Basic Drilling Engineering Equations - p.

3 p 2 LEN
Triplex Pump : Q=
4
d ( )
231
Hydrostati c Pr essure : P = 0.052 * Density * Depth

Double - Acting Duplex : Q=

p
(
2dL - dR
2 2 L E N
) Re ynolds Number : NRe =
929 r V d
2 231 m

Q DP dP t GEL
HHP = Gelled Mud : =
dL 300 (d2 - d1 )
Hydraulic Horsepower :
1,714

p 2 æ 1 ö
Pipe Internal Area : A PIPE = di For Max Hyd. HP : DPPARASITIC = ç ÷ DPPUMP
4 è m + 1ø

æ 2 ö
Annular Area : A ANN =
4
(
p 2
d 2 - d1
2
) Max Im pact Force : DPPARASITIC = ç ÷ DPPUMP
èm+ 2ø

p 2 æ 12 ö æ bbl ö
Pipe Capacity : VPIPE = d ç ÷ ç ÷ Im pact Force : FJ = 0.01732 Q r DPNOZ
4 è 231 * 42 ø è ft ø

d2 æ bbl ö DPNOZ
Pipe Capacity : VPIPE = ç ÷ Nozzle Velocity : VNOZ = 33.43
1,029.4 è ft ø rMUD

d 2 - d1
( )
2 2
æ bbl ö p 2
Annular Capacity : VANN = ç ÷ Nozzle Area : A NOZ _ TOT = d1 + d2 + d3 + ...
2 2

1,029.4 è ft ø 4

æ CPS Z A TA ö æ P + PS ö rMUD Q 2
Gas in Mud : DPRED = çç ÷÷ ln çç B ÷÷ Nozzle Pr essure Drop : DPNOZ =
è (100 - C) Z S TS
2
ø è PS ø 10,859 A NOZ _ TOT

æQ ö rMUD
C = Gas Volume as % of Total Volume Nozzle Area : ANOZ _ TOT _ OPT = ç OPT ÷
è 104.2 ø DPNOZ _ OPT

r MUD 4 A TOT
Buoyancy Factor for steel : BF = 1 - With 3 Nozzles : dNOZ =
r STEEL 3p

2
æ SPM 2 ö
Circulatin g Pr essure : P2 = P1 çç ÷÷ æ ö
è SPM1 ø ç log R ÷
æ rMUD _ NORMAL ö
dC = ç 60N ÷ ç ÷
ç 12W ÷ çr ÷
æ 1 1ö ç log 6 ÷ è MUD _ ACTUAL ø
Lifting Pipe : L = W ç1 + + ÷ è 10 DB ø
è En n ø

1.2
æ E 1ö P S éS æ P ö ù é dC _ OBSERVED ù
Lowering Pipe : L = W ç1 + + ÷ = - ê -ç ÷ ú ê ú
è n nø D D ëD è D øN û êë dC _ NORMAL úû
1.2
æn+ 4ö P S é S æ P ö ù é R OBSERVED ù
Load on Dead _ Line _ Leg : L D = W çç ÷÷ = -ê -ç ÷ ú ê ú
è 4n ø D D ë D è D ø N û ë R NORMAL û

1.2
P S é S æ P ö ù é CNORMAL ù
Wind Load,
lbf
: p = 0.004 V 2 (V in mph) = -ê -ç ÷ ú ê ú
ft 2 D D ë D è D ø N û ë C OBSERVED û

æ Dp
2
ö P S é S æ P ö ù é Dt NORMAL ù
3.0

Vae = ç 0.45 + ÷V = -ê -ç ÷ ú ê ú
ç DH - Dp ÷ø
2 2 PIPE
D D ë D è D ø N û ë Dt OBSERVED û
è
æ Dp - Di
2 2
ö
Vae = ç 0.45 + ÷V æS -Pö æ  ö P
ç F=ç ÷ çç ÷÷ +
DH - Dp + Di ÷ø
2 2 2 PIPE
è è D ø è1-  ø D

p.1 HCJ - May 30, 2002

 Basic Drilling Engineering Equations - p.2

Force
Stress = 1 ft 3 = 7.48 gal
Area
Force
Pr essure = 1 bbl = 42 gal
Area

Torque = Force * Arm 1 hp = 33,000 ft - lbf / min

Power = Force * Velocity 1 BTU = 779 ft - lbf

Power = Torque * Angular Velocity

rFLUID æ lb / gal ö
Specific Gravity = çç ÷÷
8.33 è lb / gal ø

Newtonian Model Bingham Plastic Model

dP mp V ty
dP mV = +
Laminar = Laminar dL 1,500 d 2
225 d
dL 1,500 d 2

dP mp V ty
dP mV = +
= dL 1,000 (d 2 - d1 ) 200 (d 2 - d1 )
dL 1,000 (d 2 - d1 )2
2

dP f r V 2 dP f r V 2
Turbulent = Turbulent =
dL 25 .8 d dL 25 .8 d

dP r 0.75 V 1.75 m 0.25 dP r V m p

0.75 1.75 0.25

= =
dL 1,800 d1.25 dL 1,800 d1.25

dP f rV2 dP f rV2
= =
dL 21.1(d2 - d1 ) dL 21.1(d2 - d1 )

r 0.75 V 1.75 m p
0.25
dP r 0.75 V 1.75 m 0.25 dP
=
=
dL 1,396 (d 2 - d1 )1.25 dL 1,396 (d 2 - d1 )1.25

1 æ S - S1 ö
PCC = çç P1 - ÷ (P1 - P2 ) r KILL = r OLD +
SIDPP
D.F. è S 2 - S1 ÷ø 0.052 D

1 æ 17,571 - 15,000 ö SICP - SIDPP

PCC = ç 3,660 - ÷ (3,660 - 3,590) r KICK = r OLD -
1.125. è 20,000 - 15,000 ø 0.052 hKICK

Pump Pr essure : PPUMP = DPS + DPDP + DPDC + DPNOZ + DPDC _ ANN + DPDP _ ANN + DPHYDROSTATIC

Mixtures : Mass = r1 V1 + r 2 V2 + r3 V3 + ... + rn Vn = (V1 + V2 + V3 + ... + Vn ) rMIX

p.2 HCJ - May 30, 2002

ACRONYMS

API American Petroleum Institute

APL annular pressure loss
bbls barrels
BHP bottom hole pressure
ECD equivalent circulating density
EMW equivalent mud weight

FIT formation integrity test

FP formation pressure
HP hydrostatic pressure
hp horse power
ID internal diameter
LOT leak off test
LWD logging while drilling
MASP maximum allowable surface pressure
MAASP maximum allowable annular surface pressure
MD measured depth (along the wellbore)
MWD measurement while drilling
OD outer diameter
ppg pounds per gal
psi pounds per square inch
psia psi absolute
psig psi gauge = psia - 14.7 (approx)
SICP shut-in casing pressure
SIDPP shut-in drillpipe pressure

TVD true vertical depth

 pM r = density lbm/gal
Density of Gas : r= p = absolute pressure psia
80 .3 Z T M = molecular weight
Z = gas deviation factor
o
T = absolute temperature R

M(D -D0 ) p = absolute pressure at depth D psia

p0 = absolute pressure at depth D0 psia
Pr essure : p = p0 e 1,544 Z T