1. 7.

The solubility product expression for tin(II) hydroxide, For Cu(OH)2, Ksp = 1.6 x 10-19. What is the molar
Sn(OH)2, is solubility of Cu(OH)2?
(a) [Sn2+][OH-] (a) 3.4 x 10-7 M
(b) [Sn2+]2[OH-] (b) 6.4 x 10-7 M
(c) [Sn2+][OH-]2 (c) 2.7 x 10-11 M
(d) [Sn2+]3[OH-] (d) 5.1 x 10-10 M
(e) [Sn2+][OH-]3 (e) 1.7 x 10-10 M
2. 8.
The solubility product expression for silver(I) sulfide, Many lead salts are often used as pigments. If
using x to represent the molar concentration of PbSO4 were used in an unglazed ceramic bowl, how
silver(I) and y to represent the molar concentration many milligrams of lead(II) could dissolve per liter of
of sulfide, is formulated as: water?
(a) xy (a) 43
(b) x2y (b) 35
(c) xy2 (c) 11
(d) x2y2 (d) 28
(e) xy3 (e) 53
3. 9.
Consider the following solubility data for various Ag3PO4 would be least soluble at 25oC in
chromates at 25oC. (a) 0.1 M AgNO3
Ksp (b) 0.1 M HNO3
(c) pure water
Ag2CrO4 9.0 x 10-12
(d) 0.1 M Na3PO4
BaCrO4 2.0 x 10-10 (e) solubility in (a), (b), (c), or (d) is not different
PbCrO4 1.8 x 10-14 10.
The chromate that is the most soluble in water at The molar solubility of PbCl2 in 0.20 M
25oC on a molar basis is: Pb(NO3)2 solution is:
(a) Ag2CrO4 (a) 1.7 x 10-4 M
(b) BaCrO4 (b) 9.2 x 10-3 M
(c) PbCrO4 (c) 1.7 x 10-5 M
(d) impossible to determine (d) 4.6 x 10-3 M
(e) none of these (e) 8.5 x 10-5 M
4. 11.
The molar solubility of PbBr2 is 2.17 x 10-3 M at a When we mix together, from separate sources, the
certain temperature. Calculate Ksp for PbBr2. ions of a slightly soluble ionic salt, the salt will
(a) 6.2 x 10-6 precipitate if Qsp _____ Ksp, and will continue to
(b) 6.4 x 10-7 precipitate until Qsp _____ Ksp.
(c) 4.1 x 10-8 (a) is greater than; equals
(d) 3.4 x 10-6 (b) is less than; is greater than
(e) 1.4 x 10-5 (c) is less than; equals
5. (d) equals; is less than
The solubility of silver sulfate in water at 100oC is (e) equals; is greater than
approximately 1.4 g per 100 mL. What is the 12.
solubility product of this salt at 100oC? Which of the following pairs of compounds gives a
(a) 5.7 x 10-8 precipitate when aqueous solutions of them are
(b) 3.5 x 10-7 mixed? Assume that the concentrations of all
(c) 8.3 x 10-6 compounds are 1.0 M immediately after mixing.
(d) 4.1 x 10-5 (a) CuBr2 and K2CO3
(e) 3.6 x 10-4 (b) HNO3 and NH4I
6. (c) BaCl2 and KClO4
What is the molar solubility, s, of Ba3(PO4)2 in terms (d) Na2CO3 and H2SO4
of Ksp? (e) KCl and KNO3
(a) s = Ksp1/2 13.
(b) s = Ksp1/5 A swimming pool was sufficiently alkaline so that
(c) s = [Ksp/27]1/5 CO2 absorbed from the air produced in the pool a
(d) s = [Ksp/108]1/5 solution which was 2 x 10-4 M in CO32- M. If the pool
(e) s = [Ksp/4]5 water was originally 4 x 10-3 M in Mg2+, 6 x 10-4 M in
 Ca2+ and 8 x 10-7 M in Fe2+, then a precipitate should (c) cathode, oxidation
form of: (d) cathode, reduction
(a) only MgCO3 (e) cannot tell unless we know the species being
(b) only CaCO3 oxidized and reduced.
(c) only FeCO3 20.
(d) only CaCO3 and FeCO3 Which of the following statements is FALSE?
(e) MgCO3, CaCO3 and FeCO3 (a) Oxidation and reduction half-reactions occur at
14. electrodes in electrochemical cells.
When equal volumes of the solutions indicated are (b) All electrochemical reactions involve the transfer
mixed, precipitation should occur only for: of electrons.
(a) 2 x 10-3 M Mg2+ + 2 x 10-3 M OH- (c) Reduction occurs at the cathode.
(b) 2 x 10-1 M Ba2+ + 2 x 10-3 M F- (d) Oxidation occurs at the anode.
(c) 2 x 10-3 M Ca2+ + 2 x 10-2 M OH- (e) All voltaic (galvanic) cells involve the use of
(d) 2 x 10-3 M Ca2+ + 2 x 10-3 M OH- electricity to initiate nonspontaneous chemical
(e) 2 x 10-4 M Pb2+ + 2 x 10-5 M SO42- reactions.
15. 21.
At what pH will Cu(OH)2 start to precipitate from a The half-reaction that occurs at the anode during the
solution with [Cu2+] = 0.0015 M? electrolysis of molten sodium bromide is:
(a) 9.0 (a) 2 Br- Br2 + 2 e-
-
(b) 8.0 (b) Br2 + 2 e 2 Br-
(c) 6.0 + -
(c) Na + e Na
(d) 9.4 (d) Na Na+ + e-
(e) 4.6 (e) 2 H2O + 2 e- 2 OH- + H2
16. 22.
