most modest one, too1 Daniel,
you've just been taking culls from the listeners
and from what I know there have been some
pretty serious questions to answer. ls that right?
Daniel: Yes, that's true. It's hardly surpr sing that
people are keen to ask questions about new
treotments ard new technologies ,n medicine.
took a lot of calls from patients who are
desperate for some nnovativp treatments for
the,r problems because no other med;cines have
been able to help them. Some of the callers were
actually doctors themselves asking about the
costs of the medical equipment, but they were a
minority. Most were people genuinely suffering
from all kinds of diseases.
Reporter: So what technological inventions did
you tell the callers about?
Daniel: For example a technology which is now
under clinical investigation and which will help
people with severe migraines. To put it simply,
a small implant will be placed in the upper
gum and when the patient feels the onset of
a headache, he or she will just have to press
a special remote control to stop the pain-causing
transmitters.
Reporter: Sounds wondprful! Anything else?
Daniel: Yes. This inverition will delight patients
suffering from diabetes. These people have to
rake insulin shots by themselves and it's quite
a painful process. A device is being invented to
replace the needle used to do it with a patch
which does not prick your skin. Generally
speaking, the trends are to come up with devic;es
to alleviate as much pain as possible.
Reporter: I understand thdt these new inventions
don't rnmP cheap. Who will be able to afford
them?
Daniel: Well. this is always a sensitive issue. I think
medical companies always want to make as
much as possible from their ideas, but eventually
price decreases, so there's hope they, I mean the
devices, will, one day, be mass-produced and
therefore will not only he1p the wealthy.
Reporter: Sounds promising. I've also heard of
robotic check-ups. Could you tell us more about
them?
Daniel: It's tonnetted with so-called
telemed1c ne which uses robot-like machines
to 'TIOnitor people's health. Robotic check-ups
arp to be run by devices which lock like mobile
i
carts w th two-way video screens and medical
monitoring equipment They are programmed so
that they can move around hospital wards and
halls. They will help doctors and nurses by saving
them a lot of walking about!
Reporter: Might they, one day, replace doctors
or surgeons completely? Should all hospitals rely
more on technology than people?
Daniel: doubt ,t. You still need human judgment
and compassion tc treat people properly!
Reporter: Thank you Daniel for sharing all this
Witt> US.
Daniel: Thank you for inviting me.
mma::au
1 Alan: I'm f rnshing my school project on
Ladies and gentlemen,
Thank you very much for corning. At the outset,
I wish to say that the main airn of rny talk today
is not to convince you to use various ilpps our
company has come up with, but to offer you an
insight into how they work and what options
they give you. As you know, we make constant
attempts to improve technologies you can
download to your smartphones and we're
proud that more and more people are making
use of them. Our newest app, which I want to
encourage you to have a look at. is absolutely
brilliant. It helps you to improve your mood. All
you need to do is to take a photo of yourself
and send it to tre address given. n return,
you'll receive advice on what colours to wear,
what food to eat and what's more, it'll send
you some tunes to cheer you up and to make
your endorphins work for you. For an extra fee,
thP app will send you some jokes and tunny
video clips. I know it may sound like something
redundant in your life, but consider how often
you feel low and unable to look on the bright
side of life. This app will certainly put a smile
back on your face. You won't need expensive
pills or sessions at your therapist's! Our next
idea is for people who ...
2 nformation about how necessary volcanoes
rve read a fascinating article recently about
some researchers at the University of California
who are trying to find ways to read people's
minds with machines. I know that humans
have been trying to come up with devices
like these for ages, but now, apparently some
real progress is being made in this area, These
neuroscienmts are perfecting a method of
tr,rnslating electrical i:lCtivity from the brain
into comprehensible speech. I Just find it
extraordinary. I know some people fear that
it might lead to abuse, but I reckon it'll help
people get on with each other better. I believe
people will stop lying or hiding their true
feelings. A lot of people worry that others may
learn how to manipulate our thoughts, but
I think it's h1grly unlkely. I'm Just thrilled with
this prospect 1
3
Girl: What do you like the most about the
Internet?
