 Lualhati T.

Bautista (born December 2, 1945) is one of the foremost Filipino female novelists in the history
of contemporary Philippine literature. Her novels include Dekada '70, Bata, Bata, Pa'no Ka Ginawa?,
and ‘GAPÔ.
 Nicanor S. Abelardo (February 7, 1893 – March 21, 1934) was a Filipino composer known for
his kundiman songs, especially before the Second World War.

 Nick Juaquin 1976 – Nick Joaquin, National Artist for Literature

 Nicomedes "Nick" Márquez Joaquín (May 4, 1917 – April 29, 2004) was a Filipino writer and journalist
best known for his short stories and novels in the English language. He also wrote using the pen
name Quijano de Manila.

 Liwayway A. Arceo (1924–1999) was a multi-awarded Tagalog fictionist, journalist, radio scriptwriter and
editor from the Philippines.

 Levi Celerio 1997 – Levi Celerio, National Artist for Music and Literature
 Levi Celerio (April 30, 1910 – April 2, 2002) was a Filipino composer and lyricist who is credited to
writing not less than 4,000 songs. Celerio was recognized as a National Artist of the Philippines for Music
and Literature in 1997.
 He is also known for using the leaf as a musical instrument which led to being recognized as the "only
man who could play music using a leaf" by the Guinness Book of Records. This led to him making guest
appearance in television shows recorded outside the Philippines.
 Aside from being a musician, Celerio is also poet. He was also a film actor who appeared in various
Philippine films of the 1950s and 1960s.
 Francisco S. Jose2001 - F. Sionil Jose, National Artist for Literature
 Francisco Sionil José (born 3 December 1924) is one of the most widely read Filipino writers in the English
language. His novels and short stories depict the social underpinnings of class struggles and colonialism in
Filipino society. José's works—written in English—have been translated into 28 languages,
including Korean, Indonesian, Czech, Russian, Latvian, Ukrainian and Dutch.
 Chinua Achebe He is a prominent Igbo novelist acclaimed for his unsentimental depictions of the
social and
psychological disorientation accompanying the imposition of Western customs and values upon
traditional African society. His particular concern was with the emergent Africa at its movement of crisis.
His works include: Things Fall Apart, Arrow of God, No Longer at Ease, A Man of the People, Anthills of
Savanah. (1930). He is the father of African Literature.
 Nelson Mandela - Born at Qunu, Africa on July 18, 1918. When his father died, he was trained for
becoming the chief of his local tribe. While at the university he was being aware of the unfair nature of
South African Society. He involved in politics with his friend Oliver Tambo. He finished his degree and
become a Lawyer. In 1952 they opened the first Black Law firm on South Africa. In 1960, the Sharpville
massacre of 63 black South African’s changed the whole political climate. 1962, Nelson Mandela had
been arrested and sentenced to life imprisonment. 1990, he was released on the prison. May 10, 1994,
he was inaugurated as the first democratically elected State President of South Africa. June 1999, he
was retired as President but he continued to be a international figure of great stature. In 1993, Nelson
Mandela was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.
 Leopold Sedar Senghor He is a poet and statesman who was a co-founder of the Negritude
movement in African Art and Literature. He went to Paris on a scholarship and later taught in the French
school system. During these years, Senghor discovered the unmistakable imprint of African art on
modern painting sculpture, and music, which confirmed his belief in Africa’s contribution to modern
culture. Drafted during World War II, he was captured and spent two years in Nazi concentration camp
where he wrote some of his finest poems. He became president of Senegal in 1960. His works include:
Songs of Shadows, Black Offerings, Major Elegies, and Poetical Work. He became Negritude’s foremost
spokesman and edited an anthology of French language by black African that became a seminal text of
the Negritude movement. (1906)
 William Blake (1757-1827), English poet, painter, and engraver, who created an unusual form of
illustrated verse; his poetry, inspired by mystical vision, is among the most original, lyric, and prophetic in
the language. Blake, the son of a hosier (stocking-maker), was born November 28, 1757, in
London, where he lived most of his life. Largely self-taught, he was, however, widely read, and his poetry
 shows the influence of the German mystic Jakob Boehme, for example, and of Sweden borgianism.
As a child, Blake wanted to become a painter. He was sent to drawing school and at the age of14 was
apprenticed to James Basire, an engraver. The young Blake had to draw monuments in the old churches
of London, a task he thoroughly enjoyed.

