Mod 3.4

Diploma in Telecommunications
Management Studies (DTMS)
Module 3: Next Generation Networks and Services
Krish Raghunundhun
Email: raghunk@telkomsa.net
Cell: +27 81 765 4733
Okwenza
Technologies
Study Unit 4 – Migration of legacy systems
to NGN
Okwenza
Technologies
Topics
• The Path towards NGN Solution

• NGN capabilities for migration
• Generic migration scenarios
• Technical considerations
Okwenza
Technologies
20 October 2016 Okwenza Technologies Proprietary Information 3

The Path towards NGN Solution (1..14)
NGN
Why
migrate?
migrate
Step 1
What
requirements?
requirements
Step 2
Which
architecture?
Step 3
PSTN
Okwenza
Technologies

Step 1 – Why migrate to NGN? (2..14)
• Telecom service provider

– PSTN infrastructure renewal
– Network extension: Greenfield and rural areas
– Improve OPEX, reduce CAPEX
– Provide new services
• Virtual voice service provider
– Reduce costs: Bypass other operators’ network
– Provide new services (IP Centrex)
• ISP/broadband provider
– Extend business with voice services to broadband
customers
– Extend addressable market to narrowband customers
Okwenza
Technologies

Legacy and NGN Services of Fixed
Line Operators (3..14)
Legacy Services NGN Services
POTS
Voice ISDN BRA VoIP
ISDN PRA
DSL (IP/Ethernet)
Dial-In
Internet Access 100BaseT
DSL (ATM)
1 GbE
PDH/SDH (LL)
DSL (IP/Ethernet)
X.21 …
Data 100BaseT
FR
1 GbE
ATM
Relevant for Residential
Business
Okwenza
Technologies

Legacy and NGN Services of Fixed
Line Operators (4..14)
• Legacy services will Fixed retail telecom services (World)

800.000
not be neglectable for 700.000
many years 600.000
– Legacy voice revenues
US$ (Mill.)
500.000
will decline sharply, but it 400.000
will still deliver a major 300.000
part of the revenues. 200.000
– Legacy data will decline 100.000
smoothly 0
2005 2010
Broadband, Internet & NGN Data

NGN Voice
Legacy Data
Legacy Voice
Okwenza
Technologies

PSTN Migration to NGN –
Architectural View (5..14)
MONOLITHIC SWITCH ARCHITECTURE
TDM Class 5
Switch
Open, standardised Interfaces

NGN ARCHITECTURE
Okwenza
Technologies

NGN vs. PSTN (Telephony) (6..14)
TRADITIONAL ARCHITECTURE
ISDN, Q.931 Switch Fabric Signalling

NT SS7
Controller Links
Line
Cards
POTS, CAS t/r Trunk Class 5
PSTN
Cards Switch
TDM Switch
NGN ARCHITECTURE
ISDN, Q.931 Media Gateway Signalling

NT SS7
Controller Gateway
Media
Gateway
POTS, CAS t/r Trunk Class 5

Packet Network PSTN
Gateway Switch
Okwenza
Technologies

Step 2 – Which Requirements? (7..14)
Increase
Revenues
&
Leverage the revenues of Profitability Implement "new"
residential and business
 POTS
services
 ISDN
Reduce  IPTV (Triple Play)
 Leased Lines
OPEX  VPN
 … Maintain Increase  LAN-LAN
legacy services new services
 …
revenues revenue
 Migrate legacy services to NGN platforms

 Reduce no. of operational platforms
 Enhance OAM&P processes
Okwenza
Technologies

Step 2 – Reference Case (8..14)
Customer
Speed to experience and
market empowerment
Cost
transformation
The transformation has a radical strategy …

 Broadband everywhere…
 Replacing the PSTN
 PSTN transformation trial
 A world first for a telecom company
Okwenza
Technologies

NGN Voice Service Provisioning (9..14)
GW = Gateway
TDM POTS
GW
ISDN
Soft Switch 1
2 TDM
POTS 3
ISDN
4
H.248/SIP
Trunk GW Packet Network NT-1

Access
GW
POTS
(Core/Metro IP, MPLS)
ISDN
PSTN Signalling
GW
SIP SIP
SS7 DSL/cable
DSL/cable Residential
POTS
1 = Centralised Gateway GW ISDN
2 = Access Gateway
3 = Residential Gateway
4 = Soft Phones
Okwenza
Technologies

Step 3 – Which Architecture? (10..14)
MGC
PSTN CO
MGC BICC or H.248 TG
SIP-T or SIP
SS7
SG
H.248 Packet
or SIP SIGTRAN
Network
TG/SG
NT-1
SIP or
H.323
SIP or
H.323
IP-Phone/
Multi-Media PC
Proxy- Gatekeeper
Server
Okwenza
Technologies

Step 3 – Which Architecture? (11..14)
CLASS 4 NGN
Signalling Media Gateway Signalling
SS7 SS7
Gateway Controller Gateway
CO Trunk Trunk CO
PSTN Packet Network PSTN
Switch Gateway Gateway Switch
CLASS 5 NGN
ISDN/ POTS/
Q.931 Signalling Media Gateway Signalling CAS t/r
NT1
Gateway Controller Gateway
POTS/ Media Media IAD