Boy. Oh. What a qucstion 1 It's truly the best
invention ever! But werr� to give just one reason,
I'd go for its social d1mens1or. Young people,
especially, are so interconnected, well at least h
my view. I remember one political leader saying
that in his opinion the Internet helps people fight
against poverty or government decisions they
don't agree with.
Girl: Yes. sure. But it's certainly more about access
to information. You can learn everything with
a click of your mouse. It's just amazing1
Boy: Well, it's undeniably the greatest source of
information ever.
"'!]r-q.r.ii,;;;;;;;::;;::::;�-:------:\
\.
ffifflJ";,JWffl\
Mia: WhM are you doing, Alan?
i
volcanoPs. I just need some more information
about volcanoes which are still active and it'll be
done. Would you like to have a look?
Mia: Sure! Why did you choose to make a pre
sentation about volcanoes in the first place?
What's ;o exciting about them?
Alan: Well, you know me. I've always been
interested in nature and natural disasters and how
they affect human life. As for volcanoes, a month
ago or so I watched a TV programme about
volc,ir11 c eruptions and it made me read up more
on this phenomenon. The more I found out about
1t, the more fascinated I got and that's all.
Mia: see So what is so fascinating about
volcanoes then?
Alan: I don't know where to start because there
is so much to know abcut them. You might be
surprised by the fact that some volcanoes take
centuries to form, but some grow very quickly,
even overn 1grt, or that the highest volcano in
the solar system is on Mars.
Mia: That's the first time I've heard that' Anything
else?
Alan: Plenty! For example. most people only
associate volcanic eruptions with destruction,
without realis,ng they have beneficial effects.
Look at th,s slide Here I've included some
are for the soil in some parts of the world where
volcdnic ash helris farmers grow better crops.
The land in rnose places would become dry dnd
eventually erode if iT wasn't for The volcanic ash.
Mia: I must admit it's all new to rne. Thanks for
that. I'll have a look at some websites and let
you know when I find out something else about
volcanoes.
Alan: l hanks.
I always had an interest in the weather. I re­
member that when I was a child, I used to love
it when there was torrential rain or a blizzard.
Also I must have been the only child who wasn't
scared of thunderstorms. I would watch them
through my window and go Wow every time
lightning struck. So, later, I decided to learn more
about what causes all those changes in the
weather and studied meteorology. Actually, I am
st II passionate about the subject.
2 communities viewed them as an environmentally
I was never into geography, so I didn't really
have rnuch idea about weather forecasting.
I understood enough to know what to wear.
I never took much interest in things like 'low
front' or westerly winds' and what that meant
for people. It all changed when I grew up. My
son, who, unlike me, had a dream of becoming
a meteorologist, kept asking questions which
I couldn't answer while we were watching the
weather forecast. I began to read up on that and
that's how I got into the subject myself.
3 are any positive aspects, the disadvantages far
My boyfriend's father is an explorer. He goes on
all kinds of expeditions very often and usually
goes to faraway places. When he comes back,
he's full of fascinating stories about different
people, cultures and, what interests me, all kinds
of spectacular natural phenomena. I le does
what I can only read about in books or watch
on YouTube. I wis'l I could go with him on one
of these expeditions and see those magnificent
views with my own eyes. I've always wanted to
do something like that. Maybe one day?
4 Woman: Really? I think you misread the intentions
I went to Africa during my last holiday and,
on the whole, it was an amazing experience.
I lowever, one thing really made me very upset.
As a nature lover, I felt worried when I saw huge
forest areas being cleared tor houses or factories.
I understand people and countries want to
develop, but couldn't thi� be done without
destroying the natural habitats of so rnany
already endangered species of ar1irnals7
Girl: So, have you got a minute? I've finished what
I want to include in rny comment and I'd like you
to listen ,md tell me whether it makes sense.
Boy: OK. Go on.
Girl: So, here it goes: 'As an enthusiast of space
exploration, I wish to take part in this online
discussion and offer my point of view on the
problem. I believe that the people in charge
of space exploration had less noble intentions
than I'd originally anticipated. It came to light
that scientists are paid handsomely by rich
businesspeople to come up with space shuttles
and space accommodation so that richer
individuals could travel to space whenever they
want to. It is a money-making initiative and has
nothing to do with what space exploration was
originally about ... I'm totally opposed to this kind
of exploitation of the celestial world. We must put
a stop to it!' And what do you th nk? How does
it sound?
