CONFIDENTIAL APIDEC 2014/SUG614 UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA FINAL EXAMINATION COURSE : HYDROGRAPHIC SURVEYING COURSE CODE SUG614 EXAMINATION : DECEMBER 2014 TIME 3 HOURS d This question paper consists of four (4) questions. 2 Answer ALL questions in the Answer Booklet. Start each answer on a new page. 3 Do not bring any material into the examination room unless permission is given by the invigilator, 4 Please check to make sure that this examination pack consists of i) the Question Paper ji) an Answer Booklet — provided by the Faculty DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO This examination paper consists of 5 printed pages © Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIALCONFIDENTIAL 2 APIDEC 2014/SUG614 QUESTION 1 a) Two GPS units are provided which comprised of a base and a rover unit with additional ‘equipment a radio link to make a complete set of DGPS for hydrographic survey work. Describe the technique of DGPS based on the above equipment. (8 marks) b) One of the techniques under acoustic positioning system is Long Base Line (LBL). Explain the basic working principle of LBL and emphasis on measurement of distances between master and slaves components that will determine the position of a survey vessel. (5 marks) ¢) CP1 and CP2 are shore control points used to intersect a prism P1 installed on a survey boat as shown in Figure 1. Calculate the coordinate of P1 using the following survey data. As a check, calculate the coordinate of P1 from CP1 and CP2. Coordinate of CP1 E 2100.350m : N 4211.807m Coordinate of CP2 E 2633.115m : N 4156.983m Distance CP1-P1 414.240m Distance CP2-P1 367.880m Figure 1 Positioning by optical method (12 marks) (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologl MARA, CONFIDENTIALCONFIDENTIAL 3 APIDEC 2014/SUG614 QUESTION 2 a) Show the basic formula for sonar. Use this formula to explain the working principle of echo sounder in measuring depth within water column, (6 marks) b) Calculate reduced sounding based on Land Surveying Datum (LSD) and Chart Datum (CD) for point Z using the following survey data and information given in Figure 2. Leveling is made on the top of the tide pole. What conclusion can be made on the reduced sounding of point Z based on CD? Staff reading A 2 1.232 m Staff reading B 4.475 m Reduced level of TBM _: 1.609m Sounding depth of point Z: 28 m Length of tide pole 5.0m Tide pole reading =: 4.45 m Chart Datum : 4.200 m below TBM c Zero tide pole Figure 2. Sounding information (7 marks) ©) One of the requirements by IHO for single beam echo sounding in coastal area is that the sounding line direction should approximately normal to expected contours. Explain the technical reasons to comply the requirement. Provide relevant diagrams to justify your answers. (5 marks) (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL,CONFIDENTIAL, 4 APIDEC 2014/SUG614 ) Given a survey area with dimension 5 km along the coast and 2 km seaward. The bathymetric project will be surveyed using single beam echo sounder. The proposed final scale is 1:2000. With reference to IHO standard, answer the following requirements: ’) Line spacing ii) Fix interval iii) Number of sounding line iv) Total sounding distance v) Total hour required for sounding if the survey speed is 6 knots (7 marks) QUESTION 3 a) Based on the side scan image (Figure 3) calculate the height in across track direction and dimension in along track direction of object A using information below: ’) Speed of sound 1500 m/s ji) Tow fish height 1.5 cm on the image iii) T.w.t 1/8 second iv) Side scan roll width 30 cm Fix 10: £11201: N4421.2 Fix 11: £1105.7: N4401.3 > Figure 3 Side scan sonar image (14 marks) (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL,CONFIDENTIAL 5 APIDEC 2014/SUG614 b) With the aid of diagrams, explain in detail how to fix the side scan tow fish position if the main positioning system onboard is DGPS. A gyro is used to provide the vessel's heading. (8 marks) ©) Explain the procedures for roll, pitch and yaw offset determination under multibeam echo sounder calibration, (6 marks) QUESTION 4 a) Define four zones as stated under UNCLOS and explain the rights and jurisdictions in each zone. (8 marks) b) Calculate the following sounding datum transfer for semi-diunal tidal area (Table 1). True Spring Mean Level at the established gauge is not known. Table 1 Tidal data (11 marks) ©) Differentiate between atoll, istand and low tide elevation as stated under UNCLOS. (6 marks) END OF QUESTION PAPER (© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL