M

Contents

Introduction 4 UNIT 25 Gifts and saying thank you 67

UNIT 26 Checking facilities and information 70
UNIT 1 About you 5
UNIT 27 Shopping 73
UNIT 2 About your job 7
UNIT 28 Your colleagues 75
UNIT 3 About where you work 9
UNIT 29 Your office building 77
UNIT 4 Your business activities 12
UNIT 30 How things work 79
UNIT 5 The location of your company 15
UNIT 31 Requesting information 81
UNIT 6 The layout of your company 18
UNIT 32 Staying in a hotel 84
UNIT 7 Meeting and welcoming 21
UNIT 33 Booking conference facilities 86
UNIT 8 The first tw o minutes 24
UNIT 34 Organising a trip 88
UNIT 9 Partings and thanks 26
UNIT 35 Hiring a car 91
UNIT 10 Setting up a meeting 28
UNIT 36 Returning home 93
UNIT 11 Confirming arrangements 31
UNIT 12 Changing plans 34 General note on contractions 96
General note on capital letters in
UNIT 13 Dealing with the unexpected 37
business titles 96
UNIT 14 Explaining and apologising 40 Reference section 97
UNIT 15 Making contact by phone 42 Glossary of business-related terms 118
Answers 121
UNIT 16 Dealing with incoming calls 44 Audioscripts 135
UNIT 17 Leaving and taking messages 46
UNIT 18 Email and telephone problems 49
UNIT 19 Drinks and snacks 52
UNIT 20 Eating out 55
UNIT 21 Outings and sightseeing 57
UNIT 22 Starting a journey 59
UNIT 23 Travelling 62
UNIT 24 Arriving and meeting contacts 64

Contents 3
Introduction
This Self-study guide is part of the English for Business
Life business English course. It follows the English for
Business Life syllabus and language program me. Each
level of the English for Business Life course has a
Self-study guide - this is the elem entary level.
This Self-study guide can be used:
• as a stand alone self-study course
• in class to supplem ent English for Business Life
course work
• for hom ew ork
• as a key com ponent of the 'com prehensive' study
track (the English for Business Life course has three
study tracks: fast, standard and comprehensive)
• as practice m aterial for learners w ho are following
general English courses and need practice in
everyday business English.
Each unit begins with a recorded sum m ary of useful
phrases and includes:
• clear study notes
• realistic practice exercises.
At the back of the Guide are:
• an easy-to-follow language Reference Section
• a Glossary of key business-related terms
• clear answers and audio text to support the practice
exercises.
The recorded m aterial is available on a CD which is
included with the book. The recordings include
standard accents and examples of people from different
parts of the world speaking English. The comm on
contracted forms used in real business com m unication
(I'm, isn't, won't, etc.) are dem onstrated in the
exercises. For details of the m ain contractions in this
Guide, see the note on page 96.
Recommended study procedure
• Listen to the Useful Phrases as often as possible and
repeat w here appropriate.
4 Introduction
• Work through the Study Notes and refer to the
Reference Section as indicated.
• Note down words and phrases that are particularly
useful to you.
• Use a good dictionary to check the m eanings of
unfam iliar words.
• Work through the exercises and then check the
answers at the back of the book.
Some study tips
• Approach language learning with the same level of
com m itm ent that you would any other project in
your work. It can be useful to prepare a 'contract'
with yourself in which you agree to do a certain
am ount of work on your English per day/w eek/
m onth.
• In our view, 'little and often' is m ore effective than
occasional long study sessions. W hen you travel,
take your Self-study guide with you. You can work
with it at times that suit you - for example, w hen
you are in your car, at hom e or on a plane. Journeys
can provide a great opportunity for uninterrupted
practice.
• Use new language and phrases w henever possible.
Live practice is the best way to learn new terms.
• Keep a paper/electronic study file in which you note
down the language most relevant to your everyday
needs.
• Relate the language presented and practised to your
particular area of business. If there are term s you
need which are not included in the material, do
some research on the Internet, and consult English-
speaking colleagues, friends and teachers.
• Make use of the English-speaking media - in
particular, facilities on the Internet. Listen to the
radio and TV. Read professional journals and
newspapers. Subscribe to an English magazine
which interests you from a work or leisure point of
view'.
UNIT 1
About you
Some useful phrases Study notes
Listen to the recording and repeat H ello
We often use hi instead of hello in informal situations.
Hello, are you Tom Young?
Yes, I am. No, I am (I'm) not. ... are you Tom Young?
See Reference Section 11.1 for subject pronouns (I, you etc.)
Good morning, my name is Mary Segal. Listen to these pronouns and repeat.
Good morning. Good afternoon. Singular I You He She It
Good evening, Mrs Segal. Plural We You They
I work for MAT. Are you ...? Yes, I am.
I work in the finance department. See Reference Section 1.1 for details of the verb to be.
Finance Sales IT My n am e is ...
What do you do? Notice these alternatives:
I'm an accountant. first name given name Christian name
an accountant an engineer family name last name surname
a sales rep a designer G ood m orn ing, Mrs Segal.
what is (What's) your first name? Listen to these titles and repeat:
What's your number? Mr Mrs Miss Ms
It is (It's) 020259366 IT
first name family name IT = inform ation technology
home number work number I'm an accou n tan t.
mobile number a becomes an before a vowel (a e i o u).
Where are you from?
... an a ccou n tan t ... an en gin eer
I'm from MAT in Hamburg.
... a sales rep ... a design er
Here is my card. We use a!an before occupations. See also Reference Section 9.1.
It's nice to meet you.
rep
Pleased to meet you. rep = representative
What's your num ber?
Listen to these num bers and repeat:
0 (oh/zero) 1 {one) 2 (two) 3 {three) 4 {four)
5 (five) 6 (six) 7 (seven) 8 (eight) 9 (nine)

About you 5
Practice
Telephone numbers e.g. Is she an . . & ■ & ?
a I work for a .............................company.
1 Listen and complete these phone num bers.
b It's a .................... ........ job.
C
aJL 73...?..... Q... 46...?,.. 100 c Is it a n ................ ............nam e?
b 2 ......... . 8 ...... 39 d It isn't a n ............ ................ company.

4^
00
c ............ 1 .. . ....62 .... e Are you a ...........
d ...6 1 .... f We're a ............... ..............company.
e 0 6 ...... ....... 52 g I think it's a ....... ..................... num ber.
f 628 3 ... ...... 2

Dialogues Simple exchanges

2 Listen to the dialogues and fill in the gaps. 4 Read the text, then complete the exchanges.

D ialogu e 1 Terry M aynard: 'M y nam e's Terry M aynard. I

- a ..fcX&IAS£..!*£........................................................... w ork for Fox Construction, Glasgow. I'm in the IT
are you Eddie Yung from BIT? departm ent. I'm an IT manager. My work num ber is
- b .................................................................................. 765 67 100.'
- c .................................................................................. Lucy G om m e: 'I'm Lucy Gomme from Spar
- d .....................................................................................................................................................................
Engineering, Chicago. I'm an electrical engineer. I
My name's Kurt Jarvis. I'm from Key Trading w ork in the m aintenance departm ent. My num ber
in Hong Kong. is 34 67 22.'
e ..................................................................................?
e.g. You: Is Terry M aynard an accountant?
D ialogue 2
LG: ke- j.SW.’t . r . . B . ^ r . .........
- Hi, I'm Tina Awola.
- f ........................................................................ Tina. a You: .............................................................................
TM: No, she isn't. She's from Spar Engineering,
I work for the International Credit Bank, in Chicago.
Lagos. b You: Is your num ber 34 67 22?
h ............................................................................. LG: ..............................................................................
- i ............................................................................. c You: .............................................................................
Here's my card. W hat do you do at the TM: No, it isn't. It's in Glasgow.
International Credit Bank? d You: Is Ms Gomme's first nam e Mary?
- j ............................................................................ TM: .............................................................................
I'm a lawyer.
e You: .............................................................................
Vocabulary, a/an TM: No, I'm not. I'm in the IT departm ent.
f You: Is Ms Gomme an electrical engineer?
3 Fill in the gaps using each of the words in the
TM: .............................................................................
box once.
g You: Are you from Fox Construction, Glasgow?
accountant / Germ an Japanese
LG: ..............................................................................
Italian good sales manager
international manufacturing

6 UNIT 1
 UNIT 2
About your job
Some useful phrases Study notes
Listen to the recording and repeat W hat do you do? / 1 w ork for ...
These are examples of the Simple Present tense.
What do you do? See also Reference Section 2.1.
I work for an insurance company called Sarf.
H ow do you sp ell Sarf?
an insurance company a bank Listen to the alphabet and repeat:
a glass manufacturer a law firm a b c d e f g h
How do you spell Sarf? j k 1 m n o p q r
How do you spell that? s t u v w x y z
S-A-R-F. Note the US and UI< pronunciation of z.
I am (I'm) on the sales side. UI< = zed; US = zee
I work in the sales department. I w ork in Sales.
department division section You can say: I work in Sales
or I work in the sales department.
I work in Sales.
See Reference Section 9.2 for uses of the.
I work in the European Sales Team. See also the notes on capital letters in business titles on page 96.
I'm (the) assistant manager.
I'm th e assistan t m anager.
assistant deputy You can say, e.g.: I am the assistant manager
I'm (the) deputy sales director. or I am assistant manager.
Do you like your work? I am the IT manager
Yes, I do. No, I do not (don't). or I am IT Manager.
See Reference Section 9.2 for uses of the.
Yes, I like it very much.
See also the notes on capital letters in business titles on page 96.
Yes, I lik e it very m uch.
Notice these object pronouns:
Singular Plural
me us
you you
him they
her they
it they
See also Reference Section 11.1.

About your job 7

Practice
Listening for key information Use o f the a n d -
1 Listen to the recording and fill in the gaps using the 3 Fill in the gaps w ith the or - .
words in the box. a I am o n ..... ............... sales side.
b They work i n .....................Purchasing.
assistant Benedict Claude d epartm e nt
c She i s .....................deputy sales director.
law firm manager M onaco Saffer Security
d Do you work i n ....................service departm ent?
e W ho i s ..................... finance director?
N am e C om pany City P ositio n
f Ivo and Maria work i n .....................European
a Cld'ttde- Rhodes c ................ Accounts sales team.
Dumas Associates d .............. g My boss is head o f .....................IT division.
( b ..............)
h They work f o r .....................insurance company
Mila f ................ Ottawa g .............. o n .....................second floor.
e .............. (insurance head of
company) the legal Spelling
h ............. 4 Practise spelling the following,
a Your first name.
b Your family nam e,
Object pronouns: me, him, etc. c The nam e of your town/city,
d The nam e of your company.
2 Fill in the gaps using object pronouns,
e.g. I lik e .... !.T.......(my job) very m uch.
Identifying yourself
a Do you k n o w ................. (Mrs Levison, the
Assistant M anager)? 5 Read this statem ent, then w rite a statem ent about
yourself.
b You know your Chairman, but does he know
?
‘My name is Paulo Chitolina. I w o rk fo r an insurance
c She lik es................... (her colleagues) very m uch. com pany called Etaak. It’s a Brazilian company. I w o rk in Sao
d I don't k n o w .................. (the Finance Director, Paulo. I'm an electrical engineer I w o rk on the maintenance
Mr Boyce) very well. side. I'm Assistant Manager
e We don't know the new manager, and he doesn't
k n o w .....................
f Does she lik e .................. (your ideas)?
g I know her, but she doesn't k n o w .....................

8 UNIT 2
UNIT 3
About where you work
Some useful phrases Study notes
Listen to the recording and repeat W hat is th e address?
97 G eneva Road.
Where do you work? Road has a capital letter R w hen it is used in a nam e.
I work in an office in the centre of town, Notice these abbreviations:
office factory warehouse building Road - Rd. Street - St. Avenue = Av.
What is (What's) the address? Drive = Dr. Square = Sq. Place = PL
97 Geneva Road. 97 G eneva Road
Road Street Avenue Drive See Reference Section 20.1 for cardinal num bers: one, two,
it is (It's) near the station. three etc.
It's not far from the airport. There are som e good restaurants nearby.
There are some good restaurants nearby. There aren't any shops.
See Reference Sections 1.2 for there is! are, and 13.1 for some Iany.
restaurants cafes bars shops
Note that some nouns are 'countable' - we can count them:
There are not (aren't) any shops. a shop, two shops, some shops.
Do you have a cafeteria? Some nouns are 'uncountable' - we m easure them : some milk
Do you have a car park? (not a milk), a litre of milk, two litres of milk (not some milks).
We have an excellent cafeteria. D o you h ave a cafeteria?
There is (There's) a car park in the basement. We h ave an e x c e lle n t cafeteria.
My office is on the first floor, See Reference Section 1.3 for examples of the Present Tense of the
first second third verb to have.
We must meet for lunch. ... in th e basem en t.
Good idea. Notice the prepositions on the first Isecond floor and on the ground
floor. But in the basement.
UK English, ground floor = US English, first floor.
... on th e first floor.
See Reference Section 20.2 for ordinal num bers: first, second,
third, etc.

About where you work 9

Practice
Saying what you do and where you work Ordinal numbers
1 Listen to the speaker and answ er the questions, Listen to these (ordinal) num bers and write the
a W here does she work? form of the abbreviations in full.
1st First 6th
2nd 7th
b W hat's the address?
3rd 8th
4th 9th
c W hich floor is her office on? 5th 10th

d Do they have any warehouses? The verb to have

4 Write the correct form of to have in the gaps.
e Are there any cafes in M orton Street? e.g. (y o u )....P? . ... a canteen?
Yes, we do - it's on the seventh floor.
a The building.................................ten floors.
Cardinal numbers No, it doesn't, i t .........................................nine.
2 Listen to these num bers and fill the blanks. b W here do you make your products?
W e .................................a factory near Naples.
1 one 20 tw enty
2 two 21 tw'enty-one c (your h o te l)....................................a car park?
3 three 22 No, it doesn't.
4 four 23 tw enty-three d (th e y ).................................a w arehouse near the
5 . i ' m ....... 24 tw enty-four airport?
6 six 25 Yes, they do.
7 seven 26 twenty-six e The factory ................................... any cafes or
8 eight 27 tw enty-seven restaurants nearby.
9 nine 28 tw enty-eight Yes, I know, but i t .................................. a good
10 ten 29 tw enty-nine canteen.
11 30
12 twelve 40 forty
13 thirteen 50 fifty
14 fourteen 60 sixty
15 fifteen 70
16 80 eighty
17 seventeen 90 ninety
18 eighteen 100 a hundred
19 nineteen

10 UNIT 3
Dialogue there is/are; some/any
5 Fill in the gaps in the dialogue using words from the 6 Complete the examples using there isIare
box. and/or some!any.
address any basement fo r have in e.g. - Is there fruit juice?
in near on some w here - No, b u t ...................................... m ineral water.
a - Are th e r e ......................shops near your office?
A: We m ust m eet a ........................................lunch.
- Yes,........................
B: Good idea.
b - Do you have a car park?
A: b ......................do you work? - No, b u t ........a car park near the
B: I work c ......................an office d ....................... station.
the station. c - Do you h a v e ......................shops in the
A: Are there e .........................restaurants nearby? building?
B: No, there aren't, but there are f ...................... - Yes,..........................on the ground floor.
good restaurants g ......................Start Street. And d - Is th e r e ......................milk?
we h ......................an excellent canteen. - Yes, it's in the fridge.
A: W hat's the i ......................? e - .....................cafes or restaurants nearby
B: 69 Axel Road. My office is j ......................the - Yes, that's true, b u t ......................in Henry
sixth floor. Square.
A: Do you have a car park? f - ..................... a translation unit in the
building?
B: Yes, its in the k ........................
- Yes,........................ one in the basem ent.
g - .....................good bars near here?
- N o ,........................
- ......................in Oslo Street?
- No, b u t ......................in Oslo Place.

About where you work 11

UNIT 4
Your business activities
Some useful phrases
Listen to the recording and repeat
What does your company do?
We make parts for computers.
We are (We're) in the IT industry,
make parts export shoes
import cars sell insurance
We're in the insurance business.
What are you working on at the moment?
We're working on a new product.
We're developing a new management
information system.
We're building a factory in Thailand.
We're opening an office in Russia.
How is (How's) business?
Is business going well?
Yes, it is. No, it is not (isn't).
We're making a lot of money.
Where are your main markets?
We do a lot of business in Western Europe.
We do not (don't) do much business in the
Far East.
We do 90% of our business in South America.
Do you do much business in Eastern Europe?
Yes, quite a lot. No, not much.
12 UNIT 4
Study notes
m ak e p a rts/d o a lo t o f busin ess
Make m eans to create or construct.
We make parts for computers.
Do is used to talk about activities, especially work:
We do a lot of business in Western Europe.
Note the expressions to make money and we are making a lot of money.
See also Reference Section 18.1 for uses of make and do.
W hat are you w o rk in g on at th e m o m en t?
We are d e v e lo p in g a n e w ... system .
Compare the Present Continuous tense and the Simple
Present tense.
What does your company do? (Simple)
What are you working on at the moment? (Continuous)
See Reference Section 2.2 for the Present Continuous tense.
We are m ak in g a lo t o f m oney.
We d on 't do m u ch b u siness in ...
Notice these examples a lot of/lots of much and many.
A ffirm ative: We are making a lot of/lots of money.
They export a lot of/lots of shoes.
N egative: We aren't making much money.
They don't export many shoes.
Interrogative: Are you making much money?
Yes, (quite) a lot. / Yes, a lot. / No, not much.
Do they export many shoes?
Yes, (quite) a lot. / Yes, a lot. / No, not many.
See also Reference Section 13.3.
... W estern Europe.
... S ou th A m erica.
See Reference Section 20.13 for parts of the world.
90% o f our business
90% = ninety per cent
75% = seventy-five per cent
Practice
Dialogue e i We have an excellent production

1 Listen to the dialogue and fill in the gaps.

manager. □
ii We are having an excellent production
A: W hat a d oer
.
. S . d o ........................ ? manager. □
B: W e're b ........................................................................
f i Business goes very well, □
We c ............................................programmes from
the States and Japan.
ii Business is going very well. □
g i I like my work very much. □
A: W here d ..................................................................... ?
B: About e .......................................................................
ii I am liking my work very much. □
our business is f .......................................................
A: Do you do g ...............................................................? Questions
B: No, h ............................................................................
3 Match the questions with the responses.
A: How are things going i ............................................ ?
Who do you work for? □
B: Very well. W e're selling a new programme for
W hat business are you in? □
managers in medium-sized companies, and
j ....................................................................................
W here's your office? □
W here are your m ain markets? m
How m any people are there in your
The Present Continuous vs. the Simple Present departm ent? □
Do you have any factories in
2 Choose the correct form of the verb.
. W hat do you do?
Eastern Europe? □
g How m uch business do you do in the
i I work for a company called Nix. 0 Far East? n
ii I am working for a company called Nix. h W hat are you working on at the m om ent? □
W hat does your company do? i How's business? □
i We make spare parts. □ i We do 90 per cent of our business in
ii We are making spare parts. □ North America.
ii Yes, we have one in Hungary and one
How is business?
in Poland.
i Not good. We don't make any money. □ iii
ii Not good. We aren't making any money. □ iv
i How do you spell your name? □ V
ii How are you spelling your name? □ information system.
vi
i We build a new factory in South Africa. □ vii
ii We are building a new factory in viii
South Africa. □ ix

Your business activities 13

Writing about your company Parts o f the world; percentages
4 Read this statem ent, then write a statem ent about 6 Write sentences about your company, using the
your company (or one you know). table as a guide.
eg We; d?. fo-hp.yt.. 3 5 7 ° . .P'W blASjw&SS
‘Prada SA make satellite dishes.Their head office is in Paris,
. ..i.'H jrWe- F ftr.frx s f ...........................................
but th e ir main factories are in IndiaThey are building a new
factory near Bombay at th e m om ent.They are developing a
new "m ini-dish".’ We do about ten of our Western
per cent business in Europe.
(10%)
We import fifty per of our the Far
about cent materials East.
(50%) from
We export ninety of our South
a lot of/m uch/m any; make/do about per cent products to America.
(90%)
5 Complete these sentences with:
- a lot of, a lot, much, many
- the correct form of make or do
e.g. - Are y o u ..... ...................... any profit?
- No, not v e ry ..........*V./W£rl'V..........

a - W hat does your c o m p a n y ............................ ?

- We sell shoes.
b W e .......................... ................................work for
Microsoft.
c - H o w ................... ........ sales reps do they have?
- N o t.....................
d W e .......................... .. parts for the car industry.
e We h a v e ................ ...........customers in France.
f - Are th e r e ............................ hotels near you?
- Yes, q u ite ................................
g We d o n 't ................
business in Central America.
h We a r e n 't..............
money.
i - W hat are y o u ... ?
- I 'm ...................... ..... a telephone call.
j - H o w ................... ........ time do you need?
- N o t.....................
k I like my job very ..
I I 'm .......................... coffee - would you
like some?

14 UNIT 4
UNIT 5
The location of your company
Some useful phrases
Listen to the recording and repeat
Where are your company's main offices?
Our head office is in Singapore.
Our engineers' offices are ...
... two kilometres away.
... five kilometres west of the city.
... ten kilometres to the south.
north south east west
Do you have any distributors in Korea?
We have one in the south-west of the country.
south-west
north-west
Where are your production plants?
They are (They're) not far from Seoul.
Where are they exactly?
They're in Inchon.
It is (It's) a big city. It's a small village.
city town village
Is it far from Pusan?
It's about 300 kilometres away.
It's about 300 kilometres from Pusan.
jp j
Study notes
... your com pany's m ain ...
Our en gin eers' o f fic e s ...
Notice these examples of possessive nouns.
See also Reference Section 10.4.
... m ain offices
Notice these regular plurals:
office —* offices
kilometre —* kilometres
distributor —► distributors
See also Reference Section 10.1 for com m on exceptions.
Our head office ...
south-east Listen to these possessive adjectives.
north-east Singular: my your his her its
Plural:our your their
See also Reference Section 11.2.
...i n th e so u th -w e st o f th e country.
Notice these prepositions:
It is south of the city.
It is in the south of the county.
place See also Reference Section 20.12 for the points of the compass.
Is it far from Pusan?
Notice the propositions:
They are not fa r from Seoul.
It is about 300 kilometres aw ay (from Pusan).
300 k ilom etres
Numbers 100-1000
300 three hundred 900 nine hundred
360 three hundred and sixty 920 nine hundred and twenty
See Reference Section 20.1 for m ore examples.
The location of your company 15
Practice
Reading a map; compass points Possessive adjectives and possessive nouns
1 Listen to the recording and m ark the places listed in 2 Complete the sentences using the inform ation
Box 1 on the map. Then write sentences giving the below.
location of the places in Box 2.
Box I N am e N u m ber
M anchester D o ve r Ipswich Brighton Company Tinto Inc 6872 543
Non-Executive Ray Bunghi 4002 356
Box 2 Directors Mai Nixon 3679 901
Plymouth C ardiff Birmingham York M anaging Director Wallace Bright 6871227
Secretary Cathy Fongello 6871 730
Sales M anager Anne Grundig 6871 774
Secretary Maria Cobb 6871 395

e.g. .The [s. . i s .. Tinto Inc.

a ........................................................ 6872 543.
b ........................................................ Wallace Bright.
c ........................................................ 6871 227.
d ........................................................ Ray Bunghi
and Mai Nixon.
e ....................................................... 4002 356 and
3679 901.
f ........................................................ 6871 395.
g ........................................................ Maria Cobb.
h ........................................................ Anne Grundig.

Dialogue
3 Fill in the gaps using the following words
and phrases.

about away exactly far from

m ain.-' place th a t to the n o rth

A: W here's your a ....... !*$■.)1S....... production?

B: It's in a b ..........................called Denia.
A: W here's c ......................... ?
B: It's in Spain.

16 UNIT 5
 A: But w here d ..........................? Numbers 100-1000; plural nouns
B: It's e ..........................a hundred kilometres to the
5 Re-write the inform ation below using plural nouns
w'est of Valencia.
A: Is it f ..........................Madrid? e.g. factory/730 &&&.............
B: Yes, Madrid is about 400 kilometres f h .ir t ^ .^c^tjrpr j&s........................................
g .........................., to the north-w est.
a salesperson/350 ......................................................
A: And how far is it from Marseilles?
B: Oh, Marseilles is about 900 kilometres b boss/1 2 6 ....................................................................
h ............................ c branch/248 ......... .....................................................
d shelf/580 ...................................................................
e w om an/870 ..............................................................
Writing about your company
f m an/121 ...................................................................
4 Read the statem ent below, then write about your
g radio/690 ..................................................................
company (or one you know).
h com pany/916...........................................................
‘I w o rk fo r a com pany called DFG Electronics. It’s a small i address/412 ..............................................................
com pany w ith its main offices in Bristol. Bristol is about 120
miles w est o f London. O u r main sales office is in a place
called Slough, a to w n about 20 miles w est o f London. A
hundred and th irty people w o rk fo r th e company: ninety
men and fo rty w om an.’

The location of your company 17

UNIT 6
The layout of your company
Some useful phrases Study notes
Listen to the recording and repeat This is you r visitor's pass.
T he to ile t is th a t w ay.
Can you sign in please? This I these are used with people or things that are near to
This is your visitor's pass. the speaker:
The main building is that way. This is my boss. It's up these stairs.
This place is a warehouse. That!those are used with people or things that are not near to
The sales department is through those doors, the speaker:
That woman is an accountant. Production is in those buildings.
this that these those
See also Reference Section 12.1.
Where is (Where's) the service centre?
It is (It's) over there, ... th rou gh th o se doors.
Notice these prepositions of direction. See also Reference
it's behind the main biock.
Section 17.3.
It's next to the sales department.
The entrance is opposite the showroom. -£ > □
How do I find it? to down through past
Go down here. Drive up there. ... b eh in d th e m ain block.
Walk along this road. Notice these prepositions of place. See also Reference Section 17.2.
It's on the left,
road corridor B
in
□
on next to in front of
•0
behind
left right straight on
The toilet is that way. .Ln R Ln R .
opposite between on the left of on the right of
It's upstairs.
upstairs downstairs Go d o w n here.
D rive up there.
It's the second door on the right.
Here, go I drive are imperatives. You form the imperative from
the infinitive.
to go —►Go along here.
to drive —►Drive down here.
You form the negative with do not:
(Do not) Don 'tgo that way.
[Do not) Don't drive this car.
See also Reference Section 5.

18 UNIT 6
Practice
Identifying buildings Dialogue
1 Listen to the recording and complete the key. The 3 Fill in the gaps in this dialogue using the words in
speakers are at the main gate. the box.

along behind block entrance how

on main / place that your

A: That's the a .... .................production building

over there.
B: W hat's this b ..........................?
A: It's the testing area.
B: W here's c ..........................R&D section?
A: It's in the workshop and m aintenance
d ...........................
1 B: W here's e ..........................?
A: It's f ......................... the adm in building.
B: g ......................... do I find it?
A: Go h ......................... here, past the car park. It's
the second building i ..........................the left. The
j ......................... is opposite the main gate.

Giving directions
4 Complete the exchanges. You are at the Main gate.
Demonstrative adjectives: this/that etc. Site plan

2 Write this, that, these or those in the gaps.

e.g. 'fh'fof..... building there is the conference centre.
a ......................... places on the left here are all
workshops.
b I s ................. path here the way to the m ain gate?
c Is the personnel section i n ............... offices here?
d The accounts departm ent is th ro u g h .....................
door over there.
I Conference centre 6 Main production building
e W h a t's......................... place here?
2 Testing area 7 W orkshops and Maintenance
f ......................... room over there is my office. 3 Paint shop 8 W arehouse and Stores
g The paint shop is th ro u g h ......................... doors 4 C ar park (G oods Inwards)
over there. 5 Main block 9 Main gate

The layout of your company 19

 a W here's the conference centre?
i f [s oy...tk\£.. .WZXt.£<?.,tk£..t&shWfyM.zA-
AB CC TA
b ...................................................................................
It's opposite the m ain gate.
c .......................................................................................
SP PS WM
It's next to the w arehouse and stores building.
d W here's the workshops and m aintenance block?

e W here's the car park? WS

f MG
It's behind the m ain block. — SR
CP
g .......................................................................................
It's on the right, next to the testing area.

AB Main adm inistration CP C usto m er car park

Prepositions o f direction building PS Paint shop
W M W orksho p and SR Show room
5 Complete the examples. Maintenance block SP Staff car park
a ^ Drive . . . f f o n ? : t h e m ain gate. TA Testing area CC Conference centre and
W S W arehouse and stores training dept.
b - —>~ W alk.......................here.
(G ood Inwards) PB Production building
c | G o .............................................. this road. MG Main gate

d | G o ......................the end of the corridor.

This is the custom er car park, and that's the
e I G o .......................... the stairs - don't use
showroom over there. This way please - we go
* the lift.
down here. That building on the left, a
f __,> • W alk .......................the lift and it's the the m ain gate, is the w arehouse and stores. And
‘—' first door on your left. that's the staff car park b .......................it.
c .......................front of us here is the paint shop.
S Q * Go to the third floor. Come
And this, d .......................the right, is the main
.......................the lift and turn right.
production building. It's this way. The entrance to
h - g W hen you g o .......................the the production building is there, on the right, and
building, you will see a sign in front that building e .......................is the workshops and
of you. m aintenance block. We turn left here. That place
f .......................the m aintenance block is the testing
area. The building on the left, g .......................to the
Prepositions o f place paint shop, is the conference centre. Here's the
6 A m em ber of staff is showing two visitors round entrance. There's a canteen upstairs. Let's have
PAX Ltd. some coffee.'
i Read the text and fill in the prepositions.
ii Make a simple plan and write a text for a visitor
to your company.

20 UNIT 6
UNIT 7
Meeting and welcoming
Some useful phrases Study notes
Listen to the recording and repeat H ow w as your trip?
It w as fine.
Good morning, my name is Bill Smith, See Reference Section 1.1 for examples of the Past tense of to be
welcome to KPG. (was! were).
I would (I'd) like to welcome you to KPG.
H ow do you do?
Good morning Good afternoon This phrase is used in formal introductions. You can answer:
Good evening How do you do? (formal)
How was your trip? or Nice/glad/good/pleased to meet you. (informal)
trip journey flight Compare How do you do? w ith How are you?
How do you do?
It was fine.
How do you do? It's nice to meet you.
Oh, good.
How are you?
It was terrible.
I ’m fine, thanks. How are you?
Oh, dear.
Was the plane on time? N ice to m e e t you, too.
= It is nice to meet you, too.
early late on time
Notice the use of too:
were the arrangements OK?
I'm from France. —► I ’m from France, too.
Yes, they were. No, they were not (weren't).
I speak Spanish. —♦ I speak Spanish, too.
This is Fran Cotton, our PR Manager. Note that in the negative, we use either.
How do you do? I don't speak Chinese. —► I don't speak Chinese either.
Pleased to meet you. I speak a little English.
Nice to meet you. I k n o w a fe w w ords.
Nice to meet you, too. A little is used with things you can't count:
I am (I'm) from France. I'm French. a little sugar a little coffee
I speak a little English. A few is used w ith things you can count:
I know a few words. a few people a few shops
See also Reference Section 13.3.

Meeting and welcoming 21

Practice
Greetings and introductions a few/a little
1 Listen to the people meeting. If it is a greeting, tick / 3 Fill in the gaps with the words in the box.
'Greeting'. If it is an introduction, tick /
'Introduction'. Arabic w ords cars in the car park Chinese phrases
e.g. - Hello, Maria. How are you? coffee dollars / m ilk
- Oh, hi. I'm very well. How are you? people Spanish cash

eg- a b c d e f g h e.g. I have a few .....

Greeting / a She has a little .........................She can pay.
Introduction b Yes, I'd like a cup o f .........................please.
c I speak a little .........................
Nationalities and languages d I learnt a fe w ................... w hen I w ent to Beijing.
e I know a f e w .........................
2 Fill in the gaps in this table. Then write examples. f There is a little .......................in the bottle.
Make sure you can say your nationality and g There were a fe w .........................
language in English. h A fe w .......................w eren't very friendly.

Country Nationality Language

Brazil a ................... Portuguese
Simple exchanges
b ..................... British English 4 Match the responses to the prompts.
China Chinese c .....................

□ □ □ □ □ □ □ a
a Welcome to I<PG.
Egypt Egyptian d .....................
b Do you know any French words?
e ..................... French French
Hungary f .................... Hungarian
c Good m orning.
Japan Japanese d Do you speak Chinese?
g .....................
Russia h ................... Russian e How are you?
i ..................... Spanish Spanish f It's nice to m eet you.
United States j .................... English 8 How do you do?
h How was your trip?
e.g. .id f i t t e r Spe-MS. ?ortiA<giA&£&. i How do you do?
S k e ’s.rf r o VK BrfKifciL.............................. ii It was OK.
iii It's nice to m eet you, too.
iv Thank you.
V Yes, a few.
vi I'm fine, thanks.
vii Good morning.
viii Yes, a little.

22 UNIT 7
Meeting an associate o ff a plane The Past tense o f to be: was/were
5 Fill in the gaps in the dialogue, using the following 6 Read the sentences used on the mobile phone at the
expressions. time. Then change the sentences into w hat was said
in the office two days later.
yes, it was to o hi / w ere journey On a mobile phone at the time:
not dear to late te rrib le
e.g. Are you in New York?

A: Hello, I'm Sandy Atar. a W here are you?

b How are your travel arrangem ents?
B: a .... BJ.......My nam e is Max Trompowski.
c Are you in your hotel?
A: Nice to m eet you. d We aren't in the hotel,
B: Nice to m eet you b ......................... e We are in KPG's offices,
A: How was your c ........................ ? f They are interested in o u r proposals,
g But their purchasing m anager is concerned
B: It was d .........................
about delivery times,
A: Oh e .......................Was the plane f ..................... h Price isn't an issue.
B: g ......................... In the office two days later,
A: h .......................the hotel arrangem ents OK? e g .^o iA m Na-w YprJC?
B: No, I'm afraid i .........................
a ......................................................................................
A: Anyway, welcome j .......................Brussels.
b ......................................................................................
c ......................................................................................
d ......................................................................................
e
f
g
h

Meeting and welcoming 23

UNIT 8
The first two minutes
Some useful phrases
Listen to the recording and repeat
How are you? How is the family?
Fine. Not too bad.
We are (We're) (all) fine.
How is (How's) business?
Is it going well?
It is (It's) going very well.
is this your first visit to the States?
How do you like New York?
I really like it.
it's very interesting.
How long are you here for?
I am (l'm) here for five days.
When are you leaving?
I hear you are (you're) leaving tomorrow
morning.
No, I'm leaving tomorrow evening,
w hat are you doing this afternoon?
I'm meeting our distributor.
Are you doing anything on Monday evening?
Yes, I am. No, I'm not.
It's nice to talk to you.
It's nice to talk to you too.
Have a good stay.
Enjoy your stay.
24 UNIT 8
Study notes
H ow lo n g are you h ere for?
- How long are you staying (here for)?
W hen are you leaving?
Note that the Present Continuous tense is often used for the future
w hen the action is already planned.
See Reference Section 2.2.-
I hear you are leavin g ...
We often use I hear, I understand, I see w hen we already know
about a plan.
7 hear Sara is leaving the company.
I understand we 're leaving at five o 'clock.
... to m o rro w m orning.
The parts of the day: morning, afternoon, evening, night.
Notice these expressions:
This afternoon
Tonight
Tomorrow morning
Monday afternoon
... on M onday even in g.
Listen to the days of the week. Notice these com m on
abbreviations.
Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun
See Reference Section 20.7 for days of the week.
Practice
A chance m eeting in Japan
1 Listen to the dialogue. Are the sentences below true
[Tj or false [~Fl?
a The speakers work in the same team,
b The visitor likes Tokyo very m uch,
c He knows Tokyo well,
d He is in town for two days,
e He is leaving on Tuesday evening,
f The speakers are m eeting again tomorrow.
Present Continuous used for the future
4 Imagine a colleague is asking about your plans.
Write answers to the questions,
□ e.g. W hat are you doing tom orrow ?
□ X.W vjSi.tiHkg'..5pvH,e- C4AsfovK&rs...................
□ a W hat are you doing later today?
□
□ b Are you doing anything tom orrow m orning?
□ c W hat are you doing tom orrow afternoon?

Time references: parts o f the day d Are you doing anything the day after tom orrow ?
2 Write the correct prepositions in the gaps. Note that
in some cases, no preposition is needed. e W hat are you doing this w eekend?
e.g. He is leaving M ad rid ....Tuesday morning.
a She is visiting her d istributor.............. tom orrow f W hat are your plans for next week?
morning.
b They are flying h o m e .............. Saturday
afternoon. understand/hear/believe, etc.
c We are taking the sales team to a restaurant
5 Think of people you work with, and write
.............. this evening.
examples. Use the table as a guide.
d He's going h o m e ................ W ednesday - his flight
i s .............. the m orning. you are leaving in the
hear m orning.
e The design team are w o rk in g ...............tonight -
I you speak Chinese.
the deadline i s ...............tom orrow morning. believe
you know m y boss / my
f W e're m eeting a g a in .......................... the morning. We understand manager.
g The custom er is collecting the sam ples.............. you are visiting Hong Kong
see
this evening. next week.

Days o f the week I kfiAr yrplA tom orrow

3 Write these abbreviations in full.

M on ...................... Fri ......................
Tue ...................... Sat ......................
Wed ...................... Sun ......................
Thu ......................

The first two minutes 25

UNIT 9
Partings and thanks
Some useful phrases Study notes
Listen to the recording and repeat Call m e o n M onday.
We use the imperative form in informal requests.
Many thanks for your help. See Reference Section 5.
Thank you for everything. Give my regards to ...
It is (It's) my pleasure. Not at all. Send me an email/text message.
No problem. You are (You're) welcome.
D o n o t forget to sen d th o se figures.
Call me on Monday. Note the negative imperative.
I will. Don't worry - it's OK.
Do not (Don't) forget to send those figures. Don't tell John.
I (will not) won't. But be careful - the imperative in English can sound impolite.

I will (I'll) email you next week. I w ill e m a il y ou n e x t w e e k .

We use will for promises:
week month year
I'll see you soon.
I'll see you in the spring, I'll call you on Monday.
spring summer
...i n t h e spring.
autumn winter The seasons: spring, summer, autumn, winter.
at Christmas in the New Year Notice also these prepositions:
in January in February in the New Year during Ramadan
We'll see you in February. at Christmas at Carnival Time
Give my regards to your MD. at Easter at Chinese New Year
Say'hello' to your wife. ... in January.
I will. Listen to the m onths of the year. Notice the common
You must visit us again soon. abbreviations. See Reference Section 20.7.
And you must come and see us. Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun
Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
See you soon.
See you. Keep in touch. You m u st visit us ...W e use must in invitations.
Goodbye. Bye. See Reference Section 7.4.

26 UNIT 9
Practice
Goodbyes and thanks Prepositions: months and seasons
1 Listen to the dialogue and tick [/] the examples 3 Fill in the gaps with a preposition, if necessary,
you hear. e.g. I'll ring y o u .... ......... M arch.
W hen are you leaving? □ a I'll call y o u ..................... next September.
Have a good flight. □ b Come and see u s .......................Carnival time.
Thanks for your help. □ c Your next visit will b e .......................Ramadan.
Thank you for everything. □ d You m ust visit u s .........................the spring.
Sec you next week, then. □ e I'll see y o u ......................Easter.
I'll email you next week. □ f I'll write to y o u .................................. March.
Don't forget to call me. □ g I'll see y o u ......................the New Year.
Remember me to your wife. □
Give my regards to your MD. □ Imperatives
Keep in touch. □
Say 'hello' to Maria. □ 4 Sort out the jumbled sentences.
e.g. please/m e/tom orrow /call/m orning
Will in promises (UKtt vk& fpiKorrow y^pr-ni'n^.

2 Make a dialogue from the sentences below. Then, if a let/this/please/know /m e/evening

possible, practise the dialogue with a partner.
b touch/keep/in/please
Visitor H ost
Bye. Thanks - we will.
c again/see/soon/you
I will. You must visit us again
I w on't. soon.
d forget/don't/send/the report/m e/to
And you m ust visit us. You're welcome. Don't
Thank you for forget to call us.
e m e/rem em ber/your/secretary/to
everything. Have a good flight. And
give my regards to your
f you/for/everything/thank
colleagues.
g hom e/journey/good/a/have
e.g. -
_ YoiA V
yplA Ve . Op'n ’f -fo r g e t \ o
^.M
C ,M 1^5.

Partings and thanks 27

UNIT 10
Setting up a meeting
Some useful phrases
Listen to the recording and repeat
What is (What's) the date?
It is (It's) April the 25th.
Are you free today?
How about tomorrow?
Is the morning OK?
Can we meet in the evening?
morning afternoon evening
Can you make Friday?
Can you make the meeting on Friday?
meeting appointment conference
Yes, I can. No, I cannot (can't).
I am (l'm) afraid I can't make it.
I'm afraid I can't make the 26th.
I can't make it till the 27th.
I can't make it till 3.30 on the 27th.
OK, let us (let's) meet on the 27th.
I will (I'll) see you ...
... at four o'clock.
... in the afternoon.
... on Saturday.
... on April the 27th.
That is (That's) fine.
See you then.
28 UNIT 10
Study notes
W hat is th e date?
April 25th - April the twenty-fifth
25th April ~ the twenty-fifth of April
In emails, the -th is often omitted:
25 April 2007
Can w e m e e t in th e even in g?
Sec Reference Section 7.1 for examples of can.
Can you m ak e Friday?
We often use the verb to make w ith arrangem ents:
I can make three o 'clock.
I can 7 make Friday.
Note th at w hen make has an object (the meeting, it, etc.), we use
a preposition:
I can make the meeting at three o 'clock.
She can't make it o n April the 25th.
See Reference Section 17.1 for prepositions of time.
N o, I can n ot.
Notice th at cannot is one word.
... till th e 27th.
till = until. See Reference Section 20.2 for ordinal num bers
(26th, 27th etc).
...t il l 3 .3 0 ...
This is: half past three or three thirty.
See Reference Section 20.6 for telling the time.
... let's ...
We use let's in suggestions.
See Reference Section 18.3.
Practice
Two meetings
1 Listen to the phone calls and complete the inform ation below.

Call 1: Can Carla m ake it? .....

Call 1 Call 2
C all2: Can Mr Galis make it?.
Type of m eeting
Day/Date
Time

Arranging a meeting
2 Read the messages, then num ber them in the correct order,

a □ c □

0 00 In CD a o e In

m. t£ a / to r j____ ; » IS . &
g |
/
f 4 •
L t-'
-v
i___ 1 »
D elete R eply R e p ly A ll F o rw a rd C o m p o se M a ilb o x e s G et M ail D elete R eply R ep ly A ll F o rw a rd C om pose M a ilb o x e s G et M ail

Dear Rudi Dear Stella

The meeting is now at 1.30 on the 22nd in DHK's office in 1.30 on the 22nd is fine. W hat is DHK's Paris address?
Paris. Hope you can make it.
Rudi
Regards, Stella

b □ d □

t) O O In O l 6 0 0 In O

$ fi; m m 7 & czj » M fe l || a fsli

/ H tf' :___ 1 »
D e le te R eply R ep ly A il F o rw a rd C om pose M a ilb o x e s G et M ai! D elete Reply R ep ly A ll F o rw a rd C om pose M a ilb o x e s G et M ai!

Dear Stella Dear Rudi

I'm afraid I can't m ake it. I have a m eeting in Paris in Can you come to a meeting with DHK in our Berlin office at
the m orning. But I'm free in the afternoon. 9.30 tomorrow morning?
Yours, Rudi Regards, Stella

Setting up a meeting 29
Dialogue Now write the following in words.

3 Put this dialogue in the correct order. Then practise j 1 1 -3 0 ...........................................................................

it w ith a partner, if possible. k 6 .1 5 ..............................................................................
1 17 J u n e .......................................................................
Yes, that's fine. / No, I'm sorry, I can't. m 21st M a rc h .................................................................
Are you free on y Can you m ake W ednesday? n 12/9/06 ......................................................................
Thursday? Can you m ake o 25/2/16 ......................................................................
How about Friday? three o'clock? p 1899 ............................................................................
OK. Good. See you then. q 1985 ............................................................................
Yes, that suits me I'm afraid not. ^
very well.
can/can't; use o f make in arrangements
.C rte y*fSY&. W&dw&sdixyr'?
Uo} X vK S o rry jj T .c & ti ! £ ........... 5 Change the sentences as shown,
e.g. I can't make the 23rd.
(lu n ch ) .Q -.Q -.'W :./.'W.'HC-k. o-n fke- 2 .3 rd .

a We can make eleven o'clock.

(the meeting) ............................................................
b Can he make Wednesday?
(the ap p o in tm en t)....................................................
c She can't m ake June.
(the sales conference) ..............................................
d I can't make the morning.
(the a p p o in tm en t)....................................................
Dates and times e They can make tomorrow.
(the breakfast meeting) ...........................................
4 Write the following in figures. f We can't make 4.30 tom orrow afternoon.
e.g. tw enty-third ....2..?)T.4.. (the sales m e e tin g )...................................................
g Can they make 20..?
a the sixteenth of October nineteen (the conference) .......................................................
ninety-nine ............... h He can make the 16th.
b May the third tw'o thousand and nine ............... (the three o'clock m ee tin g )....................................
c six twenty-five ...............
d seven thirty-five ...............
e eleven o'clock ...............
f sixteen hundred ...............
g two thousand and ten ...............
h nineteen sixty-eight ...............
i ninetieth ...............

30 UNIT 10
UNIT 11
Confirming arrangements
Some useful phrases Study notes
Listen to the recording and repeat I am calling to confirm ...
= I am calling in order to con firm.
I am (I'm) calling about our arrangement. Here, to - in order to.
I'm calling to confirm Tuesday's meeting,
... Tuesday's m eetin g .
calling phoning writing
Compare:
meeting arrangement plan
Canyon come to the meeting on Tuesday?
Can I check the day? Can you come to Tuesday's meeting?
the day the time Sec Reference Section 7.1.
the place the details
... 9am or 9pm ?
Can I check the details? am - ante meridien (Latin) = before 12.00/noon.
Go ahead. pm - post meridien (Latin) = after 12.00/noon.
Is it at 9am or 9pm?
A re you still OK for M onday?
It is (It's) at 9am. D o you k n o w w h e n it is yet?
Is that right? Yet norm ally stands at the end of the sentence.
Yes, that is (that's) right. Still normally stands before the main verb [meet).
Are you still OK for Monday? Are we still meeting for lunch?
We are (We're) meeting for lunch. But after the verb to be.
Is that still OK? I am still on the phone.
See Reference Section 18.4.
Do you know when it is (yet)?
Do you know where it is (yet)? D o you k n o w w h e n ...?
Do you know if you can make it (yet)? D o you k n o w w h ere ...?
Could you let me know? D o y ou k n o w if ...?
Compare these examples:
Thanks for reminding me. When is it?
Do you know when it is?
Can you make it?
Do you know if you can make it?
See Reference Section 14.

Confirming arrangements 31
Practice
Confirming time and place Dialogue
1 Listen to the recording and complete and/or correct 3 Fill in the gaps in the dialogue using the words in
the schedule. the box.

M eetin gs Tim e R oom ahead check c o n firm «/ details

know make Paul’s right
Tuesday's m eeting 11.00
10.00/11.00 317 still w eek’s ten
W ednesday's m eeting

A: I'm calling to a this b .......................

Embedded/indirect questions
2 Change these questions, using the verb in brackets
as shown.
e.g. W here is the m eeting?
Do
Cft-H ^jp-U fe-M wte- wkere- f k e .
C-ti-14 I cb&cjc wke-re.
a W hat time is it? (know)
b Is the m eeting going ahead? (tell)
m anagem ent m eeting. Can you c ..................... it?
B: I'm not sure. Can I d .........................the
e ........................ ?
A: Of course. Go f .........................
B: It's in g .....................office. Is that h ..................... ?
is ? .........
A: Yes, that's right.
is?
B: And it's at i .........................?
!r?^. .!.-??......... A: No, it isn't. It's at eleven. Is that j .........................
OK?
B: I don't know at the m om ent.
A: Could you let me k .........................?
B: Yes, of course.

c W hat day is it? (check)

still/yet
d Is it on M onday or Tuesday? (knowr) 4 Write the questions using still or yet.

Meetings Time Place

e W ho is coming? (tell) Monday's a 9am b Room 503/509
meeting
f Is it in Room 407? (check) W ednesday's c ..................... d Conference room
m eeting
Thursday's e 2.00/3.00 f .....................
g How m any people are coming? (know)
m eeting
Friday's g 12.00 h Boardroom
h Can you make it? (know) meeting
Saturday's i 7pm j .....................
meeting

32 UNIT 11
 Is. i.-n^;.S.tiM..Q-.t. fry*-.? Yesterday's conversation,
Do ."WH4. K ^ W .i£ .j.t.’.S.m .Ropwt
Tuesday's meeting, etc.
503 or..509..^f.?.................................................. 5 Fill in the gaps in the table, then write examples of
your own.
.P.°. wfarZIA. ’
s
The conversation = ........ Y ..
.VkG-zt.iWff..i$../tt&£.?.........................
yesterday c.O'HVersA.'f"ion
d a .................................. = Tuesday's m eeting
e The conference in July = b .............................
f = Tomorrow's
appointm ent
g
The arrangem ents for = d .............................
h Saturday
i e ............ = 2010's plans

to/in order to
6 Write examples, using the table. Then, think of your work: w hat are you doing and why?

e.g. .1. ABC fp /i^yi Ord&r f o P /u f. !.1*^ •

I am calling ABC to have a coffee.

I am flying to Japan in order to tell him the new room num ber.
He is writing to Maria Bush check the address.
She is emailing John visit a customer.
We are going to Mario's thank her for lunch.
They are going to their website find out the time of the meeting.

Confirming arrangements 33
UNIT 12
Changing plans
Some useful phrases Study notes
Listen to the recording and repeat ... w e w ill h ave to ch an ge th e room .
See Reference Section 3.4 for examples of the Future tense
l am (I'm) afraid, we will (we'll) have to ... w ith will.
... change the room.
... earlier/later
... start earlier.
These are comparatives forms:
earlier later
early - earlier
Can we change the time of the meeting? late - later
Can we change it to next week? See Reference Section 15.2.
this week next week
Why? B ecau se ...
this month next month Why - asking for the reason.
Why? What is (what's) the problem? Because-giving the reason.
Why do you want to change it?
W hy d on 't w e ...?
Because the conference room is booked, This is a way of making suggestions.
booked reserved occupied Why don't we change the room?
Can we have the meeting in your office?
I h ave to m e e t ...
Why don't (do not) we meet in the afternoon? Notice that have+ infinitive (to meet) expresses obligation.
Will the room be free by two o'clock? I have to work on Saturday morning.
I will (I'll) find out. I don't have to speak English in my job.
I cannot (can't) make it then. ... let's m ee t at 7.30.
I have to meet a client. This is another w'ay of making suggestions.
I will not (won't) be back by two. Let's change the time.
Will you be back before six? Let's change the room.
before six after seven
Yes, I will. No, I won't.
OK, let us (let's) meet at 7.30.

34 UNIT 12
I Practice
w hy a n d b ecau se have to
1 Listen and m atch the questions (a-d) with the 3 Write true sentences about you and your company
explanations (i-iv). using have to.
D ialogu e 1 e.g. My secretary/speak English/in job.
a W hy can't they m eet on the 16th? □ £ & c r e - _ f . d . o & s i A . ’f kMe- f o spfi-flJC
b W hy are they m eeting after three o'clock
i_.sk m. k & r^J o b ..................................
on the 18th? EH
a I/read French at work.
D ialogu e 2
c Why will they have to change the time of
b My colleagues/write faxes in Arabic.
next m onth's finance meeting?
d Why don't they m eet in her office? EH
c My boss/use English on the phone.
i Because all the m eeting rooms are booked.
ii Because the conference room w on't be d The sales reps/speak Russian with customers.
free till then.
iii Because the sales director will be in e I/w rite reports in English.
the States.
iv Because six people are coming to the f My secretary/understand instructions in
meeting. Spanish.

Wi II/Wi 11 n o t § I/speak to visitors in English.

2 Write questions using the table. Then answer the

questions.

Will your colleagues check our security passes?

your m anager be away next week?
the m eeting room be free this evening?
your assistant be in the office tom orrow?
your family be back by 6pm?
Reception be at work on Saturday?
you be in Tokyo next Monday?

e.g............................................. WiM ,yr01Arb e - jif i/yvrfc oia

SfofiArdtWt?

Changing plans 35
Dialogue d Your colleagues have to speak English on the
phone.
4 Fill in the gaps in the dialogue using the words and
phrases in the box.

e Your assistant has to be in the office tomorrow.

after lunch back booked find o u t free
at six o'clock then th e problem w e ’ll / w hy d o n ’t w e

A: I'm afraid a ...we,££... have to change the time f He can change the appointm ent to Friday.
of Tuesday's meeting.
B: Why, w hat's b .........................?
A: The conference room is c ...........................
B: Can we have the m eeting d .......................... in
the afternoon?
Suggestions
A: I'll be in Brussels e ........................... 6 The meetings below have problems (a -f). Make
B: Will you be back f .........................? suggestions that will solve the problems.
A: No, I w on't. I w on't be g .........................till
Wednesday morning. S u g g estio n s
B: h .........................m eet at ten o'clock on Let’s ... W h y d on ’t w e ... W e c o u ld ...
W ednesday? Could w e ... H o w a b o u t... W h a t a b o u t...
A: OK.
B: Will the conference room be i ......................... e.g. Jack can't make the m eeting at 3.1 5.
then?
(4.15) .........
A: I don't know. Can you j .........................?
B: Yes, OK. a Room 203 is occupied.
(Room 204) .........................................................
b I have to see some customers in the morning.
Questions and short answers (m eet/afternoon) ...............................................
c Three people are away on Tuesday.
5 Write the questions. Then write short answers.
(Wednesday) ........................................................
e.g. You'll be back from lunch by 12.30. d The room is too small for 15 people.
\AJi£f y o u be Jbac-K. £row, lu w a k b y .12.2.0?.... (change r o o m ).....................................................
y.fi-.-S;. I .wi 11.. /.. N.°j..X . .’. t ................................ e Harry has to leave at 12.30.
(begin earlier) ......................................................
a You'll be hom e by 5.00.
f Their train doesn't arrive till 11.30.
(start later) ...........................................................
b You have to speak English in your job.

c We can change the time to three o'clock.

36 UNIT 12
UNIT 13
Dealing with the
Some useful phrases Study notes
Listen to the recording and repeat Could w e p o s t p o n e ...?
Could is often used in requests.
I am (I'm) calling about the meeting. See Reference Section 7.1.
Could we postpone it?
... p u t it off.
I'm calling to ask if we could put it off.
Notice: put off - postpone
postpone put off
call off - cancel
cancel call off
You can say:
Why? What is (What's) the problem? Could we put off the meeting?
What's wrong? or Could we put the meeting off?
There is (There's) a security alert. or Could we put it off?
The airport is closed. but not Could we put off it?
See Reference Section 7.1.
There's a crash. The motorway is blocked.
Our system is down. We cannot (can't) access ... I'm n o t going to m a k e it.
the files. See Reference Section 3.3 for examples of going to + infinitive
Three members of the team are down with (to make) used for the future.
a virus. I can't m ak e it either.
My plane is delayed. We h ave a problem too.
I'm afraid I'm not going to make it. either/too = this is also true for me.
I'm sorry to hear that. either:
When do you think you can deliver? I can't make it.
When do you think you can make it? I can't make it either.
I don't like delays.
Could we postpone the meeting till Wednesday?
I don't like delays either.
I think we have to cancel it.
too:
I'm sorry about this.
We have a problem.
That's OK. Don't worry. We have a problem too.
I can't make it either. I'm stuck in traffic.
We have a problem too. I'm stuck in traffic too.
I will (i'll) call you when I get back to my office. (Stuck is the past of stick - it is an irregular verb.)
See Reference Section 18.11 and 18.12.

Deaiingwith the unexpected 37

Practice
Cancelling/postponing call off/put Off
1 Listen and m atch the arrangem ents w ith the 3 Rewrite these examples using put off or call off.
reasons for cancelling or postponing.
e.g. Are you going to cancel the m eeting?
a Tuesday's m eeting □ A re _fo_c.ciJo-f-f f k e vueef m ^ ?
b W ednesday's appointm ent □
or A re to ;fk e w teef jVng-. ?
c Thursday's m eeting □
a Could we postpone it?
d Friday's conference call □
i security alert b I can't postpone Tuesday's appointm ent.
ii IT problems
iii illness (flu) c He will have to cancel it.

iv job not finished

d They can postpone it, if they want,

too/either e You don't have to cancel the conference.

2 Reply to the examples using too or either.
f Will they postpone the arrangem ent?
e.g. W e're not ready.
We- V e - n o f e - ifk e - r .......... g She w on't postpone Friday's conference.

a I'm not well,

b I don't like meetings, Dialogue: unexpected problem

4 Fill in the gaps in the dialogue using the words and
c I have a cold, phrases in the box.

d W e're very busy, about y dow n everything going to how about

problem postpone put it o ff so rry suits sorry
e I can't m ake M onday's meeting,
A: I'm calling a ... k k o w f.... 0ur lunch date.
B: Is b ......................OK?
f I have a virus,
A: No, I'm afraid not. Could we c ......................?
B: W hat's the d ..................... ?
g I w on't be back by Friday, A: I'm afraid I'm not e ......................make it. Two
members of my team are f ............... with a virus.
h That suits me. B: I'm g ....................to hear that.
A: Thanks. I'm calling to ask if we could
h ......................it till next week.
B: No problem. W hen do you think you can
make it?

38 UNIT 13
 A: i ......................this time next week? Intentions and plans - going to
B: Yes, that's fine.
6 Write examples from your work.
A: I'm j ......................about this.
B: Don't worry. Next week k ........................ me a Q uestions
better. W hat are you going to do?
A: Thanks - see you next week. W hen are they going to deliver?

could in requests
5 Match the requests (a-g) with the explanations
(i-vii). b S ta tem en ts
a Could we postpone the m eeting ? 0 I'm going to be away next week.
b Could we cancel the conference call? □ Pedro is going to call you wTien he gets to
c Could we get a lift w ith you? □ the office.
d Could I use your phone? □
e Could I book a m eeting room, please? □
f Could you move your chair, please? □
g Could you open the window, please? n
c N egatives
i It is very hot in here.
I'm afraid I'm not going to make the meeting.
ii The JKW team are coming at 11.30. Eva isn't going to be back in the office till
iii We have an IT problem. Tuesday.
iv I'm stuck in traffic.
V I can't see the screen.
vi My mobile isn't working.
vii There are no taxis.

Dealing with the unexpected 39

UNIT 14
Explaining and apologising
Some useful phrases Study notes
Listen to the recording and repeat ...I forgot our a p p o in t m e n t ...
Forget is an irregular verb - the Past tense is forgot.
lam (I'm) sorry... See Reference Section 19 for a list of com m on irregular verbs,
...I'm late. e.g. have —* had |
... I forgot our appointment yesterday. come —►came -:
...I missed the meeting. take —►took $
I apologise for missing the meeting. see —►saw
What happened? ... I m issed th e m eetin g .
I had to see a client. Miss is a regular verb - the Past tense is missed.
I had to finish some work. Most regular verbs take -d or -ed in the Past tense,
I had to take my wife to the doctor, e.g. want —►wanted
husband wife phone —►phoned
son daughter like —►liked
See also Reference Sections 2.1 and 2.5.
What is (What's) wrong with her?
She is not (isn't) well. I had to see a clien t.
She has a cold. I had to fin ish so m e w ork.
have + infinitive [to seeI to finish) expresses obligation. Had is the
cold cough sore throat
Past tense.
Did you miss the plane?
Did you have a problem with the train? ... to ta k e m y w ife to th e doctor.
Some family members:
Did the meeting finish late?
husband/wife son/daughter father/mother
Did you lose the address?
uncle/aunt grandfather/grandmother
Yes, I did. No, I did not (didn't).
She h as a cold.
I wanted to phone, but I didn't have your
Some com m on ailments:
number in my address book.
a cough/a cold a sore throat/a headache a virus/flu
in my mobile in my address book
Notice th at we say:
your number your contact details
I have a cough/cold
Don't worry. That is (That's) OK. but I have fin (not a flu)
Practice
Explanations and apologies Dialogue
1 Listen to the conversations. M ark the statements 3 Fill in the gaps in the dialogue using these words.
true [T] or false [T].
did did you didn’t
She missed the m eeting because she
didn’t have had happened
didn't have the address. EH
forget w anted missed /
11 She forgot about the meeting. J
iii There was a problem with a delivery. EH A: I'm sorry, I a ....JUkiss^d... the meeting.
She forgot the conference call because B: Did you b ......................?
she has a bad cough. EH A: No, I c ........................
11 She had to take her son to the doctor. EH B: W hat d ......................?
iii She had to take her son to the hospital. EZ3 A: I e ........................ to finish some work.
He didn't contact Mr Zarh because he B: f ................................................ finish it?
was very busy. EH
A: Yes, I g .........................I h ....................... to phone
li He didn't have the contact details. EH you, but I i ......................your num ber in my
iii He had to take someone to the airport. EH address book.

The Past tense Family members and common ailments

2 Fill in the gaps - affirmative (+) or negative (-). 4 Write examples using the table.
e.g. + The m eeting finished late. e.g..M'g-..k ^ s im W k?LS a .bcud yiriAs., I kad. fo
- T k e VK.e:e'.f i.'Hg. did-n ]f. i.-w5k iVf'e-. tM Z hiY* fp. f.h £ doc.for.
a + He lost the phone num ber.
My husband / wife has a (bad) cough.
b + ........................................................................... son / daughter a (bad) cold.
father / m other a (bad) sore throat.
- She didn't w ant to phone,
brother / sister a (bad) headache.
c + They forgot the meeting. uncle / aunt a (bad) virus.
grandfather / (bad) flu.
d + ......................................................... grandm other (bad) toothache.
- We didn't miss the appointm ent,
e + He tried to call. I had to take him to the doctor.
her to the dentist.
to the hospital.
f +........................................
- 1 didn't have to see a client,
g + We took a client to the airport.

Explaining and apologising 41

UNIT 15
Making contact by phone
Some useful phrases Study notes
Listen to the recording and repeat Is it p o ssib le to sp eak to ...?
We can also say:
Is it possible to speak to Mr Semler? Could/Can I speak to ...?
Can I have extension 123, please? I would like to speak to ...
Could you put me through to Anna Choi, please?
Could you p u t m e th rou gh to ...?
Just a moment, please. Hold on, please.
Put through = connect
One moment, please. Notice the word order
You are (You're) through now.
Put someone through to John.
Who is (Who's) calling, please?
you extension 101.
Can I have your name, please?
me
Yes, this is John Brown from CTG.
How do you spell that? H old on , please.
Brown. That is (that's) B-R-O-W-N. Hold on - wait
Could you repeat that, please?
Yes, th is is Joh n B row n ...
Is that Mr Semler? Is th a t Mr Sem ler?
Speaking. Notice the use of this/that in telephoning.
This is Ed Roza from BRAC. This is John = Iam John (generally not used on the phone).
Good morning, Mr Roza. Is that Mr Kay? - Are you Mr Kay? (generally not used on
Thank you for calling. the phone).
I am (I'm) calling about the meeting. H ow do you sp ell that?
It is (It's) about the review meeting. See Unit 2 for the pronunciation of the alphabet in English.
Hello, is that Peter? See Reference Section 20.4 for telephone alphabets.
No, this is Hans. Speaking.
Hello, Hans. It's John here. Note this reply to the question: Is that Mr Semler?
Hello, John. We can also say:
What can I do for you? Mr Semler speaking.
This is Mr Semler.
It's Joh n here.
It's John here. = I am John (generally not used on the phone).

42 UNIT 15
Practice
Getting through Dialogue
1 i Listen to the phone calls. How do speakers begin 3 Complete the gaps using the words and phrases in
the calls? the box.
a ..................................... in the accounts
departm ent, please? is that this is it’s about through
b ..................................... Bernard Lutz's fine can I do can I speak / one m om ent
secretary, please? how are help you
c ..................................... the sales departm ent?
d ..................................... the legal departm ent, A: a .... ................................. to Mr Badman please?
please? B: b , please. You're
ii Now listen to the calls again. W hat is the last c .......................... now.
sentence? A: Hello, d ....... .................. Mr Badman?
a One m om ent, please, C: e ................... ...... Jon Gratz.
A: Hello, Jon. f ...........................you?
b Hold on, please, C: g ................... ...... , thanks. W hat
h ................... for you?
c No, this is the HR departm ent, A: Well, i .......... ............... the Ugandan business.
C: Right. How can I j .......................... ?
d Just a m om ent, please.
Is it possible...?
4 Write examples using the information in the table.
Using a spelling alphabet
2 Read the American telephone alphabet. Then Is it possible to p u t me through to Mr
practise spelling your nam e and the nam e of your Is it possible for you Smith?
company using a telephone alphabet. Is it possible for me to speak to someone in
e.g. This is Ben Ozikis - that's B for Baker, E for Sales?
Is it possible for us
Easy, N for Nan, etc. (Or: that's B Baker, E Easy, to call again in the
Is it possible for your
N Nan, etc.) m orning?
assistant
THE AMERICAN ALPHABET to give him /her a message?
A for Able J for Jig S for Sugar to give me his/her mobile
B for Baker I< for King T for Tare num ber?
C for Charlie L for Love U for Uncle to have your direct
D for Dog M for Mike V for Victor num ber?
E for Easy N for Nan w for William to email the report?
F for Fox 0 for Oboe X for X-ray to hold on?
G for George P for Peter Y for Yoke to m eet later?
H for How Q for Queen z for Zebra
I for Item R for Roger e.g. Is it possible to put me through to Mr Smith?

Making contact by phone 43

UNIT 16
Dealing with incoming calls
ft

Some useful phrases Study notes

Listen to the recording and repeat
Who is (who's) calling?
It is (It's) Ted Black.
Can I speak to Mrs Martinez, please?
I am (I'm) afraid she is (she's) away from her
desk at the moment.
She's at lunch.
She will (She'll) be away until Tuesday.
She'll be away for a week.
You are (You're) through to the wrong
extension.
You need extension 417.
Hold on, I will (I'll) transfer you.
Can you call back later?
Can he call you back later?
Can I take a message?
No, thank you. I'll call back.
I'm sorry, I cannot (can't) talk now.
I'm with a customer.
I'm driving.
Could you call back ...
... at 3.15 (a quarter past three)?
... at 3.30 (half past three)?
... at 3.45 (a quarter to four)?
Do you have my mobile number?
I'm on extension 3456.
W ho is calling?
Here who is the subject of the sentence.
But in Who did you speak to? who is the object of the sentence.
See Reference Section 14.1 for wh- questions.
... sh e is a w a y from her d esk ...
Notice the prepositions:
He/She is at lunch.
He/She is in a meeting.
He/She is on holiday.
He/She is out of the office.
He/She is on the phone.
She w ill b e aw ay u n til Tuesday.
- She will be back in the office on Tuesday.
She '11 be away for a week.
= She will be away for a period of a week.
Note that u n til-till
See Reference Sections 3.4 and 18.6.
... at 3.15 ...
You can say three fifteen or a quarter past three.
See Reference Section 20.6 for telling the time.
... m y m o b ile num ber?
Notice also:
my direct number
our main number
our fax number
my extension number

44 UNIT 16
Practice
Dealing with calls for and until/till
1 Listen and m atch the caller's questions with 3 Write examples using the inform ation in the table.
Sarah's replies.
I will be away from m y/his/ fo r...
a Good m orning, can I speak to Brenda, He her desk u n til...
please? She out of the office till...
b Can I speak to Mrs Opres, please? □ Mary on holiday
c Do you have her email address? □ John at lunch
d W hen do you expect him back? □ etc. in a meeting
e Could you transfer me? □ w on't be back at m y/his/her desk
f Do you know w'hen she'll be free? □ back in the office
g Do you know how I can contact Jane? □ back from holiday
h Hello, is Dave there? □ back from lunch
out of the m eeting
i At about 3.30.
ii I'm sorry, but I'm in a m eeting at the m om ent. e.g. I will be away from my desk for tw enty minutes.
Could you possibly call back in about half an I w on't be back at my desk until 4.30.
hour?
iii No, I'm afraid he's out with some customers.
iv I'm sorry, I don't know w hen the meeting's
Who
going to finish. Can I ask her to call you? 4 Make questions beginning w ith Who ...?
v I think you are through to the wrong
Who is the subject of the sentence,
extension.
vi She's out of the office today. Do you have her e.g. Someone is calling.
mobile num ber? .....W ko i ?
vii I'm afraid she's in a m eeting at the m om ent. a Someone is dealing with this.
viii It's jane.c@lrc.com
W ho ........................................................................... ?
b Someone took this message from AIT.
W ho ........................................................................... ?
Times c Someone spoke to you w hen you called?
2 Write these times in words. W ho ........................................................................... ?

e.g. 5.55 Ojr.fiiv&fp sjX Who is the object of the sentence,

e.g. She is talking to someone.
a 6 .0 0 .......................................................................
...... W ko is ske-. i f o ? ................................
b 7 .1 5 .......................................................................
c 8 .3 0 ....................................................................... d You are calling someone.
d 9 .4 5 ....................................................................... W ho ............................................................................?
e 10.25 .................................................................... e You w ant to speak to someone.
f 1 1 .4 0 .................................................................... W h o ............................................................................?
g 1 2 .5 0 .................................................................... f She spoke to someone w hen she called.
W ho ............................................................................?

Dealing with incoming calls 45

UNIT 17
Leaving and taking messages
Some useful phrases
Listen to the recording and repeat
Can I leave a message?
Could you say (that) Mrs Gitto phoned?
Yes, of course. I will (i'll) tell him.
Mr Sato is not (isn't) here at the moment.
Can I take a message?
Could you tell him (that) Mr Gibril called?
Could you say (that) Mr Gibril rang?
Please tell him (that) I rang.
Please tell him (that) the price is $550.
195 euros 4000 yen
786 million dollars 235 billion yuan
Did you get that?
Yes, I did. No, I did not (didn't).
No, I am (I'm) sorry. I didn't catch that.
Could you say that again, please?
Could you ask her to call me back before five?
Could you tell him to bring the report?
Study notes
Could y o u say (that) Mrs G itto p h o n ed ?
Could y o u te ll h im (that) Mr Gibril called?
Notice these examples of say and tell:
Could you say (that) I will call again later.
Could you tell her (that) I will call again later.
Here say and tell introduce inform ation.
Notice that 'that' can be omitted.
See Reference Section 18.2 for m ore on say and WIT.
... th e price is $550.
See Reference Section 20.10 for notes on money.
195 euros
Notice these numbers:
195 = a hundred and ninty-five
4,000 = four thousand
786m = seven hundred and eighty-six million
235bn = two hundred and thirty-five billion
See also Reference Section 20.10.
D id you get th at?
= Did you hear that?

I sent her an email. I d id n 't catch th at.

an email a text = I didn't hear that.

I wanted to check she received it. C ould y o u say th a t again ...?

Notice these examples of say:
Say'hello'to John. Say'goodbye'to Mary. Say something!
Could y o u ask her to call m e ...?
Could y o u te ll h im to bring th e report?
Notice these examples of ask and tell:
Please ask her to come in.
Please tell him to come in.
Here ask and tell are instructions.
See also Reference Section 18.2.

46 UNIT 17
Practice
Telephone messages Currencies
1 Listen to the phone calls and fill in the message pad. 2 Match the currencies to the countries.
Call 1 a I n d ia --------------- i yuan
b South Africa -- --------- ii rupee
PHONE MESSGE c Japan iii rouble
d Thailand iv rand
Message fo r e Brazil V yen
C aller’s nam e f Russia vi euro
C om p a n y g United States vii dollar
Phone n u m b e r h China viii baht
i United Arab Emirates ix real
Please ring back □ Will call again D
R eturn y o u r call O U rg e n t □ j Poland X dirham

M e ssa g e ..............................................................

say, tell, ask

D ate I 1 T im e Taken by I____ -1
3 Complete the sentences (a-h), using the endings
(i-viii).
a Could you tell i/v/vii
Call 2 b Please ask
c Please say
PHONE MESSGE d Could you say
e Can I give
Message fo r .........................................................
f Please thank
C aller’s nam e .........................................................
C om p a n y ......................................................... g Please tell
Phone n u m b e r ......................................................... h Could you ask

Please ring back □ W ill call again D i him to bring the reports
R eturn y o u r call □ U rg e n t D ii that again.
iii I rang.
M essa ge ......................................................................
iv that Maria called.
v her to call me.
vi him for everything.
D ate 1------------ 1 T im e . .1 Taken by vii him I called.
viii him a message?

Leaving and taking messages 47

Dialogue Writing numbers in full
4 Put this dialogue in the right order. Then, if possible, 6 Write the figures and symbols in words.
practise with a partner. e.g. €655 ..SiX.a W . £ i .&1Arqs
a Don Roger, that's R-O-G-E-R. a SARI 5,000 ................................................................
b Hello. Is that Petra? b $845 ............................................................................
c ¥167m ........................................................................
c Can I take a message?
d 75bn R u b ....................................................................
d She's at lunch at the m om ent.
e £ 1 6 m ...........................................................................
e Yes, please.
f Chinese ¥1386 ..........................................................
f I'll tell her. g $8.5 m ..........................................................................
g Sorry, I didn't catch your nam e. h € 3 2 5 ,0 0 0 ....................................................................
h Could you tell her that Don Roger called?
i No, I'm afraid it isn't.

j Thank you, Mr Roger.