What is the pH of a saturated solution of Mg(OH) 2? During the electrolysis of aqueous KCl solution using
(a) 3.5 inert electrodes, gaseous hydrogen is evolved at one
(b) 10.1 electrode and gaseous chlorine at the other
(c) 10.9 electrode. The solution around the electrode at
(d) 10.5 which hydrogen gas is evolved becomes basic as the
(e) 9.2 electrolysis proceeds. Which of the following
17. responses describe or are applicable to the cathode
Which solid will precipitate first if an aqueous and the reaction that occurs at the cathode?
solution of Na2CrO4 at 25oC is slowly added to an (2) the negative
aqueous solution containing 0.001 M Pb(NO3)2 and (1) the positive electrode
electrode
0.100 M Ba(NO3)2 at 25oC?
(3) 2 Cl- Cl2 + 2 e- (4) Cl2 + 2 e- 2 Cl-
(a) BaCrO4(s)
(b) NaNO3(s) (5) 2 H2O O2 + 4 H+ + 4 (6) 2 H2O + 2 e- H2 +
(c) PbCrO4(s) e- 2 OH-
(d) Pb(NO3)2(s) (7) electrons flow from the (8) electrons flow into
(e) none of these electrode to the external the electrode from the
18. circuit external circuit
A solution is 0.0010 M in both Ag+ and Au+. Some (9) oxidation (10) reduction
solid NaCl is added slowly until the solid AgCl just
(a) 2, 6, 8, 9
begins to precipitate. What is the concentration of
(b) 1, 5, 7, 9
Au+ ions at this point? Ksp for AgCl = 1.8 x 10-10 and
(c) 2, 5, 7, 9
for AuCl = 2.0 x 10-13.
(d) 1, 6, 8, 10
(a) 2.0 x 10-10 M
(e) 2, 6, 8, 10
(b) 4.5 x 10-7 M
23.
(c) 1.8 x 10-7 M
What mass (in grams) of nickel could be
(d) 3.0 x 10-4 M
electroplated from a solution of nickel(II) chloride by
(e) 1.1 x 10-6 M
a current of 0.25 amperes flowing for 10 hours?
19.
(a) 12 g
In an electrolytic cell the electrode at which the
(b) 5.5 g
electrons enter the solution is called the ______ ;
(c) 0.046 g
the chemical change that occurs at this electrode is
(d) 2.7 g
called _______.
(e) 6.0 g
(a) anode, oxidation
(b) anode, reduction
24. (b) Pb Pb2+ + 2 e-
Molten AlCl3 is electrolyzed for 5.0 hours with a + -
(c) Ag + e Ag
current of 0.40 amperes. Metallic aluminum is (d) Ag Ag+ + e-
produced at one electrode and chlorine gas, Cl2, is (e) none of the above
produced at the other. How many liters of 30.
Cl2measured at STP are produced when the For a voltaic (or galvanic) cell using Ag,Ag+ (1.0 M)
electrode efficiency is only 65%? and Zn,Zn2+ (1.0 M) half-cells, which of the following
(a) 0.55 L statements is incorrect?
(b) 0.63 L (a) The zinc electrode is the anode.
(c) 0.84 L (b) Electrons will flow through the external circuit
(d) 0.98 L from the zinc electrode to the silver electrode.
(e) 1.02 L (c) Reduction occurs at the zinc electrode as the cell
25. operates.
How long (in hours) must a current of 5.0 amperes (d) The mass of the zinc electrode will decrease as
be maintained to electroplate 60 g of calcium from the cell operates.
molten CaCl2? (e) The concentration of Ag+ will decrease as the cell
(a) 27 hours operates.
(b) 8.3 hours 31.
(c) 11 hours Consider the standard voltaic (or galvanic) cell:
(d) 16 hours Fe,Fe2+ versus Au,Au3+. Which answer identifies the
(e) 5.9 hours cathode and gives the Eo for the cell?
26. (a) Fe, -0.44 V
How long, in hours, would be required for the (b) Au, 1.94 V
electroplating of 78 g of platinum from a solution of (c) Fe, 1.06 V
[PtCl6]2-, using an average current of 10 amperes at (d) Au, 1.06 V
an 80% electrode efficiency? (e) Fe, 1.94 V
(a) 8.4 32.
(b) 5.4 What is the reduction potential for the half-reaction
(c) 16.8 at 25o C:
(d) 11.2 Al3+ + 3e- Al, if [Al3+] = 0.10 M and Eo = -1.66 V ?
(e) 12.4 (a) -1.84 V
27. (b) -1.60 V
How many faradays are required to reduce 1.00 g of (c) -1.68 V
aluminum(III) to the aluminum metal? (d) -1.66 V
(a) 1.00 (e) -1.72 V
(b) 1.50 33.
(c) 3.00 What is the value of E for the half-cell:
(d) 0.111 MnO4- (0.010 M) + 8H+ (0.20 M) + 5e-
(e) 0.250 Mn2+ (0.020 M) + 4H2O ?
28. (a) 1.50 V
Which of the following is the strongest oxidizing (b) 1.86 V
agent? (c) 1.44 V
(a) Pb2+ (d) 1.58 V
(b) I2 (e) 1.52 V
(c) Ag+ 34.
(d) Pb Calculate the potential (in volts) for the voltaic (or
(e) Cu2+ galvanic) cell indicated at 25oC.
29. Ga / Ga3+ (10-6 M) || Ag+ (10-4 M) / Ag
As the cell given below operates, the strip of silver (a) 1.29 V
gains mass (only silver) and the concentration of (b) 0.97 V
silver ions in the solution around the silver strip (c) 1.45 V
decreases, while the strip of lead loses mass and the (d) 1.21 V
concentration of lead increases in the solution (e) 1.37 V
around the lead strip. Which of the following 35.
represents the reaction that occurs at the negative A concentration cell is constructed by placing
electrode in the above cell? identical Cu electrodes in two Cu2+ solutions. If the
Pb / Pb(NO3)2 (1.0 M) || AgNO3 (1.0 M) / Ag concentrations of the two Cu2+ solutions are 1.0 M
(a) Pb2+ + 2 e- Pb and 0.0020 M, calculate the potential of the cell.
 (a) 0.020 V 41.
(b) 1.2 V Some metals are found in the uncombined free state
(c) 0.030 V while other metals are found in the combined state.
(d) 1.0 V What is a deciding factor?
(e) 0.080 V (a) Metals with negative reduction potentials can
36. occur in the free state while metals with positive
What is Go per mole of dichromate ions for the reduction potentials occur in the combined state.
reduction of dichromate ions, Cr2O72-, to Cr3+ by (b) The active metals can occur in the free state
bromide ions, Br-, in acidic solution? (Hint: Use the while the less active metals occur in the combined
standard cell potential.) state.