Boy: Sounds very serious for a post but it makes
sense .
2 about escaping from an avalanche before. I was
Woman: Corne on, why don't you listen to what
I'm saying' I told you I'd spoken to the man who
knows everything about wind farms and who
said how harmful they were to the people living
close to them. He mentioned nothing but the
disadvantages of having them around us.
Man: That's your point of view, based on one
man's oriinion. I've read a lot about wind farms
and most comments were favourable. The
friendly source of energy.
Woman: You read the comments and I spoke
to a person who is directly affected by the
presence of a wind farm and he says that the
noise coming from it is just unbearable. People
suffer from headaches and have become
terribly irritable.
Man: I guess it's much better than thousands
of people burning coal or gas to heat up their
houses, isn't it?
Woman: Really?You can't be serious. Even if there
outweigh the advantages. Can't you see itl
Man: You've made your point very clear, but I'm
afraid I don't see eye to eye with you "on that.
Woman: One day you will, I hope.
3 I felt the luckiest man on Earth. However, to my
Man: I've just read an article about Greenpeace
in the paper today. You know, the organisation
that tries to protect the environment by direct
action, and I think these people are just a bunch
of showoffs w10 want to attract public attention
to themselves rather than ecological issues.
of the author. I've read the same article; my
understanding is that they use unconventional
methods to achieve their goals and they ohen
succeed, don't they?
Man: As far as I'm concerned, they don't succeed
but get arrested, and all the money that could
be used to help environmental causes is spent
on getting them out of prison 1 I believe in more
peaceful methods of solving problems
Woman: Gut sometimes those'peaceful'methods
simply fail, while stunts like theirs work, because·
they hit the headlines and make people aware
of things. Well, at least in my opinion. But one
thing which no one can deny is that Greenpeace
does not accept money from governments or
corporations and relies only on donations from
people like us. Doesn't that speak in their favour?
Man: I guess so. I didn't know it was like that.
Maybe I should read more about their actions so
that I can get a fuller picture.
Climbing high in the mountdins has always been
my passion. I've been doing it for ages now and
I feel experienced enough to climb difficult
peaks even in extreme weather conditions. I'd
been quite lucky in my life until my trekking
expedition last year. I'd never experien< Pd an
avalanche, so when it suddenly came while I was
going up the pcuk, I felt, for the first time in my
life, unable to think straight. It just appeared out
of nowhere and, for a moment, I really didn't
know what to do as if I'd forgotten all I'd learnt
overcome by fear and thought I was going to
die there. Miraculously, I survived, but I haven't
done any climbing since then, which is unusual
for a thrill-seeker like me.
2
Most people are afraid of extreme weather
conditions, which ohen cause more or less
serious natural disasters, but not me. I'm a storm
chaser, so while the majority of my neighbours
run away from ao oncoming tornado, I try to
follow it and make videos of it. The last time
I was chasing a storm, I almost lost my life.
I came too close and the wind overturned my car.
Most people would feel scared stiff or hopeless
in such a situation, but I was simply excited.
I know it's nothing to boast about and I'm not.
I'm just saying that I enjoyed that experience
tremendously.
3
Three years ago, I took my family to South
America for a holiday. It had been my dream to
visit this part of the world and I wanted to make
it the holiday of a lifetime. My wife and my sons
were less keen to go thar I was, but in the end,
I talked them into the idea. I had redlly looked
forward to going, so when we finally arrived,
horror, our holiday turned into a nightmare when
disaster struck. Two days into our stay there was
a terrible earthquake. We were lucky not to have
died, but what we witnessed was just dreadful.
4
I work as an aid worker for different charities, so
now and again I get sent to different parts of the
world to help people in need, usually afTer some
natural disaster. It's an awfully demanding job,
which requires you to work under treme'ldous
pressure, but a very rewarding one too. Now
I'm in Africa, helping people who have been
suffering from drought for over six months. My
charity is building water wells for the villagers
and I'm responsible for coordinating the food
supplies. I feel at home with this task. It isn't the
first time I've had to deal with a thing like :hat. It
feels so good to be helping others'
fl�'-'!ll!;!i;;;:;:;:�:::;;::;:;::::�:...--:--;;1
mm;[:.Hmfl
Mat: Vicky, I'm really impressed by your
knowledge of fiags. How long have you been
interested in them?
