CICLO CARNOT

1-2 T=cte 𝑃0 𝑉0 = 𝑃𝑓 𝑉𝑓 = 𝑐
2 𝑉 𝑉
 𝑊 = ∫1 𝑃𝑑𝑉 = 𝑃1 𝑉1 𝑙𝑛 (𝑉2 ) = 𝑚𝑅𝑇1,2 𝑙𝑛 (𝑉2 )
1 1
2 2 𝑉
 𝑄= ∫1 𝑑𝑈 + ∫1 𝑃𝑑𝑉 = 𝑚𝑅𝑇1,2 𝑙𝑛 (𝑉2 )
1

𝑘−1
𝑇3 𝑃 𝑇3 𝑉 𝑘−1 𝑉4 𝑉3
𝑃𝑓 𝑉𝑓𝑘
𝑘
2-3 s=cte 𝑃0 𝑉0𝑘 = =𝑐 = ( 3) ; = ( 2) ; =
𝑇2 𝑃2 𝑇2 𝑉3 𝑉1 𝑉2

3 𝑃3 𝑉3 −𝑃2 𝑉2 𝑚𝑅 𝑚𝑅
 𝑊 = ∫2 𝑃𝑑𝑉 = 1−𝐾
= 1−𝐾 (𝑇3 − 𝑇2 ) = − 1−𝐾 (𝑇2 − 𝑇3 )
3
 𝑄 = ∫2 𝑇𝑑𝑠 = 0

3-4 T=cte
4 𝑉 𝑉
 𝑊 = ∫3 𝑃𝑑𝑉 = 𝑃4 𝑉4 𝑙𝑛 ( 4 ) = 𝑚𝑅𝑇3,4 𝑙𝑛 ( 4 )
𝑉3 𝑉3
4 4 𝑉
 𝑄 = ∫3 𝑑𝑈 + ∫3 𝑃𝑑𝑉 = 𝑚𝑅𝑇3,4 𝑙𝑛 (𝑉4 )
3

𝑘−1
𝑇1 𝑃 𝑇1 𝑉 𝑘−1
𝑘
4-1 s=cte 𝑇4
= (𝑃1 ) ; 𝑇4
= (𝑉4 ) ;
4 1

3 𝑃3 𝑉3 −𝑃2 𝑉2 𝑚𝑅 𝑚𝑅
 𝑊 = ∫2 𝑃𝑑𝑉 = 1−𝐾
= 1−𝐾 (𝑇3 − 𝑇2 ) = − 1−𝐾 (𝑇2 − 𝑇3 )
3
 𝑄 = ∫2 𝑇𝑑𝑠 = 0

Wneto
𝑉
 𝑊𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑜 = 𝑚𝑅(𝑇1 − 𝑇4 )𝑙𝑛 (𝑉2 )
1

Qneto
𝑉
 𝑄𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑜 = 𝑚𝑅(𝑇1 − 𝑇4 )𝑙𝑛 (𝑉2 )
1
CICLO ERICCSON

𝑽 𝑽
1-2 P=cte. 𝑳𝒆𝒚 𝒅𝒆 𝒄𝒉𝒂𝒓𝒍𝒆𝒔 𝑻𝟏 = 𝑻𝟐
𝟏 𝟐

2
 𝑊1−2 = ∫1 𝑃𝑑𝑣 = 𝑃(𝑣2 − 𝑣1 )
2 2 2
 𝑄1−2 = ∫1 𝑑ℎ − ∫1 𝑣𝑑𝑃 = 𝑚𝑐𝑝 (𝑇2 − 𝑇1 ) ∫1 𝑣𝑑𝑃 = 0 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑒𝑠 𝑐𝑡𝑒.