(a) +26.3 kJ (c) Metals with positive reduction potentials can
(b) -145 kJ occur in the free state while metals with negative
(c) +145 kJ reduction potentials can occur in the combined state.
(d) -26.3 kJ (d) There is no way we can predict which metals will
(e) -53.6 kJ be free or combined.
37. (e) none of the above
Estimate the equilibrium constant for the system 42.
indicated at 25oC. Soluble metal compounds tend to be found in the
2+ 3+ _____, whereas insoluble metal compounds tend to
3 Mg + 2Al 3Mg + 2Al
(a) ~1069 be found in the _____ .
(b) ~1023 (a) oceans; earth's crust
(b) earth's crust; oceans
(c) ~10-24
(d) ~10-36 (c) salt beds; oceans
(e) ~10-72 (d) oceans; salt beds
(e) rivers; oceans
38.
In voltaic cells, such as those diagrammed in your 43.
text, the salt bridge _______ . In the process known as 'roasting,' a(n) _____ is
(a) is not necessary in order for the cell to work chemically converted to a(n) _____.
(a) sulfide; oxide
(b) acts as a mechanism to allow mechanical mixing
of the solutions (b) carbonate; oxide
(c) allows charge balance to be maintained in the cell (c) hydroxide; oxide
(d) oxide; sulfate
(d) is tightly plugged with firm agar gel through
(e) phosphate; phosphide
which ions cannot pass
(e) drives free electrons from one half-cell to the 44.
other Which metal can be found as the free element?
(a) Na
39.
Which of the following statements (b) Mn
is(are) true for all voltaic (or galvanic) cells? (c) Fe
(I) Reduction occurs at the cathode. (d) Cr
(e) Pt
(II) The anode gains mass during discharge (note: this
means operation of the cell.) 45.
(III) The voltage is less than or equal to zero. The Hall-Heroult process is used in the production
of:
(a) only III
(b) only II (a) Mg
(c) only I (b) Fe
(d) II and III (c) Al
(d) Au
(e) I, II, and III
40. (e) Cu
In the standard notation for a voltaic cell, the double 46.
vertical line "||" represents: How much magnesium can be obtained from one
pound of seawater if the concentration
(a) a phase boundary
(b) gas electrode of Mg2+ is 0.13 weight percent? Assume 100%
(c) a wire (metal) connection recovery.
(a) 1.7 grams
(d) a salt bridge
(e) a standard hydrogen electrode (b) 1.3 grams
(c) 0.35 grams
(d) 0.59 grams
(e) 2.5 grams
47. 53.
For every 100 pounds of iron ore there are 27.8 In a surprisingly large number of their properties
pounds of magnetite, Fe3O4. What is the weight beryllium resembles aluminum, and boron
percent iron in this ore? resembles silicon. Such a relationship is called:
(a) 72.3% (a) amphoterism
(b) 20.1% (b) an allotropic relationship
(c) 27.8% (c) a diagonal relationship
(d) 16.7% (d) the periodic law
(e) 23.1% (e) an isoelectronic series
48. 54.
A reaction sequence for the reduction of one of the Which of the following properties of the alkaline
iron ores is as follows: earth metals decreases with increasing atomic
2 C(coke) + O2 2 CO weight?
Fe2O3 + 3 CO 2 Fe + 3 CO2 (a) ionic radii
(b) ionization energy
Calculate the amount of coke necessary to produce (c) atomic radii
800 g of Fe. (d) activity
(a) 114 g (e) atomic number
(b) 1030 g 55.
(c) 258 g Of the following oxides, the most basic is:
(d) 172 g (a) MgO.
(e) 544 g (b) Na2O.
49. (c) P2O3.
What is the charge on the copper ion in the mineral (d) BeO.
azurite, Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2? (e) SO2.
(a) 2+ 56.
(b) 1+ A 300 g sample of CaCO3 was heated until 10.0 L of
(c) 0 CO2 was collected at 50.0oC and 742 torr. What
(d) 1- percentage of the CaCO3 had decomposed?
(e) 2- (a) 6.84%
50. (b) 9.10%
How many coulombs of electricity are required to (c) 12.3%
produce one metric ton (1000 kg) of magnesium? (d) 15.8%
There are 96,500 coulombs in one faraday. (e) 20.6%
MgCl2 Mg(l) + Cl2 57.
(a) 4.0 x 109 coulombs What mass of lithium nitride could be formed from
(b) 2.0 x 109 coulombs 104 g of lithium and excess nitrogen gas?
(c) 7.9 x 109 coulombs (a) 35 g
(d) 1.2 x 1012 coulombs (b) 60 g
(e) 5.3 x 108 coulombs (c) 105 g
51. (d) 140 g
Which of the following is NOT true for the Group 1A (e) 174 g
elements? 58.
(a) Most of them are soft, silvery corrosive metals. The most abundant metal in the earth's crust is:
(b) Their atomic radii increases with increasing (a) Cu
molecular weight. (b) Fe
(c) They are named the alkaline earth metals. (c) Na
(d) They are excellent conductors of heat and (d) Al
electricity. (e) Ca
(e) They exhibit a +1 oxidation state in compounds. 59.
52. Which element has the electron configuration [Ar]
Which element group is the most reactive of all the 3d7 4s2?
metallic elements? (a) Fe
(a) alkali metals (b) Co
(b) alkaline earth metals (c) Cr
(c) coinage metals (d) Ti
(d) transition metals (e) Zn
(e) Group 2B metals 60.
 What is the electron configuration of Mn3+ ion? 67.
(a) [Ar] 4s2 3d10 Of the oxyacids listed below, which one possesses
(b) [Ar] 4s2 3d2 the greatest acid strength in water?
(c) [Ar] 3d5 (a) HClO4
(d) [Ar] 3d4 (b) H2CO3
(e) [Ar] 4d1 3d3 (c) H3BO3
61. (d) HClO
The nitrate of which of the following cations would (e) HBrO
exhibit paramagnetism to the GREATEST extent? 68.
(a) Co3+ Draw the correct Lewis formula for chlorous acid.
(b) Cr3+ The structure contains ___ single bonds, ___ double
(c) Fe3+ bonds and ___ lone pairs of electrons.