Vicky: Oh, for as long as I can rem�mber1 My
interest in flags goes back to the time my family
lived in Canada My dad worked in the British
embassy there and I remember being fascinated
by all the different flags in his office i used to ask
him questiom about them, and later about the
countries themselves.
Mat: So you learnt so much thanks to your father.
Is that right?
Vicky: Not exactly. My dad was too busy to
answer my quesr,ons so he advised me to look
for more information in books or online. So I did.
I started off with the flags and then got interested
in the history and politics of the countries was
reading about.
Mat: This sounds very unusual for a girl who is
thirteen. Girls this age don't usually like politics,
do they?
Vicky: Well, I spent time with people who were
discussing politics all the time. The embassy WdS
regularly visited by heads of states, politicians
and economic advisers of all sorts. I was never
part of their meetings, of course, but I often
heard my dad talking about these visits later on.
So frankly speaking, I had no choice but to find
out more about the world I was iri
Mat: I suppose so. So which is your favourite flag 7
Well, except the Union Jack of course.
Vicky: I guess 'd go for some Afncan ones. They
are full of different symbols and their history
shows the fight of the Africans to become
ndependent. It's really 1ncred,ble how much
flags can tell you about a nation.
Mat: I've never thought of !lags 1n this way.
Maybe I ought to tind out more about the world's
hstory through !lags. It looks like I might get into
the subject as well.
Vicky: Why not?
Ldd;es and gentlemen.
Thank you for coming to th•s meeting. The
election is only a week away and you are
probobly wondering who to vote tor. Our party
understands thdt there are a lot of problems the
new government will have to face and solve
such as new recycling laws or moral standards
represented by our government. But I'm sure
you are here to find out how we are going to
cope wit'1 the financial ssues, the budget for
the new year and the tax system. We promise
to do our best in these areas because we want
you to live comfortable lives in our country. So,
first of all, we ...
2 I really don't know how to go about it. I wouldn't
Most people say that they didn't vote because
it was not convenient for them or they had no
time but my reasons are different. People think
I hate politics but that isn't true. I don't mind
politics as Jong as politicians make sense when
they speak ilnd don't lie or promise things they
don't remember about later on. So, I refused to
go because I wanted to show that I'm opposed
to what they do.
3 politics, economics, relationships between
Man 1: Don't you think it's time we did something
about this problem?
Man 2: I guess so. The government doesn't
seem to care about minority rights. I low about
organising a rrotest march in the city centre to
make people realise how we feel?
Man 1: That's probab1y the only option. I could
speak to some charity organisations to see f they
want to support the march. What do you think?
Man 2: Yes, it's a good idea. You know,
sometimes think we should join a party to have
more influence ...
Man 1: No, thanks. I'd rather do what I do now.
4 and thus supports the local farmers or does
To be honest with you, I can·t see any negative
sides of globalisation. People talk about the fact
that the more g obalised the world becomes, the
1 another country?
more we 1ose our national identity but I disagree.
Everyone benefits from technology. It allows us to
be in touch with the rest of the world. It's not just
young people who can travel and work abroad.
don't get people who are critical of globalisat1on.
They take advantage of it all the time.
s which I understand but don't support. I wish our
Girl: So what should we work onl I missed what
Mrs Watson said.
Boy: We're supposed to make a presentation on
the most serious crimes committed by young
people 1n our country.
Girl: A bit depressing, isn't it? What can we talk
about 7 r1ave you got any idea?
Boy: �hought we could talk about drug dealing.
It's a �orrible crime and indirectly leads to many
tragedies. Why don't we ask the teacher if it's
a good idea? She's in the staff room, talking to
the head teacher.
Girl: OK. Let's do that. /\nd later we can meet at
my place to do it together, right?
Boy: Fine.
6 a�ked me how globalisation affects relationships
Girl: Why are you drawing the flag of India?
Boy: it's part of my school project. We are
supposed to talk about a former British territory.