Answer: ...I?.;..!

Some language points

5 Choose the most suitable word to complete the
sentences.
e.g. Please.....P......her the price will be $450.
a say b tell c ask
1 Could I ......................a message for Rosa?
a leave b make c say
2 I 'll ......................the message to her.
a give b write c tell
3 She isn't a t ......................at the m om ent.
a here b out c her desk
4 The price is $335. ( ...................... )
a three thirty-five dollars
b three hundred thirty-five dollars
c three hundred and thirty-five dollars
5 Could y o u ........................that Mrs Dagmar called.
a ask b say c tell
6 I'll b e ..........................extension 09872 until 4.15.
a in b on c at

48 UNIT 17
UNIT 18
Email and telephone problems
Some useful phrases
Listen to the recording and repeat
I am (I'm) sorry I cannot (can't) hear you.
it is (It's) a bad line.
You are (You're) breaking up.
My battery is low.
I will (i'll) call you on a land line.
I can't access my voicemail.
Could you repeat that, please?
Could you speak up, please?
Can I put you on hold?
Yes, of course. Certainly.
I could not (couldn't) get through.
I tried to call you at about nine.
Your extension was on voicemail,
at about nine at around ten
just before eleven just after twelve
I can't logon.
My email bounced back.
Can I check your address?
It's not in my inbox.
Can you resend it, please?
Why don't you check your password?
Our phone was out of order.
We had problems with our system ...
... all morning.
... all day.
Study notes
You are breaking up.
= Your voice is unclear.
I w ill call you on a land line.
Notice the use of prepositions:
Can I put you on hold?
It's not in my inbox.
I can'tget through to John.
I cou ld n o t get through.
Could is the Past tense of can.
See also Reference Section 7.1.
I tried to call you ...
Tried is the Past tense of try. Notice the construction after try.
I will try to do it. I tried to tell them b u t ...
... at ab ou t n in e
... at around ten
Notice also these ways of giving approxim ate times:
between 9 and 10 all morning Iall day
just before!after 11 for about two hours
See Reference Section 20.6 for telling the time.
... ju st b efo re/... ju st after
here just = a short time
just before = a short time before
just after = a short time after
I can't log on.
= I can't connect with the network/the Internet.
My em ail b ou n ced back.
= it was returned.
Email and telephone problems 49
Practice
Problems Dialogue
1 Listen to the dialogues a-g and write down the 3 Fill in the gaps in the dialogues with the
email and telephone problems. missing words.
a ..te r.h&t.t.&cyj.. > . S . ........................................ D ialogue 1
A: Hello, can I speak ..tf?.... Mr Kamen, please?
b ............................................................................... B: Hello, is that Ms Sookia?
c .............................................................................. A: Sorry, I can't hear you. Could you speak
a .................. ?
d ...............................................................................
B: You're breaking b .................... I'll call you
e ............................................................................... c ....................
A: W hat?
f ..............................................................................
B: I'll call you back!
g ............................................................................... A: Thanks. I'm d .................. my mobile. Do you
have the num ber?
B: Yes, it's on the display here.
Exchanges D ialogu e 2
2 Complete the exchanges by matching a -h with B: Can you hear me now?
l-Vlll. A: Yes, that's m uch better, thank you. I tried to call
you earlier, but I couldn't get e .................... Your
a Is that TK Holdings? [mj
b Can you hear me? □ line was f .................. voicemail.
B: W hen did you call?
c I can't access my emails; I can't get into
the system, □ A: Just g .................. lunch.

d I sent you an email but it bounced back, □ B: Yes, I was in a meeting. Can I put you
h .................. hold for a m om ent? I'm going to
e We can't open the attachm ent, □ transfer this call i .................. my office.
f W hen did you try to call me? □
g Our phone was out of order all morning. □ try + infinitive
h Did you get my email. □ 4 7 tried to is a comm on way of introducing a
i No, you're breaking up. problem. Match the examples (a-h) w ith some
ii I'll send it again in a different format. possible responses (i-viii).
iii No, I'm afraid you've got the wrong number.
a I tried to call you but I couldn't get
iv There's nothing from you in my inbox.
through. 0
v Just before eleven. You were on voicemail.
b I tried to call your mobile but it w ent
vi I know, I couldn't get through.
straight to voicemail, □
vii
viii
Are you using the right password?
Have you got my new address?
c I tried to email you but it bounced back, □
d I tried to open the attachm ent but I
couldn't. □

50 UNIT 18
 e I tried to log on but I had the wrong Making contact
password. □ 6 Use the words in the box to complete the examples
f I tried to uses a payphone but it was out
below.
of order. LH
g I tried to get into the system but I couldn't, d l
access deleted dial en ter forw ard
h I tried to access my voicemails but I g e t/ missed open press
couldn't. EH
i Did you call th e Help Desk? e.g. Did you ......... my voicemail?
ii Is there som ething wrong with your phone?
iii I had to call IT support. a You need t o .....................your password.
iv Yes it was switched off - 1 was in a meeting. b We c a n 't........................................... the attachm ent.
v Was it in a special program m e? c To return the call,..................... the hash key.
vi Did you try m y direct num ber? d I tried t o ...........................your website from my
vii Yes, we had problems with the system. mobile.
viii Didn't you have your mobile with you?
e You don't need t o ..................... the n u m b e r-ju s t
press star and then 1.
f Sorry I .......................your call. Call me back w hen
Approximate times you are free.
5 Rewrite the sentences using an approxim ate time, g Could you send the message again. I .....................
e.g. I tried to call you (from 9.00 till 5.00 it by mistake.
yesterday). h Could y o u .......................the email to the rest of
I frie-d .to VjOM.odl d o ..... the team, please?
a I emailed you (at 2.57).
............................................................................ 3.00.
b Your phone was engaged (from 8.30am till
12.30am).
..................................................................... morning.
c I'll send you a fax (between 11.50 and 12.10).
.......................................................................midday.
d Did you try to call me (between 8.55 and 9.05)?
........................................................................... 9.00?
e Could you call me (at 3.03)?
........................................................................... 3.00?
f Our email was out of order (from 9.00 till 5.00).
.............................................................................. day.
g She was online for (between 28 and 33
minutes).
...............................................................half an hour.

Email and telephone problems 51

UNIT 19
Drinks and snacks
Some useful phrases Study notes
Listen to the recording and repeat C offee or tea?
Notice this use of short questions. More examples include:
What can I get you? Black? White? Some more coffee? Another cup?
What would you like to have?
H ow d o y o u lik e it?
to have to drink to have to eat
Here this m eans How do you want it?
Coffee or tea?
How do you like your tea? —►With milk, please, but no sugar.
Do you take milk?
But the question can also m ean Do you like it?
Would you like a cup of coffee? How do you like your job? —*■ Very much.
How do you like it? How do you like it here? —►It's great!
Black? White? Milk? Cream? W hose c o ffe e is this?
Do you take sugar? Questions w ith whose have two possible forms.
Whose coffee is this? Whose is this coffee?
Whose coffee is this?
They are both used and they m ean the same.
Is that your coffee?
I think that one is (one's) mine. I th in k th a t o n e is m in e.
This one's yours. Use one tones in place of a noun (or noun phrase).
This coffee is mine, that coffee is yours.
Can I get you anything else?
This coffee is mine, that one is yours.
Is there any more coffee?
These keys are mine, those keys are yours.
No, I'm afraid there is not (isn't). These keys are mine, those ones are yours.
Some more coffee? No, thanks. See also Reference Section 12.1.
Another cup? Yes, please.
...i s m in e
Try one of these. Notice the possessive pronouns:
Thank you. Singular mine Plural ours
a sandwich a biscuit a cake yours yours
It is (It's) very good. his/hers theirs
It's delicious. its theirs
Whose is this? —►It's mine.
Can I get you a n yth in g else?
We can also say:
Can I get you something else?
See also Reference Sections 13.1 for some I any and 13.2 for
something / anything.

52 UNIT 19
Practice
Offering drinks and snacks e I left m y sandw iches......................... yesterday.
f Did you see th e m ............................?
1 Listen to the recording and write the replies, g Did you te ll..........................about the contract?
a - Did you have anything to eat on the plane? h No, I didn't te ll...........................
- ...M?.;.X j l A s h & 1 A p . .of;..k c rfrfW ....... i W ell,......................... knows about it.
j Did you tell I a n .........................about your plans?
Well, let me get you something. W hat about
k No, I didn't tell h im ............................
some sandwiches?
1 Can I get y o u ............................ else?
b - So, how do you like your coffee?

- Cream? Milk?
Vocabulary
3 Label the objects using the words in the box. Then
And then sandwiches. I think these m ust be write a sentence using each one.
cheese. These ones are egg, and these are ham.
a jug a fo rk a plate a serviette
c - A nother cup? a te a p o t a spoon a roll a knife S
a coffee p o t a sandwich a cup a mug
- And you m ust try some of this.
- W hat is it?
- ....................................................................... Try it.
- Mmm. It's delicious.
d - The two black coffees are for Jope and Pieter.
- Thanks.
- W ho is having the w hite coffee? A.K.'-ri.’-P1
£ .... b

With sugar.
Sugar is on the table.
Thanks.
And w ho is the tea for?

- That's right. So, whose is this one?

something/anything
2 Fill in the gaps in the sentences using the words in
the box.
s o m e th in g ^ anything som eone anyone
som ebody anybody som ewhere anywhere

e.g. I have to tell you.

a Don't te ll........................... will you? vk& i C 'O 'ultd I kAVfrA ?.
b I promise I w on 't te ll...........................
c Are you g o in g ..........................at the w eekend?
d No, I'm not planning to g o ...........................
Drinks and snacks 53
Possessive pronouns one/ones
4 Complete the answers with a possessive pronoun. 5 Write one or ones in the gaps.
e.g. Is that Rosa's bicycle? e.g. This spoon is dirty. Here's a c le a n ..... ...............
I don't think it's her bicycle. It i s n 't.... a Which biscuits would you like?
a Whose pencil is this? The chocolate.......................... please.
It's my pencil. I t's ........................... b Would you like a coffee?
b Is this Mary's briefcase? Yes, a sm all.........................please.
No, it's Anna's briefcase. I t's ........................... c Did you eat all the sandwiches?
c Is that your car? No, I left the c h e ese ...........................
No, it belongs to the company. I t's ...................... d W7hose is the coffee?
d Are these your coffees? I don't know - th is .........................is mine.
Yes, they are. T h e y 're ........................... e These are ham rolls - t h e .........................on the
e Are these sandwiches for them ? left are tuna fish w ith salad,
Yes, these sandwiches a r e ........................... f Are those people in your team?
f Whose pen is this? Is it Peter Blake's? No, they are in Purchasing. T h e .........................
No, it is n 't...........................It's mine. over there are all in my team,
g Which is your m anager?
She's t h e .........................near the door.

W hose...?
6 Write the questions, following the examples. Notice that there are tw o possible forms.

Whose coffee Wktfse- C.O'p-fW ijs "h/vis? W hose coffee \aJ(a.o.sg- i.£ "fU-us

Whose drinks ......................................................... ? Whose d r in k s ............................................................. 7

W hose sandw iches................................................ ? Whose sandw iches.................................................... 7

W hose roll ............................................................... 7 Whose r o ll................................................................... 7

Whose c h a n g e ......................................................... ? Whose change ...........................................................

Whose p a p e rs ......................................................... ? Whose p a p e rs............................................................. 7

Whose security p a s s .............................................. ? Whose security p a s s .................................................. 7

Whose k e y s ............................................................. ? Whose k e y s ................................................................. 7

54 UNIT 19
UNIT 20
Eating out
Some useful phrases
Listen to the recording and repeat
Do you like fish?
fish steak chicken vegetarian food
I do not (don't) like steak very much.
I know a very good Chinese restaurant.
Indian Thai French Indonesian
Would you like to go there this evening?
Excuse me, can we have the menu, please?
Could you tell me what this is?
What do you recommend?
I will (I'll) have the beef,
the beef the pork
the veal the salmon
And we would (we'd) like a bottle of house red.
Enjoy your meal!
Cheers!
This food is cold.
I did not (didn't) order this.
I am (I'm) sorry, I'll change it.
Can I have the bill please?
Does the bill include service?
It includes tax at M \p e r cent, but not service.
The starter was better than the main course.
better worse cheaper more expensive
The dessert was not (wasn't) as good as the
main course.
Study notes
vegetarian food
You can also say: French food, Indian food, etc.
E xcuse m e ...
Note that we use Excuse me ... to attract attention.
I w ill h ave th e beef.
the beef - the beef dish on the m enu.
Compare this with: 7don't like beef,
beef (without the) - beef in general.
Note also: steak, chicken, veal, lamb.
See Reference Section 9.2 for uses of the.
... a b o ttle of h o u se red.
Other quantity expressions include:
a glass of wine a litre of wine a cup of coffee
house red is the standard red wine offered by a restaurant.
See the Reference Section 10.2 for details of countable and
uncountable nouns.
Enjoy your m eal! / Cheers!
These expressions are often used before eating and drinking.
... l l \ per c e n t ...
= seventeen and a half per cent. (% = per cent)
The starter ...
Notice the nam es of the courses:
starter/first course, main course, dessert/pudding.
... b etter than ...
The comparative forms of adjectives
Regular adjectives: cheap - cheaper; expensive - more expensive
Irregular adjectives: good - better; bad - worse
See also Reference Section 15.2.
... w as n o t as good as ...
= worse than
Eating out 55
Practice
Booking a table and ordering a meal ii Now rew rite the comparisons using as ... as.

1 Listen to the recording. e.g.... Ike-. s e -ry 'tC-e- w fKStft . .p is .g'p o d ..............
i Fill in the table booking. ....als X .eXpec-f & d ............................................
ii Fill in w hat the diners order. a .....................................................................................
b ................................................................................
N am e:.......................... ... D ate:................................ c ...............................................................................
d .........................................................................................
N um ber:..................... ... T im e:...............................
e ................................................................................
Tel:............................... f ................................................................................
g ...................................................................
h ...............................................................................
Starters:
Quantity phrases
Main courses: 3 Complete the phrases using words from the box.
bottle box bunch can cup
glass / litre packet piece tin
Wine:
e.g. A ..... of water.
a A .................... of coffee.
b A .................... of cake.
Comparatives c A ..................... of coke.
d A ...................... ofw ine.
2 i Fill in the gaps with a comparative adjective. e A ..................... of chocolates.
f A ..................... of petrol.
com fortable fast cheap g A ..................... of flowers.
tid y bad / small h A ..................... of biscuits.
good interesting expensive
Vocabulary
e.g. The service w a s ......................th an I expected. 4 Identify the odd w ord out in these groups.
a Their production departm ent i s ........... than ours. e.g. pork, beef, veal, chicken ......
b He is a ..................... typist than she is. a knife, plate, fork, spoon ........................
c Business class tickets a r e ......................th an Apex. b prawns, crab, sausages, trout ........................
d This seat i s .....................than that one. c potato, tom ato, cucumber, ........................
e My assistant's desk is m u c h ................. than m ine. lettuce
f The local wines a r e ............than im ported wines. d duck, chicken, beef, turkey ........................
g His presentation w a s .....................than the one e juice, beer, wine, brandy
he gave last year, f starter, m ain course, dessert, tip ........................
h - How about the Mayfair Restaurant? g cooked, boiled, french fries, ........................
- No, let's go to the Adelphi; the food is m uch m ashed
h cabbage, broccoli, green b e a n s,........................
m ushroom s
56 UNIT 20
 UNIT 21
Outings and sightseein
[ Some useful phrases
Listen to the recording and repeat
Have you been here before?
Yes, I have. No, I have not (haven't).
Have you ever been to Athens?
I haven't been there for many years.
I haven't been there since 2002.
Do you have any free time this afternoon?
Would you like to go for a drive round the city?
the city the village the area
Thanks. I would (I'd) enjoy that.
This is the most interesting part of town.
That building is more than 300 years old.
It is (It's) the oldest building in the town,
oldest most beautiful most unusual
That is (That's) the new leisure centre,
leisure centre town hall
church shopping centre
It's the most modern building here.
I have (I've) got some tickets for the opera,
the opera the cinema
the theatre a football match
Would you like to come?
Study notes
H ave y ou b een h ere before?
Compare the Present Perfect tense ...
Have you ever been to Athens?
Yes, I have. / No, I haven't.
... with the Simple Past tense
When did you go to Athens?
I went last year.
See also Reference Sections 2.5 and 2.7.
H ave you ever b een to A th en s?
been to = visited
... for m any years.
... sin ce 2002.
Compare:
I have been in this office since June.
I have been in this office for six months.
See also Reference Section 18.5.
W ould you lik e to go for a drive ...?
Notice also:
Would you like to go for a walk/a run?
... th e m o st in terestin g ...
... th e o l d e s t ...
most interesting is the superlative form of interesting,
oldest is the superlative form of old.
See Reference Section 15.2 for superlative adjectives.
Outings and sightsee:ng 57
Practice
A visit to Riga The Present Perfect tense
1 Listen to the recording and answ er the questions, 3 Write examples using the table.
a Has the visitor been to Riga before?
He (John) has
She (Mary) has not (hasn't)
b Have things changed? It
been to ...
seen ...
c Has he spent any tim e in the other Baltic States?
worked in ...
I have visited ...
d Does he have any free time this afternoon? We have not (haven't) read ...
You
They (John
e W hat are they going to do? and Mary)
Has he (John)
f W hen is she going to pick the visitor up? she (Mary) been to ...?
it seen ...?
Have I worked in ...?
we visited ...?
Superlatives you read ...?
2 Write superlatives (best, worst, etc.) and then they (John and Mary)
complete the sentences with inform ation about
your company. e.g. I have not been to Athens.
Have you seen the new brochure?
e.g. Our V?r... (expensive) product is

a O u r ............................................(cheap) product is since and for

4 Complete the examples by adding since or for.
b O u r.......................................... (good) custom er is
c O u r.......................................... (bad) com petitor is
d O u r.......................................... (old) supplier is
e O u r.......................................... (big) m arket is
a I have been in this office ............................... June.
b They have been in R ig a........................three days.
c She has been in E sto n ia .......................we opened
the office there.
d I haven't been to the Baltic S ta te s ................... two
years.
e He has been in the m e e tin g ........................10.30.
f I h aven't visited our office in Moscow ..................
last year.
g I haven't been to the th e a tr e ......................... years.
h He has worked in Lithuania ..........................2004.

58 UNIT 21
UNIT 22
Starting a journey
Some useful phrases
Listen to the recording and repeat
Excuse me, which platform do l need
for Avignon?
is this the right platform for Avignon?
You need platform six.
Where can I check in?
Is this the right check-in for Tokyo?
Where is the check-in desk?
Can I see your ticket, please?
Can I see your passport, please?
Can I have an aisle seat?
an aisle seat a window seat
This is your boarding card.
I am (I'm) flying to Los Angeles.
Do I need to clear customs in Dallas?
No, you can clear customs in Los Angeles.
How many pieces of luggage do you have?
Just two pieces.
Is that your hand luggage?
Did you pack your cases yourself?
I think you are (you're) in the wrong seat.
This seat isA5.
I'm sorry.
No problem.
Study notes
... th e right p latform for A vignon?
Compare:
the right platform the wrong seat
W here can I ch eck in?
You can also say: Where is the check-in fo r ...?
The verb is to check in. The noun is a check-in.
... your t i c k e t ...
Check you also know' this vocabulary:
a return ticket a passport a boarding card
... an a isle seat
... a w in d o w seat
You could also ask for a seat:
with leg room near the exit
D o I n eed to clear cu stom s ...?
Notice the verb after need is in the infinitive (to clear).
Notice also that we clear customs.
H ow m any p ieces o f luggage ...?
We say many because pieces are countable.
Compare this with: How much luggage ...?
W'e say much because luggage is uncountable.
See also Reference Section 13.3.
D id you pack your cases yourself?
yourself is a reflexive pronoun. Here it emphasises that you and
nobody else packed the cases.
See also Reference Section 11.3.
Starting a journey 59
Practice
Right and wrong 0 0 0 ln
1 Listen to the recording. Are the speakers in the right :B : (is a / & c i »
place? W here are they? D e le te R eply R eply A ll F o rw a rd C o m p o se M a ilb o x e s G et M all

a - Is she in the right queue for the Dallas flight?
- No, she's in the queue f o r ....................................
b - Is she at the right bus stop for the city
term inal?
- No, she's a t .............................................................
c - Is he on the right platform for the London
train?
- No, he's o n .............................................................
d - Is he in the right place to m eet someone
arriving from Istanbul?
- No..............................................................................
Subject: Meeting point
Hello Ravi
I'll m eet you at the inform ation desk in the departure
hall. W hen you come in the main entrance, you'll see
some check-in desks on your left and two car rental
offices on your right. The first one is Hertz and the
second one is Avis. Next to Avis, there is a travel
insurance office. Walk past this office and turn right.
You'll see the inform ation desk in front of you. I'll see
you there.
Regards
Taka

Arranging a meeting point

2 Read the email and label the plan of the airport
how much vs. how many
departure hall.
3 Complete the examples. '
Bank Post Office
DEPARTURE
e.g. We need some money.
LO U N G E How do ^piA ,-n ^ d ? .....
£500.
a - We need some m ore time.

- About two days,

b - We need to buy some envelopes.

- About 500.
M A IN c - I need to know more.
EN TR AN CE
D e p a r tu r e Hall
- I need to know everything.

60 UNIT 22
 d - I need to find a porter for my luggage. VOCdbuldry
I've got three suitcases and a box. 5 Write examples using one word from each box.
e - I w ant some stamps. e.g.......! W e ! (w e . W .M

- Let m e check. d e p a r tu r e / gate hand boarding air

^ j need some files. departure luggage flight inform ation seat

- Two or three.
g - TI need, some paper. luggage belt tim e / attendant label
desk ticket hall / num ber pass/card

- A couple of sheets.

Short responses
to need (to) , ., u . ...
6 Match a -h with the responses l-v m .
Write sentences using need. a How m any spare —^ i Not at the m om ent.
e.g. I/not/your passport num ber/your credit card seats are there?
num ber b Do you need your Ii Which one do we
X dow }t 'ne-e-d yrOiAr p a s s p o rt 'H'Mncber. coat? need?
X -ne-&d |joiAr c.r&dif c,{\rd -n1AvKb&r. c How m uch luggage iii Yes, I did.
have you got?
a I/not/find/arrivals hall/departures hall d Did you pack your — iv Not many.
bags yourself?
e This is the wrong v Just two pieces.
b She/not/a drink/som e food
gate.
f Am I in your way? vi No, that's OK.
c I/not/speak to M ario/Helena g I think you're in vii An aisle seat, please
m y seat.
h Would you like a viii I'm sorry.
d W e/not/stop over in Sao Paulo/Buenos Aires window seat or an
aisle seat?

e You/not/go to/G ate 13/Gate 14

f I/not/check in hand luggage/suitcase

g W e/not/know the gate num ber/departure time

h H e/not/see your ticket/boarding card

Starting a journey 61
UNIT 23
Travelling
Some useful phrases Study notes
Listen to the recording and repeat W hat tim e d o w e g et in to H ong K ong?
Notice the use of get here. We could say:
What time do we get into Hong Kong? What time do we arrive in Hong Kong?
We are (We're) due in at five.
... g et in to H ong K ong?
We expect to land in twenty minutes.
Notice these prepositions:
Are we on time?
We 're due in at five.
When do you serve lunch? We expect to land in twenty minutes.
in three-quarters of an hour. Are we on time?
in a quarter of an hour in half an hour ... d u e in a t ...
in fifteen minutes in thirty minutes We 're due in at five - We 're due to arrive at five.
Is there a bus service to the centre? We e x p e c t to land in tw e n ty m in u tes.
Where can I catch the bus? We can use the Simple Present tense for timetables
There is (There's) a bus stop outside the and arrangem ents.
terminal. When does the train leave? It leaves at two o 'clock.
Just follow the signs. Does the conference start tomorrow? Yes, it does. / No, it doesn't.
How much is the fare? See also Reference Section 2.1.
Have you got this month's magazine? In th ree-quarters o f an hour.
Have you got today's newspaper? Look at these periods of time:
I am (I'm) sorry we have not (haven't). quarter of an hour half an hour
I will (I'll) try and find one for you. an hour and a quarter an hour and three-quarters
a day and a half a week and a half
Can I have a fruit juice, please?
a year and a half
How much is that?
It is (it's) three dollars. H ave you g o t ...?
Thank you. Have you got ...Pis com m on in UK English.
Do you have ... ? is m ore comm on in US English.
See also Reference Section 14.1.
... th is m on th 's m agazine?
Note use of '5 in these examples:
today's paper
last year's figures
Tuesday's meeting
See also Reference Section 10.4.

62 UNIT 23
Practice
In transit Periods o f time
1 Write a conversation betw een two passengers on a 3 Read the statements and write down how late or
plane, using the phrases in the two boxes. Then early the travellers are going to be.
listen, and compare. e.g. We're due in at 5.00, but we expect to be in at
e.g. A: I think that's my seat belt. 5.30.
B: I'm sorry. This one m ust be mine. We- Ve- ( g o \ t o .be-..(a.0.1£ (A-n.W ow / ........
P a s s e n g e rA P a sse n g e r B SO y^iwlAt&S e- ..........................................
A re you going to O slo on A nd do you know w hen w e
a W e're due to arrive at 5.00, but we expect to be
business? are due in?
there at 5.15.
Have you been before? D o you know w hen they
H o w do you like it? serve lunch?
b According to the tim etable we should be there at
1think th a t’s my seat belt. / G ood. I’m very hungry.
5.00, but we expect to land at 5.10.
1think w e re due in at I’m sorry.This one must be
7.30, in five hours. m in e ./
c It says here w e're due in at 4.00, but I don't think
Q u ite soon, 1think. Very much. W h a t about you?
we'll be there till 5.30.
So am 1. Yes, 1am. I’m going to a
Yes, 1love Norway. conference.
d The plane is delayed. It's now due in at 3.30, not
Yes, many times.
1.30 as in the timetable.

e Flying conditions are excellent. Our estimated

The Simple Present for the future time of arrival is eight o'clock, not 8.30.
2 Write sentences using the verbs in the box. Use each
verb once only.
Possessive -s
open leave finish change
arrive start end close / 4 Write questions using the prompts.
e.g. . w M .got to d o i^’s . yi&wsp a ce rs?
e.g. Their offices..................................^9.$$:............at 6.00. (today/French/new spapers)
a The conference.................................on Tuesday. a .......................................................................................
(yesterday/Japanese/newspapers)
b The b a n k ........................ in half an hour.
b .......................................................................................
c The flight from D u b ai.................................at 3.30.
(this week/tim etable)
d The m ee tin g .................................at 5.30.
c .......................................................................................
e The next tra in ................................in ten m inutes. (tom orrow/flight times)
f The tim etable.................................on Saturday. d .......................................................................................
g W e .................................production next week. (Tuesday/copy of The Times)
e .......................................................................................
(last week/sales figures)

Travelling 63
UNIT 24
Arriving and meeting contacts
Some useful phrases Study notes
Listen to the recording and repeat We w ere g ettin g w orried .
getting = becoming
Hello, it is (it's) good to see you again.
H ow w a s th e w e a th e r ...?
Did you have a good journey?
Talking about the weather:
Yes, very good, thanks.
It was (very) hot/cold. It was (very) wet/dry.
How was the journey? It was win dy/foggy/sunny. It was raining/snowing.
it was not (wasn't) very good. The sun was shining.
The flight was delayed.
It w as 20° (tw en ty degrees)
The plane was late.
Talking about the tem perature:
We were getting worried about you. It was 20°C (twenty degrees centigrade/Celsius).
How was the weather when you left? It was 70°F (seventy degrees Fahrenheit).
It was beautiful. Fahrenheit is the standard tem perature m easure in the USA.
very nice terrible awful 0°C = 32°F
It was 20° (twenty degrees). It w as sn o w in g .
It was snowing. Note the examples of the Past Continuous tense:
The sun was shining, The sun was shining. Was it raining when you left?
was it raining when you left? Were you getting worried?
Yes, it was. No, it wasn't. Yes, we were. / No, we were not (weren 't).
See also Reference Section 2.6.
My car is just over there.
Can l take your luggage? Shall w e ... ?
Shall is often used for suggestions:
Shall we go through your programme?
Shall I call you tomorrow? Shall we have a coffee?
programme timetable
itinerary schedule ... go th rou gh ...
We had to make some changes. = read/look at/consider
Your first appointment is now at ten o'clock. ... your program m e?
That suits me. This is UK English. US English = program
That su its m e.
= That fits my plans.

64 UNIT 24
Practice
Meeting someone at the airport b

1 Listen to the dialogue and m ark the statem ents true

c
T l or false [p] or unclear [lA].
a Jane Riga and Ed Meeks have m et before. □ d
b Ed Meeks had a good flight. n
c The flight was delayed because of the e
w eather conditions. □
f
d They are going to have dinner in the hotel. □
e Jane Riga's car is in the car park. □ g

Past Continuous tense h

2 Complete the dialogue. Use verbs in the Past

Continuous tense (I was doing, etc.).
A: W hat a ........................(do) w hen I called this Weather vocabulary
m orning? I couldn't get through.
4 Think about the w eather - now, w hen you were
B: I b ........................(have) a m eeting with some
abroad, in your key markets, etc. Then write true
people from our New York sales office. They
statem ents using the words in the box.
c ........................(tell) me about business in the
States.
rain / sunny/ cold foggy
A: Interesting. I heard you were in New York last
snow freezing sun w a rm
week. W hat d ........................(do) there?
fog clou dy w in d y hot
B: I e ........................(visit) a new customer. It was
an interesting trip.
A: W hat was the w'eather like? e.g......X ..fk'.H-K. ).1 ^j9). ..t?.. ..........
B: It was terrible. It f ........................(rain) w hen I
arrived, and it g ........................(snow) w hen I
left! The tem perature was only 3°C. a
b
c
Past Continuous vs. Simple Past d
Make sentences using the Past Continuous (I was e
doing) or the Simple Past (Idid). All the sentences f
should refer to the visit to the Australian agent in
the example. g
h
e.g. I/visit/our Australian agent last week.
X viS.itzd.oiAr Ai
He/live/in a first class hotel.

Arriving and meeting contacts 65

shall fo r s u g g e s t io n s U p d a tin g a p r o g r a m m e

5 Write the responses using shall. 6 Read the dialogue and update the program me.

have a d rin k / go h o m e o pe n th e w in d o w
Programme: Thursday
upgrade th e m take th e lift call th e w aitress
buy o ne take a ta x i have a cup o f coffee 09.00 V is it t o D M B (s u p p lie rs )
12.00 L u n ch w ith T o d Sm all (p ro d u c tio n m a na ge r)
e.g. I'm thirsty. 14.00 V is it t o R e e f L a b o ra to rie s
S fo jJ tl. iA .m . fs. .die. i.'hk.?................................. 20.00 D in n e r a t th e R am ada H o te l
a It's getting late.

b I need some fresh air. A: Your first appointm ent is at 8.30, not nine
o'clock. The production m anager at DMB has to
c I need a break. leave at half past, so we changed your
appointm ent.
d We need a new dictionary for the office. B: Yes, that's fine. Am I still having lunch with him?
W hat's his nam e?
e It's raining. A: Tod Small. No, he's cancelled. Tod's very busy at
the m om ent but he's joining us for dinner, and
f These PCs are very old. dinner will be at the Olympic Hotel, not the
Ramada. It's at eight, as in your programme.
g I'm ready to order. B: OK, so I'm free at lunch time today. W hat about
the visit to Reef Laboratories?
h I don't w ant to walk up the stairs. A: That's now at three o'clock.
B: That suits me better.

66 UNIT 24
UNIT 25
Gifts and saying thank you
Some useful phrases
Listen to the recording and repeat
Many thanks for showing me round.
It is (It's) my pleasure.
You are (you're) welcome.
I enjoyed it very much.
So did I.
I am (I'm) afraid I did not (didn't) enjoy it
(very much).
Neither did I.
Thank y o u ...
... for everything.
...fo r looking after us.
w e had a very good time.
Please pass on my thanks.
Say 'thank you' to Mary.
Thank you for coming.
We enjoyed having you.
We hope you will come and visit us again.
We look forward to seeing you again soon.
Please accept this gift from all of us.
I hope you like it.
This is for you.
It's wonderful. Thank you.
Thank you very much indeed.
It's very kind of you.
What a surprise!
A
Study notes
M any th an k s for sh o w in g m e round.
W hen a verb {show) stands after a preposition (for), the verb
is in the -ing form:
Thank you for coming. We look forward to seeing you again.
They are good at organising meetings.
So did I.
You can also say: I did too.
Ways of agreeing include:
I enjoyed the visit. —►So did 1.11 did too.
I like Paris. —►So do I. i I do too.
We are going back tomorrow. —►So are we. / We are too.
See also Reference Section 18.11.
N eith er did I.
You can also say: Nor do I or I didn't either.
Ways of agreeing include:
I didn't enjoy the visit. —►Neither did I. / Nor did 1.11 didn't either.
1 don't like business trips. —►Neither do I. / Nor do 1.11 don't either.
They aren't enjoying it. —►Neither are we. / Nor are we. / We aren't either.
See also Reference Section 18.12.
We en joyed having you.
- having you here/you being here.
Notice that the verb that follows verbs like to enjoy, to love, to hate,
to like, to dislike is often in the -ing form.
I like arranging trips for our visitors.
I love organising people.
I hate writing reports.
Thank you very m u ch in d eed .
We use indeed to add emphasis.
Gifts and saying thank you 67
Practice
Gifts and thanks so/neither (nor)
1 Complete the dialogues, then compare w hat you 2 Respond to the statem ents with So ... or Neither .
have w ritten w ith the recording. N o r....

D ialogu e 1: G iving gifts e.g. I play a lot of golf. .....

A: a ..................................... a I often give pens as presents...............................
B: Thank you very m uch. It's beautiful, but can I b I spend a lot of tim e in London..........................
ask w hat it is? c I've never been to India. .......................
A: Yes, of course. It's a corkscrew. d I don't like flying. .......................
B: It's very unusual, b .....................................And e I hate saying goodbye. .......................
now there's som ething I would like to give you. f I'm going to retire next year...............................
g I usually drive to work. .......................
D ialogu e 2: A fter a sports e v e n t
h I don't often have lunch o u t..............................
A: That was a great m atch, c ...................................it.
B: So did I. You m ust tell me w hen you're coming
next time and I'll get some m ore tickets.
A: Thanks, I'll d ...................................to that. Short responses
B: Can I give you a lift back to your hotel?
A: Thanks. 3 M atch the statem ents with the responses.
a We don't do m uch business in the States. m
D ialogu e 3: A rriving at a party
b Thank you for organising everything. □
A: Come in. Thank you for coming.
c We had a very good time. □
B: Well, thank you for e .....................................These
d Everything w ent very well. □
are for you. I hope you like Belgian chocolates.
e I really enjoyed the trip to Versace. □
A: I love them . Thank you very m uch,
f I've never been there before. □
f ...................................your coat.
B: Thank you. g Please accept this from us all. □
h Can I open it? □
D ialogu e 4: A fter a d in n er party
Please pass on m y thanks. □
A: Thank you very m uch for g ...................................
this evening. I've really enjoyed it. J I don't like goodbyes. □
B: It was our pleasure. i Nor have I.
A: And next time you are in Birmingham, you m ust ii It did.
come and have dinner w ith us. iii Yes, of course.
B: Thank you. we'll h ...................................to that. iv Neither do I.
v Not at all.
vi I will.
vii We don't either.
viii Thank you very m uch.
ix So did we.
x I did too.

68 UNIT 25
Verb + -ing Thanks for hospitality
4 Write examples using the inform ation in the table. 6 Use the verbs in the box to complete this email
message. Then think about hospitality you have
e.g. .ff.PM .£or skew i ._1AS r o ito id ........
received and write a similar message.
X worj<i wi -fk ....
appreciated felt know loo king
M|j;. b o s s .kaf;e-s. worJ< e-. ........................
m ade m eet see send
.M'ft a s s i s t i s . . ^ - o o d . a f dejilj.-ng............ th a n k S was w e re w o rk

wi'f'k s.