2-3 T=cte. 𝑳𝒆𝒚 𝒅𝒆 𝑩𝒐𝒚𝒍𝒆 − 𝑴𝒂𝒓𝒓𝒊𝒐𝒕𝒆 𝑷𝟐 𝑽𝟐 = 𝑷𝟑 𝑽𝟑 𝑷𝑽 = 𝒎𝑹𝑻

3 3 𝑚𝑅𝑇𝑑𝑣 𝑣
 𝑊1−2 = ∫2 𝑃𝑑𝑣 = ∫2 𝑣
= 𝑚𝑅𝑇𝑙𝑛 (𝑣3 )
2

3 3 𝑚𝑅𝑇𝑑𝑣 𝑣 3
 𝑄2−3 = ∫2 𝑑𝑢 + ∫2 𝑃𝑑𝑣 = 𝑣
= 𝑚𝑅𝑇𝑙𝑛 (𝑣3 ) ∫2 𝑑𝑢 = 0 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑎 𝑒𝑠 𝑐𝑡𝑒.
2

𝑽 𝑽
3-4 P=cte. 𝑳𝒆𝒚 𝒅𝒆 𝒄𝒉𝒂𝒓𝒍𝒆𝒔 𝑻𝟑 = 𝑻𝟒
𝟑 𝟒

4
 𝑊3−4 = ∫3 𝑃𝑑𝑣 = 𝑃(𝑣4 − 𝑣3 )
4 4 4
 𝑄3−4 = ∫3 𝑑ℎ − ∫3 𝑣𝑑𝑃 = 𝑚𝑐𝑝 (𝑇4 − 𝑇3 ) ∫3 𝑣𝑑𝑃 = 0 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑒𝑠 𝑐𝑡𝑒.

4-1 T=cte. 𝑳𝒆𝒚 𝒅𝒆 𝑩𝒐𝒚𝒍𝒆 − 𝑴𝒂𝒓𝒓𝒊𝒐𝒕𝒆 𝑷𝟒 𝑽𝟒 = 𝑷𝟏 𝑽𝟏 𝑷𝑽 = 𝒎𝑹𝑻

1 1
𝑚𝑅𝑇𝑑𝑣 𝑣1
𝑊4−1 = ∫ 𝑃𝑑𝑣 = ∫ = 𝑚𝑅𝑇𝑙𝑛 ( )
4 4 𝑣 𝑣4

1 1 1
𝑚𝑅𝑇𝑑𝑣 𝑣1
𝑄4−1 = ∫ 𝑑𝑢 + ∫ 𝑃𝑑𝑣 = = 𝑚𝑅𝑇𝑙𝑛 ( ) ∫ 𝑑𝑢 = 0 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑎 𝑒𝑠 𝑐𝑡𝑒.
4 4 𝑣 𝑣4 4

𝑣 𝑣
 𝑤𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑜 = 𝑚𝑅(𝑇2 − 𝑇1 ) + 𝑚𝑅𝑇2 𝑙𝑛 (𝑣3 ) + 𝑚𝑅(𝑇4 − 𝑇3 ) + 𝑚𝑅𝑇1 𝑙𝑛 (𝑣1 )
2 4

𝑽𝟏 𝑽𝟐
= 𝒚 𝑻𝟏 = 𝑻𝟒 𝒚 𝑻𝟐 = 𝑻𝟑
𝑽𝟒 𝑽𝟑

𝑣
 𝑤𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑜 = 𝑚𝑅(𝑇2 − 𝑇1 )𝑙𝑛 (𝑣3 )
2
𝑣
 𝑄𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑜 = 𝑚𝑅(𝑇2 − 𝑇1 )ln(𝑣3 )
2

|𝑇 |
 𝜂 = 1 − | 𝑇1 |
3
CICLO STIRLING

QA

QR

1-2 T=cte
2 𝑉 𝑉
 𝑊 = ∫1 𝑃𝑑𝑉 = 𝑃1 𝑉1 𝑙𝑛 ( 2 ) = 𝑚𝑅𝑇1,2 𝑙𝑛 ( 2 )
𝑉1 𝑉1
2 2 𝑉
 𝑄 = ∫1 𝑑𝑈 + ∫1 𝑃𝑑𝑉 = 𝑚𝑅𝑇1,2 𝑙𝑛 (𝑉2 )
1

2-3 V=cte
3
 𝑊 = ∫2 𝑃𝑑𝑉 = 0
3 3
 𝑄 = ∫2 𝑑𝑈 + ∫2 𝑃𝑑𝑉 = 𝑚𝐶𝑣 (𝑇3 − 𝑇2 )

3-4 T=cte
4 𝑉 𝑉
 𝑊 = ∫3 𝑃𝑑𝑉 = 𝑃4 𝑉4 𝑙𝑛 (𝑉4 ) = 𝑚𝑅𝑇3,4 𝑙𝑛 (𝑉4 )
3 3
4 4 𝑉
 𝑄= ∫3 𝑑𝑈 + ∫3 𝑃𝑑𝑉 = 𝑚𝑅𝑇3,4 𝑙𝑛 ( 4 )
𝑉3