(d) Mn3+ (a) 2, 1, 5
(e) V3+ (b) 3, 0, 7
62. (c) 1, 2, 4
Some element groups of the periodic table are more (d) 2, 1, 5
likely to contain elements that are gases than other (e) none of these
groups. Which of the following groups contains the 69.
greatest number of gaseous elements? Which of the following has a pyramidal structure
(a) IA (molecular geometry)?
(b) IIA (a) CBr4
(c) IVA (b) PF3
(d) VIA (c) BF3
(e) VIII (or 0) (d) OF2
63. (e) BrCl
Which of the following is NOT true for the halogens? 70.
(a) They are nonmetals. Which statement about the Group VIA elements
(b) They show the -1 oxidation number in most of is false?
their compounds. (a) All have an outer electronic configuration of
(c) The electronic configuration of their outermost ns2 np4.
electrons is ns2 np6. (b) The electronegativity of Group VIA elements
(d) Their compounds with metals are generally ionic decreases as one goes down the group.
in nature. (c) Most are found in sulfide deposits.
(e) Elemental halogens exist as diatomic molecules. (d) Oxygen has the highest boiling point and melting
64. point.
Which of the following substances is the strongest (e) Polonium has the smallest first ionization energy.
reducing agent? 71.
(a) Cl2 Which statement about the Group VIA hydrides
(b) Cl- is false?
(c) Br2 (a) H2S, H2Se and H2Te are all gases at room
(d) Br- temperature and atmospheric pressure.
(e) I2 (b) All are colorless.
65. (c) All except H2O are toxic.
Chlorine gas is prepared commercially by: (d) H2Po has the lowest boiling point.
(a) electrolysis of carbon tetrachloride. (e) All are covalent compounds.
(b) oxidation of chloride ion with F2(g). 72.
(c) electrolysis of NaCl(aq). Which acid listed on the right cannot be obtained by
(d) oxidation of chloride ion with Br2(aq). adding water to the substance on the left?
(e) electrolysis of AlCl3(aq). (a) H2S2O7 - sulfuric acid
66. (b) SeO2 - selenous acid
Which one of the following does not correctly (c) SO3 - sulfuric acid
describe one or all of the hydrogen halides, HX? (d) SO2 - sulfurous acid
(a) Their aqueous solutions are acidic. (e) TeO2 - tellurous acid
(b) HF has the lowest of the H-X bond energies. 73.
(c) HI is the largest. Which of the following statements about sulfuric
(d) HCl has the lowest boiling point. acid is false?
(e) HF exhibits hydrogen bonding. (a) It is a strong acid.
 (b) One mole of sulfuric acid reacts completely with 80.
two moles of potassium hydroxide. In coordination chemistry, the donor atom of a
(c) The sulfur atom is sp2 hybridized. ligand is
(d) It is often present in acid rain. (a) a Lewis acid.
(e) During the dilution of sulfuric acid, the correct (b) the counter ion
method is to add sulfuric acid to water. (c) the central metal atom.
74. (d) the atom in the ligand that shares an electron
What maximum mass of sulfuric acid can be pair with the metal.
produced from the sulfur contained in 100 kilograms (e) the atom in the ligand that accepts a share in an
of iron pyrite that is 75.0% FeS2? electron pair from the metal.
(a) 84.4 kg 81.
(b) 123 kg Consider the coordination compound, Na2[Pt(CN)4].
(c) 136 kg The Lewis acid is
(d) 144 kg (a) [Pt(CN)4]2-
(e) 168 kg (b) Na+
75. (c) Pt
In which one of the following is the oxidation state (d) Pt2+
of nitrogen given incorrectly? (e) CN-
(a) N2O3, +3 82.
(b) N2H4, +2 Consider the coordination compound, K2[Cu(CN)4]. A
(c) HNO3, +5 coordinate covalent bond exists between
(d) NaNO2, +3 (a) K+ and CN-
(e) H2N2O2, +1 (b) Cu2+ and CN-
76. (c) K+ and [Cu(CN)4]2-
Which of the following does not correctly describe (d) C and N in CN-
ammonia? (e) K+ and Cu2+
(a) pyramidal molecule 83.
(b) polar molecule Given the list of ligands and their corresponding
(c) extremely soluble in water names, choose the pair that disagree.
(d) forms basic aqueous solutions LIGAND NAME
(e) none of these
(a) OH- hydroxo
77. -
Which compound gives photochemical smog a (b) CN cyanide
brownish color? (c) Cl- chloro
(a) NO (d) H2O aqua
(b) HNO2
(e) NH3 ammine
(c) NO2
(d) N2O4 84.
(e) N2O3 Select the correct IUPAC name for: [FeF4(OH2)2]-
78. (a) diaquatetrafluoroiron(III) ion
What is the major mineral present in phosphate (b) diaquatetrafluoroferrate(III) ion
rock? (c) diaquatetrafluoroiron(I) ion
(a) Ca3(PO4)2 (d) diaquatetrafluoroferrate(I) ion
(b) Na2HPO4 (e) none of these
(c) Ca10(PO4)6F2 85.
(d) NaH2PO4 Select the correct IUPAC name for: [Co(NH3)6]2+
(e) Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 (a) hexammoniacobaltate(II) ion
79. (b) hexaamminecobaltate(II) ion
The ______ sphere is enclosed in brackets in (c) hexammoniacobalt(II) ion
formulas for complex species, and it includes the (d) hexaamminecobalt(II) ion
central metal ion plus the coordinated groups. (e) hexammoniacobalt ion
(a) ligand
(b) donor
(c) oxidation
(d) coordination
(e) chelating
86. 92.
Which name-formula combination is NOT correct? (Valence Bond Theory) The coordination complex,
FORMULA NAME [Cu(OH2)6]2+ has one unpaired electron. Which of the
following statements are true?
[Co(NH3)4(OH2)I]S tetraammineaquaiodocobalt(III)
(a) (1) The complex is octahedral.
O4 sulfate
(2) The complex is an outer orbital complex.
potassium (3) The complex is d2sp3 hybridized.
(b) K[Cr(NH3)2Cl4] diamminetetrachlorochromate(I (4) The complex is diamagnetic.
II) (5) The coordination number is 6.