Thank you for showing us round, e o e In CD

xMany thanks for looking after us. .
i ..... p k
© B j H . / 1___ j »
I/We (really) enjoyed m eeting your team, D e le ie R eply R ep ly A ll F o rw a rd C om pose M a ilb o x e s G et M ail
I/We (very m uch) appreciated working w ith you.
I/We look forward to having your input, subject: Visit to Rome
seeing you again,
Dear Dimitri
taking us to the airport,
organising everything,
you f o r ..................... after us w hen we
your kindness and ..................... in Rome. We very m u c h ......................
hospitality. your kindness and hospitality.
My boss like/loves/hates working late,
I ..................... w e ...................... good progress. It
My boss doesn't like doing the filing,
..................... good t o .......................your team, and to
My assistant likes/loves/hates writing reports,
..................... how th in g s.......................at your end. Let
My assistant doesn't like dealing with emails, m e ..................... how ULK respond. I w ill.......................
My boss is (not) good at/bad at dealing with people, you a copy of my report w hen it is ready.
My assistant is good at/bad at organising meetings,
travelling on business, Again m any thanks.
filling in expense claims,
planning and organising. Best regards
Ivana

Thanks for a gift

5 Organise these sentences into a thank you message.
Dear
Kind regards.
subject: Thanks
Please say 'hello' to Mary.
Thank you for the w onderful gift.
We hope you had a good flight back.
I very m uch enjoyed having you here.
We look forward to seeing you again soon.
It was greatly appreciated by everyone at this end.
Please don't forget to send us the new specification.
It was useful to have your input - particularly to the
MXD project.

Gifts and saying thank you 69

UNIT 26
Checking facilities and information
Some useful phrases
Listen to the recording and repeat
Can I use your phone?
Is there a phone I can use?
a fax machine a scanner
a computer a projector
What kind of system have you got?
Could I borrow a video recorder?
an extension lead a flipchart
Which one can I use?
Could you lend me your pen?
pen hole punch stapler
Yes, of course.
Sorry, I need it at the moment.
Is there a room free?
Is there a room available?
Is there a room I could use?
Is there a place I could work?
have a meeting do some copying
Could you do something for me?
Could you do some typing for me?
Could you do it for me?
Could you have a look at my computer?
There is (There's) something wrong with it.
Study notes
projector
= a digital projector (beamer)
Some office equipm ent:
a printer a copier a shredder
W hat k in d o f sy stem ... ?
Notice you can use:
What system have you got? What have you got?
What kind of system do you have? What sort of system do you have?
See also Reference Section 14.1.
Could I borrow ... ?
Note the difference betw een lend and borrow.
Could I borrow your pen? (I borrow it from you.)
Could you lend me €.10? (you lend the m oney to me.)
W hich o n e can I ... ?
Notice we can say:
Which can I use? Which phone can I use? Which one can I use?
See also Reference Section 14.1.
Is th e re a room free?
= Is there a room that is free?
Is there a room available?
= Is there a room that is available?
Could y o u h a v e a lo o k ...?
Have a look = look
T here is so m e th in g w ron g w ith ...
Notice the preposition with:
There is something wrong with this printer.
What is wrong with the projector?

70 UNIT 26
Practice
Asking about facilities Requests
1 Listen to different people asking about facilities and 3 Write questions with could, using the prompts.
equipm ent. Indicate with a tick / which facilities
e.g. (type/this/m e)
are available now, which are available later and
C o u ld W M S . 1fo r vk&? ....................
w hich are not available.
(send/'ihis fax/M ehmet)
Available Available Not Could yr01A s&yid t ki s £ vl)( f.o . ?
now later available
Conference phone a (call/Boris/me)
IT Support
Meeting room b (deliver/sam ple/Anna)
Copying
Use of a stapler c (give this/Igor/m e)
Staff security pass
d (do something/M ax)

which, what, etc. e (check the facilities/us)

2 Complete the dialogue with which, what or who.
A = Sales Account M anager f (do some photocopying/the Service Manager)
B = Office M anager
g (talk to/Jane/m e)
A: Can I borrow one of the beamers for my
presentation on Tuesday?
h (get some coffee/the visitors)
B: Yes, that's no problem, a .........................time is the
presentation?
A: It's at three o'clock.
B: b ......................room are you going to be in?
A: I haven't booked it yet. c ......................rooms are
free?
Facilities
B: d ..................... kind of presentation is it? 4 Write the requests using the words in the box.
e ......................are you giving it to?
A: I'm giving it to a small group from Whyco c o p ie r / fax m achine ro o m
Chemicals. s o m e w h e re vid e o cam era beam er
B: Rooms 7 or 8 are free, f ..........................would you s om e on e
prefer?
A: I'll use 7. By the way, there's something wrong e.g. I need to do some photocopying.
with my laptop. Could someone have a look at it?
.......... .................................................... i could use.
B: g ............. ....... kind of laptop have you got?
A: It's an IBIS. a I need to do some typing.
B: h ......................................model is it? .................................................. I could ask for help?
A: The 9000. b I need to talk to some visitors.
B: And i ......................is wrong with it? .................................................................I could use?

Checking facilities and information 71

 c I need to record a sales presentation. OM: I'll check if there's a m achine available.
..........................................................I could borrow ? PTL: And we'll need a beamer.
d I need to send a fax. OM: Let me check that. I'll get back to you.
.................................................................I could use? PTL: OK. And we will need the basics of course -
e I need some background information. staplers, hole punch, scissors ...
........................................................... I could log on? OiVL: They're no problem.
f I need to show these photographs. PTL: Oh, we'll need a conference phone.
.................................................................I could use? OM: OK - I'll see if one is available.
PTL: And w'e'll need a shredder.
borrow and lend
Project
5 Complete the sentences w ith borrow, lend or use. You
tea m lead er
Sometimes there is m ore than one possibility.
The basics
a Could I .......................some things for this
Calculator
afternoon?
Hole punch
b Could y o u .......................me some things for the
M ouse m at
afternoon?
Scissors
c Is there a photocopier I c o u ld .......................?
Staplers
d Can I .......................your pen?
Post-it holder
e You c a n ......................... my car if you like.
Sticky tape holder
f I need t o .............................a laptop for my
presentation. O ther e q u ip m en t
g I 'll................... you mine, but please bring it back. Beam er/Projector
h If y o u ...................... my hole punch, please give it Conference phone
back to me. Copier
Desktop com puter
Flipchart
Office equipment Fax m achine
6 A project team leader (PTL) is setting up an office for Laptop docking station
a new project. She is talking to the office m anager Printer
(OM). Scanner
i Read the dialogue and tick / the equipm ent the Screen
project team leader asks for. Shredder
ii Think of one of your projects. Tick the Video camera
equipm ent you had. W hiteboard

OM: How m any desktop com puters do you need?

PTL: Four - and they need to be netw orked to the
system.
OM: That's no problem.
PTL: And we will need copying and printing
facilities in the room.
OM: OK. Do you need fax facilities?
PTL: Yes, we do.

72 UNIT 26
 UNIT 27
Shopping
I Some useful phrases
Listen to the recording and repeat
Can you help me?
I am (I'm) looking for a present...
... for my wife.
...fo r my husband.
... for a six year-old child.
My son is six years old.
Have you got any ideas?
I like this. How much is it?
How much are the shirts?
They are (They're) $55 each.
Do you have any in a size 42?
What is (What's) that in a European size?
Have you got any in blue?
Can I try it on?
It fits me. It suits me.
It does not (doesn't) fit me.
Have you got a bigger size?
This one might be better.
That one may fit better.
I will (I'll) take it.
How would you like to pay?
Can I pay by credit card?
Do you accept American Express?
Sign here, please.
Could you wrap it for me, please?
Study notes
... a six year-old child.
You can say:
My child is six years old - 1 have a six year-old child.
He is 35 years old = He is a 35 year-old man.
Our baby is three months old. - We have a three month-old baby.
Sometimes words that often stand together are hyphenated
(joined by a short line). Usually the hyphen can be omitted,
e.g. a six year-old child or a six year old child.
T hey are $55 each.
See Reference Section 20.10 for currencies.
D o you h ave any in size 42?
You can say:
What is that in a European size?
What is that in an American size?
See Reference Section 20.17 for clothing sizes.
Can I try it on?
You can say:
Can I try this jacket on?
Can I try on this jacket?
Can I try it on?
You can't say:
Can I try on it?
This o n e m ig h t be better.
That o n e m ay fit better.
You can use may and might to talk about possibility.
It is going to rain, (we are sure)
It may rain, (we are not sure)
See also Reference Section 7.2.
Can I pay by cred it card?
We can also pay:
in cash in dollars by (travellers) cheque
Shopping 73
Practice
Buying presents Shopping and payment
1 Listen to the recording. Then m atch the children 3 Choose the right words from the box to fill the gaps.
with the presents and the prices.
suit tr y size fitting room receipt
a Five year-old son c A T-shirt e 320 roubles accept fit pay / sale sign

b Eight year-old d A toy car f 150 roubles

daughter e.g. Can I ..... P - f f ......by credit card?

a Do y o u .................... American Express?

b Can I have a .................... , please?
might/may c Have you got this in a .................... 40, please?
2 Complete the sentences. Use might or may and the d Are these shirts in t h e .................... ?
comparative form of one of the adjectives in the
e Could y o u .......................the cheque, please.
box.
f Can I .................... them on?
expensive interesting fast g W here is t h e ................................................... ?
co n ve n ie n t / bad c o m fo rta b le h These are too small. They d o n 't.................... me.
good
i I don't like this colour. It d o e s n 't.................... me.

e.g. The earlier flig h t...... ....................be

. Let's take that one. Ages and lengths
a This ja c k e t.........................be a ..........................fit. 4 Rewrite the examples as shown,
Can I try it on? e.g. A son of tw elve...A.;tyye£v
b The other p u b .......................... be even
.......................... than this one. Let's stay here. a A daughter of four.
c The shops in the c e n tre .......................... be
............................ Let's buy the presents here. I'm b A father of forty-nine.
sure they will cost less,
d Let's go by train. I t .......................... be c A colleague of twenty-six.

e Try these shoes on. T h e y .......................... be d A boss of thirty-seven.

f This book is very boring. This o n e .............. e A phone call of fifteen m inutes.
b e ............................
g This T -shirt.......................... f it ...................... f A business trip of ten days.
h Try a blue one - i t .......................... suit you
g A contract of two years.

h A taxi ride of tw enty m inutes.

74 UNIT 27
UNIT 28
Your colleagues
Some useful phrases
Listen to the recording and repeat
What does your boss look like?
Which is he?
He is (He's) the tall one with glasses.
He has (He's) got black hair.
He is (He's) wearing a grey suit.
How long has he been with the company?
He has (He's) been with the company for ten
years.
Eva has been with us since last month.
She joined the department three weeks ago.
She is (She's) on the admin side.
Tom works in production.
What is (What's) he like?
He is (He's) very nice.
I think Eva has two children.
I do not (don't) think Tom is married,
married single
separated divorced
is he divorced?
I think so. I don't think so.
Study notes
H ow long has h e b een w ith th e com p an y?
Note these examples of the Present Perfect tense:
He has been here for three years. She has lived in Paris since June.
Has she worked in the States? Yes, she has. / No, she hasn't.
See also Reference Section 20.7.
... for te n years.
... sin ce last m on th .
Use for with periods of time, and since w ith days, dates and times:
for five minutes/three days/two weeks
since 3 o 'clock/Monday/July
See also Reference Section 18.5.
... th ree w e e k s ago.
Ago stands at the end of the sentence. It is used with the Past tense
- never the Present Perfect.
See also Reference Section 18.5.
She joined the department three weeks ago.
He left school ten years ago.
... adm in side.
= administrative side
What is h e like?
Talking about the person, not the looks.
He is a good boss. She is very nice. He is very’interesting.
I don 't th in k Tom is m arried.
Notice that we say:
I don't think he's married. (not I think he is not married.)
I don't think she has children. (not I think she doesn't have children.)
I th in k so. / 1 d on 't th in k so.
- Is he divorced?
- 1 think so. (= I think he's divorced.)
- Is she married?
- 1don't think so. (- I don't think she's married.)
Your colleagues 75
Practice
Giving personal details
1 Listen to the recording and answ er the questions
with I think so or I don't think so.
a Does her boss w ear glasses?
b Is he more than 35?
c Has he been with the com pany for six years?
d Is he m arried?
e Has he got any children?
f Does he live in a house near the airport?
Describing people
2 Rewrite these sentences.
e.g. (He's a young m an. He has a m oustache.)
Hft’s (\ '^oiA'ng w itk t\
a (She's an attractive w om an. She's has long
brow n hair.)
b (He's a tall m an. He's wearing a grey jacket.)
c (She's a short w om an. She's wearing a red dress.)
d (She's a blonde wom an. She's has glasses.)
e (He's a bald m an. He's got a beard.)
f (She's a middle-aged w om an. She's got grey
hair.)
g (He's a fat m an. He's got curly hair.)
76 UNIT 28
Dialogue
3 Fill in the gaps in the dialogue using the words in
the box.
ago been d o n ’t
fo r hair m a rrie d
s h o rt w ith w h ic h /
A: a .....one is your new assistant?
B: He's the b ......................one c .......................
glasses. He's got black d ........................
A: How long has he e ......................with your
company?
B: He's been w ith us f .....................three years now.
A: W hy do you say he's new?
B: Because he joined my departm ent about thirteen
days g ........................
A: Is he h ......................?
B: Yes, I think so, but I i ...................... think he has
any children.
Past tenses
4 Write the questions for these answers.
\aJIa.e-'H d id VrOM l& M e- sc,Wool7
....................•'r a s B ..................... ........ ¥
I left school eleven years ago.
How k/xve. ^jO lA J V K firr i& d ?
I've been m arried for eighteen m onths.
He's been in his job for four years.
She w ent to college six years ago.
I've been here for 20 m inutes.
He joined the departm ent five m onths ago.
She's been with the company for m any years.
UNIT 29
Your office building
Some useful phrases Study notes
Listen to the recording and repeat Could yo u sign in, please?
Sign in = sign the visitor's book
Good morning, my name is Nancy Lee.
Can you te ll m e if th e b oardroom is o n th is floor?
I have an appointment with Mr Irwin.
Look at these indirect or em bedded questions:
Could you sign in, please?
Where is it?
If you take the lift to the second floor, they will Do you know where it is?
(they'll) meet you. Is it in this building?
This is your security pass. Can you tell me if it is in this building?
I am (I'm) looking for the training department, See also Reference Section 14.2 for m ore examples.
is this the way to the advertising department? W hen you co m e o u t o f th e l i f t ...
Can you tell me if the boardroom is on Notice these prepositions of direction:
this floor?
When you come out of the lift, turn right. [> -e m i /h c P
out of into up to down to on to back to
It is (It's) at the end of the corridor, on the left.
See also Reference Section 17.3.
It's the last door on the right.
There is (there's) a card swipe on the left of ... at th e end of th e corridor ...
Notice these examples of at:
the door.
at the bus stop at the airport at the station
Press the green button.
at home at work at school
How far is it? It's not far.
Notice these prepositions of place:
It's a long way. •
□
You are (You're) on the wrong floor. 0 0 □ •
in on above below
It is not (isn't) this way.
□• Q □ .
I do not (don't) know where it is.
I am (I'm) not sure if it's on the third floor or under by near
the fourth. See Reference Section 17.2 for prepositions of place.
Where is (Where's) the lift? H ow far is it? It's n o t far.
Where are the stairs? Notice these examples:
They are (They're) over there. It's a long way. (affirmative)
Is it far? / Is it a long way? (interrogative)
It isn 'tfar. / It isn't a long way. (negative)
We don't use far in the affirmative.

Your office building 77

Practice
Directions in a building indirect/em bedded questions
1 Listen and fill in the gaps in the dialogue. 3 Rewrite the questions.
A: Excuse me, is this the right a ........................for
e.g. W here is it? is ?
the training departm ent?
B: I'm afraid you're on the b ........................floor. a W hich floor is it on?
A: c ........................floor do I need? I w onder if you can tell m e .................................?
B: I'm not sure d ........................it is. I think it's b Is this the right floor?
e ........................the boardroom . Take the lift Can I c h e ck ............................................................... ?
f ........................ the third floor. W hen you come
c W hen does it open?
g ........................the lift, turn left. It's
Do you k n o w .................................?
h ......................................................... the corridor, i ............. the
right. d How far is it?
Can you tell m e .............................. ?
far, a long way, etc. e W here is the lift?
Have you any id e a .................................?
2 Fill in the gaps in these examples using far or
f Is it on the left or the right?
a long way.
Do you k n o w .................................?
e.g. - How .T&K. is it to the service departm ent? g Is this the quickest way?
- It's not .rf'fl-r.; it's just dow n here on the right. Can you tell m e .................................?
a - Is M eeting Room 3 .................... from here?
- No, it's n o t .................... ; it's just at the end of Prepositions
the corridor.
4 Complete the directions below.
b The cafeteria is n 't.................... from the reception
a Go j.W.fp...... the building.
area. b W alk....................the reception a r e a .....................
c I t's ....................from here to the boardroom - it's the lift.
on the 27th floor. c Take the lift.....................the second floor.
d It is n 't.................... from here to the railway d W hen you c o m e ....................... the lift, turn right.
station. e W alk....................the end of the corridor.
e - Is i t .................... to Addis Ababa? f Turn right and g o .....................the medical unit.
- Yes, it is. g It's the first.....................your right.
h W alk ....................the lift.
f - Is i t ...................... from Cape Town to Tunis?
i Take the lift....................the first floor.
- Yes, it's a long way.
j G o .....................the corridor a n d ........................the
g - Is N airobi.................... from Rabat? room opposite. That's the managing director's
- Yes, it is. office.
h - H o w .......................is Tripoli from Kinshasa?
- It's ......................

78 UNIT 29
UNIT 30
How things work
Some useful phrases Study notes
Listen to the recording and repeat I do n o t k n o w h o w it w orks.
Look at these examples with knowhow.
How do you start the video camera? Do you know how to use it?
I do not (don't) know how it works. Do you know how to type?
Do you know how to use it? I don't know how to drive.
First, switch it on. First, sw itch it on.
Then press the button to start it. We often use these verbs with electrical equipm ent:
To start it press the green button. it is on it is off
Shall I show you? turn on turn off
You plug it in like this. switch on switch off
You switch it on like this. Then press th e b u tto n to start it.
You start it like this. to start it = in order to start it
it is not (isn't) working. ... plug it in
I think the battery is flat. ... sw itch it on
I think the paper is jammed. These are phrasal verbs. You can say:
Does it usually stop like that? Plug in the copier. Switch on the copier.
Does it normally make that noise? Plug the copier in. Switch the copier on.
Plug it in. Switch it on.
Where are the instructions? But you can't say:
What does it say? Plug in it. Switch on it.
It says, 'If it does not (doesn't) w o rk .. See also Reference Section 8.
... check that it is (it's) plugged in.'
D oes it u su ally stop lik e that?
... check that it's switched on.'
D oes it norm ally m ak e th a t n oise?
... call Technical Support.'
Look at these adverbs of frequency:
Thanks for your help. normally always sometimes often never
See also Reference Section 16.4.
... it is plugged in
... it's sw itch ed on
Note the examples of the Simple Passive:
The paper is jammed.
Is the machine plugged in?
See also Reference Section 4.1.

How things work 79

Practice
Trouble shooting Adverbs o f frequency
1 Listen and m ark the statem ents true [T], talse or 3 Rewrite these sentences.
don't know [_7J.
e.g. Does it make a noise like that?
a She knows how to use the m achine, (norm ally) ....... .
b She can't find the instructions, □
c The m achine is plugged in. □
d The m achine is switched on. □ a It doesn't stop like that.
(usually) ..............................................
e The instructions are in English, n b He doesn't wrork in the evening.
f He has read the instructions, □ (often) .................................................
g He has used the m achine before, n c Are they late?
(always) ..............................................
h There is som ething w rong with the m achine. El!
d Does he visit the gym?
(ever) ...................................................
The Simple Passive e Do you travel first class?
(som etim es)........................................
2 Rewrite the examples in the passive. f I've m et the MD.
e.g. You do it like this. (never) ................................................
If dong'lijte' fhj.S .r.................................... g Have you been in this departm ent?
(always) ..............................................
You don't do it like that.
X f . i d o i t e Jtifc&flMi f 'r.........................
Phrasal verbs
a You don't start it like that,
4 Write the responses.
b Do you plug it in here? e.g. The video recorder is plugged in.
Ho w .. d id .^. p.m .p .h ig ..i . t .i.-y-.?.......
c You don't clean the screen like that,
a The copier is switched on.
d How do you open the windows? H o w ...................................................
b The lights are switched off.
e Do you open them like this? W h e n ........................................................................ ?
c The fax m achine is turned on.
f You change the batteries like this, H o w ...........................................................................?
d The computers are turned off.
g You don't switch it on like that, W hy ..........................................................................?
e The m achine is plugged in.
h You shut it like this. W h e re ....................................................................... ?
f The TV is switched off.
W h e n ........................................................................ ?

80 UNIT 30
UNIT 31
Requesting information
Some useful phrases Study notes
Listen to the recording and repeat Could I h ave so m e in form ation on ... ?
Requesting information:
Could I have some information on Could I have some information ...?
filing cabinets? Can I have some information ...?
I have your brochure here. Is it possible to have some information ...?
Could you give me the reference number, See also Reference Section 7.1.
please? It's o n e m etre tw e n ty by n in e ty cen tim etres.
model number catalogue number M easurements:
How big is it? 90cm - ninety centimetres
It is (It's) available in three sizes - large, medium 1.6m = one point six metres (one metre and sixty centimetres)
and small. 2.25m = two and a quarter metres; two metres and twenty-five centimetres
It's one metre twenty by ninety centimetres. In m any English-speaking countries, people use imperial
m easurem ents.
What colour is it?
inch - inches ( l i n - 25.4mm)
What is it made of?
yard-yards ( l y d - 91cm)
It's available in blue or red. mile - miles ( l m - 1.609km)
It comes in wood or metal,
Note the spelling differences:
blue red green
centimetre (UK) centimeter (US)
wood metal plastic metre (UK) meter (US)
I would (I'd) like to order a large blue one. kilometre (UI<) kilometer (US)
Are they in stock? See Reference Section 20.9 for m easurem ents.
When can you deliver? It's available in b lue or red.
Delivery takes three days. Notice the preposition in.
Can we order online? It comes in wood or metal.
Go to our website. ... a large b lu e one.
The address is offquip dot com. Notice the order of adjectives: size, colour, composition.
Click on 'buy online'. A large white metal chair.
Thanks, I will (I'll) get back to you. See also Reference Section 15.1.

Requesting information 81
Practice
A sales enquiry Adjectives
1 Listen to the recording and fill in the order form. 3 i Complete the sets, using the words in the box.

aw ful large / expensive e xtra large

O rd er form
green m etal m o de l (n u m b e r) nylon
Product: .................................................... o u t o f stock te rrific
No. ordered: ....................................................
Model no.: .................................................... e.g. small standard ..... .................
Size: .................................................... a m edium large .......................
Colour: .................................................... b blue yellow .......................
Material: .................................................... c w ood/w ooden plastic .......................
d cotton wool/woollen .......................
e good nice .......................
f bad nasty .......................
g cheap reasonable .......................
Measurements and dimensions h in stock discontinued .......................
2 Write the num bers in words, as shown. i catalogue
(number) invoice (number) .......................
e.g. 2.75m .... t.Wp ppi f Se-Ve.-n -f iV£.VK&tr&s......
tw o y ^ tr e - S ' sey& itt^~-£iye:............. ii Now write descriptions of these products, using
the adjectives above.
tw o tkr&&-QM t\rt&r Y^&tre-s
e.g. a ......................... '^.°pder'ifi desk
1.25m a .................................................................
a a / a n ......................................... hole punch
b ....................................................................
c .................................................................... b a / a n ......................................... pen
c a / a n ......................................... filing cabinet
6.5kg d ..........................................................
e ..................................................................... d a / a n .....................................................................chair
e a / a n ......................................................................shirt
1.75km f ....................................................................
g ....................................................................
h .....................................................................
1.2m x 37.6cm i ............................................................
7.1cm x 4.8cm x 12.6cm j ...........................................

82 UNIT 31
Questions Some office furniture
4 Complete the questions in the dialogue using the Revise office furniture and equipm ent by joining a
phrases in the box. word from list A with a word from list B. Then
request information about the terms.
do you have them in give me some inform ation /
how much is is there
they available in h ow big is desk/ desk d ra w e r filing filing
is it made o f w hen could you hole m eeting rubbish shelf storage
w hat kind o f w o o d swivel wall wall

A: Can you 9.V-.......... B

on your New World office desks, please? bin cabinet chair clock cupboard
B: Certainly. W hat would you like to know? d ia ry / lam p p lanner punch table
A: Are a ................................................ different sizes? tra y unit u n it
B: Yes, they come in two sizes - standard and large.
A: b .................................................................the large?
e.g. - Could I have some information
B: It's 75 centim etres by one m etre thirty.
diaries?
A: And w hat c ................................................................?
B: It comes in wood or m elamine. - W hat colour/size is your desk diary?
A: Do you know d ..........................................................? - Do you have that one in stock?
B: It's pine.
A: And e ....................................... a choice of colours?
B: Yes - the pine version is available in green, blue
or natural. The melamine comes in black or
white.
A: f ..........................................................................stock?
B: Let me check. Yes, we do.
A: g .......................................................... the pine one?
B: The large version is £470.
A: And h ........................................................... deliver?
B: It normally takes about three days from when
you order.
A: OK, thanks. I'll get back to you.

Requesting information 83
UNIT 32
Staying in a hotel
Some useful phrases Study notes
Listen to the recording and repeat bath room
Compare bathroom (bath + room) w ith sitting-room (sitting +
I would (I'd) like a room. room). Some com pound (two-word) nouns are one word;
I'd like to book a room. some are joined by a dash (-) and some are tw o words.
to book to reserve See also Reference Section 10.3.
a single room a double room
Check that you know the m ain room nam es and other areas:
a room with ... sitting-room, living-room, dining-room, kitchen, hall, bedroom,
... a balcony bathroom, toilet, stairs, landing.
... a sitting room
W hat a pity! H o w d isap p oin tin g!
... a bathroom
Compare what and how in exclamations:
Is it for tonight? How expensive! What an expensive shop!
When is it for? How generous! What a generous woman!
How many nights do you want the room for? See also Reference Section 18.9.
It is (It's) just for tonight. We are so busy at th e m o m en t.
It's for three nights. It's such a busy tim e.
I am (I'm) afraid we are (we're) full. Compare so and such.
We have not (haven't) got any vacancies. It is so big. It is such a big place.
What a pity! How disappointing! He is so nice. He is such a nice man.
See also Reference Section 18.10.
We are (We're) so busy at the moment.
It's such a busy time. I can carry it m yself.
Do you have a reservation? Listen to these reflexive pronouns, which we can use for
emphasis:
Would you like someone to take your bag?
I —►myself we —►ourselves
No, thanks. I can carry it myself. you —►yourself you —►yourselves
Can I book online? he —►himself they -+ themselves
Yes, you can make the reservation yourself. she —* herself
Just go to our website and click on it —►itself
'reservations'. e.g. He did it himself.
Notice the plural of self is selves.
See also Reference Section 11.3.

84 UNIT 32
Practice
Booking a hotel room how/what (a); so/such
1 Listen to the telephone booking, then fill in the gaps 3 Complete the exchanges using what, how, so or such.
in this email confirmation.
e.g. - They're full.
aoe In - This i s .... ................a busy time for hotels.
° l
ijgj H 91 / & L~J »
a - They don't accept travellers' cheques.
D ele te R eply R ep ly A ll F o rw a rd C o m p o se M a ilb o x e s G et M ail - .............................ridiculous!
b - The hotel hasn't got any vacancies.
subject: a .......................
- ............................. a nuisance!
Dear Sir/Madam c - Why don't you stay at the Grand Hotel? It's
I am writing to confirm the telephone booking we very good.
made earlier today. The booking is for b ............... - Yes, but it's ............................. expensive.
arriving c ........................ and departing d ............... d - I can't go to Paris next w'eek - w e're too busy.
The booking is in the nam e of e ........................
- ............................. a pity!
Kind regards e I don't know the nam e of our m arketing director
Tina Patel because it's ............................. a big company.
Asia Travel f - W e're full all next week.
- ............................. frustrating!
g - I always get lost - it's a big hotel.
- Yes, there a r e ................. ........... m any floors.
Reflexive pronouns h - She gave the w aiter € 5 0 .
- .......................... am azing!............................a tip!
2 Write replies in answ er to the questions.
e.g. Would you like someone to carry your bag? Filling in a form for someone
(No, th a n k s .) .N??;..f . .X..M 4 Write down the questions you need to ask in order
............................................................. to fill in this card for someone else.

a Would you like me to post your assistant's Room no. Name Cash Lj
Cheque □
letters?
Arrivai Credit card □
(No, thanks.) .......................................................... Voucher

b Did someone park his car for him? Departure A/C no.

(N o .)......................................................................... M r______________________ Length o f stay

c Would you like someone to clean Mrs Dahabi's M rs_____________________ Number in p arty.
Miss____________________
shoes? M s_____________________
(No, thanks.) ..........................................................
Address_________________ City_____________________
d Would you like someone to carry this luggage C o u n try________________ Car registration number
upstairs for your party? Nationality______________ _______________________
Passport no._____________ W here issued.
(No, thanks.) ..........................................................
e Would you like someone to wash your shirt? Next destination .
(Give address)
(No, thank you.) .................................................... Signature_______

Staying in a hotel 85
UNIT 33
Bookins conference facilities
Some useful phrases Study notes
Listen to the recording and repeat ... to o sm all.
Note that too stands before small.
We are (We're) looking for a room for See also Reference Section 13.3.
a conference.
... big en ou gh .
How many people is it for?
Notice th at enough stands at the end of the phrase:
Between fifty and sixty.
It's big enough. It isn 't big enough. Is it big enough?
I think Room A is too small. See also Reference Section 13.3.
I do not (don't) think it is (it's) big enough.
m etres
Have you got anything bigger?
UK spelling: m etre/kilom etre
bigger smaller cheaper US spelling: m eter/kilom eter
How big is Room B? It's tw e n ty m etres long.
It's twenty metres long. Note that long, wide, high, tall, etc. stand at the end of the phrase.
How wide is it? It's seven metres high.
It's fifteen metres wide. He is one metre sixty-eight tall.
When do you want it? See also Reference Section 20.9.
We want it on the 26th, all day. H ow w id e is it?
We want it from 9 o'clock to 5 o'clock. It's fifte e n m etres w id e .
How much do you charge? Notice the form of the question and answ er in dimension
It's €2,000 a day. questions:
How long is it? It's 20 metres long.
We charge €500 per hour.
That includes refreshments. ... on t h e 26th ...
Do you provide AV equipment? = on the twenty-sixth.
See Reference Section 20.2 for m ore on ordinal num bers.
a projector a screen
Yes, we do. No we don't. ... € 2 ,0 0 0 a day.
Thanks, I would (I'd) like to book it. Note also:
€ 2,000 per day
Thanks, I will (i'll) get back to you.
€.500 an hour
... AV e q u ip m en t
= audio visual equipment

86 UNIT 33
Practice
Conference arrangements A: a Wfr))rer.. -for a conference room for
1 Listen to the enquiry about conference facilities. the 27th.
The conference m anager confirms the discussion by B: How m any people b ...................................?
A: c .................................. and twenty.
email. Read the email and fill in the gaps.
B: Room A is d .....................................What about
eoe In CD Room B?

D elete Reply
H
R ep ly A ll
H
F o rw a rd
/
C om pose
0 £3
M a ilb o x e s G et M ail
»
A: How big is it?
B: It's e ....................................
A: That would be fine.
subject: Conference Reservation 7 May B: W hen do you w ant it?
attach: Equipm ent Hire Price List A: f .................................... How m uch is it?
B: It's g ....................................
Dear M r Costa A: Does that h ...................................?
Thank you for your enquiry. It was a pleasure to m eet B: No, that's i .....................................
you again. I feel sure we will be able to m eet your
needs. May I confirm the details we discussed?
too smalt, not big enough
• You would like to book a ............................. .
09.00-18.00. We have made the reservation for you. 3 Think about the situations below. Are the rooms big
Our charges include VAT but not refreshm ents or enough? Are they too small? Or are they the right
b ............................... size? Write a sentence about each situation.
• I attach our price list for c ................................ . as
requested. R oom A R oom B R oom C
• W’e discussed your catering needs. You asked me to 8 .0 m x 15.5m 8.5m x 60m 3.0m x 5.0m
quote for d ................................ and a simple buffet
lunch. The attached quotation includes sample
e.g. 50 p eo p le-R o o m A
m enus and prices.
T We rooytt is fobo'iAf tWe
Please get back to me if you have any queries or further
requests. I look forward to doing business with you. a 300 people - Room A ........................
With best wishes b 3 people - Room B .............................................

Pippa Smolek c 6 people - Room C .............................................

Conference M anager d 12 people - Room A ...........................................
e 25 people - Room B ...........................................
f 30 people - Room C ...........................................

Arranging conference facilities

2 Complete the dialogue with the following phrases.
betw e en fifteen fro m te n to six include coffee
eleven m e tres long and seven m e tres w id e
is it fo r e x tra w e ’re looking f o r /
to o big £ 8 5 0 p e r day

Booking conference facilities 87

UNIT 34
Organising a trip
Some useful phrases Study notes
Listen to the recording and repeat ... a tic k e t to Bahrain.
The English pronunciation of some places is different from the
I would (I'd) like a ticket to Bahrain, local pronunciation. Some nam es are different, e.g.
a single ticket a return ticket Nihon - Japan
business class economy class
a sin gle tic k e t
When do you want to travel? a return tic k e t
Tomorrow. On Thursday. Note the alternatives:
I will (I'll) call you ... return - round trip single - one way
I'll email y o u ... These are US English term s that are used in UK English.
I'll text y o u ... I w ill call you w h e n th e tic k e ts are ready.
... when the tickets are ready. Notice that we say:
... when I have the details. ... when the tickets are ready. ...a s soon as I arrive.
...a s soon as I arrive. We do not say:
... when the tickets will be ready. ...a s soon as I will arrive.
You are (You're) flying on Continental Airways.
See also Reference Section 3.5.
Your flight number is CL 217.
It leaves at 09.15. It leaves ... / It arrives ...
It arrives at 17.30. Rem em ber the Simple Present tense is used for the Future in
tim etable inform ation and for opening hours.
How much is it going to cost?
The train leaves at 09.15 on Monday. Flight TZA10 arrives at 16.50.
It is (It's) £600 one way.
The shop opens at half past nine. The bank closes at 4.30.
It's £900 return. See also Reference Section 2.1.
Is there a cheaper way?
... 09.15 / 17.30 ...
You could go by train. That would be cheaper,
Note how to use the 24-hour clock.
by train by ferry 08.00 - oh eight hundred 16.08 -sixteen oh eight
by bus by plane 07.40 - oh seven forty 0 5 .1 5 - oh five fifteen
How do you spell Bahrain? 17.2 5 - seventeen twenty-five 2 1 .0 0 - twenty-one hundred
How do you pronounce it? T hat w o u ld be cheaper.
Note that would is the same for all persons:
1 would, he would, etc.
See also Reference Section 7.3.

88 UNIT 34
Practice
Organising a trip 24-hour clock
1 A businessm an in Istanbul is organising a trip. Listen 3 Write examples using the inform ation in the table.
and answ er these questions,
a W here does the traveller w ant to go? Flight
Operator Destination no. Times
b W hat kind of ticket does he w ant? a Silver Arrow Naples SX 216 dep: 12.00
arr: 17.30
c W hen does he w ant to travel? b Global Tours Johannesburg GA 708 dep: 07.30
arr: 13.15
d W hen does the flight leave? c Skyways Moscow ST 309 dep: 19.20
International arr: 12.45
d Euro Cairo EK 114 dep: 11.00
e W hat time does it arrive?
Continental arr: 18.40
e Trans Globe M elbourne TG 588 dep: 08.20
f Is he travelling by Air France? arr: 22.00
f Continental Bombay CA 512 dep: 13.00
g Does he get a single or a return? Airways arr: 23.50

h How m uch is it? Note

The inform ation in the table is fictitious.

e.g. a A Silver Arrow £)( 2.16 t o

Spelling and pronunciation Naple-s r.QQ.i.t.
2 Find out the English and local names for the places kM wdre-d) UoiArs f\iyd purriv&s _c\t.
in the table. Talk to colleagues or to friends. (? .30 ( S&y&nfe&jK'.t h i r t y - } .............
e.g. - How do you say Athens in Greek?
- Athinai. b
- How do you spell that? c
- A-T-H-I-N-A-I. d
- How do you pronounce it? e
- Athinai. f

Cities: Countries:
Athens a Athri&M Ireland d ...............
b ............... Praha e ............... Ellas
Rome c ............... Russia f ...............

