INTRODUCTION

Pressure vessel is very important for chemical and mechanical industries that act as storage
vessels for gas phase components, reactions vessels to carry out a gas phase reaction. It can
be used to apply pressure equally in all directions of the walls and ends of pressure vessels.
The function of pressure vessels is to store and transmit liquid, gas and vapours under
controlled pressure.

It is necessary for precise control of pressure to maintain constant concentration of

components in vessels, maintain number of moles in vessels and to protect vessel from being
damaged because of a very high pressure. Two main types of pressure vessel can be found in
cylindrical tank vessel or spherical vessels which according to the end and according to the
dimensions.

After go through the procedure, the panel controller PIC91 was placed in manual (M) mode
and was adjusted its MV to 6.3% to open the control valve PCV91. Two pipe lines PLI and
PLII were traced as followed:

Pipeline PLI: Single capacity process:

AR91-MV91-T91-PLI-B92- FI92 -P CV9 1 –VP

Two-capacity process

AR9 1 -MV9 1 -T91 -PLI-MVI-T92-MV92-FI92 -PCV 9 1 –VP

Pipeline II (PLII):

AR9 1 -MV9 1 -T91-PLII-MVII-PCV92-MV92A/MV92B-V

Pipeline PLI and PLII at various manual valves were opened. Pressure at AR91 was
adjusted ad regulated it until the flow rate at the variable area flow meter F192 reads 35
Nm3/Hr. PCV91 was fully shut from PIC91 in manual (M) mode with MV = 106.3 and
pressure at vessel T91 were read and make sure the pressure is about 22-27 psig. Then, the
MV were set to 6.3 5 and pressure must be equal or lower than 10.
 For PID control of pressure in single capacity process, globe valve MV92A at th common
vent of PLII was opened. The gate valve MV92B at the common outlet of PLI was closed.
For single capacity operation, only vessel T91 is used. The air flow path was made sure to be
set as T91-PLI-FI92-PCV91-VP is opened through B92.The set point of PIC91 as SV was set
to 15psig. The PID controller with the first (I) trial values: PB1 was set to 70% and T11 was
set to 40secs and TD1 was set to 0sec. For second trial (II), the PID controller with the
second (II) trial values: PB1 was set to 45% and T11 was set to 30secs and TD1 was set to
0sec. Next for third (III) trial values, the PB1 was set to 20%, T11 was set to 10 secs and TD1
was set to 2 sec.