(c) [Mn(CN)5]2- pentacyanomanganate(II) ion (a) 1, 4
(d) [Ni(CO)4] tetracarbonylnickel(0) (b) 1, 2, 5
(c) 2, 3, 5
(e) Ca[PtCl4] calcium tetrachloroplatinate(II)
(d) 2, 3
87. (e) 4, 5
What is the oxidation number of the central metal 93.
atom in the coordination compound (Crystal Field Theory) Which one of the following
[Pt(NH3)3Cl]Cl? statements is FALSE?
(a) -1 (a) In an octahedral crystal field, the d electrons on a
(b) 0 metal ion occupy the eg set of orbitals before they
(c) +1 occupy the t2g set of orbitals.
(d) +2 (b) Diamagnetic metal ions cannot have an odd
(e) +3 number of electrons.
88. (c) Low spin complexes can be paramagnetic.
(Valance Bond Theory) Magnetic measurements
(d) In high spin octahedral complexes, oct is less
indicate that [Co(OH2)6]2+ has 3 unpaired electrons.
than the electron pairing energy, and is relatively
Therefore, the hybridization of the metal's orbitals in
very small.
[Co(OH2)6]2+ is:
(e) Low spin complexes contain strong field ligands.
(a) sp3
94.
(b) sp2d
(Crystal Field Theory) When the valence d orbitals of
(c) dsp2
the central metal ion are split in energy in an
(d) sp3d2
octahedral ligand field, which orbitals are
(e) d2sp3
raised least in energy?
89.
(a) dxy and dx2-y2
Which one of the following complexes can exhibit
(b) dxy, dxz and dyz
geometrical isomerism?
(c) dxz and dyz
(a) [Pt(NH3)2Cl2] (square planar) (d) dxz, dyz and dz2
(b) [Zn(NH3)2Cl2] (tetrahedral) (e) dx2-y2 and dz2
(c) [Cu(NH3)4]2+ (square planar) 95.
(Crystal Field Theory) How many unpaired electrons
(d) [Co(NH3)5Cl]2+ (octahedral)
are there in a strong field iron(II) octahedral
(e) [Cu(CN)2]- (linear) complex?
90. (a) 0
A molecule that cannot be superimposed on its (b) 1
mirror image is said to exhibit which of the (c) 2
following? (d) 4
(a) geometrical isomerism (e) 6
(b) optical isomerism 96.
(c) linkage isomerism (Crystal Field Theory) Consider the complex ion
(d) reactive isomerism [Mn(OH2)6]2+ with 5 unpaired electrons. Which
(e) coordination isomerism response includes all the following statements that
91. are true, and no false statements?
In which one of the following species does the I. It is diamagnetic.
transition metal ion have d3 electronic II. It is a low spin complex.
configuration? III. The metal ion is a d5 ion.
(a) [Cr(NH3)6]3+ IV. The ligands are weak field ligands.
(b) [Co(OH2)6]2+ V. It is octahedral.
(c) [CoF6]3- (a) I, II
(d) [Fe(CN)6]3- (b) III, IV, V
(e) [Ni(OH2)6]2+
 (c) I, IV (e) none of these
(d) II, V 101.
(e) III, IV The mass defect for an isotope was found to be
97. 0.410 amu/atom. Calculate the binding energy in
(Crystal Field Theory) Consider the violet-colored kJ/mol of atoms. (1 J = 1 kg m2/s2)
compound, [Cr(OH2)6]Cl3 and the yellow compound, (a) 3.69 x 1010 kJ/mol
[Cr(NH3)6]Cl3. Which of the following statements is (b) 1.23 x 1020 kJ/mol
false? (c) 3.69 x 1013 kJ/mol
(d) 1.23 x 103 kJ/mol
(e) 1.23 x 1023 kJ/mol
102.
Calculate the binding energy per nucleon (in units of
MeV) for 9Be, for which the atomic mass is 9.01219
amu. Particle masses in amu are: proton = 1.007277;
neutron = 1.008665; electron = 0.0005486.
Conversion factor for E = mc2 is 931 MeV/amu.
(a) 6.46 MeV
(b) 6.33 MeV
(c) 6.23 MeV
(d) 11.39 MeV
(a) Both chromium metal ions are paramagnetic with
(e) 56.93 MeV
3 unpaired electrons.
3+
103.
(b) oct for [Cr(NH3)6] is calculated directly from
Which isotope below has the highest nuclear binding
the energy of yellow light.
3+
energy per gram? No calculation is necessary.
(c) oct for [Cr(OH2)6] is less than oct for
3+
(a) 4He
[Cr(NH3)6] .
(b) 16O
(d) A solution of [Cr(OH2)6]Cl3 transmits light with an (c) 32S
approximate wavelength range of 4000 - 4200
(d) 55Mn
angstroms.
(e) 238U
(e) The two complexes absorb their complementary 104.
colors.
Which of the following statements is incorrect?
98.
(a) Mass defect is the amount of matter that would
(Crystal Field Theory) Strong field ligands such as CN-
be converted into energy if a nucleus were formed
: from initially separated protons and neutrons.
(a) usually produce high spin complexes and small
(b) Nuclear binding energy is the energy released in
crystal field splittings.
the formation of an atom from subatomic particles.
(b) usually produce low spin complexes and small
(c) Nuclei with highest binding energies are the most
crystal field splittings. stable nuclei.
(c) usually produce low spin complexes and high
(d) Einstein postulated the Theory of Relativity in
crystal field splittings.
which he stated that matter and energy are
(d) usually produce high spin complexes and high equivalent.
crystal field splittings.
(e) Mass number is the sum of all protons and
(e) cannot form low spin complexes.
electrons in an atom.
99.
105.
The "magic numbers" for atoms are A positron has a mass number of _____, a charge of
(a) numbers of electrons that confer atomic stability.
_____, and a mass equal to that of a(an) _____.
(b) numbers of protons and/or neutrons that confer
(a) 0, 1+, proton
nuclear stability. (b) 1, 2+, proton
(c) n/p ratios that confer nuclear stability. (c) 0, 1+, electron
(d) atomic masses that confer nuclear stability.
(d) 1, 2+, electron
(e) atomic masses that indicate fissile isotopes.
(e) 0, 0, proton
100. 106.
The actual mass of a 37Cl atom is 36.966 amu.