Geoffrey Chaucer was an English poet and author. Widely considered the greatest English poet of
the Middle Ages, he is best known for The Canterbury Tales. Chaucer has been styled the "Father of English
literature" and was the first writer buried in Poets' Corner of Westminster Abbey.
Chaucer also achieved fame in his lifetime as a philosopher and astronomer, composing the scientific A Treatise
on the Astrolabe for his 10-year-old son Lewis. He maintained an active career in the civil service as
a bureaucrat, courtier and diplomat. Among Chaucer's many other works are The Book of the Duchess, The
House of Fame, The Legend of Good Women, and Troilus and Criseyde. He is seen as crucial in legitimising the
literary use of the Middle English vernacular at a time when the dominant literary languages in England were still
French and Latin.
 Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus (/ˌdɛzɪˈdɪəriəs ɪˈræzməs/; 28 October 1466[3][4] – 12 July 1536),
known as Erasmus or Erasmus of Rotterdam,[note 1] was a Dutch philosopher and Christian
humanist who is widely considered to have been the greatest scholar of the northern
Renaissance.[5] Originally trained as a Catholic priest, Erasmus was an important figure in classical
scholarship who wrote in a pure Latin style. Among humanists he enjoyed the sobriquet "Prince of the
Humanists", and has been called "the crowning glory of the Christian humanists".[6] Using humanist
techniques for working on texts, he prepared important new Latin and Greek editions of the New
Testament, which raised questions that would be influential in the Protestant Reformation and Catholic
Counter-Reformation. He also wrote On Free Will,[7] In Praise of Folly, Handbook of a Christian
Knight, On Civility in Children, Copia: Foundations of the Abundant Style, Julius Exclusus, and many
other works.
 Rabindranath Tagore FRAS (/rəˈbɪndrənɑːt tæˈɡɔːr/ ( listen); born Robindronath Thakur,[1] 7 May
1861 – 7 August 1941),[a] and also known by his sobriquets Gurudev,[b] Kabiguru, and Biswakabi, was
a polymath, poet, musician, and artist from the Indian subcontinent.[4][5] He reshaped Bengali
literature and music, as well as Indian art with Contextual Modernism in the late 19th and early 20th
centuries. Author of the "profoundly sensitive, fresh and beautiful verse" of Gitanjali,[6] he became in 1913
the first non-European to win the Nobel Prize in Literature.[7] Tagore's poetic songs were viewed as
spiritual and mercurial; however, his "elegant prose and magical poetry" remain largely unknown outside
Bengal.[8] He is sometimes referred to as "the Bard of Bengal".[9]
 Li Tai-po, or Li Bai, was one of the most popular poets during the T'ang dynasty. His lyrics are characterized by
spontaneity and vivid imagination. He was a pleasure lover. He drank continually, travelled a good deal and used to stand
in drunken amazement on arched bridges and among the ruins of ancient palaces where he would conjure up the past
before his minds eye. He is one of the leading Chinese poet of the Eight Century.