Organising a trip 89
when/as soon as + the Simple Present Comparing plane, train, bus
4 Write out these sentences in full. 6 Read the dialogue, then rewrite it comparing the
train with the bus. Change the figures so they are
e.g. W hen/docum ents/com e/I/send/text.
realistic in your area.
1 f(a.& Ao&iAvK&wfs £-pyK&j £U L
A: How m uch is it by plane?
. .^ 0 1 4 b f e x f . ...............................................................................................
B: It's € 2 9 0 one way, € 5 8 0 return.
a I/contact/you/w hen/I/have/details. A: Is there a cheaper way?
B: You could go by train, but it would be slower.
A: How m uch is it by train?
b I/phone/you/as soon as/tickets/readv.
B: € 3 1 0 return.
A: How long does it take?
c As soon as/have/m oney/I/buy/new car. B: Twelve hours.
A: I'll go by plane.
d W hen/know /price/I/tell/you. B: OK. I'll call you w hen I have the tickets.

e I/visit/m useum /as soon as/I/have/tim e.

f W hen/can/speak/English/I/visit/N ew York.

would
5 Assume that you norm ally drive to work, then
answ er these questions.
e.g. Would your journey take longer by bicycle?
ye.£j if w o u ld .. i f . w ould. f l o 'y i^ r ............
or .. No j . t .W U ldv. ’t .•.X.t. woiAldw ’f . . lo.V-ffiX.:.

a Would it be cheaper by bus?

b Would it be possible to go by underground?

c Would it be practical to walk?

d Would you like to have a chauffeur?

e Would you prefer to work at hom e?

f Would you prefer to get a lift from a friend?

90 UNIT 34
UNIT 35
Hiringa car
Some useful phrases
Listen to the recording and repeat
Where can I hire a car?
There is (There's) a place inside the airport.
There's a Hertz outside the station.
You can go online.
What size car do you want?
Have you got something like a Ford Focus?
When do you want it?
This Monday. Next Monday.
How long do you want it for?
A week to ten days.
We have an estate that might suit you.
w hat make is it?
make model colour year
The rental is $450 per week, including tax.
Does that include insurance?
The price includes unlimited mileage.
That seems OK.
That sounds very reasonable.
seems sounds
reasonable cheap expensive
Can I see your driving licence, please?
Can you fill in this form, please?
Sign here, please.
Here are the keys.
Study notes
W here can I h ire a car?
We can also say: Where can I rent a car?
... so m eth in g lik e a Ford Focus
You can use like in comparisons.
This car is like that one. It's not like the other one.
This M onday. I ______
N e x t M onday.
This Monday = the nearest one.
Next Monday - not this one, the one after.
H ow lon g do you w a n t it for?
Notice that for stands at the end.
For how long do you want it? is unusual.
The rental is $450 per w e e k ...
Notice how rent, rental, charge and rate are used.
The charge for photocopying is 5 cents per copy
- the rate is 5 cents per copy.
The rent for this office is $2,500 per month
= the rate is $2,500 per month.
The rental for this car is €500 per week
= the rate is €500 per week.
looks That seem s OK.
Some verbs like seem, want, like are not normally used in the
Continuous tense. We do not say That is seeming OK.
See Reference Section 2.4.
Can you fill in th is form ... ?
Note the word order after//// in.
Fill in the form. Fill the form in. Fill it in.
(not Fill in it.)
Hiring a car 91
Practice
Hiring a car seem/sound/look
1 Listen to the dialogue and mark the statem ents true 3 xMatch the two parts of the sentences.
IT], false [F] or not given jw&|. a That seems ——^ i it's a bit expensive
a The car hire place is inside the airport. b She w ants \ x Vv-— ii very reasonable.
c I don't like \ v— iii very good.
b The custom er doesn't know w hat size car he
wants. □ d We think \ iv the colour.
c He needs a car for next Thursday. □ e I don't know \. v the date.

d He wants it for five days. □ f The car looks vi fine.

e They do not have a Honda. □ g That sounds vii to hire a car.

f They have som ething like a Toyota XL Estate. EU

g The car sounds OI< to the customer. □ Comparisons with like
h The rate is $120 per day. □
That includes insurance, but VAT is extra. □ 4 Complete these sentences using like or not like.

The price seems OK to the customer. □ e.g. The w eather in Spain i s ... ............ the w eather
in Italy.
The sales clerk needs to see the custom er's
driving licence. □ a M ontreal i s ...................................Paris.
The clerk has to fill in the rental agreem ent. □ b The food in Mexico i s ........................... the food in
India.
Filling in a form c A Range Rover i s ........................... a Nissan Patrol.
d Japanese i s ........................... Russian.
2 Fill in the form. Then write the questions you would
need to ask to fill in the form for someone else. Now m ake your ow n examples.
e .................................is lik e ...........................................
C A R R EN TA LS f .................................is not l ik e ...................................
25 Stigat Road, London SE7 8RZ
Tel: 045 258 777 Fax: 045 258 590 VAT no. 200 3 6 1
Car vocabulary
N a m e :.................................
A d d re s s :............................. 5 Describe your car, a car you hired, etc.
n o ,:.................................... Licence n o .:.................
Issued by: ..............................E x p ire s :.......................... It is a blue three-door Honda estate.
D a te o f birth:................ Occupation:............. It was a green four-door Fiat hatchback.
A ccid en ts in last 3 y e a rs :....................... red five-door Ford people-carrier.
C o n victio n s in last 5 y e a rs :............ silver four-wheel Mercedes saloon.
Co. Purchase O r d e r r e f : ................. etc. drive Volvo etc.
P assport N o .:...................... Peugeot
etc.
B ILLIN G IN S T R U C T IO N S
C re d it C ard [ . Travellers cheque □ Cash □ e.g. It was a blue five-door Honda hatchback.
Signed ..................................... Signed .............................
Forthe Hire Company For the Hirer

92 UNIT 35
UNIT 36
Returning home
Some useful phrases
Listen to the recording and repeat
Welcome back.
It is (It's) good to have you back.
How was your trip?
It was interesting/useful/tough.
It went well.
It is good to be back. Notice the construction after want (and ask):
How was Dick? want + object (me) + infinitive (toget back).
He sent you his regards. He wanted me to do it.
He says'hello'. He asked me to do it.

When did you get back? . . . I n e ed ed m ore tim e in Lima.

I was booked to fly on M onday...
... but my manager wanted me to come
back early.
... but l needed more time in Lima.
I managed to travel on Sunday instead.
I managed to reschedule.
Did you have to pay extra?
I had to upgrade to first class.
I had to pay a small supplement.
The airline was very helpful.
Did you get any firm orders?
I'm afraid not.
Is the problem delivery times?
I'm afraid so.
My report will be ready by tomorrow.
More and less can be used with nouns or adjectives.
Nouns: more time, less money.
Adjectives: more interesting, less expensive.
See also Reference Section 15.2.
I m anaged to t r a v e l...
Notice that the verb after manage is in the infinitive:
We managed to change the ticket.
We managed to reschedule.
Pronunciation of reschedule.
US English /ske'uil/; UK English /s'edjuil/
. . . o n Sunday instead.
Compare:
I managed to travel on Sunday instead.
I managed to travel on Sunday, instead of Monday.
I'm afraid n ot.
I'm afraid so.
Notice how these phrases are used:
Did you get any firm orders? —►I'm afraid not.
Did you have to pay extra? —►I'm afraid so.

Returning home 93
Practice
Back from a trip Changes, instead
1 A sales m anager has just arrived back from a trip. He 3 Notice how the arrangem ents on this itinerary have
meets a colleague in the corridor. Listen to the changed. Write sentences using instead.
conversation and answ er these questions.
a How was the sales m anager's trip?
Destination: Barcelona
b W hen did he get back? Carrier: - £ w ^ ir O eAft* A ir

c W hat did Ivan w ant? Flight no.: -tX-407 TW-149 R

Booking ref. no.: £ 0 2 2 5 fK 0A2.S12
d Who is Ivan?
Date: Id w d a y ^ tl-T ta y T ite s d w
ze-iw mm-
e W hy did the sales m anager upgrade to first class? Departure Time: U
Terms: business class
f W hat does Amelia think of the new system?
-one way" r-n
g W hat is the problem?
Details: a iolo s e a Se- gi f

h W hen will the sales m anager's report be ready? Price: -£330— £-410

I'm afraid so/i'm afraid not

2 Write I'm afraid not or I'm afraid so in responses to
these questions. e.g. (Carrier) .....

e.g. Is it possible to change the booking? Air..!wsf&Oid ?.£. t.IsiKf?. Air •

i W frfa riA w p f ..................................................... a (Day) He's travelling on ....................................

a Can I change my booking to Wednesday?

b (Date) He's travelling o n ...................................
b Is M onday's flight fully booked?
c (Time) His flight is leaving a t ...........................
c Is the plane late?

d Is there a flight on Tuesday? d (Details) He's sitting i n ......................................

e Can I change to business class? e (Price) His ticket c o s ts .......................................

f Do I have to pay a supplem ent?

g Is the m orning flight more expensive?

94 UNIT 36
more, iess
4 Complete the sentences Name Position Salary $ Tax Holiday Hours worked
w ith less or more, using the
Lydia Koons Area Manager 78,000 40% 4 weeks 50pw
inform ation in the table.
Ray Jarm an Local rep 32,000 30% 3 weeks 40pw
Sue Divoff Lawyer 120,000 45% 6 weeks 45pw

e.g. Ray Jarm an earns . . . mone y than

Lydia Koons.
want + object pronoun + infinitive
a Lydia Koons pays .......... tax that Ray Jarm an. 6 Write sentences about requests.
b Lydia Koons has ....... holidav than Sue e.g. John —►Mike: Could you change the booking?
Divoff.
Mike: ..t .fe .......
c Ray Jarm an has free time than Lydia
bpofCi^n^.
Koons.
d Sue Divoff earns ........m oney than Lydia or B.*?: .Q-SKe-.d VkZ. t.0. . f he- b o o | J < .
Koons.
a Clare —►Paul: Could you photocopy this report?
e Lydia Koons pays ..........tax then Sue Divoff.
S a rah :.........................................................................
f Ray Jarm an has , holiday than Lydia
b M artin —►Sue and Jim: Could you come to the
Koons.
m eeting?
g Sue Divoff h a s .......... free time than Ray
Liz: .............................................................................
Jarm an.
c M artin —►Sue and Jim: Could you cancel the
arrangements?
Vocabulary S u e :.............................................................................
d Clare —* Paul: Could you postpone the trip?
5 M atch words in the three columns to make
Sarah —►P a u l:..........................................................
vocabulary groups.
e Clare & Mike —►Paul: Could make some coffee?
seat n o . ------ ^ tax m onth Paul: ...........................................................................
change )I afternoon return f John —►Mike: Could you type this letter?
m orning v one way ticket Mike —►J o h n :..........................................................
boarding card flight no. —. postpone g Sue and Jim —►Clare: Could you check if there
salary passport \ arrival are any seats?
day w eek I expenses John: ..........................................................................
check-in cancel ( evening
single departure ’v- booking ref. no.

Returning home 95
General note on contractions
In speech and in formal writing, some verb forms are
contracted with:
• personal pronouns: I'm (I am), they've (they have), etc.
• question words: What's (What is), How'll (How will), etc.
• demonstrative pronouns: that's (that is), these're (these are),
etc.
• there: there's (there is), there'd be (there would be), etc.
Contracted forms are not used in affirmative short answers:
Yes, I am. (not Yes, I'm.)
Yes, they have, (not Yes, they've.)
However, they are used in negative short answers:
No, we don't.
No, she can't.
The following contracted forms are used in this book:
isI are
I'm (I am), he/she/it's (he/she/it is), there's (there is), What's
(What is), Where's (Where is), that's (that is), these're (these
are), isn't (is not), we/you/they 're (we/you/they are), there're
(there are), aren't (are not).
General note on capital letters
in business titles
Sometimes job titles and department names have capital
letters, and sometimes they do not. The general 'rule' is that
names have a capital letter.
I am John
I am Sales Manager
Here 'John' and 'Sales Manager' are names. In the following
example 'Sales Manager' is part of a description, so there are
no capital letters.
96 GENERAL NOTES
was/were
wasn 't (was not), weren 't (were not)
has/have
he/she/it's (he/she/it has), IIwe/you/they've (I/we/you/they
have), hasn't (has not), haven't (have not)
do/did
don't (do not), didn't (did not)
will/can
I/you!he'll (I/you/he will), won't (will not), can't (cannot)
would/must/could/should
I/we/you/she'd (1/we/you/she would), wouldn't (would not),
couldn't (could not), shouldn't (should not)
lam the sales manager.
In the same way we write:
I work in Sales, (a name)
I work in the sales department, (a description)
But business people often break the 'rule'. They use capital
letters to show status and respect. So you will meet:
He/She is the Sales Manager.
He/She works in the Sales Department.
These uses are common and accepted. The 'rule' is applied
Reference section

1 SPECIAL VERBS 10 NO UNS 17 PREPOSITIONS

1.1 be 10.1 Plurals of nouns 17.1 Talking about time
1.2 there is 10.2 Countable and uncountable 17.2 Talking about place
1.3 have and have got nouns 17.3 Talking about direction
10.3 Compound (two-word) nouns 17.4 Other uses of prepositions
2 ORDINARY VERBS 10.4 Possessive nouns
2.1 Simple Present 18 WORDS TO NOTE
2.2 Present Continuous 11 PRONOUNS 18.1 make and do
2.3 Simple Present vs. Present 11.1 Subject and object pronouns 18.2 ask, tell and say
Continuous 11.2 Possessive adjectives and 18.3 let's and shall
2.4 Non-Continuous verbs pronouns 18.4 still, yet and already
2.5 Simple Past 11.3 Reflexive/emphatic pronouns 18.5 since, for and ago
2.6 Past Continuous 18.6 for and untilltill
2.7 Simple Present Perfect 12 DEMONSTRATIVES 18.7 Why? and because
12.1 this, that, these and those 18.8 to and in order to
3 TALKING ABOUT THE 18.9 How and What (a)
FUTURE 13 QUANTIFIERS 18.10 so and such (a)
3.1 Simple Present 13.1 some, any and no 18.11 so and too
3.2 Present Continuous 13.2 something and anything 18.12 either, neither and nor
3.3 be going + infinitive 13.3 much, many, a lot, a little, a few, 18.13 instead and instead of
3.4 will enough and too 18.14 one/ones and other/others
3.5 when for the future 13.4 both, all, neither and one
19 IRREGULAR VERBS
4 THE PASSIVE 14 QUESTIONS
4.1 Simple Present Passive 14.1 Question words 20 USEFUL INFORMATION
4.2 Simple Past Passive 14.2 Direct and embedded questions 20.1 Cardinal numbers
20.2 Ordinal numbers
5 THE IMPERATIVE 15 ADJECTIVES 20.3 Telephone numbers
15.1 The form and position of 20.4 Some telephone alphabets
6 INFINITIVES A N D -ING adjectives 20.5 Ages
FORMS 15.2 Comparative and superlative 20.6 Time
adjectives 20.7 Days, months and seasons
7 M ODAL VERBS 20.8 Years and dates
7.1 can and could 16 ADVERBS 20.9 Measurements
7.2 may and might 16.1 Adjectives and adverbs 20.10 Money
7.3 would 16.2 Spelling of -ly adverbs 20.11 Countries and nationalities
7.4 must 16.3 Position of adverbs 20.12 Geographical location
16.4 Adverbs of frequency: How 20.13 Parts of the world
8 PHRASAL VERBS often? 20.14 Titles
16.5 Comparative and superlative 20.15 Abbreviations
9 ARTICLES adverbs 20.16 British and American spelling
9.1 a and an 20.17 Clothing sizes
9.2 the

Reference section 97
1 SPECIAL VERBS P a s t tense

there was there was not (there wasn't) was there?

1.1 be there were there were not (there weren't) were there?
Present tense
am I? e.g. There were some shops near the hotel.
I am (I'm) I am not (I'm not)
There weren't any banks near the hotel.
you are (you're) you are not (you're not/ are you?
Were there any problems? No, there weren't.
you aren't)
he is (he's) he is not (he's not/ is he?
he isn't)
1.3 have and have got
she is (she's) she is not (she's not/ is she? Present tense of have
she isn't) I have I do not (don't) have do I have?
it is (it's) it is not (it's not/ is it? you have you do not (don't) have do you have?
it isn't) he, etc. has she, etc. does not
we are (we're) we are not (we're not/ are we? (doesn't) have does it, etc. have?
we aren't) we have we do not (don't) have do we have?
you are (you're) you are not (you're not/ are you? you have you do not (don't) have do you have?
you aren't) they have they do not (don't) have do they have?
they are (they're) they are not (they're not/ are they?
they aren't) e.g. It has ten floors.
We have a canteen.
e.g. I'm from France. He doesn't have a secretary.
I'm thirty-seven, (not I have thirty-seven.) They don't have a car park.
She isn't in the sales department. Do you have a translation unit? Yes, we do.
They aren't in the office. Does your company have a cafeteria? No, it doesn't.
Are you an engineer? Yes, I am.
have got
Is he a sales rep? No, he isn't.
Have got means the same as have. Have got in the Present tense
Past tense is very common in spoken British English. Have is more
common in American English.
I was I was not (I wasn't) was I?
you were you were not (you weren't) were you? Present tense of have got
he, etc. was she, etc. was not (she wasn't) was it, etc.?
I have I have not have I got?
we were we were not (we weren't) were we?
(you weren't) were you? (I've) got (haven't) got
you were you were not
you have you have not have you got?
they were they were not (they weren't) were they?
(you've) got (haven't) got
he, etc. has she, etc. has not has it, etc. got?
e.g. The weather was very nice. (he's) got (hasn't) got
The people were very friendly. we have we have not have we got?
The journey wasn't very long. (we've) got (haven't) got
The hotels weren't very good. you have you have not have you got?
Were you at the conference? No, I wasn't. (you've) got (haven't) got
Were they in the office? Yes, they were. they have they have not have they got?
(they've) got (haven't) got
1.2 there is
Present tense e.g. I've got a new computer.
is there? They haven't got many orders.
there is there is not (there isn't)
Have you got a fax? Yes, we have.
there are there are not (there aren't) are there?

e.g. There's a car park in the basement.

There aren't any shops near here.
Is there a bank near here? Yes, there is.

98 REFERENCE SECTION
P a s t ten se o f have a n d have got 2.2 Present Continuous
I had I did not (didn't) have did I have? I am I am not
you had you did not (didn't) have did you have? (I'm not) staying
(I'm) staying
he, etc. had she, etc. did not (didn't) have did it, etc. have? you are you are not
we had we did not (didn't) have did we have? (you're not/you aren't) staying
(you're) staying
you had you did not (didn't) have did you have? he, etc. is she, etc. is not
they had they did not (didn't) have did they have? (he's) staying (we're not/you aren't) staying
we are we are not
e.g. We had a lot of problems last year. (we're ) staying (we're not/we aren't) staying
They had a working breakfast. you are you are not
I didn't have all the information. (you're) staying (you're not/you aren't) staying
Did you have a good trip? No, I didn't. they are they are not
Did they have lunch with you? Yes, they did. (they're) staying (they're not/they aren't) staying

2 ORDINARY VERBS am I staying?

are you staying?
2.1 Sim ple Present
is it, etc. staying?
I work I do not do I work? are we staying?
(don't) work are they staying?
you work you do not do you work?
(don't) work e.g. Bill's working in the Middle East.
he, etc. works she, etc. does not does it, etc. work? We're developing a new model.
(doesn't) work It isn't photocopying very well.
we work we do not do we work? They aren't having lunch.
(don't) work Are you waiting for a taxi? No, I'm not.
you work you do not do you work? Is business going well? Yes, it is.
(don't) work Spelling of infinitive + -ing forms
they work they do not do they work?
most verbs: work —► working
(don't) work
eat eating
e.g. He works for a bank. verbs ending in -e: write - writing
I live in York. make —► making
She doesn't like her new job.
We don't work on the manufacturing side. short verbs ending in one stop —► stopping
Does he often go abroad? Yes, he does. vowel + one consonant: plan -► planning
fit —► fitting
S p ellin g o f he!she!it form s —► lying
verbs ending in -e: lie
most verbs: get -+ gets die dying
want —► wants
live “> lives
—►
2.3 Sim ple Present vs. Present Continuous
verbs ending in consonant + -y: try tries
worry worries We use the Simple Present to talk about:
—►
- things that are true all the time
verbs ending in -ch, -sh or -5: watch watches
wish -► wishes e.g. What does your company do?
miss —► misses The company makes computers.
- things that happen often, usually, sometimes, etc.
irregular: have -> has
do does e.g. I usually arrive at the office at 9am.
go -* goes I often work on Saturday.

Reference section 99
We use the Present Progressive to talk about: 2.6 Past Continuous
- things that are happening or changing these days
I was writing I was not was I writing?
e.g. What are you working on? (wasn't) writing
People aren't buying shoes at the moment. you were writing you were not were you writing?
- plans for the future (see also section 3) (weren't) writing
e.g. We're going to Geneva next month. he, etc. was writing she, etc. was not was it, etc. writing?
What are you doing on Friday morning? (weren't) writing
we were writing we were not were we writing?
2.4 Non-Continuous verbs (weren't) writing
With some verbs (for example, hear, believe, see, understand) you were writing you were not were you writing?
we usually use only simple tenses, not continuous tenses: (weren't) writing
e.g. I believe they're in Rome. (not Iam believing ...) they were writing they were not were they writing?
I hear you're not coming on Friday, (not Iam hearing...) (weren't) writing
I understand you're leaving tomorrow afternoon.
(not I am understanding ...) We use the Past Continuous to talk about:
- the background situation at the moment something
2.5 Sim ple Past happened
e.g. I was having lunch when you called yesterday.
I started I did not (didn't) start did I start? It was snowing when I left.
you started you did not (didn't) start did you start?
he, etc. she, etc. did not did it, etc. start? - what was happening at a particular time
started (didn't) start e.g. What were you doing at 16.30 yesterday?
we started we did not (didn't) start did we start?
you started you did not (didn't) start did you start? 2.7 Sim ple Present Perfect
they started they did not (didn't) start did they start?
I have I have not have I visited?
e.g. Jane w ent to Paris by plane. (I've) visited (haven't) visited
John didn't call me. (not didn'tcalled...) you have you have not have you visited?
Did you like living in London? Yes, I did. (you've) visited (haven't) visited
(not Yes, I liked.) he, etc. has she, etc. has not has it, etc. visited?
(he's) visited (hasn't) visited
Spelling of regular past tenses we have we have not have we visited?
most regular verbs: work —►worked (we've) visited (haven't) visited
develop —►developed you have you have not have you visited?
(you've) visited (haven't) visited
verbs ending in -e: like —►liked they have they have not have they visited?
phone —►phoned (they've) visited (haven't) visited
verbs ending in consonant + -y: try —►tried
marry —►married We use the Simple Perfect to talk about:
- experiences
short verbs ending in one stop —►stopped
vowel + one consonant plan —►planned e.g. Have you ever visited New York?
fit —►fitted Yes, I have. / No, I haven't.
- developments
e.g. Prices have changed since last year.
They have sold more cars in the last few months.
- news
e.g. They have signed the contract.
I've finished the letter. Would you like to read it?

100 REFERENCE SECTION

We do not use the Present Perfect to talk about: e.g. The computer isn't often switched on.
- a finished time Is the office cleaned in the evening?
e.g. I changed my job last month.
(not I have changed my job last month.) 4.2 Sim ple Past Passive
I saw Tosca four years ago.
subject was/where past participle
(not I have seen Tosca four years ago.)
I visited Mr Schmidt w hen I was in Frankfurt, The printer was switched on.
(not I've visited Mr Schmidt when I was in Frankfurt.) The printer was not (wasn't) switched on.
The reports were written,
The reports were not (weren't) written.
3 TALKING A B O U T THE FUTURE
We use several different tenses to talk about the future. e.g. The printer was connected to the wrong computer.
The lights weren't switched on.
3.1 Simple Present (program me, tim etable)
e.g. What time does your plane leave? 5 TH E IMPERATIVE
We leave Paris at 10.30 on Saturday.
The imperative form is the same as the infinitive form.
3.2 Present Continuous (plans, arrangem ents) We use the same form to talk to one, two or more people.
We use don't in the negative.
e.g. Are you doing anything this evening?
I'm leaving on Tuesday. Affirmative Negative
I'm staying in Madrid for three days. Call me on Monday. Don't call me this evening.
Switch on the printer. Don't switch on the printer.
3.3 be going + infinitive (intentions, plans) We use the imperative to:
e.g. What are you going to do in Madrid? - make requests
I am going to m eet some important clients. e.g. Give my regards to your boss.
I'm not going to visit Moscow this year. Don't forget to send that email, please.
- offer food and drink
3.4 will (promises, predictions, offers)
e.g. Have a cup of coffee.
e.g. I w ill call you tomorrow.
Try these sandwiches. They're delicious.
Will you be free at nine? Yes, I will.
I'll p ay the bill. - tell someone to do something
e.g. Go to the end of the corridor and then turn left.
3.5 when fo r the future Don't go that way.
When is followed by the Simple Present tense if it refers - give orders
to the future: e.g. Switch off the lights when you leave.
e.g. When I have the details, I'll phone you. Don't leave the lights on.
(not When I will have the details ...)
I'll call you w hen the tickets are ready.
(n o t... when the tickets will be ready.) 6 INFINITIVES A N D - I N G FORMS
We use infinitives with to:
4 TH E PASSIVE - after some verbs (for example, hope, want, would like,
try, need)
4.1 Sim ple Present Passive e.g. I hope to see you again.
I want to go to the conference.
subject am/is/are past participle I w ould like to speak to Mr Jannsen.
The printer is switched on. I tried to call you back.
The printer is not (isn't) switched on. I need to buy a new suitcase.
The reports are written, I'd prefer to go to the opera.
The reports are not (aren't) written.

Reference section 101

- after something, anything and nothing 7.1 can and could
e.g. W ould you like something to drink? Can and could are used for:
Did they have anything new to say? - talking about ability
- after som e adjectives e.g. Can you make the meeting on Friday?
e.g. It's good to m eet you. I'm sorry, I can't.
It's great to be here. Could you read my signature? Yes, I could.
- to say w hy w e do things - talking about possibility
e.g. I w ent to Italy to visit some clients. e.g. Business meetings can be very boring.
W hy are you here? To m eet the n ew director. That could be a problem.
We use infinitives w ithout to: - asking for and giving permission
- after do and after m odal verbs (can, could, may, might, must) e.g. Can I borrow your car?
You can leave early on Friday.
e.g. Why don't you take a taxi?
Could you tell m e how to get to th e tow n centre? - making requests and offers
I might have a holiday n ex t m onth. e.g. Can I talk to you for a moment?
- after let's (let us) Could you speak more slowly, please?
Can I help you?
e.g. Let's have a break.
There is little difference between can and could when used for
We use -ing forms after some verbs (for exam ple, enjoy, like,
requests, although could is sometimes considered more polite.
love, hate).
e.g. We enjoyed having you here. 7.2 may and might
I like playing tennis.
May and might are used when talking about possibility,
He loves travelling.
I hate waiting for people. e.g. I may go to the sales conference.
I may not be in the office tomorrow.
I might go on holiday in September.
7 M O DAL VERBS I might not see you again before you go.
Can, could, may, might, would and must are called 'm odal' There is little difference between may and might, although
verbs. M odal verbs are the same for all persons. might is sometimes considered a little less sure.
e.g. I can, you can, he/she can, etc To ask a question, we use Do you think...? and Will...?
I could, you could, h e/she could, etc. e.g. Do you think you'll go to the sales conference? I may.
M odal verbs have no -s in th e th ird person singular Present. Will they agree? They might.
e.g. She can type, (not She cans type.)
It may rain tom orrow , (not It mays rain tomorrow.) 7 .3 w ould
Modal verbs are followed by th e infinitive w ith o u t to. Would is used for:
e.g. We may be late, (not We may to be late.) - making offers and requests
Questions and negatives are form ed w ith o u t do. e.g. Would you like some more coffee?
I'd like a return ticket to Turin.
e.g. Can you speak Italian? (not Do you can speak Italian?)
- talking about hypothetical situations
I can I cannot (can't) can I?
e.g. It would take a long time.
you could you could n o t (couldn't) could you?
Would the train be cheaper?
he, etc. m ay she, etc. m ay not m ay it, etc.?
It wouldn't be too expensive.
w e m ight w e m ight not m ight we?
you w ould you w ould not w ould you?
7.4 must
(you'd) (w ouldn't)
they m ust they m ust n o t (m ustn't) m ust they? Must is used when:
- offering hospitality
Note th at cannot is one word. e.g. You must visit us soon.
Modal verbs have several different m eanings and uses. We must meet for lunch.

102 REFERENCE SECTION

- making deductions Note: In some languages the word for the first number (1) is
e.g. You m ust be hungry. the same as the article word. This is not so in English. In
They m ust be very busy. English, the usual word for one is a or an. One is used for
special emphasis.
e.g. I'd like a coffee and two sandwiches.
8 PHRASAL VERBS Did you say two sandwiches and two coffees?
Phrasal verbs are verbs made of two words. Sometimes No, two sandwiches and one coffee.
phrasal verbs have an object,
e.g. Verb Object 9.2 the
try on a suit We use the to talk about particular things which the listener
call off the meeting already knows about.
switch on the machine e.g. Did you see the report?
You can say: He read the contract.
Try on a suit. or Try a suit on. Department names and job titles can be with or without the.
Call off the meeting. or Call the meeting off. e.g. I'm in the accounts department.
Switch on the machine, or Switch the machine on. I'm in Accounts.
But it, them, me, us (pronouns) always go before off, in, on, etc. Peter Grant is the assistant production manager.
Try it on. Switch it off. Peter Grant is Assistant Production Manager.
Plug them in. Call it off. We do not usually use the when we talk about things
in general.
e.g. Oil is getting more expensive.
9 ARTICLES Experienced engineers are difficult to find.
9.1 a and an Note these expressions without articles:
We normally use an before a vowel sound - a e i o u: e.g. at home (not at the home)
go home (not go to the home)
e.g. an engineer, an office
at college
We also use an before an h when it is silent: at work
e.g. an hour
We use a before uleu when the sound is like you:
e.g. a union, a university, a European
We normally use a before other letters:
e.g. a salesman, a representative
We use a and an when we talk about the job which we do:
e.g. I'm a sales rep.
He's an accountant.
We use a before common ailments:
e.g. a cold, a cough
We use no article for most other ailments:
e.g. flu, tonsillitis, AIDS
We use a and an in prices and measurements:
e.g. 80 pence a kilo
50 kilometres an hour

Reference section 103

10 N OUN S some and any with both countable and uncountable nouns
(see section 13.1 on quantifiers).
10.1 Plurals o f nouns Countable - There's a w o m a n at the reception desk.
Uncountable - I have so m e free tim e next week.
most nouns simply manager managers (not afree time)
add -5: name names
Countable - There are so m e b o o k s on the table.
nouns ending in secretary secretaries Uncountable - There's so m e n e w in form ation .
consonant + -y: company companies (not a new information)
nouns ending in box boxes Countable - Do you have a n y stam ps?
-ch, -sh, -s or -x: address addresses Uncountable - Do you have any n ew s?
some nouns ending self selves U n cou n tab les
in -/and -fe: shelf shelves
The following words are uncountable. We do not use them
wife wives
lives with alan, and they have no plurals:
life
half halves - advice, information, news, weather
knife knives e.g. I'd like to give you so m e advice, (not an advice)
some nouns ending safe safes Could you give me so m e in form ation ?
in -/and -fe: cliff cliffs (not an information’, not informations)
roof roofs Here is the n e w s, (not a news)
handkerchief handkerchiefs We're having terrible w e a th e r, (not a terrible weather)
most nouns ending radio radios - English (and the names of other languages)
in -o: photo photos e.g. She speaks very good E nglish, (not a very good English)
irregulars: child —►children - medicine, flu, toothache (but headache, cold, cough, etc. are
man men countable)
woman -► women e.g. I've got to o th a ch e.
potato potatoes I've got flu.
tomato tomatoes (but I've got a headache.)
tooth — ►teeth

fish — ►fish
10.2 Countable and uncountable nouns
Countable nouns are the names of things that you can count.
We can use atari with countable nouns. Countable nouns
have plurals:
e.g. a letter, one problem, two telephones,
six hundred dollars.
Uncountable nouns are the names of things that you can't
count. Normally, we can't use alan with uncountable nouns,
and they have no plurals:
e.g. milk, sugar, fruit juice.
Compare:
countable - Would you like a sandwich?
uncountable - Would you like some milk? (not a milk)
countable - There's a wom an at the reception desk,
uncountable - There's some sugar on the table, (not a sugar)
a/an and some/any
We normally only use a/an with singular countable nouns.
With uncountable nouns, a/an is not possible. We can use
Words like euro, dollar, pound, yen, peso and franc are
countable, but the word money is uncountable,
e.g. It cost eight euros.
It cost a lot of m o n ey , (not a lot of moneys)
10.3 Com pound (tw o-w ord) nouns
Some compound (two-word) nouns are one word.
e.g. bathroom, bedroom, headache
Some compound nouns can be hyphenated.
e.g. sitting-room, dining-room
Some compound nouns are written as two words.
e.g. hotel booking, plane ticket, car park
10.4 Possessive nouns
We usually use -5 (singular - 's, plural -s') for animate/living
things.
e.g. Sam is Mr Veen's assistant, (not the assistant ofMr Veen)
John's surname is Smith, (not surname's John)
That is my boss's office.
The directors' salaries are very high.

104 REFERENCE SECTION

Words ending in -s usually add - 's. e.g. Did you pack your suitcase yourself?
e.g. Charles's bag is there. They talked about th e m se lv es.
We usually use of tor inanimate/not living things, Each other
e.g. We write to each other once a month, (not We write to
e.g. The end o f the week is Friday.
ourselves...)
The top o f the desk is wet.
Somebody else
But there are exceptions. We use - 's with days and months,
e.g. I didn't write that letter - it was so m e b o d y else.
e.g. Did you read yesterd ay's newspaper? Do you usually go on holiday by yourself or with
Last m o n th 's sales figures were excellent. so m eb o d y else?
For job titles and departments, we can use - 's or of.
e.g. They are waiting for the CEO's arrival. 12 DEM O NSTRATIVES
They're waiting for the arrival o f the CEO.
The sales d ep a rtm en t's number is 223644. 12.1 this, that, these and those
The number o f the sales department is 223644.
This and these are used with people or things that are close to
the speaker.
11 PRONOUNS e.g. This telephone is out of order.
This is my boss.
11.1 Subject and object pronouns T hese books are very interesting.
Subject O bject It's up these stairs.
I me That and those are both used with people or things that are not
you you e.g. Are y o u Bill Smith? Yes, I am. close to the speaker.
he him Is John from ICT? No, h e is not (isn't)
e.g. T hat woman is an accountant.
she her Do you know the managing director?
What's th a t building?
it it Yes, I know h im very well.
Production is in th o se buildings.
we us I gave th e m the information.
Those books are not mine.
you you
they them
With some verbs, the object pronoun can either go before the 13 Q UANTIFIERS
verb, or after the verb with to.
e.g. Can you se n d m e the brochure. 13.1 some, any and no
or Can you se n d the brochure to m e. We usually use some in affirmative ('yes') sentences, and in
negative ('no') sentences.
11.2 Possessive adjectives and pronouns A ffirm a tiv e N eg a tiv e
A d jectiv e P ron oun There's so m e coffee. There isn't an y coffee.
my mine I've got so m e letters. I haven't got an y letters.
your yours e.g. That's m y car. not any = no
his his That car is m in e.
e.g. I'm sorry, there isn't an y more chicken.
her hers Are they you r customers?
= There is (There's) n o more chicken.
its - They aren't ours.
I've got n o free time.
our ours
= I h a v e n o t (haven't) got an y free time.
your yours
(not I've got any free time.)
their theirs
In most questions, we use any.
11.3 Reflexive/em phatic pronouns e.g. Is there a n y coffee?
myself ourselves Have you got an y stamps?
yourself yourselves We normally use some when we offer things,
himself themselves e.g. Would you like so m e coffee?
herself itself Would you like so m e more milk?

