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PRACH Planning in LTE PDF
PRACH Planning in LTE PDF
•In LTE it is necessary the radio planner to selects the preamble format for each cell based on maximum
estimated cell range. Typical preamble format will be ‘Preamble Format 0’, allowing for cell sizes up to 15km.
Other preamble formats allow for larger cell ranges.
•PRACH parameters should be planned. PRACH transmission can be separated by:
– Frequency (prachFreqOff) avoid overlapping with PUCCH and PUSCH or splitting the PUSCH
area.PRACH area is next to PUCCH area either at upper or lower border of frequency band,
For simplicity use same configuration for all cells
– Sequence (PRACH CS and RootSeqIndex) the cyclic shift ensures sufficient separation between the
preambles
Use different sequences for all neighbour cells
PRACH Configuration Index (1)
– The PRACH Configuration
Recommendation:
Configure different
PRACHconfiguration
Indexes at cells belonging
to the same site. E.g.:
3/4/5 if RACH density=1 or
6/7/8 if RACH density=2
(Preamble Format 0)
Frequency Offset (1)
PUCCH
2 ms
PRACH
Resource Block
signalled in SIB2
PRACH Frequency Offset (2)
• Indicates the first PRB available for PRACH in the UL frequency band
– PRACH area (6 PRBs) should be next to PUCCH area either at upper or lower border of
frequency band in order to maximize the PUSCH area but not overlap with PUCCH area
– Parameter is configured based on the PUCCH region i.e. its value depends on how many
PUCCH resources are available.
– If PRACH area is placed at the lower border of UL frequency band then:
• If PRACH area is placed at the upper border of the UL frequency band then:
The table highlights how the intra-cell interference is optimized with respect to cell size: the smaller the cell size, the
larger the number of orthogonal signatures and the better the detection performance.
Zero Correlation Zone (1)
– Selecting High Speed Flag High Speed Flag
• Zero Correlation Zone = FALSE = TRUE
• High Speed Flag
are prerequisites to planning the ‘Root Sequence Index’
– The Zero Correlation Zone determines the size of the cyclic shift used to generate the PRACH
sequence from the ‘root sequence’
– There are 838 ‘root sequences’ from which to generate the PRACH sequences(64)
– Each ‘root sequence’ has a length of 839
– Each cell requires 64 PRACH sequences
– The number of PRACH sequences which can be generated from each ‘root sequence’ is given by:
ROUNDUP(64 / PRACH
Sequences per Root Sequence)
– Assumptions:
• PUCCH resources =6
• Cell range = 12km (all
cells have same range)
• BW:10MHz
Exercise Solution