MEDICAL-SURGICAL NURSING BULLETS

Prepared by: Omar Brian Yu

March 22, 2007 (Thursday)

IDENTIFICATION

PATHOGNOMONIC SIGNS
1. Appendicitis - Mc Burney’s sign
2. Kawasaki Disease - Strawberry tongue
3. SLE - Butterfly rash
4. Grave’s disease - Exopthalmus
5. Hypocalcemia - Trousseau’s sign/ Chvostek sign
6. Cushing’s syndrome - Moon’s face
7. Pernicious anemia - Beefy Red tongue
8. Bulimia nervosa - Russels sign
9-10. Meningitis - Brudzinski sign and Kernig’s sign

NORMAL VALUES
ABG 11.serum ph - 7.35 - 7.45
12.pCO2 - 35 - 45 mmHg
13.pHCO3 - 22 - 26 mmol/L
14.pO2 - 75 - 100

BLOOD 15. Thrombocytes- 150,000 – 450,000/ mm3

16. Leukocytes - 5, 000 – 10, 000/ mm3
17. Erythrocytes - 4.6-6.5 million/mm3 (male); 4.2 – 5.9 million/mm3 (female)

ELECTROLYTES 18. Sodium - 135 – 145 mEq/L

19. Potassium - 3.5 – 5 mEq/L
20. Calcium - 4.5 – 5.5 mEq/L
21. Chloride - 98 – 108 mEq/L

DIAGNOSTIC/ SCREENING TEST

22. Evaluation of bone conduction Weber test – tuning fork is place on patient’s forehead or teeth
23. Test that measure ocular tension and helping Tonometry – N: 12-20mmHg/ 11-21mmHg/ 12-21mmHg
in detecting early glaucoma
24. Used to evaluate otosclerosis Rinne’s test
25. Determination for TB exposure Mantoux test
26. A cardiac enzyme test that evaluates brain CPK-BB
muscles
27. A cardiac enzyme test that evaluates cardiac CPK-MB
muscles
28. A cardiac enzyme test that evaluates muscles CPK-MM
29. Test used for cholera, pinworm detection Tape test/ rectal swab

30. Assess gait and station such as ataxia Romberg’s test (Moritz Romberg) – sensory ataxia, drunk driving
First, the subject stands with feet together, eyes open and
hands by the sides.

Second, the subject closes the eyes while the examiner

observes for a full minute.

(+) Romberg's test is positive if, and only if,

a. The patient can stand with the eyes open; AND
b. The patient falls when the eyes are closed.
(-) Romberg’s test if either:
a. The patient falls when the eyes are open; or
b. The patient sways but does not fall when the eyes are
closed.