Reference section 105

We normally use some when we ask for things,
e.g. Can I have so m e coffee?
Could you give me so m e paper?
13.2 something and anything
We usually use something in affirmative sentences and
anything in negative sentences.
A ffirm a tiv e N eg a tiv e
I want so m e th in g to read. I don't want a n y th in g to read.
I'd like so m e th in g to eat. I don't want a n y th in g to eat.
not anything = nothing
e.g. I didn't do an yth in g.
I did n o th in g .
In questions, both something and anything are common,
e.g. Would you like s o m e th in g to eat?
Would you like a n y th in g to eat?
Are you doing so m e th in g this evening?
Are you doing a n y th in g this evening?
The difference between something and anything in these
questions is small. Something suggests that you already
have a definite idea in mind. Anything suggests a totally
open question.
Something, anything and nothing can be followed by adjectives,
e.g. S o m e th in g a w fu l happened.
Did a n y th in g in te r e stin g happen?
N o th in g u n u su a l happened.
Everything and nothing are singular.
e.g. Is ev ery th in g all right? (not Are everything all right?)
N o th in g was said. (not Nothing were said.)
Could I have some m o re bread?
I'm afraid there are no m o re potatoes.
Have you got en o u g h information?
(not information enough)
There aren't en o u g h car parks in this area.
(not car parks enough)
These printers make a lo t o f noise.
They have (They've got) a lo t o f problems.
We can also use these words and expressions without nouns.
e.g. H ow m u ch does it cost?
Do you like that restaurant? N o t m u ch .
Do you travel m u ch for your job? A lot.
We use much and many mostly in questions and negative
sentences. In affirmative sentences, we more often use
a lot (of).
Compare:
Have you got m a n y contacts in Korea?
We haven't got m an y contacts in America.
They've got a lo t o f clients in France.
We use too before an adjective or adverb when there is
no noun.
Compare:
Am I to o early? (not too much early)
You've got to o m u ch luggage.
Enough comes after an adverb, and after an adjective if there
is no noun.
e.g. You're not speaking lo u d en ou gh . (after adverb)
Is the beer cold en o u g h to drink? (after adjective)
We haven't got en o u g h in form ation , (before noun)

13.3 much, many, a lot, a little, a few, enough and too 13.4 both, all, neither and one
W ith u n c o u n ta b le s W ith plurals We can use both and all:
(not) much (not) many - with one-part verbs
how much? how many?
e.g. We b o th read The Nation, (not We read both ...)
too much too many
They all w e n t by car. (not They went all by car ...)
a little a few
more more - with two-part verbs
enough enough e.g. We've b o th g ot appointments.
a lot of a lot of (not We both have got...)
e.g. There isn't m u ch rain here in the summer. They w ill all arrive tomorrow.
Are there m a n y hotels in the town? (not They all will arrive ...)
H o w m u ch time do you need? - with are and were
H o w m a n y people are there in your company? e.g. We are b o th available then.
(not We both are available then.)
I've got to o m u ch work.
They w e r e all in the office, (not They all were in the
You gave me to o m a n y copies.
office.)
A little more potato, sir?
And a f e w more mushrooms, please.

106 REFERENCE SECTION

B oth/all/ neither/one + o f + p r o n o u n Compare:
e.g. B o th o f th e m are very busy. W ho is calling? (who is the subject)
I wish I had time to visit all o f th em . W ho did you speak to? (who is the object, you
N e ith e r o f u s has seen the contract. is the subject)
O ne o f u s liked the presentation, but the other didn't. W hat is the address? (what is the subject)
W hat address do you have? (what is the object,
you is the subject)
14 QUESTIONS H o w many people work here? (how is the subject)
H o w many people do they employ? (how is the object,
14.1 Question w ords
they is the subject)
Who
W ho is calling? 14.2 D irect and em bedded (indirect) questions
Who's coming this evening? Notice the difference in word order between direct and
Whose indirect questions.
W hose coffee is this? When is it? (direct)
W hose is this coffee? Do you know when it is? (embedded)
W hose papers are these?
W hose are these papers? Where is it? (direct)
Can I ask where it is? (embedded)
Which
W hich computer would you like to use? What time is th e a p p o in tm e n t (direct)
W hich of you is responsible for marketing? Can you check what time th e a p p o in tm e n t is? (embedded)
(not Who ofyou ...?)
W hat 15 AD JECTIVES
W hat is your name? Liz Sanderson.
W hat does hatchback mean? (not What means hatchback?) 15.1 The form and position o f adjectives
W hat time does the next train leave? B efore n o u n s A fter be
W hat sort of music do you like?
W hat do you do? I'm an engineer. e.g. the man in the b lu e suit e.g. The meal was e x p en siv e .
W hat a nice colour! (not What nice colour!) The order of adjectives is usually:
H ow size colou r c o m p o sitio n
My name is Ann Carter. H o w do you do? a large blue plastic box
H o w are you? Very well, thank you. And you? a small black leather bag
H o w old are you? I'm 35. T he form o f a d jectives
H o w did you travel? Adjectives in English have only one form. They have the
Where same form in the singular and plural.
W here's the bank? Next to the bookshop. e.g. an o ld building
W here are you from? Barcelona. o ld buildings
W here was this made? In Japan.
They have the same form with the female and male nouns.
W hen
e.g. a y o u n g woman
W hen do you begin your new job? (not When begins ...?)
a y o u n g man
W hen is your next appointment?
W hy
W hy did you come to London? To learn English.
W hy is the red light on?
Q u estio n w o r d s as su b ject a n d ob ject
When a question word is a subject of a sentence (or with the
subject of a sentence), we form questions without do.

Reference section 107

15.2 Com parative and superlative adjectives It's cold. (adjective)
It's e x tr e m e ly cold. (adverb)
Short ad jectiv es
He was careful. (adjective)
Adjective Comparative Superlative He drove carefully. (adverb)
most short old older oldest
adjectives: young younger youngest 16.2 Spelling o f- ly adverbs
cheap cheaper cheapest
A d jectiv e A dverb
adjectives late later latest
ending in -e: nice nicer nicest most words simply add -ly: slow slowly
careful carefully
adjectives ending big bigger biggest
extreme extremely
in one vowel + hot hotter hottest
adjectives ending in -y: happy happily
one consonant:
angry angrily
adjectives dry drier driest adjectives ending in -able: comfortable comfortably
ending in -y: easy easier easiest
irregular: good better best
bad worse worst 16.3 Position o f adverbs
Don't put adverbs between the verb and the object.
Longer ad jectiv es
He speaks English w e ll. (not He speaks well English.)
A d je ctiv e C om p arative S u p erla tiv e He n ev er watches TV. (not He watches never TV.)
He read the report carefully, (not He read carefully the report.)
interesting more interesting most interesting
beautiful more beautiful most beautiful 16.4 A dverbs o f frequency: How often?
expensive more expensive most expensive
e.g. H o w o fte n do you go to the cinema?
Using comparatives and superlatives: Do you ev er go to the opera?
- with than From m o st to lea st o fte n
I alw a y s have coffee for breakfast.
e.g. Monday is b etter th a n Tuesday for me. I u su ally have a bath in the morning.
Room 102 is bigger th a n room 202. I very o fte n go away at weekends.
The lamb is m o re e x p e n siv e th a n the chicken. I o fte n go out in the evenings.
- with as I so m e tim e s go to the cinema.
e.g. The meat isn't as good as the fish. I don't o fte n eat fish.
Is the salmon as delicious as the trout? I don't stay at home very o ften .
More can be used with nouns. I o cca sion ally travel to France.
I n ev er play golf.
e.g. The journey takes m o re tim e by car.
The journey takes less tim e by train. Position of frequency:
S u p erla tiv es
- with one-part verbs
Who is th e ta lle st person in the room? e.g. I a lw a y s h a v e coffee for breakfast.
It is th e o ld e s t building in town. (not I have always coffee ... )
I very o fte n go abroad for my work.
(not I go very often abroad ... )
16 ADVERBS - with two-part verbs
16.1 Adjectives and adverbs e.g. She h as alw a y s b e e n helpful.
(not She always has been ...)
We use adjectives before nouns and after be. We use adverbs
We w e r e o fte n in v ite d to his house.
to give more information about adverbs and adjectives.
(not We often were invited ...)
Compare:
I can n ev er u n d ersta n d what she says.
The company is efficien t. (adjective) (not I never can understand ...)
They work efficien tly . (adverb)

108 REFERENCE SECTION

- with am/areIisIwasIwere It's half p a st nine.
e.g. She is u su a lly late, (not She usually is late.) five to ten.
I a m n ev er at home these days, (not I never am Approximate tim e
at home...) I rang you at about three o'clock.
It is also possible for some adverbs of frequency to be at the at arou n d three o'clock,
beginning of affirmative and negative sentences, ju st b efo re four.
e.g. N orm ally, he won't discuss business. I was out for m o s t o f the afternoon.
U sually, I don't travel by train.
N o p r ep o sitio n
R egular freq u en cy
W hat tim e do you get up? (not At what time ...?)
I come here every day.
I'm meeting John to m orrow .
every three days,
I'll see you next week.
once a day.
I saw her last w e e k .
twice a week,
I was out all m orning.
three times a year.
She was in meetings m o st o f th e day.
16.5 Com parative and superlative adverbs
We usually form comparative and superlative adverbs with 1 7 .2 Talking about place
more and most. in behind between
e.g. Could you speak m o re slo w ly ? on in front of on the left of
She speaks m o s t qu ietly. next to opposite on the right of
Exceptions:faster, fastest; better, best. e.g. It is (It's) in that building.
e.g. She can type fa ster than me. on the fifth floor,
I speak English b etter than my colleagues. next to the canteen,
behind the main block,
opposite the paint shop,
17 PREPOSITIONS betw een the conference centre and
the workshop.
17.1 Talking about tim e o n the left of the testing area.
I will see you at ten o'clock, Usually in or at is possible for a building (hotel, airport, etc.)
in the morning, e.g. We stay in a nice hotel.
o n Thursday, We stayed a t a nice hotel,
on Thursday morning,
o n June 22nd.
above at the top of
at the weekend, below at the bottom of
in January,
at at the end of
in (the) spring,
by over there
in the new year.
near
I don't work on Saturdays,
e.g. It's ab o v e the cafeteria,
at the entrance,
in January,
b e lo w my office,
at Christmas.
by the reception desk,
I'll see you in three days. at the top of the stairs,
(= three days from now) a t the bottom of the stairs,
We will be here for two weeks. at the end of the corridor,
I have been here for six weeks, n ear the stairs.
sin ce Christmas.
It's in his office.
I work from nine t o /u n til six. on the second floor,
I'll be here u n til a quarter to three. a t no. 53 Park Street,
I'll be here for two hours. in London,
She will be here b efo re lunch. in Europe.
I'm free after six o'clock.

Reference section 109

 He is at the station, 18 W ORDS TO NOTE
a t the airport,
a t the bus stop, 18.1 make and do
a t the bank. Make and do are sometimes confused.
a t home, (not At the home.)
a t work. (not At the work.) Make means to create or construct:
at lunch, (not At the lunch.) e.g. We m a k e cars. They m a k e spare parts.
o n his way to work. I'm m a k in g coffee. Would you like some?
Are you m a k in g a profit?
17.3 Talking about direction Make is also used to talk about arrangements,
to along e.g. Can you m a k e five o'clock? No, but I can m a k e
down through five-thirty.
up past Do is used to talk about activities, especially work:
e.g. Go to the end of the corridor,
e.g. What does your company do?
d o w n those stairs,
We d o a lot of business in North Africa.
u p these stairs,
What are you d o in g here?
alo n g the main street,
th ro u g h the car park, 18.2 ask, tell and say
p a st the bank.
Ask!tell + object + infinitive form of the verb:
into down to
onto back to e.g. A sk him to call me, please.
Tell John to bring the reports.
up to out to
e.g. Go in to the lift. Say + (that) or tell + object + (that)
o n to the motorway, Compare:
u p to the fifth floor, Say (that) John Smith phoned.
d o w n to the first floor, Tell Alan (that) John Smith phoned.
back to the reception desk, (Thatcan be omitted in these sentences.)
o u t o f the building.
18.3 let's and shall
17.4 O ther uses o f prepositions Let's (let us) and shall are often used to make suggestions.
Here is a letter for you. e.g. Shall I call for you tomorrow?
Here's the woman in the blue suit. Shall w e go through the programme now?
He works in Production. Let's drive there.
Here's the man w ith the beard. Let's have a break.
She's o n the admin side.
What's o n the menu? 18.4 still, yet anc/already
We are all here e x c e p t Johan.
How old is she? O ver 20? U nd er 30? Still is used to talk about things which are happening around
He's good a t German. now. It is normally:
We're good a t tennis. - before the main verb
The highest building in the world (n o t... of the world.) e.g. Mr Coots still works for ETP.
We went to Turkey on holiday. - after the verb to be
We went there b y bus/car/train/air.
I'll think a b o u t it. e.g. Mr Coots is still in Rome.
We were talking a b o u t money. - before a negative
I can't go w ith o u t food for very long. e.g. Mr Coots has still not answered my letter.
L ook at my new office.
Yet is used to talk about things which we expect. It normally
Would you like to liste n to the radio? goes at the end of a sentence,
I'm lo o k in g for a T-shirt.
She ta lk in g o n her mobile. e.g. The taxi hasn't arrived yet.
Are you ready? Not y et.

11ft RFFFPFNrF SFCTION

Already is used to say that things have happened, Compare:
e.g. Mr Smith has already left. How expensive! What an expensive shop!
I've already phoned for a taxi. How generous! What a generous man!

18.5 since, for and ago 18.10 so and such (a)

Since is used with a point in time and for is used with a We use so before adjectives without nouns.
period of time. We use such {a) before adjectives with nouns.
Compare: Compare:
I've been in this office since June. It's so expensive! It's such an expensive shop!
I've been in this office for six months. He's so generous! He's such a generous man!
I haven't been to Estonia since 1991.
I haven't been to Estonia for three years. 18.11 so and too
Ago stands at the end of a time phrase. It is NEVER used with So and too are used to express agreement with an affirmative
the Present Perfect tense. statement. Their position is different,
e.g. I left college ten years ago. e.g. I work in an office. So do I.
(not I have left college ten years ago.) or I do too.
Stefan joined us three weeks ago. I have a cold. So do I.
(not Stefan has joined us three weeks ago.) or I have one too.

18.6 for and until/till 18.12 either, neither and nor

For is used with a length of time and untill till with a point in Either, neither and nor are used to express agreement with a
time. Till means exactly the same as until. negative statement. The position of either is different from the
position of neither and nor.
e.g. I'll be away for five days.
I'll be away until/till Friday. Compare:
I'm not well. Neither am I.
18.7 Why? and because or Nor am I.
Why is used to ask for a reason. Because is used to give or I'm not either.
a reason. with:
e.g. Can we change the time of the meeting? I've never been to Mexico City. Neither have I.
Why? (What's the problem?) or Nor have I.
Because the conference room is booked. or I haven't either.
(That is the reason.)
18.13 instead and instead of
18.8 toanGfinorderto Instead is used at the end of a sentence. Instead of is followed
To is often used to talk about why someone does something. by a noun.
In order to has the same meaning, but is more formal and/or Compare:
emphatic.
I'm booked on the three o'clock flight. I'd like to travel on the
Compare: four o'clock flight instead.
I'm sending a fax to reach them today. I'd like to travel on the four o'clock flight instead of the
I'm sending a fax in order to reach them today. three o'clock one.
I went to Paris to see the new factory.
I'm going to Paris in order to see the new factory. 18.14 one/ones and other/others
OneIones and otherIothers can be used as substitutes for words
18.9 How and What (a) already mentioned,
We use how before adjectives without nouns. We use what (a) e.g. (This plate is dirty.)
before adjectives with nouns. Here's a clean one.
(Did you eat all the sandwiches?)
No, I left the cheese ones.

Reference section 111

 (Where are the offices?) Infinitive Past tense Past participle
One is in the centre of the city, the other is to the west.
(Have you answered all the letters?) lead led led
No, I answered the urgent ones, but I left the others. learn learnt/learned learnt/learned
leave left left
lend lent lent
19 IRREGULARVERBS let let let
lie lay lain
Infinitive Past tense Past participle lose lost lost
be was been make made made
become became become mean meant meant
begin began begun meet met met
bend bent bent pay paid paid
bite bit bitten put put put
blow blew blown read read read
break broke broken ride rode ridden
bring brought brought ring rang rung
build built built rise rose risen
burn burnt burnt run ran run
buy bought bought say said said
can could/was able been able see saw seen
catch caught caught sell sold sold
choose chose chosen send sent sent
come came come set set set
cost cost cost shake shook shaken
cut cut cut shine shone shone
do did done show showed shown
draw drew drawn shut shut shut
drink drank drunk sing sang sung
drive drove driven sit sat sat
eat ate eaten sleep slept slept
fall fell fallen smell smelt smelt
feed fed fed speak spoke spoken
feel felt felt spell spelt spelt
fight fought fought spend spent spent
find found found stand stood stood
fly flew flown steal stole stolen
forecast forecast forecast stick stuck stuck
forget forgot forgotten swim swam swum
get got got take took taken
give gave given teach taught taught
went gone tell told told
go
grow grew grown think thought thought
have had had throw threw throne
hear heard heard understand understood understood
hit hit hit wake up woke up woken up
hold held held wear wore worn
hurt hurt hurt win won won
keep kept kept write wrote written
know knew known
e.g. I see my colleagues almost everyday.
lay laid laid
I saw our distributor in Barcelona.
I have never seen our factory in Brazil.

112 REFERENCE SECTION

20 USEFUL IN FOR M ATION 3 The difference between numbers like 13 (thirteen) and
30 (thirty) is sometimes difficult to hear, so it may be
20.1 Cardinal num bers necessary to say one-three, three-oh when repeating.
4 British people normally say and after hundreds. Americans
1 one 19 nineteen usually leave and out.
2 two 20 twenty 5 There is often no comma in 1000.
3 three 21 twenty-one
4 four 22 twenty-two 20.2 Ordinal num bers
5 five 23 twenty-three
6 six 24 twenty-four 1st first 24th twenty-fourth
7 seven 25 twenty-five 2nd second 25 th twenty-fifth
8 eight 26 twenty-six 3rd third 26th twenty-sixth
9 nine 27 twenty-seven 4th fourth 27th twenty- seventh
10 ten 28 twenty-eight 5th fifth 28 th twenty-eighth
11 eleven 29 twenty-nine 6th sixth 29th twenty-ninth
12 twelve 30 thirty 7th seventh 30th thirtieth
13 thirteen 40 forty 8th eighth 40th fortieth
14 fourteen 50 fifty 9th ninth 50th fiftieth
15 fifteen 60 sixty 10th tenth 60th sixtieth
16 sixteen 70 seventy 20 th twentieth 70th seventieth
17 seventeen 80 eighty 21st twenty-first 80th eightieth
18 eighteen 90 ninety 22nd twenty-second 90th ninetieth
23rd twenty-third 100th hundredth

0 oh or zero
12 twelve or a dozen
100 one hundred or a hundred 20.3 Telephone num bers
106 one hundred and six or one We say each figure separately. When the same figure comes
hundred six (US) twice, we can say double. 0 is said as zero or as oh:
556 five hundred and fifty-six e.g. 020 259 366 zero (or oh) two zero, two five nine,
1000 or 1,000 one thousand or a thousand three six six (or three double six)
5001 or 5,001 five thousand and one
10 000 or 10,000 ten thousand 20.4 Some telephone alphabets
1,000,000 or lm one million or a million American British International
200m two hundred million A Able Andrew Amsterdam
1,000,000,000 or lbn one billion or a billion B Baker Benjamin Baltimore
llObn a hundred and ten billion C Charlie Charlie Casablanca
0.4 point four or nought point four D Dog David Denmark
0.5126 nought point five one two six E Easy Edward Edison
i one quarter or a quarter (informal) F Fox Frederick Florida
41
23 one half or a half (informal) G George George Gallipoli
4 three-quarters H How Harry Havana
5_ five-sixteenths I Item Isaac Italy
16
twenty-five per cent J Jig Jack Jerusalem
25%
I< King King Kilogram
100% a hundred per cent
twelve and a half per cent L Love Lucy Liverpool
12\%
fifty-five point five per cent M Mike Mary Madagascar
55.5%
N Nan Nelly New York
Notes O Oboe Oliver Oslo
P Peter Peter Paris
1 The point (.) is used to show decimals. The comma (,) is Queen Queenie Quebec
Q
used to show thousands or millions or billions.
2 After the decimal point, you read number by number.
Reference section 113
R Roger Robert Rome 20.7 Days, m onths and seasons
S Sugar Sugar Santiago
T Tare Tommy Tripoli Days Months Seasons
U Uncle Uncle Uppsala Monday January spring
V Victor Victory Valencia Tuesday February summer
W William William Washington Wednesday March autumn (fall US)
X X-ray Xmas Xantippe Thursday April winter
Y Yankee Yellow Yokohama Friday May
Z Zebra /ziibra/ Zulu Zurich Saturday June
Sunday July
20.5 Ages August
Note the difference in spelling and punctuation. September
That man is thirty years old. October
He's a thirty year-old man. November
The contract is for five years. December
It's a five-year contract.
Expressions with days, months and seasons
20.6 Time on Monday in January in (the) spring
this Tuesday next April last spring
You can ask the time in two ways: before Friday after July till winter
What is (what's) the time? or What time is it? by Saturday
A simple way to tell the time is to say the numbers: Festivals
8.15 eight fifteen 9.27 nine twenty-seven (at) Easter
11.30 eleven thirty 7.55 seven fifty-five (at) Christmas
You can say the hours in two ways: (at) Diwali
(in) Ramadan
nine nine o'clock (on) Independence Day
To be exact, you can say: (at) Carnival time
ten am ten in the morning
ten pm ten in the evening 20.8 Years and dates
am = midnight to midday pm = midday to midnight 1621 sixteen twenty-one
1905 nineteen five or nineteen hundred and five
You can also tell the time in this way:
or nineteen oh five
12 12 II 12 2000 the year two thousand
r ° !
iV8 I
9 f AJ
2I
3-1 f-91° / 2 A
1 • 3|
Vb / AJ
f 10
|9
V8
21
-- 31
AJ
2009 two thousand and nine
You can ask the date in two ways:
What is (What's) the date? What date is it?
six o'clock five past seven a quarter past eight 2.1.08 the second of January, two thousand and
eight
or January the second, two thousand and
eight
(In American English, this is the first of
February, two thousand and eight.)
half past nine twenty to ten a quarter to eleven 3 June 11 the third of June, two thousand and eleven
3 June 2011 June the third, two thousand and eleven
2.05 = Five past two in British English. Five after two in June 3, 2011
American English. 3rd June, 201: (US English) June third, two thousand
2.55 = Five to three in British English. Five of three in and eleven
American English.

114 REFERENCE SECTION

20.9 M easurem ents €3.75 three euros and seventy-five
When you describe measurements you say: three euros and seventy-five cents
€8m eight million euros
The pipe is five metres (5m) long,
or The pipe is five metres in length, American
or It is a five-metre (5m) pipe. You write: You say:
You can say: lc or $0.01 one cent
The cable is two hundred feet (200ft) long, 56c fifty-six cents
or It is a two-hundred-foot (200ft) cable. $1 a dollar
or one dollar
The most common measurements are given in the $ 1.20 one dollar twenty
table below. or one dollar and twenty cents
(In the UK both systems are used. Distances between towns $3.75 three dollars seventy-five
are given in miles. Lengths of wood are given in metres) or three dollars and seventy-five cents
Metric American $3bn three billion dollars
Length Other currencies
1 millimetre = 0.039 inch British
1 centimetre = 0.3937 inch You write: You say:
1 metre = 1.094 yards IP one penny
1 kilometre = 0.6214 mile or one pence
Weight or one p
100 grammes = 3.527 ounces 56p or 0.56 fifty-six pence
1 kilogramme = 2.205 pounds or fifty-six p
1 tonne (1,000kg) = 0.984 ton £1 one pound
or a pound
Capacity £ 1.20 one pound twenty
1 decilitre = 0.176 pints or one pound twenty pence
1 litre = 1.76 pints £3.75 three pounds seventy-five
1 decalitre = 2.20 gallons or three pounds (and) seventy-five pence
Area £5m five million pounds
1 square centimetre = 0.155 sq. inch £5.5m five point five million pounds
1 square metre = 1.196 sq. yards or five and a half million pounds
1 hectare = 2.471 acres or five million, five hundred thousand pounds
1 square kilometre = 0.386 sq. mile
Volume 20.11 Countries and nationalities
1 cubic centimetre = 0.061 cu. inch To talk about people and things from a particular country,
1 cubic metre = 1.308 cu. yards you have to know three words:
- the adjective used to refer to the country
Notes - the word used for a person from the country
1 metre, litre, etc. = meter, liter, etc. in American English. - the word used (with the) to refer to the whole nation.
2 informal: kilo (kilo gramme)
Usually the word used for a person is the same as the
20.10 M oney adjective. The word used for the nation is the plural of this.
However, in some cases there is a different form for the
EU person. Apologies to countries not included in the list on the
You write: You say: next page.
1c one cent
25c twenty-five cents
€1 one euro
or a euro
€1.50 one euro fifty
or one euro and fifty cents

Reference section 115

 Country Adjective Person Nation 20.12 Geographical location

Albania Albanian an Albanian the Albanians

an Algerian north
Algeria Algerian the Algerians
N
America American an American the Americans
Argentina Argentinian an Argentinian the Argentinians
Australia Australian an Australian the Australians north-east
north-west
Austria Austrian an Austrian the Austrians . NE
NW y
Belgium Belgian a Belgian the Belgians
Brazil Brazilian a Brazilian the Brazilians west ^ east
*

\
Britain British a Briton the British W E
Bulgaria Bulgarian a Bulgarian the Bulgarians
Canada Canadian a Canadian the Canadians ^ south-east
China Chinese a Chinese the Chinese south-west SE
Czech SW
Republic Czech a Czech the Czechs r
Denmark Danish a Dane the Danes
south
Egypt Egyptian an Egyptian the Egyptians
England English an Englishman* the English
Finland Finnish a Finn the Finnish
France French a Frenchman* the French e.g. Where is your head office?
Germany German a German the Germans Eighty kilometres west of Cairo.
Greece Greek a Greek the Greeks Do you have any distribution centres in Egypt?
Holland Dutch a Dutchman the Dutch Yes, in the south-west of the country.
Hungary Hungarian a Hungarian the Hungarians
India Indian an Indian the Indians 20.13 Parts o f the w o rld
Iran Iranian an Iranian the Iranians
Ireland Irish an Irishman* the Irish
Italy Italian an Italian the Italians
Japan Japanese a Japanese the Japanese
Kenya Kenyan a Kenyan the Kenyans 11
Korea Korean a Korean the Koreans
Lebanon Lebanese a Lebanese the Lebanese 10
Libya Libyan a Libyan the Libyans 12^
Malaysia Malaysian a Malaysian the Malaysians
Mexico Mexican a Mexican the Mexicans 15
Nigeria Nigerian a Nigerian the Nigerians
Norway Norwegian a Norwegian the Norwegians
Poland Polish a Pole the Poles
Oman Omani an Omani the Omanis
Russia Russian a Russian the Russians
Scotland Scottish a Scot the Scottish 1 Western Europe 9 Australia
Slovakia Slovak a Slovak the Slovaks 2 North America 10 South-East Asia
Spain Spanish a Spaniard the Spanish 3 Eastern Europe 11 Far East/Asia Pacific
Sweden Swedish a Swede the Swedish 4 North Africa 12 Central America
Ukraine Ukrainian a Ukrainian the Ukrainians 5 South America 13 East Africa
Uruguay Uruguayan a Uruguayan the Uruguayans 6 Middle East 14 Scandinavia
7 Southern Africa 15 Asia Pacific
*When referring to a woman, this becomes: an English 8 India
woman; A French woman; an Irish woman. The names for different regions of the world can vary
depending on where you live.

116 REFERENCE SECTION

20.14 Titles 20.17 C lothing sizes
Mr is used for married and unmarried men. All the size equivalents are approximate.
Miss is used for unmarried women.
Mrs is used for married women. Men's suits and coats
Ms is used for married and unmarried women. British 36 38 40 42 44 46 48
Notes American 36 38 40 42 44 46 48
European 46 48 50 52 54 56 58
1 Mr (= Mister) is not usually written in full. The other titles
cannot be written in full. Men's shirts
2 Dear Sir and Dear Madam are ways of beginning letters to British 14 14 2 15 15i 16 16117
people you don't know. In other situations, Sir and Madam American 14 I4 i 15 151 16 16! 17
are unusual. European 36 37 38 39/40 41 42 43
e.g. Excuse me, could you tell me the time? Men's shoes
(not Excuse me, sir.) British 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
American 7‘ 12 »! 10 J Hi 12! 13!
20.15 Abbreviations European 45^ 47 48
4C>2 42 43 44 5
The list below shows some of the abbreviations used in
this study guide. Men's socks
Av. avenue British 93 10 IO3 11 H i 12
admin. administration American 10 i oi 11 H i 12
European 39 40 41 42 43 44
dept department
etc. etcetera (= and so on Women's dresses and suites
Dr. drive British 8 10 12 14 16 18
info information American - 8 10 12 14 16
no. number European - 38 40 42 44 46
PL place
Rd. road Women's shoes
rep representative British 4 4 5 ^2 6 6! 7

Sq. square American 6 65 7 ?! 8 82

St. street European 37 37\ 38 39 39! 40 40 3

tel. telephone

20.16 British and Am erican spelling

The list below shows some of the words used in this book.
British American
cancelled canceled
centre center
dialled dialed
litre liter
metre meter
programme program
theatre theater
through thru
travelled traveled

Reference section 117

Glossary of business-related terms
a/c: account
accountant: 1 person who keeps a company's accounts
2 person who advises a company on its finances
accounts department: department in a company which
deals with money paid, received, borrowed or owed
admin: administration, (informal) paperwork
administration: organisation or control or management of a
company
administrative assistant: clerical employee who helps with
the paperwork in an office
advertising department: department which deals with
advertising (trying to persuade customers to buy a product
or service)
agent: person who represents a company or a person in an area
agreement: contract between two parties which explains
how they will act
assistant: person who supports, e.g. sales assistant, Assistant
Manager
associate: connected in some way, e.g. an associate
company, a business associate
background: past details, e.g. background information
billing: (US) writing and sending of invoices and bills
boardroom: room where directors of a company meet
booking: act of ordering a room or a seat
boss: employer, person in charge
branch: local office of a bank of large business
brochure: publicity booklet
budget: plan of expected spending and income
business analyst: person who makes a detailed
examination/analysis of a business or market
card: business card showing a person's name and the
company he/she works for
caterer: person who supplies food and drink, e.g. for a
canteen
CEO: chief executive officer
chain: a number of stores belonging to the same company,
e.g. a chain of shoe shops, a hotel chain
chairman or chairperson: 1 head of a company
2 person who is in charge of a meeting
Chamber of Commerce: group of local business people
who meet to discuss problems which they have in
common and to promote commerce in their town/area
chief executive officer: executive in charge of a company
civil servant: person who works in the Civil (government)
Service
118 GLOSSARY
Civil Service: organisation and personnel which administer
a country
clerk: person who works in an office, e.g. filing clerk
client: person or company with whom you do business or
who pays for a service
colleague: person who works with you
commission: money paid to a sales person or company,
usually a percentage of the value of sales made
committee: official group that meets regularly, often
responsible for organising a particular area, e.g. the staff
social club committee
computer programmer: person who writes computer
programs
computer software: computer programs (as opposed to
machines)
conference: meeting for people with a common interest,
e.g. sales conference = meeting of sales managers,
representatives, publicity staff, etc.
construction company: company which specialises in
building
contact: person you know or person you can ask for help or
advice
contract: legal agreement between two parties
controller: person who controls an area such as finance,
e.g. financial controller
credit: period of time a customer is allowed before he/she
has to pay a debt for goods or services
credit card: plastic card which allows you to borrow money
and to buy goods without paying immediately
(e.g. American Express, Visa)
credit note: note given to someone showing that an amount
of money is owed to them
customer: person or company that buys goods or services
data processing: organising and analysing computer
information
deadline: date by which something has to be done
debrief: to meet to discuss and review information or a past
event
department: specialised section of a large company
deposit: money given in advance as part-payment to secure
something
dept: department
deputy: person who can take the place of another,
e.g. deputy sales director
director: senior person who is in charge of a division or
department, e.g. Personnel Director, Finance Director
discount: percentage by which a full price is reduced (to a
buyer) by the seller
distributor: company or person that sells goods for another
company which makes them
division: main section of a large company,
e.g. manufacturing division
draft: preliminary rough version of a document, e.g. draft report
economist: person who specialises in economics
enterprise: a business or company, e.g. Telot Enterprises
executive: person in a business who takes decisions, a
manager or director (NB sales executive = sales rep)
executive vice president: (US) one of the directors of a
company who is in charge of a department or division,
e.g. sales manufacturing
export: to sell goods to buyers in foreign countries
extension: individual telephone linked to the main
switchboard
extension lead: an extra cable for a piece of electrical
equipment
facilities: equipment or buildings which make it possible to
do something, e.g. transport facilities
filing cabinet: metal or wooden box with several drawers
for keeping files
filing system: way of putting documents in order for reference
finance department: department which deals with the
money used by a company
firm: company or business
flipchart: stand with large sheets of paper clipped together,
used in presentations
goods: products
goods inwards: area where deliveries to a company are
received
guarantee: legal document which promises that a machine
will work properly or that an item is of good quality
head office: main office, where the board of directors works
and meets
hire: pay money to use equipment or people (sometimes
property) for a period of time; see also rent
hirer: person who pays money for the use of
equipment/machinery, e.g. a car
human resources department: see personnel department
import: goods bought from foreign suppliers and brought
into a country
Inc: Incorporated, e.g. ABC Inc.
industrial designer: person who designs products
made by machines, e.g. cars
industry: a branch or area of business activity which
includes many companies supplying similar or related
products or services, e.g. the car industry, the tourist
industry
inflation: economic situation where prices rise and the value
of money falls
insurance: agreement that in return for regular payments, a
company will pay compensation for loss, damage, injury, etc.
itinerary: list of places to be visited on a journey or trip
leave: permission to be away from work
legal department: section of a company dealing with
matters relating to the law
lessor: person who rents out property (or equipment) to a
tenant (or hirer)
lim ited company: company where members/shareholders
are responsible for the company's debts only up to the
value of the shares they hold
line: telephone line (outside line = line that connects to the
system outside the office)
log: book containing an official record, e.g. telephone log
logo: symbol or design used by a company as a mark on its
products and in advertising
Ltd: limited, e.g. Jim Haines Ltd
main market: main area where a product might be sold
maintenance: keeping things going or working
management: directing or running a business
management information systems: equipment and
procedures which provide managers with information,
usually computerised
manager: head of department in a company, e.g. sales
manager, advertising manager
managing director: director who is in charge of a whole
company
manufacturer: person or company that makes machine-
made products
marketing department: department in a company which
specialises in using marketing techniques (e.g. packaging,
advertising) to sell a product
MD: managing director
m odel number: reference number identifying style or type
of product
multinational (company): company which has branches
or subsidiary companies in several countries
non-executive director: director who attends board
meetings and gives advice, but does not work full-time for
the company
office manager: person responsible for the administration of
an office or group of offices
OHP: overhead projector
paint shop: department or area where products, e.g. cars,
are painted or sprayed
PC: personal computer
personnel: the people employed in an organisation
personnel department: section of the company which
deals with staff matters; also known as the human
resources department
Glossary 119
plant: factory
postroom: room in an office where the post is sorted
PR: public relations
presentation: demonstration or exhibition of a new product
or a proposed plan
production department: section of a company which deals
with the making of the company's products
profit: money gained from a sale which is more than the
money spent
purchase order: official order made out by a purchasing
department for goods or services
purchasing department: section of a company which deals
with buying of stock, raw materials, equipment, etc.
R&D: Research and Development
rates: amount of money charged per hour, day, etc., e.g. car
hire rates
receipt: piece of paper showing that money has been paid or
that something has been received
reception: 1 place (in a hotel or office) where visitors
register or say who they have come to see
2 function arranged to welcome new arrivals or visitors
records: documents and other information kept because
they may be needed in the future
recruitment department: section of a company which
deals with looking for or getting new staff
ref no.: reference number
reference number: number that makes it possible to find a
document which has been filed
refund: money paid back, e.g. for returned goods
rent: to pay money to use property (sometimes equipment)
for a time (see also hire)
rental: money paid to use an office, etc. for a time
rep: representative, e.g. sales rep
Research and Development department: department
which carries out scientific investigation leading to new
products or improvement of existing ones
sack: to dismiss a member of staff
salary: payment for work, usually in the form of a monthly
cheque, made to an employee with a contract
sales department: section of a company which deals in
selling the company's products or services
sales figures: total sales, or sales broken down by category
schedule: timetable or plan made in advance
section: department in a company
security: 1 staff who protect an office or factory, e.g. from
burglars 2 system which protects, e.g. electronic security
system
service: to keep a machine in good working order
service (charge): charge added to a bill in a restaurant to pay
for service
120 GLOSSARY
share: official document showing that the holder shares
ownership of a company; shares usually entitle the holder
to receive a dividend (share of the profits) and to vote at
the AGM (Annual General Meeting)
shareholder: person who owns shares in a company
showroom: room where goods are displayed for sale
shredder: machine for cutting documents into thin strips so
they cannot be read
site: place where there are buildings (site plan = plan which
shows where different buildings are)
spare part: piece of machinery used to replace part of a
machine which is broken or worn out
standard: normal or usual, e.g. standard model
sterling: standard currency used in the United Kingdom
stock: quantity of goods for sale or for use in production (out
of stock = there is no stock left)
stock control manager: manager responsible for
controlling stock - movement in and out, levels,
re-ordering, etc.
stockbroker: person who buys and sells shares for clients
store: 1 place where goods are kept
2 quantity of items or materials kept because they will
be needed
subsidiary: company which is owned by a parent company
supplement: thing which is added
supplier: person or company that supplies goods or services
switchboard: central point in a telephone system, where all
lines meet
tariff: 1 tax to be paid for importing or exporting goods
2 rate of charging, e.g. for hotels rooms, car hire
tax: money taken by a government or an official body to pay
for government services
tax lawyer: person who specialises in laws relating to tax
training department: department responsible for staff
training
transport manager: person in charge of transportation,
e.g. delivering goods
travel agent: person who arranges travel for customers
trip: journey (business trip = journey relating to work)
unit: single building or small department, e.g. medical unit,
translation unit
VAT: value-added tax (UK sales tax)
wages: money paid (usually in cash each week) to a worker
for work done
warehouse: large building where goods are stored
workshop: 1 small factory
2 area in a building where mechanical work is done
Answers

U N IT 1 About you Note 2 Cardinal numbers

Glasgow is a major city in Scotland. 5 five 25 twenty-five
1 Telephone numbers 11 eleven 30 thirty
See audioscript page 135. 16 sixteen 70 seventy
Notes U N IT 2 About your job 22 twenty-two
In telephone numbers: 1 Listening for key information 3 Ordinal numbers
733 = seven three three (not seven a Claude b law firm 6th sixth
1st first
hundred and thirty-three) c Monaco d manager 7th seventh
2nd second
0 = oh or zero e Benedict f Saffer Security 3rd third 8th eighth
88 = eight eight or double eight (not g assistant h department 4th fourth 9th nineth
eighty-eight) 5th fifth 10th tenth
2 Object pronouns: me, him, etc.
2 Dialogues a her b you 4 The verb to have
a Excuse me. c them d him a has/has
b No, I'm not. e us f them b have
c I'm sorry, g me c Does your hotel have
d That's OK. d Do they have
Notes
e What's your name? e Doesn't have/has
don't = do not
f It's nice to meet you.
doesn't = does not Notes
g Where are you from?
h What do you do? 3 Use of the and - it's = it is; doesn't = does not
1 I'm a sales rep. a the b - 5 Dialogue
j I'm in the legal department. c the/- d the a for b Where
e the/- f the c in d near
3 Vocabulary, a/an
g the h the the e any f some
(possible answers)
a Japanese/German 5 Identifying yourself g in h have
b good Notes i address j on
c Italian/international i An electrical engineer is qualified k basement
d international/Italian in electrical engineering Note
e sales manager ii (maintenance) side = Street/Road have capital letters
f manufacturing (maintenance) department or 'S'/'R' when used in addresses.
g German/Japanese area
6 there is!are) some/any
iii it's = it is
4 Simple exchanges a any/thereare
(possible answers) b there is
a Is Lucy Gomme from Fox UN IT 3 About where you work c any/there are some
Construction, Glasgow? d any
b Yes, it is. 1 Saying what you do and where e There aren't any/there are some
c Is Fox Construction in London? you work f Is there/there is
d No, it isn't. It's Lucy, a In an office in the centre of town, g Are there any/there aren't
e Are you in the maintenance b 97 Morton Street, Are there any/there are some
department? c It's on the fourth floor,
f Yes, she is. d Yes, they have one near the
g No, I'm not. I'm from Spar airport,
Engineering, Chicago. e No, there aren't.