I've chosen India and I want to mention some
interesting facts ilbout India's fight for freedom,
modern Indian society and the ndiar flag,
Girl:The flag? What's so interesting about it? The
colours probably symbolise India's independence
fro"l'l Britain, don't they?
Boy: Not quire. In fact. the colours represent
courage, sacrifice, peace, truth and justice.
Girl: Oh, I see. I thought they were more
connected with the independence of India. You
never stop learning!
'fflffll:·.amD
Daughter: Dad, I have to write an essay about the
advantages and disadvantages of globalisation.
be bothering you, but ·m not even sure
I understand the idea. I've no clue how to begin.
Can you help me?
Father: It's quite a complex issue Did you learn
about it at school?
Daughter: Yes, we had a couple of boring
lectures followed by class debates but, to be
honest, couldn't figure out what the people
were on about. The discussions were about
people, commerce and eve'1 music gigs.
Father: That's because globalisat1on affects
all spheres of life. It doesn't only concern big
businesses but it influences the way we live, from
the food we eat to the values we represent.
Daughter: Really? I was under the impression
that globalisation was mainly about the spread
of technology, international relations or export·
import issues. Why is something as simple as
food or our relationships with other people
affected by globalisation 7
Father: Well, think about what you eat every day
and whe!e it comes from. Is it locally produced
it travel here from faraway lands because it's
cheaper and thus supports the economy of
Daughter: That's an interesting point. I don't
really pay attention to where the products I buy
come from. Do you and mum?
Father: We tend to but it isn't always possible.
Local markets are closing down and the
supermarkets sell whatever brings them profits,
local authorities would do more to help the local
producers!
Daughter: I see. And what about relationships?
Father: Traditional family systems are becoming
transformed or are under pressure.In many parts
of the world, women want greater equality and it
results in all kinds of problems.
Daughter: But Dad, that's good, isn't 1t? All people
should be equal.
Father: Certainly! But in many corners of the
globe, families used to lead more conservative
lifestyles and with the global trends arriving,
these lifestyles have been changing. It causes
conflicts between men and women. I do agree
promoting equality is a desirable trend but you
so I've just given you an example.
Daughter: I think I get the point of it now. I'll do
some more reading and then try to come up with
some ideas for the essay.
Father: OK. I hope I didn't make it even harder
for you. let me know if you get stuck.I'll give you
a hand.
Daughter: OK. Thanks.
Once when I was in Oxford, I bumped into
a famous politician quite by chance. I was
browsing through the books in the 'politics'
section in a bookshop when he came up and
said how unusual it was for a young person like
me to be into political matters. We struck up
a conversation and he kept asking me about
my political views and 1f I wanted to become
a politician. But the funny thing was I had no
interest in politics and the ony reason why
I was in that section wos that I was trying to find
a present for my brother. I wasn't brave enough to
admit that to the man so I pretended I had some
plans to start a political cclreer when I graduated.
2
Most people believe we are who we are because
of our roots and the values our family instils in us.
Obviously, there's a lot of truth in this but I think
as we grow up, we begin to make sense of this
world in our own individual way and our views
r
change. In my case, this is what appened. I was
born 'nto a family who always stuck to traditiOns
and had a very conventional way of thinking
When I became older, I adopted different points
of view. My father said that I should be ashamed
of myself but that didn't stop me from searching
for the truth arid rnore balanced opinions.
3 remind you that this is a non-smoking service.
I come from a liberal family, who has always
llelieveJ thdt people should tJe free tu du whatever
theywdrtas long as they respect other µeople and
don't harm them. So when I iearnt that our school
was about to be visited by a promising young
politician with conservative values, I decided to
anend the meeting. But I wish I hadn't. I was the
only person there with liberal ideas about life and
I'd no chance to express my views properly. Every
time I opened my mouth, the others started yelling
at me. They were simply uninterested in 'the other
truth'. What a shdme!