Po-Chu-I was a renowned Chinese poet and Tang dynasty government official. Many of his poems concern
his career or observations made about everyday life, including as governor of three different provinces.
Bai was also influential in the historical development of Japanese literature.
Among his most famous works are the long narrative poems "Chang hen ge" ("Song of Everlasting Sorrow"),
which tells the story of Yang Guifei, and "The Song of the Pipa Player". He was a well-known Chinese poet
who represented the classical tradition in Chinese literature, politics and morality.
Durante di Alighiero degli Alighieri commonly known by his pen name Dante Alighieri or simply as Dante),
was an Italian poet. His Divine Comedy, originally called Comedìa (modern Italian: Commedia) and later
christened Divina by Giovanni Boccaccio, is widely considered the most important poem of the Middle Ages and
the greatest literary work in the Italian language.
King Arthur was a legendary British leader who, according to medieval histories and romances, led the
defence of Britain against Saxon invaders in the late 5th and early 6th centuries. The details of Arthur's story are
mainly composed of folklore and literary invention, and his historical existence is debated and disputed by
modern historians.[2] The sparse historical background of Arthur is gleaned from various sources, including
the Annales Cambriae, the Historia Brittonum, and the writings of Gildas. Arthur's name also occurs in early
poetic sources such as Y Gododdin.
Arthur is a central figure in the legends making up the Matter of Britain. The legendary Arthur developed as a
figure of international interest largely through the popularity of Geoffrey of Monmouth's fanciful and imaginative
12th-century Historia Regum Britanniae (History of the Kings of Britain). In some Welsh and Breton tales and
poems that date from before this work, Arthur appears either as a great warrior defending Britain from human
and supernatural enemies or as a magical figure of folklore, sometimes associated with the Welsh
otherworld Annwn.[5] How much of Geoffrey's Historia (completed in 1138) was adapted from such earlier
sources, rather than invented by Geoffrey himself, is unknown.
William Butler Yeats[a] (13 June 1865 – 28 January 1939) was an Irish poet and one of the foremost figures
of 20th-century literature. A pillar of the Irish literary establishment, he helped to found the Abbey Theatre, and in
his later years served two terms as a Senator of the Irish Free State. He was a driving force behind the Irish
Literary Revival along with Lady Gregory, Edward Martyn and others.
Yeats was born in Sandymount, Ireland and educated there and in London. He spent childhood holidays
in County Sligo and studied poetry from an early age when he became fascinated by Irish legends and
the occult. These topics feature in the first phase of his work, which lasted roughly until the turn of the 20th
century. His earliest volume of verse was published in 1889, and its slow-paced and lyrical poems display debts
to Edmund Spenser, Percy Bysshe Shelley, and the poets of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood. From 1900, his
poetry grew more physical and realistic. He largely renounced the transcendental beliefs of his youth, though he
remained preoccupied with physical and spiritual masks, as well as with cyclical theories of life. In 1923, he was
awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature.
Edgar Allan Poe (/poʊ/; born Edgar Poe; January 19, 1809 – October 7, 1849) was an American writer, editor,
and literary critic. Poe is best known for his poetry and short stories, particularly his tales of mystery and the
macabre. He is widely regarded as a central figure of Romanticism in the United States and of American
literature as a whole, and he was one of the country's earliest practitioners of the short story. He is generally
considered the inventor of the detective fiction genre and is further credited with contributing to the emerging
genre of science fiction.[1] He was the first well-known American writer to earn a living through writing alone,
resulting in a financially difficult life and career.
Thomas Paine (born Thomas Pain[1]) (February 9, 1737 [O.S. January 29, 1736 – June 8, 1809) was an
English-born American political activist, philosopher, political theorist, and revolutionary. He authored the two
most influential pamphlets at the start of the American Revolution and inspired the patriots in 1776 to declare
independence from Great Britain.[2] His ideas reflected Enlightenment-era ideals of transnational human rights.
Paine lived in France for most of the 1790s, becoming deeply involved in the French Revolution. He
wrote Rights of Man (1791), in part a defense of the French Revolution against its critics. His attacks on Anglo-
Irish conservative writer Edmund Burke led to a trial and conviction in absentia in England in 1792 for the crime
of seditious libel.
John Smith (baptized. 6 January 1580 – 21 June 1631) was an English soldier, explorer, colonial governor,
Admiral of New England, and author. He played an important role in the establishment of the colony
at Jamestown, Virginia, the first permanent English settlement in America in the early 17th century. He was a
leader of the Virginia Colony between September 1608 and August 1609, and he led an exploration along the
rivers of Virginia and the Chesapeake Bay, during which he became the first English explorer to map the
Chesapeake Bay area. Later, he explored and mapped the coast of New England. He was knighted for his
services to Sigismund Báthory, Prince of Transylvania, and his friend Mózes Székely.
Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka born 13 July 1934), known as Wole Soyinka is
a Nigerian playwright, poet and essayist. He was awarded the 1986 Nobel Prize in Literature,[2] the first African to
be honoured in that category. Soyinka has been a strong critic of successive Nigerian governments, especially
the country's many military dictators, as well as other political tyrannies, including the Mugabe regime
in Zimbabwe. Much of his writing has been concerned with "the oppressive boot and the irrelevance of the colour
of the foot that wears it".
Dennis Vincent Brutus (28 November 1924 – 26 December 2009) was a South African activist, educator,
journalist and poet best known for his campaign to have South Africa banned from the Olympic Games due to its
controversial racial policy of apartheid.
Zoilo Galang (July 27, 1895 – 1959) was a Filipino writer from Pampanga. He is credited as one of the
pioneering Filipino writers who worked with the English language. He is the author of the
first Philippine novel written in the English language, A Child of Sorrow, published in 1921.