Emission of which one of the following leaves both
Calculate the mass defect (amu/atom) for a 37Cl
atomic number and mass number unchanged?
atom.
(a) positron
(a) 0.623 amu (b) neutron
(b) 0.388 amu
(c) alpha particle
(c) 0.263 amu
(d) gamma radiation
(d) 0.341 amu
 (e) beta particle 113.
107. How old is a bottle of wine if the tritium (3H) content
Which type of radiation is the least penetrating? (called activity) is 25% that of a new wine? The half-
(a) alpha life of tritium is 12.5 years.
(b) beta (a) 1/4 yr
(c) gamma (b) 3.1 yr
(d) x-ray (c) 25 yr
(e) neutron (d) 37.5 yr
108. (e) 50 yr
A radioisotope of argon, 35Ar, lies below the "band of 114.
stability: (n/p ratio too low). One would predict that A Geiger counter registered 1000 counts/second
it decays via _____. from a sample that contained a radioactive isotope
(a) neutron emission of polonium. After 5.0 minutes, the counter
(b) beta emission registered 281 counts/second. What is the half-life
(c) positron emission of this isotope in seconds?
(d) alpha emission (a) 87
(e) fission (b) 110
109. (c) 164
A Geiger-Muller tube is a _____ . (d) 264
(a) gas ionization detector (e) 2.18
(b) cloud chamber 115.
(c) fluorescence detector The 14C activity of some ancient Peruvian corn was
(d) spectrophotometer found to be 10 disintegrations per minute per gram
(e) photographic detector of C. If present-day plant life shows 15 dpm/g, how
110. old is the Peruvian corn? The half-life of 14C is 5730
The half life of 231Pa is 3.25 x 104 years. How much of years.
an initial 10.40 microgram sample remains after 3.25 (a) 1455 years
x 105 years? (b) 1910 years
(a) 0.0102 micrograms (c) 3350 years
(b) 0.240 micrograms (d) 3820 years
(c) 2.18 micrograms (e) 9080 years
(d) 0.0240 micrograms 116.
(e) 1.04 micrograms Which of the following describes what occurs in the
111. fission process?
Consider the case of a radioactive element X which (a) A heavy nucleus is fragmented into lighter ones.
decays by electron (beta) emission with a half-life of (b) A neutron is split into a neutron and proton.
4 days to a stable nuclide of element Z. Which of the (c) Two light nuclei are combined into a heavier one.
following statements is CORRECT? (d) A proton is split into three quarks.
(a) After 8 days the sample will consist of one-fourth (e) A particle and anti-particle appear in an area of
element Z and three-fourths element X. high energy density.
(b) Element Z will weigh exactly the same as element 117.
X when decay is complete (weighed to an infinite Which of the following statements about nuclear
number of significant figures). fission is always correct?
(c) 2.0 g of element X is required to produce 1.5 g of (a) Very little energy is released in fission processes.
element Z after 8 days (to 2 significant figures). (b) Nuclear fission is an energetically favorable
(d) If element X as an atomic number equal to n, process for heavy atoms.
then element X has an atomic number equal to n-1. (c) Due to its instability, 56Fe readily undergoes
(e) None of the above. fission.
112. (d) In fission reactions, a neutron is split into a
Carbon-11 is a radioactive isotope of carbon. Its half- proton and an electron.
life is 20 minutes. What fraction of the initial number (e) All nuclear fission reactions are spontaneous.
of C-11 atoms in a sample will have decayed away 118.
after 80 minutes? Which one of the following would be most likely to
(a) 1/16 undergo thermonuclear fusion?
(b) 1/8 (a) 2H
(c) 1/4 (b) 4He
(d) 7/8 (c) 56Fe
(e) 15/16 (d) 141Ba
 (e) 235U (e) Carbon has two stable isotopes, carbon-12 and
119. carbon-13.
Which one of the following statements about 125.
nuclear reactions is false? The hybridization of carbon atoms in alkanes is
(a) Particles within the nucleus are involved. (a) sp
(b) No new elements can be produced. (b) sp2
(c) Rate of reaction is independent of the presence (c) sp3
of a catalyst. (d) sp3d
(d) Rate of reaction is independent of temperature. (e) sp3d2
(e) They are often accompanied by the release of 126.
enormous amounts of energy. A molecule with the formula C3H8 is a(n):
120. (a) hexane
Complete and balance the following equation. The (b) propane
missing term is _____ . (c) decane
239 (d) butane
Pu + alpha particle _____ + neutron
(a) 2 115Ag (e) ethane
(b) 2 106Rh 127.
(c) 235U Select the correct IUPAC name for:
(d) 233Pa
(e) 242Cm
121.
When 59Cu undergoes positron emission, what is the
immediate nuclear product?
(a) 5-methyl-5-ethyloctane
(a) 59Ni
(b) 5-methyl-5-propylheptane
(b) 58Ni
(c) 4-ethyl-4-methyloctane
(c) 58Cu
(d) 3-methyl-3-propyloctane
(d) 59Zn
(e) 3-methyl-3-propylheptane
(e) 58Zn
128.
122.
Select the correct IUPAC name for:
As a result of the process of electron capture ("K-
capture") by 211At, the new isotope formed is:
(a) 210At
(b) 212At
(c) 211Po (a) 1,1,3-trimethylpentane
(d) 211Rn (b) 1-ethyl-1,3-dimethylbutane
(e) 207Bi (c) 2,4-dimethylhexane
123. (d) 3,5-dimethylhexane
When 235U is bombarded with one neutron, fission (e) 3,5,5-trimethylpentane
occurs and the products are three neutrons, 94Kr, 129.
and _____ . Select the correct IUPAC name for:
(a) 139Ba
(b) 141Ba
(c) 139Ce
(d) 139Xe
(a) 1,4-dimethylcyclopentane
(e) 142I
(b) 1,3-dimethylcyclopentane
124.
(c) 2,5-dimethylcyclopentane
What makes carbon such a unique element?
(d) 2,3-dimethylcyclopentane
(a) Elemental carbon comes in two forms, diamond
(e) 2,4-dimethylcyclopentane
and graphite.
130.
(b) Carbon forms four bonds, although the ground
The general formula for noncyclic alkenes is:
state configuration would predict the formation of
(a) CnH2n+2
fewer bonds.