4 didn't tell her that, inventing some other excuse
When I was at un vers1ty, my father thought that
I should pursue a career in politics. That was
nevrr my drs,re but to make him happy, I went
to an interview for an assistant at a politician's
office. As ;t turned out, I had little to say, especially
when he asked me about the current political
and economic situation and what I thought the
most burning issues were. My embarrassment
was more than I could cope with so I left his office
without saying goodbye, which was even more
childish. I told my father what had haµpened and
he was really furious! I have no regrets though
because I know politics is definitely not tor me'
I'm so happy we decided to buy a cottage in
this area' It's such a lovely place to live in. We
chose it because we used to spend our holidays
here some time ago and we fell in love with
the place. It's very peacefu I here and the views
are just stunning. The only problem is few bus
or train connections to the city, but apart from
that, everything is the way it should be. We're
never bored here and we don't want to move
anywhere else.
2 To01: I agree. Maybe you should talk to your
Before I came here, I'd thought that the place was
going to be my dream destination. I expected
there would be plenty to do here but in fact,
there's only one restaurant and that's itlThe other
attractions haven't opened yet because it's not
the season, so I really feel like going back home.
There's nothing to do here. What a disastrous
holiday!
\]�{ijijj[flii1jite1S
I :hink this holiday was the worst nightmare of
my life. The town where we were staying was
d rty and unsafe, so we didn't feel like sightseeing.
Instead, we decided to go on trips to other places.
I lowever, the most annoying thing was that every
time we left on a trip, the coach would break down
or run out of petrol. Once it even had a flat tyre!
I guess we were just unlucky!
4 in mineralogy, prompted by his interest in how
So, when we get to our final destination, we're
going to check in first and then have lunlh in the
hotel. The journey will take us about five hours
and we're pldnning to stop twice on the way
at the service stations. I'll be serving drinks and
snacks in about half an hour, so please choose
what you'd like to have from our menu. We
We hope you'll enjoy travelling with us and that
we won't have to face much traffic Thank you for
your attention.
fflfJJl'.:1Wlfli>
Julie: You know what? I wish people wouldn't
judge others by their appearance.
Tom: What brought this about so out of the blue,
Julie?
Julie: I'm cross with my boss tor not employing
a really friendly-looking girl on the basis that she
was too short to work in a boutique. Obviously, he
instead like the lack of proper qualifications, but
I know it was his main reason. We really need
another shop assistant and she looked like
a suitable candidate to me.
Tom: I've heard that tall people always make
better impressions on employers and statistically
speaking, they get employed or promoted more
often. So, I guess your boss thought likewise.
I'm not saying that the taller you are, the more
successful you are, but some people do believe
so. Of course, it isn't fair, but people can't help
relying on first impressions, can they?
Julie: Fair enough, but you form your opinion
about other people judginy by rnore than Lheir
height. Surely, it doesn't matter how tall you are
when you work in a shop! This isn't a basketball
team!
Tom: You're right, but your boss may have
thought that the girl wouldn't look like a fashion
model and that's the irndge he wants his shop
to have. You sell top brands and you're supposed
to wear them so that the customers can see
them. Just look at you' You probably got the job
becau}e you're tall and pretty.
Julie: Don't be ridiculous' Don't forget I have the
riyht qualificationsl Well, on second thoughts,
perhaps I was taken on because of my looks.
I'd hate it if it was true though. It'd be unethical,
wouldn't it?
boss and express your concern. You said he's
approachable enough.
Julie: Yes, he is, but I never question his decisions.
Maybe I should find the courage w do it. I rniyht
find a minute tomorrow.
Tom: I'll keep my fingers crossed.
Julie: Thdnks.
mml':�
Woman: Vernadsky was born in 1863. Although
he was born in St Petersburg, and graduated
from the university there in 1885, his father was
a native of Kyiv. After graduating, he specialised
chemical reactions played an important µart in
the formation of the Earth and of the life on it.
I le had access to some of the latest equipment
and laboratories of the time and he travelled to
Italy and to Germany to carry out researc1 into
the properties of crystals. He was among the
first to recognise the link between atmospheric
gases and biological processes. Many scientists
before this had thought that the Earth's atmo­
sphere was somehow fixed. His work in this
field made him a pioneer of what we now call
environmental science. Vernadsky was the first
president of rhe Ukrainian Academy of Sciences
in Kyiv and was also an early proponent of
nuclear power. He died in 1945.
tiiffll';.Dffl11
Man: Nadia, tell us dbout Space Route 66.
Woman: Teams taking up the challenge had to
come Uf.l with a game or some sort of virtual
reality experience looking at a spaceport of the
future.