Answers 121
U N IT 4 Your business activities U N IT 5 The location of your f The Sales Manager's secretary's
number is 6871 395.
1 Dialogue company
g Her name is Maria Cobb,
a does your company do h The Sales Manager's name is
b in the computer business Anne Grundig.
c import Inc = incorporated
d do you do most of your business
e eighty per cent of 3 Dialogue
f in Western Europe a main b place
g much business in the Middle East c that d exactly
h not much e about f far from
i at the moment g away h to the north
j it's going very well 5 N u m b ers 100-1000; p lu ra l n o u n s
2 The Present Continuous vs. the a Three hundred and fifty sales
Simple Present people
a i b ii b A hundred and twenty-six bosses
c i d ii c Two hundred and forty-eight
e i f ii branches
g i 1 Reading a map; compass points d Five hundred and eighty shelves
(possible answers) e Eight hundred and seventy
3 Questions Plymouth is two hundred and women
a iv b vii fourteen miles south-west of f A hundred and twenty-one men
c ix d i London; that's about three hundred g Six hundred and ninety radios
e viii f ii and forty kilometres. h Nine hundred and sixteen
g vi h V Cardiff is to the west of London; it's companies
i iii about two hundred and forty i Four hundred and twelve
4 Writing abo ut your company kilometres by road. addresses
Birmingham is about one hundred
Note and ninety kilometres away from
SA (used in some European U N IT 6 The layout of your
London, to the north-west.
languages) = Ltd. (Limited
York is three hundred and thirty company
Company)
kilometres north of London; that's
about two hundred and ten miles. 1 Id e n tify in g b uilding
5 a lot of/ much/many; make/do
a do b do, a lot of 1 Main gate
Notes 2 Administration (admin) block
c many, many d make that's = that is 3 Service Centre and Maintenance
e a lot of f many, a lot Many English speaking countries
g do, much h making, much 4 Showroom
use miles. 5 Conference centre
i doing, making j much, much 1 mile = 1.609 kilometres
k much 1 making 6 Production
kilometre (UK spelling) = kilometer 7 Car park
(US spelling) 8 Testing area
2 Possessive adjectives and 9 Goods Inwards and Stores
possessive nouns 2 D e m o n stra tiv e adjectives:
(possible answers) this/thatr etc.
a Its number is 6872 543. a These b this
b The Managing Director's name is c these d that
Wallace Bright, e this f That
c His number is 6871 227. g those
d The Non-Executive Directors'
names are Ray Bunghi and N ote
Mai Nixon, What's = What is
e Their numbers are 4002 356 and
3679 901.

122 ANSWERS
3 Dialogue 3 a few!a little U N IT 8 The first two minutes
a main b place a cash
c your d block b coffee 1 A chance m eeting in Japan
e that f behind c Spanish a m b [T]
g How h along d Chinese phrases c m dm
i on j entrance e Arabic words e El f m
Notes f milk 2 Time references: parts of the day
That's = That is g cars in the car park a - b on
block = building h people c - d on, in
admin = administration Notes e - f in
I'd = I would g -
4 Giving directions
weren't = were not
(possible answers) 3 Days of the week
a It's on the left, next to the testing Simple exchanges Mon = Monday Tue = Tuesday
area. a iv b v Wed = Wednesday Thu = Thursday
b Where's the main block? c vii d viii Fri = Friday Sat = Saturday
c Where's the main production e vi f iii Sun = Sunday
building? g i h ii
4 Present Continuous used for the
d It's on the left here, next to the Note future
car park, it's = it is (possible answers)
e It's between the conference a I am working at my desk and
centre and the workshops and Meeting an associate off a plane
a Hi b too sending emails, etc.
maintenance block, b Yes, I have a production meeting,
f Where's the testing area? c journey d terrible
e dear f late c I am driving to our office in
g Where's the paint shop? [Paris].
g Yes, it was h Were
5 Prepositions of direction i not d Yes, I am leaving for [Korea] in
j to
a through b along the morning,
c up d to The Past tense of to be: was!were e We are going to visit my wife's
e down f past e.g. Were you in New York? parents.
g out of h into a Where were you? f I'm not going to be in the office.
b How were your travel I'm on holiday next week.
6 Prepositions of place arrangements?
(possible answers) c Were you in your hotel?
a next to b behind d We weren't in the hotel, U N IT 9 Partings and thanks
c in d on e We were in KPG's offices,
e opposite f behind 1 Goodbyes and thanks
f They were interested in our When are you leaving? 13
g next proposals, Have a good flight. 0
g But their purchasing manager Thanks for your help. 0
was concerned about delivery Thank you for everything. LJ
U N IT 7 Meeting and welcoming
times. See you next week, then. HI
1 Greetings and introductions h Price wasn't an issue. I'll email you next week. _J
e.g. a b c d e f g h Notes Don't forget to call me. 0
Greeting S / S S weren't = were not Remember me to your wife. 0
Introduction / / / / / wasn't = was not Give my regards to your MD. ,.J
Keep in touch. d!
2 Nationalities and languages Say 'hello' to Maria CD
a Brazilian b Britain
c Chinese (Mandarin, Cantonese, 2 will in promises
etc.) (possible answers)
d Arabic e France - Thank you for everything.
f Hungarian g Japanese - You're welcome. Don't forget to
h Russian i Spain call us.
j American - I won't.

Answers 123
 - Have a good flight. And give my - Yes, that's fine. U N IT 11 Confirming arrangements
regards to your colleagues. - Good. See you then.
- OK. 1 C onfirm ing tim e a n d p lace
- I will.
- You must visit us again soon. Tuesday: 11.30 / -
4 D ates a n d tim e s W ednesday: 10.00 / Room 317
- And you must visit us.
a 16/10/99 b 3/5/09
- Thanks - we will. 2 E m b e d d e d (indirect) q u estio n s
c 6.25 d 7.35
- Bye. a Do you know what time it is?
e 11.00 f 1600
3 P rep o sitio n s: m o n th s a n d g 2010 h 1968 b Can you tell me if the meeting is
seasons i 90th j eleven thirty going ahead?
k six fifteen c Can you check what day it is?
a - b at
1 the seventeenth of June (June d Do you know if it's on Monday or
c during d in
e at f in the seventeenth) Tuesday?
m the twenty-first of March (March e Can you tell me who is coming?
g in
the twenty-first) f Can you check if it's in Room 407?
4 Im p e ra tiv e s g Do you know how many people
n The twelfth of
a Please let me know this evening, are coming?
September/September the
b Please keep in touch, twelfth two thousand and six h Do you know if you can make it?
c See you again soon, N otes
0 twenty-fifth of
d Don't forget to send me the February/February the twenty- going ahead = happening
report. fifth two thousand and sixteen it's = it is
e Remember me to your secretary, p eighteen ninety-nine
f Thank you for everything, 3 D ialogue
q nineteen eighty-five a confirm b week's
g Have a good journey home.
N otes c make d check
1 May 3rd = May the third e details f ahead
U N IT 10 Setting up a meeting 6th June = the sixth of June g Paul's h right
In emails the endings -thl-rd are i ten j still
1 Two m eetin g s
often omitted: 3 May, 6 June, etc. k know
Call 1 Call 2 ii In US English 12/9/07 = the ninth
N otes
Type of Budget Sales of December two thousand and isn't = is not
meeting meeting meeting seven.
Day/Date 12th Friday In UK English 12/9/07 = the 4 still/yet (possible answers)
Time 11.30 3.00 twelfth of September two d Is Wednesday's meeting still in
thousand and seven. the Conference room?
Call 1: Can Carla make it? No. e Do you know if Thursday's
Call 2: Can Mr Galis make it? Yes. 5 can/can't; u se of make in meeting is at two or three yet?
a rra n g e m e n ts f Do you know where Thursday's
2 A rran g in g a m eetin g a We can make the meeting at
a 3 b 2 meeting is yet?
eleven o'clock, g Is Friday's meeting still at twelve?
c 4 d 1 b Can he make the appointment on h Do you know if Friday's meeting
N o te Wednesday?
Hope you can (an abbreviation used is still in the Boardroom?
c She can't make the sales i Is Saturday's meeting still at
in informal messages) = I hope you conference in June,
can seven pm?
d I can't make the appointment in j Do you know where Saturday's
3 D ialogue the morning, meeting is yet?
- Can you make Wednesday? e They can make the breakfast
meeting tomorrow, 5 Yesterday's conversation, Tuesday's
- No, I'm sorry, I can't.
- Are you free on Thursday? f We can't make the sales meeting meeting, etc.
- I'm afraid not. at 4.30 tomorrow afternoon, a The meeting on Tuesday
g Can they make the conference in b July's conference
- How about Friday?
20..? c The appointment (for) tomorrow
- Yes, that suits me very well.
- Can you make three o'clock? h He can make the three o'clock d Saturday's arrangements
meeting on the 16th. e The plans for 2010.

124 ANSWERS
6 toI in order to g I have to speak to visitors in f I'm ill too.
(possible answers) English. g I won't be back by Friday either,
I am writing to Maria Bush to/in h That suit's me too.
order to thank her for lunch. Dialogue
a we'll b the problem Notes
She is flying to Japan to/in order to we're = we are
c booked d after lunch
visit a customer. either is pronounced /aido/ or /i:6o/
e then f at six o'clock
He is emailing John to/in order to
g back h Why don't we 3 call off/put off
tell him the new room number.
i free j find out a Could we put it off?
They are going to Mario's to/in order
to have a coffee. 5 Questions and short answers b I can't put off Tuesday's
We are going to their website to/in a Will you be home by 5.00? appointment.
order to check the address. Yes, I will. / No, I won't, I can't put Tuesday's appointment
b Do you have to speak English in off.
your job? c He will have to call it off.
U N IT 12 Changing plans Yes, I do. / No, I don't, d They can put it off, if they want,
1 why and because c Can we change the time to three e You don't have to call off the
a iii b ii o'clock? conference
c i d iv Yes, we can. / No, we can't, You don't have to call the
d Do your colleagues have to speak conference off.
2 will!will not f Will they put off the
English on the phone?
(possible answers) arrangement?
Yes, they do. / No, they don't,
Will your manager be in Tokyo next Will they put the arrangement
e Does your assistant have to be in
Monday? off?
the office tomorrow?
Yes, he/she will. / No, he/she won't. g She won't put off Friday's
Yes, he/she does. / No, he/she
Will the meeting room be free this doesn't. conference.
evening? f Can he change the appointment She won't put Friday's
Yes, it will. / No, it won't. to Friday? conference off.
Will your assistant be in the office Yes, he can. / No, he can't. Notes
tomorrow? can't = cannot; don't = do not;
6 Suggestions
Yes, he/she will. / No, he/she won't. won't = will not.
(possible answers)
Will your family be away next a Why don't we meet in Room 4 Dialogue: unexpected problem
week? 204? a about b everything
Yes, they will. / No, they won't. b Could we meet in the afternoon? c put it off d problem
Will Reception check our security c We could meet on Wednesday? e going to f down
passes? d Why don't we change the room? g sorry h postpone
Yes, they will. / No, they won't. e How about beginning earlier? i How about j sorry
Will you be back by 6pm? f What about starting the meeting k suits
Yes, I will. / No, I won't. later?
could in requests
3 have to a iv b iii
(possible answers) U N IT 13 Dealing with the c vii d vi
a I have to read French at work, unexpected e ii f V
b My colleagues have to write faxes g i
in Arabic, 1 Cancelling/postponing
a ii b i c iv d iii 6 Intentions and plans - going to
c My boss has to use English on the (possible answers)
phone. 2 too/either a Questions
d The sales reps don't have to speak a I'm not well either, Where is she going to stay?
Russian with customers, b I don't like meetings either, How much is this going to cost?
e I don't have to write reports in c I have a cold too. Who is going to pay?
English. d We're very busy too.
f My secretary has to understand e I can't make Monday's meeting b Statements
instructions in Spanish. either. He called to say he's going to be late.

Answers 125
 They are going to be in Cairo next Ben Ozikis - that's Bfor Brussels, E for He won't be out of the meeting till
week. Egypt, etc. half past eleven.
She is going to send us the web link. They won't be back from lunch
3 Dialogue till 2 o'clock.
c Negatives a Can I speak b One moment
I'm afraid the work isn't going to be Mrs Jones won't be back at her desk
c through d is that
ready. till after lunch.
e This is f how are
We aren't going to know till next g Fine h can I do 4 Who
week. i it's about j help you a Who is dealing with this?
I'm not going to tell you. b Who took this message from AIT?
4 Is it possible...? c Who spoke to you when you
(possible answers) called?
U N IT 14 Explaining and Is it possible to speak to someone in
d Who are you calling?
apologising Sales? e Who do you want to speak to?
Is it possible for you to call again in f Who did she speak to when she
1 Explanations and apologies
c the morning? called?
a b
i El Is it possible to give her a message?
i 0 i m
Is it possible for you to give me his
ii m ii CD ii m U N IT 17 Leaving and taking
iii iii El mobile phone number?
iii CD messages
Is it possible for us to have your
2 The Past tense direct number? 1 Telephone messages
a - He didn't lose the phone Is it possible for your assistant to
number, email the report? Call 1
b + She wanted to phone, Is it possible for you to hold on? Message for AWr&w
c - They didn't forget the meeting, Is it possible for us to meet later? Caller's name Cfivn M o
d + We missed the appointment, Company
e - He didn't try to call, Phone number ?93I?2_
U N IT 16 Dealingwith incoming Please ring back D Will call again D
f + I had Lo see a client,
calls Return your call 0 Urgent dl
g - We didn't take a client to the
airport. 1 Dealing w ith calls Message We. wi££ be- in tow n t i l l six.
a vii b V Date Time Taken by
3 Dialogue d Call 2
c viii i
a missed b forget Message for Tania U\n fo s
e ii f iv
c didn't d happened h Caller's name ASK^ C o n tro lle r
g vi iii
e had f Did you Company ASK.
g did h wanted 2 Times Phone number Sl^-5
i didn't have a Six o'clock Please ring back 13 Will call again D
b Seven fifteen/A quarter past Returned your call CH Urgent 0
seven
U N IT 15 Making contact by phone Message ?le.(xse- tail k e - r a.s soon as
c Eight thirty/Half past eight
014 g e - f i' h .
1 Getting through d Nine forty-five/A quarter to ten
i a Can I speak to someone e Ten twenty-five/Twenty-five past Date Time Taken by
b Could I speak to ten 2 Currencies
c Is that f Eleven forty/Twenty to twelve a ii b iv
d Could you put me through to g Twelve fifty/Ten to one c V d viii
ii a You're through now. e ix f iii
3 for and until/till
b I'm putting you through now. h
(possible answers) g v ii i
c I'll connect you to Sales, i X vi
John will be out of the office till j
d I can connect you now.
Wednesday.
2 Using a spelling alphabet Mary will be on holiday until 27th
Note August.
If you don't know a telephone Mr Smith will be in a meeting for
alphabet, use other words, e.g. This is about an hour.

126 ANSWERS
3 say /tell/ ask f He has the wrong number, U N IT 1 9 Drinks and snacks
(possible answers) g The report did not arrive.
a i/v/vii b i/v 1 Offering drinks and snacks
c ii/iii/iv d ii/iii/iv 2 Exchanges a No, I just had a cup of coffee.
a iii b i Thanks, that would be great,
e viii f vi
c vii d viii b White, no sugar, please.
g i/v/vii h i/v
e ii f V Milk, please.
4 Dialogue g vi h iv Thanks. I'll have one of these,
b Hello. Is that Petra? Notes: c Yes, please.
i No, I'm afraid it isn't, i you're = you are; can't = cannot; It's a kind of pastry,
d She's at lunch at the moment. it's = it is; couldn't = could not; I'll d That's for Alan.
C Can I take a message? = I will I think that's mine - with milk.
e Yes, please. ii get (a phone call/email) = It must be yours.
h Could you tell her that Don Roger receive; get through (on the 2 something/anything
called? phone) = reach/make contact; it
g Sorry, I didn't catch your name, a anyone/anybody
bounced back = it was returned
a Don Roger, that's R-O-G-E-R. b anyone/anybody
j Thank you, Mr Roger, 3 Dialogue c anywhere/somewhere
f I'll tell her. (possible answers) d anywhere
a up b up e somewhere
Notes
c back d on f anywhere
she's = she is
e through f on g anyone/anybody
I'll = I will
g before/after h on h anyone/anybody
didn't = did not
i to i someone/somebody
5 Some language points j anything
4 try + infinitive k anything
l a 2 a
(possible answers) 1 anything
3 c 4 c
a vi b iv
5 b 6 b Notes
c vii dv
6 Writing numbers in full e i f viii i don't = do not; won't = will not;
a Fifteen thousand Saudi riyal g iii h ii didn't = did not
b Eight hundred and forty-five ii Can I get you anything else? =
5 Approximate times Can I get anything else for you?
dollars
(possible answers)
c One hundred and sixty-seven 3 Vocabulary
a I emailed you just before 3.00.
million yen a a knife b a spoon
b Your phone was engaged all
d Seventy-five billion roubles c a fork d a plate
morning,
e Sixteen million pounds e a serviette f a sandwich
c I'll send you a fax at about
f One thousand three hundred and g a roll h a teapot
midday.
eighty-six (Chinese) yuan i a coffee pot j a cup
d Did you try to call me at about
g Eight point five million dollars k a mug 1 a jug
9.00?
h Three hundred and twenty-five
e Could you call me just after 3.00? Examples (possible answers)
thousand euros
f Our email was out of order all a Excuse me, could I have a knife,
day. please?
U N IT 1 8 Email and telephone g She was on line for about half an b Do you need a spoon?
problems hour. c Excuse me, where are the forks?
1 Problems d Excuse me, I need a plate,
6 Making contact e Excuse me, could I have a
(possible answers) a enter b open
a Her battery is low. serviette, please?
c press d access
b The email address was wrong, f I'd like a ham sandwich, please,
e dial f missed
c The number is always engaged, g Would you like a roll?
g deleted h forward h Could we have a pot of tea,
d The phone is out of order,
e He can't access his mailbox. please?

Answers 127
 i Could we have a pot of coffee for Steak (medium) 4 Vocabulary
three, please? vegetables a plate b sausages
j Two cups of tea, please. Wine: Half a bottle of dry c potato d beef
k Would you like your coffee in white e juice f tip
a mug? Half a bottle of g cooked h mushrooms
1 Could you pass the milk jug, house red
please? 2 Comparatives (possible answers) U N IT 21 Outings and sightseeing
4 Possessive pronouns i Examples of comparatives
(possible answers) a smaller 1 A visit to Riga (possible answers)
a mine b hers b faster a Yes, in 2001.
c theirs d ours c more expensive b Yes, they have. (Their business in
e theirs f his d more comfortable Latvia has grown and grown.)
Notes: isn't = is not; it's = it is e tidier c Yes, he was in Lithuania last year,
(its = possessive pronoun); f cheaper d Yes, his last meeting ends at 2.15.
e She is going to take the visitor for
they're = they are g more interesting
h better a drive round the city,
5 one/ones Examples o ia s... as f At 2.30.
a ones b one a Their production department Notes
c ones d one isn't as big as ours. i Riga, a major port, is the capital of
e ones f ones b She isn't as fast as him at Latvia; the Baltic States are the
g one typing. Republic of Estonia, Latvia and
6 Whose...? c Business class tickets aren't as Lithuania, on the Baltic sea in
Whose coffee is this? Whose is this cheap as Apex. northern Europe.
coffee? d That seat isn't as comfortable ii Have you been to = have you
Whose drinks are these? Whose are as this one. visited; it's = it is; didn't = did not;
these drinks? e My assistant's desk isn't as haven't = have not
Whose sandwiches are these? untidy as mine. 2 Superlatives (possible answers)
Whose are these sandwiches? f The local wines aren't as a cheapest b best
Whose roll is this? Whose is this expensive as imported wines.
c worst d oldest
roll? g The presentation he gave last e biggest
Whose change is this? Whose is this year wasn't as interesting as
change? this one. 3 The Perfect Present tense
Whose papers are these? Whose are h The food at the Mayfair (possible answers)
these papers? restaurant isn't as good as the Have you worked in Japan?
Whose security pass is this? Whose food at the Adelphi. I haven't visited Calcutta.
is this security pass? Notes I have been to Kuala Lumpur on
Whose keys are these? Whose are isn't = is not business many times.
these keys? aren't = are not Have you seen the opera Tosca?
wasn't = was not He hasn't been to Athens.
U N IT 20 Eating out Have you read the contract?
3 Quantity phrases We haven't seen the new
1 Booking a table and ordering (possible answers) brochure yet.
a meal a A cup of coffee,
i Name: Gachot b A piece of cake, 4 since and for
Number: 2 c A can/bottle of coke, a since b for
Tel: 345666 d A glass/bottle of wine, c since d for
Date: 30th June e A box of chocolates, e since f since
Time: 8.30 f A litre of petrol, g for h since
ii Starters: Spaghetti g A bunch of flowers,
Mushroom soup h A packet/tin of biscuits.
Main courses: Salmon (in white
wine)

128 ANSWERS
U N IT 22 Starting a journey f I don't need to check in my hand c We're going to be an hour and a
luggage. I need to check in my half (one and a half hours; one
1 Right and wrong suitcase. hour 30 minutes) late,
a the Toronto flight/check-in. g We don't need to know the gate d It's going to be two hours late,
b the bus stop for the main station, number. We need to know the e We're going to be thirty minutes
c the platform for the Manchester departure time, (half an hour) early.
train. h He doesn't need to see your
d he's in the departures hall and he 4 Possessive -s
ticket. He needs to see your
needs the arrivals hall. a Have you got yesterday's
boarding card.
Japanese newspapers?
Note Notes b Have you got this week's
right is the opposite of wrong: i don't = do not; doesn't = does timetable?
the right queue the wrong not; to stop over = to break a c Have you got tomorrow's flight
queue plane journey times?
the right check-in the wrong ii Sao Paulo is a major city in Brazil; d Have you got Tuesday's copy of
check-in Buenos Aires is the capital of The Times?
the right platform the wrong Argentina. e Have you got last week's list of
platform
5 Vocabulary (possible answers) sales figures?
the right one the wrong one
departure time Note
2 Arranging a m eeting point gate number have you got? = do you have?
a Check-in b Check-in hand luggage
c Check-in d Hertz boarding card
e Avis f Travel insurance air ticket U N IT 24 Arriving and meeting
g Information desk departure hall contacts
3 how much vs. how many luggage label 1 Meeting someone at the airport
(possible answers) flight attendant a IS b 53
a How much (time) do you need? information desk c E d El
b How many do you need (to buy)? seat belt e E
c How much (more) do you need 6 Short responses
to know? 2 Past Continuous tense
a iv bi a were you doing
d How much luggage do you have? c v d iii
e How many do you need? b was having
e ii f vi
f How many do you need? c were telling
g viii h vii d were you doing
g How much do you want/need?
e was visiting
Notes
UN IT 23 Travelling f was raining
i I've got = I have
g was snowing
ii how much luggage = how many 1 In transit
pieces of luggage Notes
Refer to the audioscript on page 140.
couldn't = could not
4 to need (to) 2 The Simple Present for the 3°C = three degrees centigrade
a I don't need to find the arrivals future (possible answers)
hall. I need to find the departures 3 Past Continuous vs. Simple Past
a ends b opens
hall. a He was living in a first class hotel,
c arrives d finishes
b She doesn't need a drink. She b He wasn't doing any work,
e leaves f changes
needs some food, c He wasn't selling anything,
g start
c I don't need to speak to Mario. I d He was eating and drinking too
need to speak to Helena, 3 Periods of tim e much.
d We don't need to stop over in Sao (possible answers) e I checked his expense account,
Paulo. We need to stop over in a We're going to be quarter of an f It was enormous.
Buenos Aires, hour (15 minutes) late,
e You don't need to go to Gate 13. b We're going to be ten minutes
You need to go to Gate 14. late.

Answers 129
 g What did you do? e inviting me at this end. I very much enjoyed
h I sacked him. f Let me take having you here. It was useful to
Note g inviting me have your input - particularly to the
wasn't = was not h look forward MXD project. Please don't forget to
Notes send us the new specification.
4 Weather vocabulary
i there's = there is; I'll = I will We hope you had a good flight back.
(possible answers) ii Birmingham = large city in
It was very cold when I left Moscow. We look forward to seeing you again
central England soon.
It was foggy last night.
There was snow in Berlin. 2 so/neither (nor) Please say 'hello' to Mary.
It's freezing! a So do I.
The sun was shining when we left b So do I. Kind regards
Buenos Aires. c Neither (Nor) have I. Note:
The weather was very warm. d Neither (Nor) do I. input = contribution
The plane was delayed because of e So do I.
fog. f So am I. 6 Thanks for hospitality
The weather will be cloudy but dry. g So do I. (possible answers)
It's quite windy. h Neither (Nor) do I. Dear Dimitri
I think it's going to be hot. Thank you for looking after us when
3 Short responses
Notes a vii b v we were in Rome. We very much
it's = it is c ix d ii appreciated your kindness and
quite windy = windy but not very ex f i hospitality.
windy g viii h iii I felt we made good progress. It
5 shall for suggestions i vi j iv was good to meet your team, and to
a Shall we go home? 4 Verb + -ing (possible answers) see how things work at your end.
b Shall I open the window? Thank you for organising Let me know how ULK respond. I
c Shall we have a cup of coffee? everything. will send you a copy of my report
d Shall I/we buy one? Many thanks for looking after us. when it is ready.
e Shall we take a taxi? We really enjoyed meeting your Again many thanks.
f Shall we upgrade them? team. Best regards
g Shall I/we call the waitress? I very much appreciated having Ivana
h Shall we take the lift? your input.
Notes We look forward to seeing you
a break = a short rest again. U N IT 26 Checking facilities and
don't = do not My boss loves travelling on business. information
My boss doesn't like writing reports.
6 Updating a programme 1 Asking about facilities
My assistant likes dealing with
Programme: Thursday people. Available Available Not
8.30 Visit to DMB (suppliers) My assistant doesn't like doing the now later available
12.00 Free filing. Conference
15.00 Visit to Reef Laboratories My boss is not good at filling in phone t/
20.00 Dinner at the Olympic Hotel expense claims. IT Support /
with Todd Small My assistant is good at planning and Meeting
organising. room /
5 Thanks for a gift Copying /
U N IT 25 Gifts and saying thank you
(possible answers) Use of a
1 Gifts and thanks stapler /
a This is for you. subject: Thanks
Staff
b Thank you very much, Dear security
c I really enjoyed Thank you for the wonderful gift. It pass /
d look forward was greatly appreciated by everyone

130 ANSWERS
2 which, what, etc. O ther eq u ip m en t U N IT 2 8 Your colleagues
a What b Which Beamer/Projector /
c Which d What Conference phone / 1 Giving personal details
e Who f Which Copier / (possible answers)
Desktop computer / x4 a I don't think so.
g What h Which
Flipchart b I think so.
i What Fax machine / c I think so.
Notes Laptop docking station d I don't think so.
that's = that is Printer /
e I don't think so.
haven't = have not Scanner
Screen f I don't think so.
there's = there is
Shredder S Describing people
3 Requests Video camera a She's an attractive woman with
a Could you call Boris for me? Whiteboard
long brown hair.
b Could you deliver a sample for/to b He's a tall man wearing a grey
Anna? jacket.
c Could you give this to Igor for U N IT 27 Shopping
c She's a short woman wearing a
me? 1 Buying presents red dress.
d Could you do something for a-d-f d She's a blonde woman with
Max? b-c-e glasses.
e Could you check the facilities for e He's a bald man with a beard.
us? 2 might/may (possible answers)
a might/may - better f She's a middle-aged woman with
f Could you do some photocopying grey hair.
for the Service Manager? b might/may-worse
g Could you talk to Jane for me? c might/may - more expensive g He's a fat man with curly hair.
d might/may-faster Notes: She's = She is; He's got =
h Could you get some coffee for the he has got; She's got = She has got
visitors? e might/may - more comfortable
f might/may - more interesting Dialogue
4 Facilities g may/might - better a Which b short
a Is there someone h may/might - better c with d hair
b Is there a room e been f for
Note
c Is there a video camera
d Is there a fax machine
let's = let us g ago h married
i don't
e Is there somewhere 3 Shopping and payment
f Is there a beamer a accept b receipt Notes
c size d sale don't = do not
5 borrow and lend he's got = he has got
e sign f try
a borrow b lend he's been = he has been
g fitting room h fit
c use d use/borrow he's new = he is new
i suit
e use/borrow f use/borrow
g lend h borrow Notes 4 Past tenses
don't = do not a How7long has he been in his job
Notes (for)?
doesn't = does not
I'll = I will b When did she go to college?
4 Ages and lengths c How long have you been here
6 Office equipment
a A four year-old daughter,
Project (for)?
team b A forty-nine year-old father, d When did he join the
le ad e r You c A twenty-six year-old colleague,
department?
Th e basics d A thirty-seven year-old boss, e How long has she been with the
Calculator e A fifteen-minute phone call,
company (for)?
Hole punch / f A ten-day business trip,
Mouse mat g A two-year contract, Note
Scissors / h A twenty-minute taxi ride. I've = I have
Staplers /
Post-it holder
Sticky tape holder

Answers 131
U N IT 29 Your office building 2 The Simple Passive e Six and a half kilos
a It isn't started like that, f One point seven five kilometres
1 Directions in a building b Is it plugged in here? g One kilometre seventy-five
a way b wrong c The screen isn't cleaned like that, h One and three-quarter kilometres
c Which d where d How are the windows opened? i One point two metres by thirty-
e above f down to e Are they opened like this? seven point six centimetres
g out of h at the end of f The batteries are changed like j Seven point one centimetres by
i on this. four point eight centimetres by
2 far, a long way, etc. g It isn't switched on like that, twelve point six centimetres
(possible answers) h It's shut like this.
3 Adjectives (possible answers)
a far/far b far Note i a extra large
c a long way d far isn't = is not b green
e a long way/far f a long way/far c metal
3 Adverbs of frequency
g alongway/far h far/a long way d nylon
a It doesn't usually stop like that,
Notes b He doesn't often work in the e terrific
Addis Ababa is the capital of evening, f awful
Ethiopia. Cape Town is the capital of c Are they always late? g expensive
South Africa. Nairobi is the capital of d Does he ever visit the gym? h out of stock
Kenya. Kinshasa is the capital of the e Do you sometimes travel first i model (number)
Democratic Republic of the Congo. class? ii a a cheap metal hole punch
Rabat is the capital of Morocco. f I've never met the MD. b a blue plastic pen
Tripoli is the capital of Libya. g Have you always been in this c an awful yellow filing cabinet
department? d a small green wooden chair
3 Indirect/embedded questions
e an extra large blue woollen
a ... which floor it's on? Notes
shirt
b ... if this is the right floor? doesn't = does not
c ... when it opens? I've = I have 4 Questions (possible answers)
d ... how far it is? a they available in
4 Phrasal verbs
e ... where the lift is? b How big is
a How did you switch it on?
f ... if it's on the left or the right? c is it made of
b When did you switch them off?
g ... if this is the quickest way? d what kind of wood
c How did you turn it on?
e is there
4 Prepositions d Why did you turn them off? f Do you have them in
a into b through, to e Where did you plug it in?
g How much is
c up to d out of f When did you switch it off?
h when could you
e to f into
g on h back to Notes
i down to j across, into U N IT 31 Requesting information melamine = synthetic material used
in making furniture
1 A sales enquiry
I'll = I will
Order form
U N IT 30 How things work get back to you = contact you again
Product: fabHe.
1 Trouble shooting No. ordered: c^e- 5 Some office furniture
a m b m Model no.: FC U-000X (possible answers)
c m dm Size: lar&e- drawer unit filing cabinet
e 0 f a Colour: Mue. meeting table shelf unit
g 0 h m Material: wood storage cupboard swivel chair
2 Measurements and dimensions filing tray hole punch
Note a One point two five metres rubbish bin desk lamp
can't = cannot b One metre twenty-five wall planner wall clock
c One and a quarter metres
d Six point five kilos

132 ANSWERS
U N IT 32 Staying in a hotel U N IT 33 Booking conference c Roma d Eire
e Greece f Rossiya
1 Booking a hotel room facilities
(possible answers) 3 24-hour clock (possible answers)
1 Conference arrangements
a Conference Room C for 7 May b Global Tours flight GA 708 for
subject: Mitropoulis Booking
b equipment hire Johannesburg departs at 07.30
Dear Sir/Madam (seven thirty) and arrives at 13.15
c equipment hire
I am writing to confirm the d tea and coffee (thirteen fifteen),
telephone booking we made earlier c Skyways International flight ST
today. The booking is for two double 2 Arranging conference facilities 309 for Moscow departs at 19.20
rooms for next weekend, arriving a We're looking for (nineteen twenty) and arrives at
Saturday 12 June and departing b is it for 12.45 (twelve forty-five),
Monday 14 June. The booking is in c Between fifteen d Euro Continental flight EK 114
the name of Mr Mitropoulis. d too big for Cairo leaves at 11.00 (eleven
Kind regards e eleven metres long and seven hundred) hours and arrives at
metres wide 18.40 (eighteen forty),
Tina Patel f From ten to six. e Trans Globe flight TG 588 to
Asia Travel g £850 per day Melbourne departs at 08.20
2 Reflexive pronouns h include coffee (eight twenty) and arrives at
(possible answers) i extra 22.00 (twenty two hundred)
a No, thanks. I'll post them myself, Notes hours.
b No. He parked it himself, we're = we are f Continental Airways flight
c No, thanks. She'll clean them that's = that is number CA 512 for Bombay
herself, leaves at 13.00 (thirteen
3 too small, not big enough hundred) hours and arrives at
d No, thanks. We can carry (possible answers)
ourselves, 23.50 (twenty-three fifty).
a The room isn't big enough. / The
e No, thank you. I'll wash it myself. room is too small, 4 when!as soon as + the Simple
Note b The room is too big. Present
I'll = I will c The room is about the right size, a I'll contact you when I have the
d The room is too big. details.
3 how/what (a); soIsuch
e The room is about the right size, b I'll phone you as soon as the
a How b What
f The room is too small. / The room tickets are ready,
c so d What
isn't big enough. c As soon as I have the money, I'll
e such f How
Note buy a new car.
g so h How, What
isn't = is not d When I know the price, I'll tell
4 Filling in a form for someone you.
(possible answers) e I'll visit the museum as soon as I
What is your name, please? U N IT 34 Organising a trip have time,
How long is your stay? f When I can speak English, I'll
How many are there in your party? 1 Organising a trip visit New York.
What is your address? a Paris.
b Business class return. Notes
What is your nationality? I'll = I will
Could you tell me your car c Any time to arrive before twelve
on Thursday. 5 would (possible answers)
registration number? a Yes, it would. It would be
Could you give me your passport d At 05.50.
e At 10.50. cheaper.
number?
Do you know where you are going f No, Ocean Air.
next? g Return.
Where was it issued? h €850.
How do you want to pay? 2 Spelling and pronunciation
a Athinai b Prague

Answers 133
 b No, it wouldn't. It wouldn't be Have you had any accidents in the 3 Changes, instead
possible to go by underground, last three years? (possible answers)
c No, it wouldn't. It wouldn't be Have you had any convictions in the a He's travelling on Tuesday instead
practical to walk, last five years? of Monday,
d No, I wouldn't. I wouldn't like to What is your company purchase b He's travelling on 28th May
have a chauffeur, order reference? instead of 27th.
e Yes, I would. I would prefer to What is your passport number? c His flight is leaving at 15.35
work at home sometimes, Do you want to pay by credit card, instead of 11.15.
f Yes, I would. I would prefer to get bu travellers cheque, in cash? d He's sitting in a window seat
a lift from a friend. Notes instead of an aisle seat,
Notes Tel no. = telephone number; e His ticket costs £610 instead of
i underground (UK) = subway co = company; Ref = Reference; £330.
(US); wouldn't = would not Convictions = mistakes punished by 4 more, less
ii Compare: Walking would take the court; Hire Company = company a more b less
about an hour. / It would take about hiring out the cart; Hirer = the c more d more
an hour to walk. person hiring the car e less f less
6 Comparing plane, train, bus 3 seem/sound/look g less
(possible answers) (possible answers) Notes
A: How much is it by train a ii/iii/vi b vii tax = income tax
B: It's €160 one way, €310 return. c iv d i pw = per week
A: Is there a cheaper way? e V f iii/vi
5 Vocabulary
B: You could go by bus, but it would g ii/iii change - cancel - postpone
be slower. morning - afternoon - evening
4 Comparisons w ith like
A: How much is it by bus? boarding card - passport - ticket
(possible answers)
B: €105 return. salary - tax - expenses
a not likeb not like
A: How long does it take? day - week - month
c like d not like
B: Thirty-six hours. check-in - departure - arrival
A: I'll go by train. single - one way - return
B: OK. I'll call you when I have the U N IT 36 Returning home
tickets. Note
1 Back from a trip ref. no. = reference number
(possible answers)
6 want + object pronoun +
U N IT 35 Hiring a car a It was hard work but very
infinitive
interesting,
1 Hiring a car a She wants/asked him to
b Yesterday evening,
a [NG] b m photocopy the report,
c He wanted the sales manager to
c m d 0 b He wants/asked them to come to
come back for the conference,
e 0 f 0 the meeting,
d He is the boss.
g 0 h 0 c He wants/asked us to cancel the
e He had to upgrade to first class to
i m j s arrangements,
get a flight,
k [N G l 1 E d She wants/asked you to postpone
f She thinks it's too complicated,
the trip.
2 Filling in a form g Deliveries take too long,
e They want/asked me to make
(possible answers) h Tomorrow morning.
some coffee,
What's your name?
2 I'm afraid so/I'm afraid not f You want/asked me to type this
What's your address? letter.
(possible answers)
What's your telephone number?
a I'm afraid not. b I'm afraid so. g They want/asked her to check if
What's your licence number? there are any seats.
c I'm afraid so. d I'm afraid not.
Who was it issued by?
e I'm afraid not. f I'm afraid so.
When does it expire?
What's your date of birth? g I'm afraid so.
What's your occupation?