4-1 V=cte
1
 𝑊 = ∫4 𝑃𝑑𝑉 = 0
1 1
 𝑄 = ∫4 𝑑𝑈 + ∫4 𝑃𝑑𝑉 = 𝑚𝐶𝑣 (𝑇1 − 𝑇4 ) = −𝑚𝐶𝑣 (𝑇4 − 𝑇1 )

𝑉
 𝑊𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑜 = 𝑚𝑅(𝑇1 − 𝑇4 )𝑙𝑛 (𝑉2 )
1
𝑉
 𝑄𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑜 = 𝑚𝑅(𝑇1 − 𝑇4 )𝑙𝑛 (𝑉2 )
1
𝑚𝐶𝑣 (𝑇4 −𝑇1 ) 𝑉 𝐾−1
 𝜂 = 1− = 1 − (𝑉2 )
𝑚𝐶𝑣 (𝑇3 −𝑇2 1
CICLO OTTO

1-2 s=cte

2 𝑃2 𝑉2 −𝑃1 𝑉1 𝑚𝑅
 𝑊 = ∫1 𝑃𝑑𝑉 = 1−𝐾
= 1−𝐾 (𝑇2 − 𝑇1 )
3
 𝑄 = ∫2 𝑇𝑑𝑠 = 0

2-3 v=cte
3
 𝑊 = ∫2 𝑃𝑑𝑉 = 0
3 3
 𝑄 = ∫2 𝑑𝑈 + ∫2 𝑃𝑑𝑉 = 𝑚𝐶𝑣 (𝑇3 − 𝑇2 )

3-4 s=cte

4 𝑃4 𝑉4 −𝑃3 𝑉3 𝑚𝑅 𝑚𝑅
 𝑊 = ∫3 𝑃𝑑𝑉 = 1−𝐾
= 1−𝐾 (𝑇4 − 𝑇3 ) = − 1−𝐾 (𝑇3 − 𝑇4 )
4
 𝑄 = ∫3 𝑇𝑑𝑠 = 0

4-1 v=cte 𝐶𝑝 = 𝐶𝑣 + 𝑅 𝑘 = 𝐶𝑝 /𝐶𝑣

1
 𝑊 = ∫4 𝑃𝑑𝑉 = 0
1 1
 𝑄 = ∫4 𝑑𝑈 + ∫4 𝑃𝑑𝑉 = 𝑚𝐶𝑣 (𝑇1 − 𝑇4 ) = −𝑚𝐶𝑣 (𝑇4 − 𝑇1 )
 𝑊𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑜 = 𝑚𝐶𝑣 (𝑇3 − 𝑇4 ) − 𝑚𝐶𝑣 (𝑇2 − 𝑇1 ) = 𝑚𝐶𝑣 [𝑇4 (𝑟 𝑘−1 − 1) − 𝑇1 (𝑟 𝑘−1 − 1)]
 𝑄𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑜 = 𝑚𝐶𝑣 (𝑇3 − 𝑇2 ) − 𝑚𝐶𝑣 (𝑇4 − 𝑇1 ) = 𝑚𝐶𝑣 (𝑇4 − 𝑇1 )(𝑟 𝑘−1 − 1)
𝑚𝐶 (𝑇 −𝑇 )
 𝜂 = 1 − 𝑚𝐶𝑣(𝑇4 −𝑇1 ) = 1 − (𝑟𝑘−1)
𝑣 3 2
CICLO DIESEL

1-2 s=cte

2 𝑃2 𝑉2 −𝑃1 𝑉1 𝑚𝑅
 𝑊 = ∫1 𝑃𝑑𝑉 = 1−𝐾
= 1−𝐾 (𝑇2 − 𝑇1 )
3
 𝑄 = ∫2 𝑇𝑑𝑠 = 0

2-3 p=cte
2
 𝑊2−3 = ∫1 𝑃𝑑𝑣 = 𝑃(𝑣3 − 𝑣2 )
3 2
 𝑄2−3 = ∫2 𝑑ℎ − ∫1 𝑣𝑑𝑃 = 𝑚𝑐𝑝 (𝑇3 − 𝑇2 )