Man: You mean a spaceport as in an airport for
spacecraft.
Woman: Exactly ... and as such, it needs to take
into account the vertical take-off of rockets, as
well as the horizootal take-off used by other
craft - and of course, spacecraft that haven't
been thought of yet.
Man: I see.
Woman: The design also had to include the
airport facilities you normally find. But not only
that - a futuristic spaceport would also be a
place where training and vehicle maintenance
and ... possibly manufacture ... takes place.
Man: So they really did need to see into the
future! What did you mean about a game? You
mentioned that at the start. Did they have to
design a game?
Woman: That was one of the options. The
challenge said that the game could be online
so that people who joined in could add theif
own buildings or spaceships to the spaceport.
People could uµload pictures of their designs
to social media.
Man: So others could comment?
Woman: Yes. Another option was to create a
virtual tour of an existing spaceport. Others
could add their own vision of future develop­
ments.
Man: So, really, if you're using social media
for this. It's almost the opposite of the secret
designs of the µast.
Woman: Absolutely! Anyone can join in with
these challenges ... and anyone could possibly
help shape our future.
�
Woman: Today we're going to talk about the
2016 Space Apps Challenge, organised by
NASA. What kind of challenge was this?
Man: Well, it was related to the planned trips to
Mars. It's not going to be long before we travel
there and so the challenge was to explore the
surface of the planet bearing in mind that
there are some pretty extreme conditions
there.
Woman: Su the challenge wds to design some
kind of vehicle?
Man: Not in the way rnost µeoµle understand
it - not with wheels. It's a bit more comµlicated
than that. You see, it had to be portable. So it
had to be a kind of jet pack that you wear on
your back.
Woman: I see. Were there any other conditions?
Man: Yes, because of the distance of Mars
from the Earth, there's a problem carrying fuel
for these expeditions. So a condition was that
the fuel had to bP produced locally - in other
words, on Mars. And of course ... it would need
to power the engine enough to lih and trans­
riort the operator.
Woman: And I understand the winners of this
particular challenge come from Ukraine, is that
right7
Man; That's right. Their design, the Mars Hopper,
won che People's Choice award. One of che ceam
members, Oleksandr Burkaliuk said char he hoped
the desiqn would be adopted and he felt sure that
Ukraine had the technology to make it happen.
Woma'l: So did the team have to build a jet
pack?
Man: It was rnore important that they could
prove tl1ar it could be done, so rhey had to design
an opp ... that .vou/d act as a kind of flight
simulator ... and would take into consideration the
conditions on Mars.
Woman: And how did they get round the fuel
issue?
Man: They designed a jet pack that runs on
carbon dioxide. This would be collected on the
surface of Mars - there's plenty of it - and used
for each Oight. Basically it could refuel every
time 1t landed.
Woman: Sounds impressivei
Man: Yes. They made calculations regarding en­
ergy consumption to demonstrate that it could
be done. They also inc uded details of flight
conditions on Mars. Most of this was done on a
computer, but they did actually build a working
model too
Woman: To prove that it can be done.
Man: That's right.
Woman: Well, we don't have too long to wait
to see if it's used do we7
Man: No. We don't know exactly when. but the
first manned uip to Mars is not too far away.
Woman: Exciting stuffi Thank you for coming in
to talk to us.
Man: My pleasure.
fflffi'l';DSID
Steve:You want to know what I considertypically
Australian. Well. I'm a Brit so my ideas may differ
from those of a real Aussie but I guess I could try.
I've been living in Sydney for the last 10 years so
I have some idea, I suppose.
Sue: Exactlyl Your idea number one, please.
Steve: Well. apart frorn the usual things ,uch as
kdngaroos or koala bears, I'll go for ugg boots.
Sue: A good idea because I have no clue what
they are.
Steve: Yes, you do. They've become extremely
popular recently all over the world but were
originally worn only in Australia and New Zealand
ilS slippers and later as outdoor boots. Look at
the picture.
Sue: Oh yes. Why do they have such a strange
name?
Steve: Some people say that 'ugg' comes from
'ugly'. The boots were considered ugly by many
people and at one point they were even banned,
so teenagers wore them as a sign of rebellion.