(b) CnH2n
(c) Carbon forms covalent bonds rather than ionic
(c) CnH2n-2
bonds.
(d) CnHn+2
(d) To a greater extent than any other element,
(e) CnHn
carbon can bond to itself to form straight chains,
branched chains and rings.
131. 136.
The correct name for the compound given below is: How many actual double bonds does the benzene
ring possess?
(a) None, carbon-carbon bonds in benzene are
delocalized around the ring
(b) 1 double bond
(a) 2-methyl-1-butene (c) 2 double bonds
(b) 2-ethyl-1-propene (d) 3 double bonds
(c) 2-ethyl-1-pentane (e) 4 double bonds
(d) 3-methyl-2-butene 137.
(e) pentene Para-xylene is the same as:
132. (a) 1,2-dimethylbenzene
Select the best name for: (b) 1,3-diethylbenzene
(c) 1,3-dimethylbenzene
(d) 1,4-diethylbenzene
(e) 1,4-dimethylbenzene
138.
(a) 4-ethyl-cis-3-octene Which of the following formulas represents an
(b) 4-ethyl-trans-3-octene alkene?
(c) 4-butyl-cis-3-hexene (a) CH3CH2CH3
(d) 5-ethyl-trans-5-octene (b) CH3CH3
(e) 5-ethyl-cis-5-octene (c) CH3CH2CHCH2
133. (d) CH3CH2Cl
Name the following compound: (e) CHCH
139.
What is the name of the following compound?

(a) 6-ethyl-4-methylcyclohexene
(b) 6-ethyl-3-methylcyclohexene
(c) 3-ethyl-5-methylcyclohexene
(d) 6-ethyl-4-methylcyclohex-1-ene (a) 1,3-dibromophenol
(e) 6,4-dialkylcyclohexene (b) 2,5-dibromophenol
134. (c) 2,6-dibromophenol
What is the IUPAC name of the following (d) m-dibromophenol
compound? (e) o-dibromophenol
140.
Which one of the following is a secondary alcohol?
(a) CH3CH2OH
(a) 2,6-diethyl-3-nonyne (b) CH3OH
(b) 2,5-diethyl-3-nonyne (c) CH3CH(OH)CH3
(c) 3,7-dimethyl-5-nonyne (d) (CH3)C3OH
(d) 3,7-dimethyl-4-nonyne (e) none of these
(e) 2,6-diethyl-3-heptyne 141.
135. Select the IUPAC name for:
The following chemical structure represents a (CH3)2CHCH(OH)CH2C(CH3)3.
molecule of what molecular formula? (a) 2,5,5-trimethyl-3-hexanol
(b) 1,1,4,4-pentamethylbutanol
(c) 1,1-dimethylisopentanol
(d) 2,5-dimethyl-4-hexanol
(e) none of these
142.
Which is NOT a physical property of alcohols or
(a) C8H10
phenols?
(b) C6H6
(a) Phenols are generally only slightly soluble in
(c) C6H8
water.
(d) C8H12
(e) C8H6
 (b) The solubilities of normal primary alcohols in (e) none of these
water decrease with increasing molecular weight. 148.
(c) The hydroxyl group of an alcohol is nonpolar. The best classification for the following compound
(d) Due to hydrogen bonding, boiling points of is: _____ .
alcohols are much higher than those of
corresponding alkanes.
(e) Boiling points of normal primary alcohols
increase with increasing molecular weight. (a) aldehyde
143. (b) ester
Give the IUPAC name of this compound: (c) ketone
CH3OCH2CH3. (d) carboxylic acid
(a) dimethyl ether (e) alcohol
(b) methoxyethane 149.
(c) methylethyloxide The compound given below is called _____ .
(d) propyl ether
(e) none of the above
144.
The compound below is classified as a _____ . (a) butyl acetate
(b) ethyl pentanoate
(c) propyl pentanoate
(d) ethyl butanoate
(a) primary amine (e) butyl ethanoate
(b) secondary amine 150.
(c) tertiary amine The compound illustrated below is called _____ .
(d) primary amide
(e) secondary amide
145.
The systematic name for the compound in Problem (a) acetamide
21 is _____ . (b) formyl acetamide
(a) pentyl amine (c) dimethyl acetate
(b) methyl-n-propyl amine (d) N,N-dimethylformamide
(c) diethyl amine (e) dimethylamine
(d) 2-aminopentane 151.
(e) isobutylamine The functional group given below is characteristic of
organic _____ .
146.
Select the IUPAC name for the compound below.

(a) ketones
(b) acids
(c) aldehydes
(a) 2,4-dimethylpentanoic acid (d) esters
(b) 1,1,3-trimethylbutanoic acid (e) alcohols
(c) 1-hydroxy-2,4-dimethylpentanone 152.
(d) 2-carboxyisohexane Two isomeric forms of a saturated hydrocarbon
(e) none of these (a) have the same structure.
147. (b) have different compositions of elements.
Select the best name for: (c) have the same molecular formula.
(d) have a different content of the isotopes of
hydrogen.
(e) react vigorously with one another.
153.
Which of the following hydrocarbons does not have
isomers?
(a) m-chlorobenzoic acid (a) C7H16
(b) o-chlorobenzaldehyde (b) C6H14
(c) p-chlorobenzoate (c) C5H10
(d) m-chlorosalicylic acid (d) C4H8
 (e) C3H8 (e) CH3-O-C2H5
154. 161.
The name of the alkane isomer of cis-3-hexene is: How many isomeric alkanes of the molecular
(a) 2-methylpentane formula C5H12 are there?
(b) 3-methylpentane (a) 1
(c) n-hexane (b) 2
(d) 2,3-dimethylbutane (c) 3
(e) cyclohexane (d) 4
155. (e) 5
How many aromatic isomers of dibromobenzene 162.
exist? How many alcohols are structural isomers with the
(a) 2 formula: C5H11OH?
(b) 3 (a) 5
(c) 4 (b) 6
(d) 6 (c) 7
(e) 8 (d) 8
156. (e) 9
Which one of the following compounds is an isomer 163.
of CH3CH2CH2CH2OH? What is the relationship between the structures
(a) CH3CH2CH2OH shown?
(b) CH3CH(OH)CH3
(c) CH3CH2CH2CHO (Note: This is one way to write an
aldehyde.)