 1982 – Carlos P. Romulo, National Artist for Literature

 Carlos Peña Rómulo, QSC, CLH, NA (14 January 1898 – 15 December 1985) was a Filipino diplomat,
statesman, soldier, journalist and author. He was a reporter at 16, a newspaper editor by the age of 20, and
 a publisher at 32. He was a co-founder of the Boy Scouts of the Philippines, a general in the US Army and
the Philippine Army, university president, President of the UN General Assembly, was eventually named one
of the Philippines' National Artists in Literature, and was the recipient of many other honors and honorary
degrees. His hometown is Camiling, Tarlac
 2003 – Virgilio S. Almario, National Artist for Literature
 Virgilio Senadrin Almario (born March 9, 1944), better known by his pen name Rio Alma, is
a Filipino artist, author, poet, critic, translator, editor, teacher, and cultural manager. He is a National Artist of
the Philippines and currently serves as the chairman of the Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino (KWF), the
government agency mandated to promote and standardize the use of the Filipino language. On January 5,
2017, Almario was also elected as the chairman of the National Commission for Culture and the
Arts (NCCA).

Noh derived from the Sino-Japanese word for "skill" or "talent", is a major form of classical Japanese
musical drama that has been performed since the 14th century. Developed by Kan'ami and his son Zeami, it is
the oldest major theatre art that is still regularly performed today. Noh is often based on tales from traditional
literature with a supernatural being transformed into human form as a hero narrating a story. Noh integrates
masks, costumes and various props in a dance-based performance, requiring highly trained actors and
musicians.

Kabuki is a classical Japanese dance-drama. Kabuki theatre is known for the stylization of its drama and for the
elaborate make-up worn by some of its performers.
Japan ( 'State of Japan') is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies off the eastern
coast of the Asian continent and stretches from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and
the Philippine Sea in the south.
The kanji that make up Japan's name mean 'sun origin', and it is often called the "Land of the Rising Sun". Japan
is the world's 4th largest island country and encompasses about 6,852 islands.
Panchatantra ("Five Treatises") is an ancient Indian collection of interrelated animal fables in Sanskrit verse and
prose, arranged within a frame story. The surviving work is dated to roughly 200 BCE, based on older oral
tradition. The text's author is unknown, but has been attributed to Vishnu Sharma in some recensions and
Vasubhaga in others, both of which may be pen names. It is classical literature in a Hindu text, and based on
older oral traditions with "animal parables that are as old as we are able to imagine".
Iliad and Odyssey is the epic of Greece.
The Epic of Gilgamesh the world’s oldest epic
Africa . It is a poem of David Diop achieves its impact by a series of climatic sentences and
rhetorical questions.
Praise poems . It is an epithets called out in reference to an object in celebration of its outstanding
qualities and achievements.
Circa is the first African Literature.
Shinto or kami-no-michi (as well as other names) is the ethnic religion of Japan that focuses on ritual practices
to be carried out diligently to establish a connection between present-day Japan and its ancient past.
Upanishads- consists of a group of sketches, illustrations, explanations and critical comments on the religious
thoughts suggested by the poetic hymns of Rig-Veda.
Renaissance- marks the transition from the medieval to the modern world; • It means rebirth or revival of letters;
a historical period in which thinkers and scholars made attempts to get rid of those old feudalist ideas, to
introduce new ideas that expressed the interest of the rising bourgeoisie, and to recover the purity of the early
church from the corruption of the Roman Catholic Church.
phrase appears on William Shakespeare’s gravestone “Good friend, for Jesus' sake forbear
To dig the dust enclosed here.
Blessed be the man that spares these stones,
And cursed be he that moves my bones.”

William Wordsworth the Father of Romanticism

Edgar Allan Poe the Father of Short Stories
Samuel Clemens the real name of Mark Twain
Alfred Tennyson was Poet Laureate of Great Britain and Ireland during much of Queen Victoria's
reign and remains one of the most popular British poets.