Sue: Interesting! Any famous Australians?
Steve: l'rn eighteen so for rne the most reco­
gniLoble Aussie is Cody Simpson, a pop und R & B
singer. He's very young but promising.His albums
and singles have won some prizes and he gives
concerts all over the world, which is something
'or a person from Down Under.
Sue: OK. Any typical food?
Steve: I'd definitely mention Vegemite which,
apparently, you can find in 90% of Australian
homes. It's a brown yeast paste used as
a sandwich spread. It's similar to our British
Marmite but less salty and bitter I guess. People
often have it on toast with some cheese, lettuce
or avocado. Most foreigners find its taste pretty
strange though.
Sue: Oh. yes. I agree totally. And as for sports?
Anything typically Australian7
Steve: I'd say cricket and rugby are the most
popular, but for rne the greatest sports event
in this part of the world is the Australian Open
held in Melbourne every January. I love this
Grand Slam tournament because almost every
year a new tennis star is discovered and there's
a surprise victory, like in January 2014 Stanislas
Wawrinka defeated Novak Djokovic znd Rafael
Nadal to win his hrst Grand Slam title.
Sue: That's right. And hnally something about
Australian English?
Steve: Well, Australians have a different accent
and they use some different vocabula(y and
grammar structures as well as spelling rules. Their
everyday language is sometimes called 'Strine'.
spelt S-T-R-1-N-E. Some examples of Australian
English have made it into British English such as
'barbie' for'barbecue'.
Sue: Thank you, Steve, for all this information.
Steve: You're welcome.
mmr·nnm
1 What are the capital cities of Australia and New
Zealand?
2 Which city hosts the Australian Open7
3 Which fashion item is an Australian invention?
4 Whdt does mozzie mean 7
5 What do we call the native people of New
Zealand7
6 Who is the most famous New Zealand film
director?
7 What do we ohen call people from Australia
and people from New Zealand?
8 What is another name for Australian English?
mmi:·:mnm
Kim: So Olivia, you love dancing and. from what
I gather, you know a lot about various dance
styles. ls it true that in your dancing career you've
had the opportunity to perform dances trom all
over the world?
Olivia: Yes, I have. I try to be as versatile a dancer
dS possible and, what's more. it's excit ng for me
to get to know traditional dances from other
parts ot the world. Recently we've been working
on a traditional Canadian folk ddnce called metis
dance. The name comes from tre Aboriginal tribe
in Canada and the main instrument is the violin.
I really love this rhythmic dance.
Kim: Any other favourites?
Olivia: Oh yesi Irish dancing for example. I'm
particularly keen on ceili dancing. It's very fost c1nd
quite complex but really enjoyable. We can dance
ceili in groups of up to sixteen so you can imagine
how spectacular it looks when such a big group
synchronises their movements really well1
mmil'oDDm
Olivia:You dren't going to believe me. Now we're
learning the haka. a traditional Maori dance.
Kim: You're joking! I thought it's only performed
by the New Zealand team at rugby matches ...
Olivia:That's what most people think and it's true
to some extent, but we want to learn at least
one dance from each of the English speaking
countries so we chose,the haka.
Kim: Oh, I see. What exactly Is this dance about?
Olivia: It's a traditional ancient Maori dance that
the tribe used to perform on the battlefields.
The purpose of this dance was to show the
tribe's pride and power so the performance
Included and still includes a lot of foot stamping,
body slapping and loud chanting. Today the
haka is danced during Maori ceremonies to
honour guests or highlight the importance
of the event, so that's why it's a tradition at
rugby matches. This war dance is also taught
at schools, so we thought we could have a go
as well. It's fun dancing it!
Kim: How unusual for girls to learn the dance of
tribal soldiers1
Olivia: Unusual is the word here 1 The more
original, the better for me.
�
1 Which city do the Beatles come from7
2 Which genre of music is New Orleans famous
for?
3 Where does the vend a drum come from?
4 What type of instrument is the didgeridoo?
5 Apart from reggae, what other music is Jamaica
famous for?
6 Where does rnento come from?
7 When is the haka performed most often?
8 Which country is the ceili associated with7
 Get 200!
Exam preparation course
for Ukraine

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