134 ANSWERS
Audioscripts

U N IT 1 About you - She's assistant head of the legal department. She's

a lawyer.
1 Telephone numbers Notes
733 046 2100 Monsieur (French) = Mr
257 08439 It's = it is
01062 8844 What's - What is
236177
06555291
628 35092 U N IT 3 About where you work
2 Dialogues Saying what you do and where you work
Dialogue 1 I work in an office in the centre of town. I'm the Sales
- Excuse me, are you Eddie Yuna from BIT? Manager. Our address is 97 Morton Street - we're on the
- No, I'm not. fourth floor. We also have a warehouse near the airport.
- I'm sorry. We don't have a cafeteria and there aren't any restaurants
- That's OK. My name's Kurt Jarvis. I'm from or cafes in Morton Street, but there are about 15 in River
Key Trading in Hong Kong. What's your name? Street.
Dialogue 2 Note
- Hi, I'm Tina Awola. don't = do not
- It's nice to meet you, Tina. Where are you from? 2 Cardinal numbers.
- I work for the International Credit Bank, in Lagos. - 20 twenty
1 one
- What do you do? 21 twenty-one
2 two
- I'm a sales rep. Here's my card. What do you do at the 22 twenty-two
3 three
International Credit Bank? 4 four 23 twenty-three
- I'm in the legal department. I'm a lawyer. 5 five 24 twenty-four
Notes 6 six
25 twenty-five
that's = that is, my name's - my name is 7 seven 26 twenty-six
here's = here is 8 eight 27 twenty-seven
9 nine 28 twenty-eight
29 twenty-nine
10 ten
U N IT 2 About your job 11 eleven 30 thirty
40 forty
1 Listening for key information 12 twelve
13 thirteen 50 fifty
Dialogue 1
14 fourteen 60 sixty
- Claude Dumas is an accountant, but he works for a law
15 fifteen 70 seventy
firm, called Rhodes Associates. It's an American firm,
16 sixteen 80 eighty
with European offices in Zurich, Berlin and Monaco.
17 seventeen 90 ninety
- Where does Monsieur Dumas work?
100 a hundred
- He's an accounts manager at the Monaco office. 18 eighteen
Dialogue 2 19 nineteen
- Mrs Mila Benedict works for an insurance company 3 Ordinal numbers
called Saffer Security. It's a multinational company. She first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth,
works in Ottawa, where the company has its head ninth, tenth
office. She's Canadian.
- What's her position in the company?

Audioscripts 135
U N IT 4 Your business activities UN IT 7 Meeting and welcomin
1 Dialogue 1 Greetings and introductions
- What does your company do? e.g. Speaker 1: Hello, Maria. How are you?
- We're in the computer business. We import Maria: Oh, hi. I'm very well. How are you?
programmes from the States and Japan. a Walt Simpson: Mekka, this is Walt Simpson.
- Where do you do most of your business? Mekka: It's nice to meet you.
- About eighty per cent of our business is in Walt Simpson: It's nice to meet you, too.
Western Europe. b Angie Blep: Hello, my name is Angie Blep.
- Do you do much business in the Middle East? Glen Turno: Welcome to KPG. I'm Glen Turno.
- No, not much. c Speaker 1: Good morning.
- How are things going at the moment? Speaker 2: Hello, good morning.
- Very well. We're selling a new programmes for Speaker 1: It's a beautiful day.
managers in medium-sized companies, and it's going d John Ginene: Mr Kuomi, this is John Ginene,
very well. the manager.
Mr Kuomi: How do you do?
John Ginene: How do you do, Mr Kuomi?
U N IT 5 The location of your company e Rob: Hi, I'm Rob.
1 Reading a m ap: compass points Jan: Hi, I'm Jan.
Manchester is about a hundred and sixty miles north-west Rob: Pleased to meet you, Jan.
of London - that's about two hundred and sixty f Speaker 1: Hello, I'm back.
kilometres. Speaker 2: It's nice to see you. How was your flight?
Dover is about sixty-five miles south-east of London - g Speaker 1: Mustafa, come and meet Gerry. Gerry, this
that's a hundred and five kilometres. is Mustafa.
Ipswich is also sixty-five miles away from London, to the Gerry: Hi Mustafa. It's nice to meet you.
north-east. h Speaker 1: Good afternoon Pierre.
Brighton is about sixty miles to the south of London - Pierre: Good afternoon.
ninety-seven kilometres. Speaker 1: How was your trip to Moscow?
N ote 1 kilometre = 1.609 miles
UN IT 8 The first tw o minutes
U N IT 6 The layout of your company 1 A chance m eeting in Japan
1 Identifying a building - How do you like Tokyo?
- What's that place opposite the main gate? - I really like it. It's very interesting.
- It's our service centre. Maintenance are on the - Is this your first visit to Japan?
first floor. - Yes, it is.
- Do you have a showroom? - How long are you here for?
- Yes, that place on the right of the main gate is a - Three days.
showroom. The one on the left of the gate is the admin - When are you leaving?
block. And that building past the admin block on the - On Tuesday evening.
left is a conference centre. - Well, nice talking to you. Enjoy your stay.
- Where's your production? - Thanks. Nice talking to you too. Bye.
- It's behind that service centre in front of us.
- Oh ... And do you have a car park?
- Yes, it's next to the production building, between the
U N IT 9 Partings and thanks
showroom and Goods Inwards. Goods Inwards and 1 Goodbyes and thanks
Stores are in a building just behind the car park. - Hi John. I have the documents here, but I need
- Do you test your products on the site? your signature.
- Yes, the testing area is down there. Go down there and - OK.
it's next to the conference centre. - Sign here and here, please.
N ote What's = What is - Right.
Speaker 2 has a US accent

136 AUDIOSCRIPTS
 - Thanks, I'll post them today, so I'll have an answer UNIT 11 Confirming arrangements
on Monday.
- I'll be in New York on Monday, but I'll call you 1 Confirm ing tim e and place
from there. C a lll
- When are you leaving? - Can I help you?
- Tomorrow afternoon. - Yes, I'm calling to check the time of Tuesday's meeting.
- Well, have a good flight and thanks for your help. - It's at 11.30.
- You're welcome. - Do you know where it is yet?
- Don't forget to call me. - No, I'm afraid we don't.
- I won't. - Can you let me know?
- And remember me to your wife. - Yes, of course.
- I will. Bye. Call 2
- Hello.
- I'm phoning about Wednesday's meeting.
U N IT 10 Setting up a meeting - Yes, how can I help you?
1 Two m eetings - Do you know if it's at ten or eleven yet?
Call 1 - Yes, it's at ten.
- Carla, how are you? - Thanks, and is it still in Room 317?
- OK. How are you? - Let me check ...Yes, it is.
- Not bad. Are you OK for the budget meeting on - Thank you.
the 12th? - You're welcome.
- When is it?
- At 11.30. UNIT 12 Changing plans
- I'm afraid I can't make it. I'm in Geneva on the 11th 1 why an d because
and I won't be back in the office on the 12th till 2.30 Dialogue 1
or 3.00. - We have a problem.
- Is Luke free? - What's that?
I don't know. I'll ask him. - The sales director can't make the meeting on the 16th.
- Why not?
Call 2
- He'll be in the States.
- Is that Mr Galis?
- Will he be back on the 17th?
Yes, speaking.
- No. He won't be back until the 18th.
- This is Marilyn Vine. I have a message from
- Why don't we meet on the 18th?
Ben Bradley.
- OK, but we can't meet before lunch.
- Right.
- Why not?
- Can you make Friday at three o'clock?
- The conference room won't be free until three o'clock.
- Is that the sales meeting?
- OK, let's meet after three on the 18th.
- Yes, Mr Bradley wants to know if you can make it.
- Sure. Where are we meeting? Dialogue 2
- In the conference room on the third floor. - Can we change the time of next month's finance
- OK, thanks. I'll be there. meeting?
- When is it?
Notes
- It's on the 12th.
i it's = it is; there's = there is; let's = let us; don't = do not;
I'll = I will - And what's the problem?
- All the meeting rooms are reserved until lunchtime.
ii Note the use of this!that in phone calls:
- Can we have the meeting in the boardroom?
- Is that Mr Galis (= Are you ...?)
- No, it isn't free.
- This is Marilyn Vine (= I am ...)
- Why don't we meet in my office?
- But there are six people coming to the meeting.
- Oh - well, we'll have to start later.
- I'm afraid I can't make it later. I have a meeting with
Gark International in the afternoon.
- Can you change it?
- I'll have to find out.
Audioscripts 137
 Notes
Dialogue 1: what's = what is; can't = cannot; let's = let us.
Dialogue 2: it's = it is; isn't = is not.
U N IT 13 Dealing with the unexpected
1 Cancelling/postponing
a - I'm calling about Tuesday's meeting.
- Is there a problem?
- Yes, I'm afraid there is. The work isn't going to
be ready.
- What's the problem?
- We're having IT problems. Our email isn't working
and we have no connection to the Internet.
b - I'm afraid I'm not going to make Wednesday's
appointment.
- Where are you?
- I'm still in Sao Paulo. There's a security alert - all
flights are cancelled.
c - Could we put off Thursday's meeting?
- I think that would be OK. What's the problem?
- Well, I promised the sales director that I would finish
an analysis of recent sales. But it's taking me a bit
longer than I expected.
- That's fine. Call me when the job is finished, and
we'll re-arrange the meeting.
d - I'm calling to see if we can postpone Friday's
conference call with Delhi.
- What's the problem?
- I'm afraid I've got flu. The doctor has told me to take
a complete break for the rest of the week. So I won't
be back until next Monday.
U N IT 14 Explaining and apologising
1 Explanations and apologies
a - I'm sorry I missed the meeting.
- Don't worry. Is everything OK?
- No - one of our key customers called. There's a
problem with a delivery. I had to sort it out. I'm
really sorry.
- That's OK.
- I tried to call but I didn't have your number in my
address book.
b - I apologise for forgetting our conference call
yesterday.
- Was there a problem?
- Yes - my son has a bad cough so I had to take him to
the doctor.
- Oh dear...
- The doctor sent us to the hospital. I'm afraid I just
forgot. I am sorry.
138 AUDIOSCRIPTS
- That's OK - don't worry. How is your son now?
c - Did you contact Mr Zarh?
- No, I'm afraid I didn't.
- Oh dear - what happened?
- Well, I was very busy, and then I had to take a client
to the airport. I sent him an email but he didn't reply.
Note
sort it out = sort the problem out, solve the problem.
UN IT 15 Making contact by phone
1 Getting through
a - Can I speak to someone in the accounts department,
please?
- One moment, please. You're through now.
b - Could I speak to Bernard Lutz's secretary, please?
- I'm afraid she's on the phone at the moment.
Hold on, please. I'm putting you through now.
c - Is that the sales department?
- No, this is the HR department. I'll connect you to
Sales.
d - Could you put me through to the legal department,
please?
- I'm sorry, there's no one there at the moment.
- That's OK, I'll call back later.
- Just a moment, please. I can connect you now.
Notes
hold on = wait; put through = connect; call back = try
again later or return a call; HR = human resources
U N IT 16 Dealing with incoming calls
1 Dealing w ith calls
Call 1
Caller 1: Good morning, can I speak to Brenda, please?
Sarah: I'm afraid she's in a meeting at the moment.
Caller 1: Do you know when she'll be free?
Sarah: I'm sorry, I don't know when the meeting's going
to finish. Can I ask her to call you?
Call 2
Caller 2: Hello, is Dave there?
Sarah: No, I'm afraid he's out with some customers.
Caller 2: When do you expect him back?
Sarah: At about 3.30.
Call 3
Caller 3: Do you know how I can contact Jane?
Sarah: She's out of the office today. Do you have her
mobile number?
Caller 3: Yes. I tried it. My calls went through to her mail
box. Do you have her email address?
Sarah: It's jane.c@lrc.com
 Call 4 - I don't think so.
Caller 4: Can I speak to Ms Opres, please? - Can I check your address. I sent it to
Sarah: I think you are through to the wrong extension. schwenck.j@euronic.de
Caller 4: Could you transfer me? - No, it's 'schwenckj' - one word. There's no dot
Sarah: I'm sorry but I'm in a meeting at the moment. before the j.
Could you possibly call back in about half an hour? c - Hello. I'm trying to ring a Madrid number, but it's
Note always engaged.
she'll = she will; she's = she is - Just a moment. I'll try the number for you. It's
ringing for you now.
- Thank you.
U N IT 17 Leaving and taking messages d - I'm trying to get through to a Belfast number but
1 Telephone messages there's no reply.
Call 1 - What number are you ringing?
- Can I speak to Andrew? - It's Belfast 126.
- I'm afraid he isn't here at the moment. Can I take - I'm afraid the phone is out of order,
a message? e - Did you get my email?
- Thank you. Could you tell him that Jan called. - We have a problem with our system at the moment. I
- Does he have your number? can't access my mailbox.
- I'm on my mobile - the number is 793172. - When did you send it?
I'm returning his call. - About an hour ago.
- Sorry, I didn't catch your name. f - Imco.
- It's Jan, Jan Peto-that's P-E-T-O. - Oh, hello. Can I speak to Pierre Belon?
- I'll give him the message. - I'm sorry, but we have no Pierre Belon here.
- Thanks - I'll be in town till about six. - I'm sorry, I must have the wrong number,
Call 2 g - Did you send that report.
- Hello. - Yes - 1 sent it about an hour ago. It went OK.
- Is that Tania Lantos. - It's not in my inbox. Could you resend it, please?
- No, this is Emma Ford speaking. Can I help you? - I'll do it now.
- Yes, do you know when Tania will be in?
- Well, she should be in later this afternoon. Can I give
her a message?
U N IT 19 Drinks and snacks
- Thank you. Could you ask her to call ASK's Controller 1 Offering drinks and snacks
on 3245 - as soon as she gets in. a - Did you have anything to eat on the plane?
- Yes, of course. Could you give me the number again? - No, I just had a cup of coffee.
- Yes, it's 3245. OK? - Well, let me get you something. What about
- Yes, I'll ask her to call when she gets in. some sandwiches?
- Thanks, bye. - Thanks. That would be great.
- Bye. b - So, how do you like your coffee?
Notes - White, no sugar, please.
it's = it is - Cream? Milk?
- Milk, please.
- And then sandwiches. I think these must be cheese.
U N IT 18 Email and telephone problems These ones are egg, and these are ham.
1 Problem s - Thanks. I'll have one of these,
a - Hello, is that Claudia. Hello ... c - Another cup?
- Yes, can you hear me? - Yes, please.
- You're breaking up. Could you speak up, please? - And you must try some of this.
- My battery is low. I'll call you on a land line. I'll find - What is it.
a payphone. - It's a kind of pastry. Try it.
b - Is there a problem with your email? I sent you a - Mmm. It's delicious.
message and it bounced back.

Audioscripts 139
 d Speaker 1: The two black coffees are for Jope and
Pieter.
Jope: Thanks
Speaker 1: Who is having the white coffee?
Speaker 2: That's for Alan.
Alan: With sugar.
Speaker 1: Sugar is on the table.
Alan: Thanks.
Speaker 1: And who is the tea for?
Speaker 2:1think that's mine - with milk.
Speaker 1: That's right. So, whose is this one?
Speaker 2: It must be yours.
UNIT 2 0 Eating out
1 Booking a table and ordering a meal
Dialogue 1
A: Bistrol 20. Can I help you?
B: Yes. Can I book a table for Thursday night - that's June
30th - in the name of Gachot. That's G-A-C-H-O-T.
A: Yes, of course. For how many people?
B: Just two.
A: And when would you like to come?
B: At 8.30?
A: Can I have your telephone number?
B: Yes, it's 345666.
Dialogue 2
C: Right, what shall we have? The steaks are very good
here and I can recommend the pasta. Would you like
a starter?
B: Yes, I think I'll have the spaghetti.
C: I'll have the mushroom soup. And then what would
you like?
B: I'd like some fish. I'll have the salmon.
C: OK, and I'll have the steak.
W: Good evening. Are you ready to order?
C: Yes, we are. Can we start with the spaghetti and the
mushroom soup. Then the salmon in white wine for
my friend and a steak for me.
W: Thank you, sir. And how would you like your steak?
C: Medium, please.
W: And would you like vegetables or salad?
C: Let's have the vegetables.
W: Thank you, and would you like any wine?
C: Yes, please. Half a bottle of dry white wine and half a
bottle of the house red.
Notes
let's = let us
140 AUDIOSCRIPTS
UNIT 21 Outings and sightseeing
1 A visit to Riga
A: Have you been to Riga before?
B: Yes, but not since 2001. That was many years ago.
A: I suppose things have changed a lot since then.
B: They certainly have. Our business in Latvia has grown
and grown. It's now our biggest market in the Baltic
States. Three years ago, we didn't do any business in
Latvia at all.
A: And have you spent any time in the other states?
B: Yes, I was in Lithuania last year, but we haven't done
much business there yet.
A: Do you have any free time this afternoon?
B: Yes, my last meeting ends at 2.15.
A: Would you like to go for a drive around the city?
B: Thanks - I'd enjoy that very much.
A: Where's your meeting?
B: In my hotel.
A: I'll pick you up at 2.30.
B: I'll see you then.
U N IT 22 Starting a journey
1 Right and wrong (possible answers)
a - Am I in the right queue for the Dallas flight?
- No, this is the check-in for Toronto. I think the Dallas
check-in is over there.
b - Is this the right bus stop for the city terminal?
- No, this is for the main station. Buses for the city
terminal go from outside the Terminal 1 building.
c - Excuse me, am I on the right platform for the
London train?
- No, this is for Manchester. You need Platform 2.
It's just over there.
d - Excuse me, am I in the right place? I'm meeting
someone from Istanbul.
- No, this is the departures hall. You need the arrivals
hall. It's at the other end of the building.
Notes
Dallas is a city in Texas; Toronto is a city in Canada;
Manchester is a city in England.
Several speakers in the exercise have non-standard
accents.
UNIT 2 3 Travelling
1 In transit
A: I think that's my seat belt.
B: I'm sorry. This one must be mine.
A: Are you going to Oslo on business?
 B: Yes, I am. I'm going to a conference.
A: Have you been before?
B: Yes, many times.
A: How do you like it?
B: Very much. What about you?
A: Yes, I love Norway.
B: Do you know when they serve lunch?
A: Quite soon, I think.
B: Good. I'm very hungry.
A: So am I.
B: And do you know when we are due in?
A: I think we're due in at 7.30, in five hours.
Notes
i that's = that is
ii Speaker A has a slight US accent. Speaker B has a
non-standard accent.
U N IT 24 Arriving and meeting contacts
1 Meeting som eone at the airport
E: Hello, Janet. Good to see you again.
J: And you, Ed. How are you?
E: I'm fine.
J: Did you have a good flight?
E: It was OK, but we were delayed for three-quarters of
an hour. There was a lot of snow on the runway.
J: We were getting worried about you.
E: Well, I'm here now! Where are we going?
J: Shall I take you to your hotel first? After that, we could
have dinner.
E: That's a good idea. I didn't eat very much on the plane.
J: So you must be hungry. My car is in the short-stay car
park - this way.
U N IT 25 Gifts and saying thank you
1 Gifts and thanks
Dialogue 1
A: This is for you.
B: Thank you very much. It's beautiful, but can I ask what
it is?
A: Yes, of course. It's a corkscrew.
B: It's very unusual. Thank you very much. And now
there's something I would like to give you.
Dialogue 2
A: That was a great match. I really enjoyed it.
B: So did I. You must tell me when you're coming next
time and I'll get some more tickets.
A: Thanks, I'll look forward to that.
B: Can I give you a lift back to your hotel?
A: Thanks.
Dialogue 3
A: Come in. Thank you for coming.
B: Well, thank you for inviting me. These are for you.
I hope you like Belgian chocolates.
A: I love them. Thank you very much. Let me take
your coat.
B: Thank you.
Dialogue 4
A: Thank you very much for inviting me this evening.
I've really enjoyed it.
B: It was our pleasure.
A: And next time you are in Birmingham, you must come
and have dinner with us.
B: Thank you, we'll look forward to that.
Note
Speaker A in Dialogue 4 has a non-standard accent.
UN IT 26 Checking facilities and information
1 Asking about facilities
a - Is there a conference phone we can use?
- There's one in meeting room four, but I'm not sure
it's available at the moment. I think someone is
using it.
b - Excuse me, this scanner isn't working. There's
something wrong with the reading mechanism.
It's only registering black and white. Who should
I speak to?
- Try calling IT support. They're on 411.
- Thanks.
c - Is there a meeting room on this floor that we
can use?
- There is, but it isn't available till after lunch. Some
people are using it.
- That's fine. Do I have to book it?
- I can do that for you. Who is it for?
- The RNT project team.
d - Could you do something for me? I'm working with
Jareck. He said I should speak to you.
- Sure. How can I help?
- Could you print four copies of this report? It's on
this disc.
- No problem. When do you need it?
- In about half an hour.
- I'll do it now.
e - Excuse me, could I uses your stapler? We're working
in Joanna's office.
- Sure - no problem. Please, bring it back.
f - Excuse me, can I borrow your security pass. I need to
get to the toilets. I've got a day pass, but it won't let
me back in.
Audioscripts 141
 - Why don't you call security? UN IT 29 Your office building
- I did, but they said I can't have a staff pass.
1 Directions in a building
- Excuse me, is this the right way for the training
U N IT 27 Shopping department?
- I'm afraid you're on the wrong floor.
1 Buying presents
- Which floor do I need?
- Can you help me? I'd like to buy some presents for
- I'm not sure where it is. I think it's above the
my children.
boardroom. Take the lift down to the third floor. When
- How old are they?
you come out of the lift, turn left. It's at the end of the
- Five and eight.
corridor, on the right. Do you have a swipe card?
- Boys or girls.
- No, I'm a visitor.
- One boy and one girl.
- Then, you'll have to press the green button. Are they
- What about T-shirts?
expecting you?
- Yes, my daughter would like one of those ... She is the
- Yes, Reception called them. Thanks for your help.
elder one. What does it say on the front?
- That's OK. The lift is that way ...
- It says T love Moscow'.
- How much are they? Notes
- They are three hundred and twenty roubles. you're = you are
- Do you have a medium size?
- Yes, we do. What colour would you like?
- I think she would like a yellow one.
U N IT 30 How things work
- And what would your son like? 1 Trouble shooting
- Have you got any toy cars? He loves cars. - Excuse me, do you know how to use this shredder?
- Yes, they are on the shelf behind you. - Where are the instructions?
- Right. How much is the Porsche? - Here they are.
- A hundred and fifty roubles. - What does it say?
- Yes, I think he'll like th a t... - It says that if the machine doesn't work, check that it's
- Shall I gift wrap them for you? plugged in and switched on.
- Yes, please. - Is it plugged in?
- And how would you like to pay? - Yes, it is.
- By credit card. Do you accept Diners Club? - Is it switched on?
- Yes, we do. Could you sign here, please? Thank you. - I think so.
Your card and your receipt. - Ah, no, it isn't. Look. Shall I show you?
- Yes, please.
- You switch it on like this. There, it's working.
UN IT 28 Your colleagues - Thanks for your help.
1 Giving personal details
- Which one is your boss?
- He's the middle-aged one, with grey hair.
U N IT 31 Requesting information
- What's his position in the company? 1 A sales enquiry
- He's the managing director. (on the telephone)
- How long has he been with the company? - I have your brochure here, and I'd like to order a table.
- About six years, I think. I'm not sure. - Is there a reference number?
- Is he married? - Yes, it's FC 4000X.
- No, I don't think so. I think he's divorced. - Right, how can I help you?
- Has he got any children? - Well, could you tell me how big they are?
- I don't think so. - That model is available in three sizes: large, medium
- Where does he live? and small. The medium one is out of stock at the
- I think he lives in a house near the centre. moment.
Note - How big is the large one?
what's = what is - It's two point eight metres by ninety-five centimetres.
- What colour is it?

142 AUDIOSCRIPTS
 - It's available in blue and red. - Yes, it's free from the 5th to the 15th.
- Have you got it in brown? - Right, I'd like to book it for the 7th.
- Not at the moment. The brown one is out of stock. - All day?
- I see. Are they made of wood? - Yes, please.
- At the moment, it's only available in metal or plastic. - Do you supply AV equipment?
The wooden one is out of stock. - Yes, we do.
- When will you have them in wood? - Is that included in the price?
- Next week. - No, it's extra.
- OK, I'll order a large wooden one. - OK - could you confirm this in writing and attach a list
- What colour? of your charges?
- Blue. - Yes, of course. Do you need any refreshments?
- Right, madam. - Yes - in your quote could you include coffee and tea
Note and a simple buffet lunch?
The customer has a US accent; the sales assistant has a - Right...
non-standard accent.
U N IT 34 Organising a trip
UNIT 32 Staying in a hotel 1 Organising a trip
1 Booking a hotel room - I'd like a return ticket to Paris.
- This is Asia Travel. Have you got four single rooms? - Business class or economy?
- I'm afraid we only have two single rooms available - Business class.
tonight. - When do you want to travel?
- It's not for tonight. It's for the weekend. - On Thursday. I need to be there before lunch.
- This weekend? - There's an Ocean Air flight. It leaves at 05.50 from
- Yes, Saturday the 12th to Monday the 14th of June. Istanbul Ataturk airport and arrives at Charles De
- The single rooms are all booked this weekend. Gaulle airport at 10.50.
- What about double rooms? - How much is the ticket going to cost?
- Yes, you can have two double rooms - on Saturday and - It's €575 one way and €850 return.
Sunday night. - I'd like a return please, with the return details left open.
- Have they got bathrooms? Will you let me know when you have the ticket?
- All our rooms have en suite bathrooms. - This is a e-ticket. You just shown your passport at the
- Good, can I book them now? check-in. We'll email you the itinerary as soon as the
- Yes, what name is i t ,please? booking is confirmed.
- Asia Travel. The client is Mr Mitropoulis. That's
M-I-T-R-O-P-O-U-L-I-S. We'll send you confirmation.
U N IT 35 Hiring a car
1 Hiring a car
UNIT 33 Booking conference facilities - I'd like to hire a car.
1 Conference arrangements - What size car do you want?
- I need a room for a meeting. It's not a big meeting, - I'd like something like a Honda Civic.
we're expecting seven or eight people. - When do you want it?
- Conference Room C would be fine for your meeting. - This Thursday.
- How big is it? - And how long do you want it for?
- It's 8.5 metres long. When is the meeting? - Five days.
- On the 4th of next month. - We have a Toyota that might suit you.
- Oh, I'm afraid Room C isn't available on the 4th. - Which model is it?
Conference Room A is available - it's free from the - It's a Carina XL Estate.
4th to the 19th of next month, but it's too big. - That sounds OK. How much is it?
- How big is it? - It's $120 per day.
- Oh, it's very big. It's 21 metres long. - Does that include insurance?
- Is Room C free on the 7th? - It includes insurance, VAT and unlimited mileage.

Audioscripts 143
 - That seems reasonable.
- Can you fill in this form then, please?
- Right.
Notes
I'd = I would
then = in that case
VAT = Value-added Tax (UK sales tax)

U N IT 36 Returning home
1 Back from a trip
- Welcome back! How was your irip?
- It was hard work but very interesting.
- When did you get back?
- Yesterday evening. I was booked to fly back on Friday,
but Ivan wanted me to be here for the conference. So, I
flew back yesterday instead. I managed to reschedule.
- Did you have to pay extra?
- Yes, I had to upgrade to first class to get a flight.
- Well. Ivan's the boss ... How was Amelia?
- She's well - she sends you her regards.
- Thanks. What does she think of the new ordering
system? Does she think it will work?
- I'm afraid not. She says it's too complicated. Deliveries
take too long.
- So the problem is delivery times.
- I'm afraid so.
- We need to debrief. When will your report be ready?
- Tomorrow morning.
Note
to debrief = to meet and discuss the information

144 AUDIOSCRIPTS
Track timings

U nit 1 Track 1 U nit 13 Track 25 U nit 25 Track 49

Track 2 Track 26 Track 50
U nit 2 Track 3 U n it 14 Track 27 U nit 26 Track 51
Track 4 Track 28 Track 52
U nit 3 Track 5 U n it 15 Track 29 U nit 27 Track 53
Track 6 Track 30 Track 54
U nit 4 Track 7 U n it 16 Track 31 U nit 28 Track 55
Track 8 Track 32 Track 56
U n it 5 Track 9 U n it 17 Track 33 U nit 29 Track 57
Track 10 Track 34 Track 58
U n it 6 Track 11 U n it 18 Track 35 U nit 30 Track 59
Track 12 Track 36 Track 60
U n it 7 Track 13 U nit 19 Track 37 U nit 31 Track 61
Track 14 Track 38 Track 62
u n it 8 Track 15 U nit 20 Track 39 U nit 32 Track 63
Track 16 Track 40 Track 64
U n it 9 Track 17 U n it 21 Track 41 U n it 33 Track 65
Track 18 Track 42 Track 66
U n it 10 Track 19 U n it 22 Track 43 U nit 34 Track 67
Track 20 Track 44 Track 68
U n it 11 Track 21 U n it 23 Track 45 U nit 35 Track 69
Track 22 Track 46 Track 70
u n it 12 Track 23 U n it 24 Track 47 u n it 36 Irack 71
Track 24 Track 48 Track 72

E n g lis h f o r BUSINESS LIFE

Elementary
C o u rse b o o k 0-462-00755-3
Self S tudy G uide (w ith CD) 0-462-00756-1
Trainer's M anual 0-462-00757-X
A u d io CD 0-462-00758-8

Pre-Intermediate
C o u rse b o o k 0-462-00759-6
S elf S tu d y G uide (w ith CD) 0-46200760-X
Trainer's M anual 0-462-00761-8
A u d io CD 0-462-00762-6

intermediate
C o u rse b o o k 0-462-00763-4
S elf S tu d y G uide (w ith CD) 0-462-00764-2
Trainer's M anual 0-462-00765-0
A u d io CD 0-462-00766-9

Upper Intermediate
C o u rse b o o k 0-462-00767-7
S elf S tu d y G uide (w ith CD) 0-462-00768-5
Trainer's M anual 0-462-00769-3
A u d io CD 0-462-00770-7
Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank the following for
their great help and advice in the preparation of
English for Business Life: Simon Ross, Lucy Brodie,
Jo Barker, Graham Hart and Teresa Miller.
We would also like to thank our business 'students'
from organisations including UPM-Kymmene Oyj,
Metso Paper, BEMIS, Peterson Packaging, Vattenfall,
the International M aritime Organisation, GE Finance,
ABN Amro (Investm ent Bank), Dresdner Kleinwort
Wasserstein (UI<), M atsushita Europe and M arketing
Akademie Hamburg for providing the inspiration and
feedback that underpins English for Business Life.
Finally, the authors would like to thank their families
for their support and forbearance during the writing
process! - Gerry, Ollie and Elly Badger; Helen Glavin
for hours of research; M iranda Glavin for her
invaluable input and support.

© M arshall Cavendish Ltd 2005

© ian B adger & Pete M enzies 2005 (Text only)

First published 2005 by M arshall C avendish Ltd

M arshall Cavendish is a m e m b e r o f th e Tim es P ublishing G roup
A ll rig hts reserved; no p a rt o f th is p u b lica tio n m ay be reproduced,
sto red in a retrieval system , tra n s m itte d in a n y fo rm , o r by any
m eans, e le ctron ic, m echanical, p h o to co p yin g , recording, or
otherw ise, w ith o u t th e p rio r w ritte n p e rm ission o f th e publishers.
M arshall Cavendish ELT
119 W a rdour S treet
London W 1F0U W
Photo acknowledgements
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 £V)S'NESS

w ritten by specialists in business English and communication who have

worked in a range of businesses, countries and cultures. English for Business
Life - Self-study guide focuses on the language you really need in your
business life

Specifically designed to be flexible and easy to use for independent

study and to yield the maximum results for the time you spend studying.

Each unit presents essential phrases supported by clear study notes

and practical exercises. The guide also includes:

• An easy to follow language reference section

» A glossary of key business-related terms
I * An answer key and audioscripts to support the
? I > practice material.

The full course satisfies the requirements o f

the Common European Framework (CEFA2),
BEC and equivalent global testing authorities.

‘i

J Y Y + Marshall Cavendish
• Education