(d) CH3CH2CH2CH3
(e) none of the above
157. (a) structural isomers
Which of the following compounds is a functional (b) geometric isomers
group isomer of C2H5OH, ethanol (ethyl alcohol)? (c) conformational structures
(a) ethanal, CH3CHO (d) identical structures
(b) acetic acid, CH3COOH (e) optical isomers
(c) diethyl ether, (C2H5)2O 164.
(d) dimethyl ether, (CH3)2O Which of the following statements concerning
(e) propanol, C3H7OH conformations is (are) TRUE?
158. (1) Ethane has an infinite number of conformations.
For which of the compounds below are cis-trans (2) The eclipsed conformation of a molecule is
isomers possible? slightly more stable and energetically favored than
CH3CH=CH2 CH3CH=CHCH2CH3 CH3CH=CHCH3 the staggered conformation.
(1) (2) (3) (3) A conformation is one specific geometry of a
(a) only 2 molecule.
(b) both 1 and 2 (a) 1 only
(c) both 2 and 3 (b) 2 only
(d) all three (c) 1 and 2
(e) only 3 (d) 2 and 3
159. (e) 1 and 3
Which of the following does NOT exhibit geometric 165.
isomerism? (Hint: draw them!) Which of the following statements
(a) 4-octene is FALSE regarding the reaction between Cl2 and
(b) 2-pentene C2H6?
(c) 3-hexene (a) It is a substitution reaction.
(d) 2-hexene (b) The reaction will give a single product of C2H5Cl.
(e) 1-hexene (c) The reaction mechanism involves free radicals.
160. (d) The reaction can be initiated with either sunlight
Which of the following compounds displays optical or heat.
isomerism? (e) The first step in the mechanism is the cleavage of
(a) CH2(OH)-CH2(OH) the Cl-Cl bond to give chlorine atoms.
(b) CH3-CHCl-COOH 166.
(c) CH2=CHCl Which of the following will undergo an addition
(d) CHCl=CHCl reaction with chlorine?
 (a) CH3CH2CH2CH3 172.
(b) CH3CH2CH=CHCH3 Ethanol can be oxidized stepwise. What is the first
(c) C6H6 stable intermediate product when ethanol is
(d) CH3CH2COOH oxidized with a mild oxidation agent?
(e) CH3CH2OH (a) CH3COOH
167. (b) CO2
What is the expected product formed from the (c) CH3CHO
reaction between 2-butene and Cl2? (d) CH3CH2OH
(a) 1-chlorobutane (e) CH3OCH3
(b) 2-chlorobutane 173.
(c) 2,3-dichlorobutane Which of the following alcohols forms a ketone
(d) 2,2-dichlorobutane when oxidized?
(e) 3,3-dichlorobutane (a) 1-propanol
168. (b) methanol
The reaction of ethyne with which of the following (c) 2-methyl-2-propanol
gives CH2Br-CHBrCl? (d) 2-propanol
(a) HCl, then HBr (e) all of the above
(b) HCl, then Br2 174.
(c) Cl2, then HBr What is the sum of the coefficients in the balanced
(d) Cl2, then Br2 equation for the complete combustion of 2-
(e) H2, then Br2 methylbutane? Use smallest whole number
169. coefficients. Do not forget coefficients of 1.
Dehydration of an alcohol leads to the formation of (a) 10
an _____ . (b) 13
(a) alkene (c) 17
(b) alkane (d) 20
(c) alkyne (e) 23
(d) alkyl halide 175.
(e) aldehyde The organic starting materials for the preparation of
170. an ester could be _______ .
A reaction in which a carboxylic acid reacts with a (a) an acid and an alcohol
base to form a salt and water is called _____ . (b) a ketone and an alcohol
(a) ionization (c) an alkane and a ketone
(b) esterification (d) only an acid
(c) hydrolysis (e) an amine and an acid
(d) saponification 176.
(e) neutralization Hydrolysis (saponification) of a fat would yield
171. ______ .
How many moles of sodium hydroxide will react with (a) water and an alkene
one mole of: (b) ethanol and propanoic acid
(c) glycerol and soap
(d) ethanol and a soap
(e) a triester of glycerol with fatty acids

177.
The segment -CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2- represents the
(a) 5 polymer named _______ .
(b) 4 (a) polybutylene
(c) 3 (b) polyhexene
(d) 2 (c) polypropylene
(e) 1 (d) polystyrene
(e) polyethylene
ANSWER KEY 59. B 119. b
60. D 120. e
1. C 61. C 121. a
2. B 62. E 122. c
3. A 63. C 123. a
4. C 64. D 124. d
5. E 65. C 125. c
6. D 66. B 126. b
7. A 67. A 127. c
8. D 68. B 128. c
9. A 69. B 129. b
10. D 70. D 130. b
11. A 71. D 131. a
12. A 72. E 132. a
13. D 73. C 133. c
14. A 74. B 134. d
15. C 75. B 135. a
16. D 76. E 136. a
17. C 77. C 137. e
18. E 78. A 138. c
19. D 79. D 139. c
20. E 80. D 140. c
21. A 81. D 141. a
22. E 82. B 142. c
23. D 83. B 143. b
24. A 84. b 144. b
25. D 85. d 145. d
26. B 86. c 146. a
27. D 87. d 147. a
28. C 88. d 148. b
29. B 89. a 149. b
30. C 90. b 150. d
31. B 91. a 151. a
32. C 92. b 152. c
33. C 93. a 153. e
34. D 94. b 154. e
35. E 95. a 155. b
36. B 96. b 156. e
37. E 97. b 157. d
38. C 98. c 158. c
39. C 99. b 159. e
40. D 100. d 160. b
41. C 101. a 161. c
42. A 102. a 162. d
43. A 103. d 163. c
44. E 104. e 164. e
45. C 105. c 165. b
46. D 106. d 166. b
47. B 107. a 167. c
48. C 108. c 168. b
49. A 109. a 169. a
50. C 110. a 170. e
51. C 111. c 171. e
52. A 112. e 172. c
53. C 113. c 173. d
54. B 114. c 174. d
55. B 115. c 175. a
56. C 116. a 176. c
57. E 117. b 177. e
58. D 118. a