3-4 s=cte

4 𝑃4 𝑉4 −𝑃3 𝑉3 𝑚𝑅
 𝑊 = ∫3 𝑃𝑑𝑉 = 1−𝐾
= 1−𝐾 (𝑇4 − 𝑇3 )
4
 𝑄 = ∫3 𝑇𝑑𝑠 = 0

4-1 v=cte
1
 𝑊 = ∫4 𝑃𝑑𝑉 = 0
1 1
 𝑄 = ∫4 𝑑𝑈 + ∫4 𝑃𝑑𝑉 = 𝑚𝐶𝑣 (𝑇1 − 𝑇4 )

 𝑊𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑜 = 𝑚𝐶𝑣 (𝑇1 − 𝑇4 ) + 𝑚𝐶𝑝 (𝑇3 − 𝑇2 )

 𝑄𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑜 = 𝑚𝐶𝑣 (𝑇1 − 𝑇4 ) + 𝑚𝐶𝑝 (𝑇3 − 𝑇2 )
(𝑇 −𝑇 ) 1 𝑣 𝑘−1
 𝜂 = 1 − 𝑘(𝑇4 −𝑇1 ) = 1 − 𝑘 (𝑣2)
3 2 1
CICLO BRAYTON

 𝑊𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑜 = 𝑚𝐶𝑝 (𝑇2 − 𝑇1 + 𝑇4 − 𝑇3 ) = 𝑚𝐶𝑝 (𝑇4 − 𝑇1 )(1 − 𝑟 𝑘−1 )

 𝑄𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑜 = 𝑚𝐶𝑝 (𝑇4 − 𝑇1 )(1 − 𝑟 𝑘−1 )
(𝑇 −𝑇 ) 1
 𝜂 = 1 − (𝑇4−𝑇1) = 1 − 𝑘−1
3 2 𝑉
( 1)
𝑉2
CICLO RANKINE

1-2 s=cte AGUA

2 𝑃2 𝑉2 −𝑃1 𝑉1 𝑚𝑅
 𝑊 = ∫1 𝑃𝑑𝑉 = 1−𝐾
= 1−𝐾 (𝑇2 − 𝑇1 )
3
 𝑄 = ∫2 𝑇𝑑𝑠 = 0

2-3 P=cte (Vapor)

2
 𝑊2−3 = ∫1 𝑃𝑑𝑣 = 𝑃(𝑣3 − 𝑣2 ) = 𝑚𝑅(𝑇3 − 𝑇2 )
3 2
 𝑄2−3 = ∫2 𝑑ℎ − ∫1 𝑣𝑑𝑃 = 𝑚𝑐𝑝𝑣𝑎𝑝𝑜𝑟 (𝑇3 − 𝑇2 )

3-4 s=cte (Vapor)

4 𝑃4 𝑉4 −𝑃3 𝑉3 𝑚𝑅
 𝑊 = ∫3 𝑃𝑑𝑉 = = (𝑇 − 𝑇3 )
1−𝐾 1−𝐾 4
4
 𝑄= ∫3 𝑇𝑑𝑠 =0

4-1 P=cte (Agua)

1
 𝑊4−1 = ∫4 𝑃𝑑𝑣 = 𝑃(𝑣1 − 𝑣4 ) = 𝑚𝑅(𝑇1 − 𝑇4 )
1 1
 𝑄4−1 = ∫4 𝑑ℎ − ∫4 𝑣𝑑𝑃 = 𝑚𝑐𝑝𝑎𝑔. (𝑇1 − 𝑇4 )

 𝑊𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑜 = 𝑚𝑐𝑝𝑣𝑎𝑝. (𝑇3 − 𝑇2 ) + 𝑚𝑐𝑝𝑎𝑔. (𝑇1 − 𝑇4 )

 𝑄𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑜 = 𝑚𝑐𝑝𝑣𝑎𝑝. (𝑇3 − 𝑇2 ) + 𝑚𝑐𝑝𝑎𝑔. (𝑇1 − 𝑇4 )
(𝑇 −𝑇 ) 1
 𝜂 = 1 − (𝑇4−𝑇1) = 1 −
3 2 𝑉 𝑘−1
( 1)
𝑉2