CAS t/r Gateway Gateway Residential
Packet Network
gateway
Okwenza
Technologies

Access Gateway Architecture –
Distributed vs. Centralised (12..14)
Application
Server
Continuity of service 
Distributed PSTN, SS7 interworking 
MGC
Access Gateway
Packet Costs ?
swiched
Application
Server network
MGC
AG
Metro
Packet network
swiched
network
AG
AG
∎ New services
∎ Broadband services
∎ Triple Play
Centralised Access
PSTN, SS7 interworking  Gateway
Costs 
Okwenza
Technologies

Advantages – Distributed Access
Gateway (13..14)
• Keep the phone, no re-cabling
Distributed
Access Gateway • Keep the service
Application
• No impact on end user
Server
MGC PSTN, SS7 interworking 

• Signalling gateways
Packet
swiched
• SIGTRA
network
AG
Costs 
AG • Less network element
• Low incremental investment

1. Local Call Routing
• Improve network availability
2. Compression
• More efficient transmission capacity
– Local call routing
– Compression
Okwenza
Technologies

Advantages – Distributed Access
Gateway (14..14)
New revenue 
Distributed
Access Gateway • Broadband services
Application
• Triple Play
Server
MGC
Packet
swiched
network
AG
AG
1. Local Call Routing

2. Compression
Okwenza
Technologies

NGN capabilities for migration (1..10)
• NGN equips two different capabilities; emulation

and simulation.
– NGN Emulation supports provision of PSTN/ISDN service
capabilities and interfaces but using adaptation function for
fitting to the NGN using IP.
– NGN Simulation supports provision of PSTN/ISDN-like
service capabilities using session control over IP interfaces
and infrastructure.
Okwenza
Technologies

• Emulation capability
• Adaptation Function (ADF) should take an

essential role to use NGN Emulation capability.
• ADF provides connection to the NGN of legacy
terminal devices such as legacy telephone and
uses their services
Okwenza
Technologies

• Simulation capability
UNI UNI
NGN
User User
equipment equipment
NGN Simulation with NGN terminals
UNI
UNI
NGN ADF1
User
User equipment
equipment NGN Simulation with NGN terminal and
non-NGN terminal
Okwenza
Technologies

• Interworking between Emulation and Simulation

capability
UNI NNI UNI
NGN PSTN/ISDN
User
equipment
User
equipment
Okwenza
Technologies

• Interworking NGN Simulation with Legacy IP
UNI NNI UNI
NGN IP network
User
equipment
User
equipment
Okwenza
Technologies

Generic migration scenarios (6..10)
– Expand the core transmission capacity;

– Develop a core NGN overlay with call servers and media
gateways, then interconnect or interworking with PSTN;
– Install NGN access nodes (e.g., MSANs: Multi-Service
Access Nodes) at legacy access network sites, stop buying
more legacy access system;
– Migrate those customers who want advanced features, or
fast Internet, or new NGN services onto the NGN access
nodes;
– May need to use a number portability technology for call
routing if number is not going to change, since number
block is normally related to the Remote Concentrator Unit,
unless whole unit is replaced, and;
– When number of subscribers on legacy access nodes is
small, then the remainder migrate to NGN nodes.
Okwenza
Technologies

Generic migration scenarios (7..10)
Introduction
of NGN
Extension Extension
of NGN of NGN
Access Core Access

network network network
Volume
Legacy Networks
(Voice services)
NGN Simulation
Time
Okwenza
Technologies

Overlay scenario (8..10)
Overlay NGN network

ADF
expansion
NGNNGN NGN NGN
ADF
ADF
IWF
shrink
Legacy Legacy
Networks Networks
Okwenza
Technologies

Replacement scenario (9..10)
Overlay
NGN network
ADF
ADF NGN NGN-A

Core (Simul.)
ADF
IWF Replace
Legacy
NGN-A
(Emul.)
Networks
Legacy Legacy-
Core Access
Replace
Legacy- Legacy-
Access Legacy- Access
Access
Okwenza
Technologies

Scope of considerations for
migration (10..10)
Government
Policy
Roles & responsibility
National vision
Strategies & Policy
National
User Vision and Regulation
Demands Plans
Status of User domains Objectives and strategy
New requirements Regulatory environments
Potentials
Business
Status of business
Domestic capability
Relationship with others
Okwenza
Technologies

Technical considerations (1..7)
• For better and smooth migration, followings are

recommended as consideration points:
– Growth of voice service market and dilemma to grow with
legacy PSTN/ISDN or with the NGN;
– Seamless continuity of services as well as backward
compatibility of voice services;
– Inter-working with existing legacy equipment;
– Provision of new communication services to emerging
users in addition to existing network services;
– Possibilities offered through NGN migration to grow new
markets (broadband, triple/quadruple-play) and enrich
infrastructure competition between distinct access
platforms;
Okwenza
Technologies

• OPEX with legacy networks vs. CAPEX for new

NGN infrastructure;
• Timelines for the whole process of migration, and;
– Decision to begin replacement of infrastructure;
– A significant portion of users switches to NGN services, the
other direction, reduction of true PSTN/ISDN usage visible;
• Replacement parts of the infrastructure (e.g. local
switch) by new infrastructure, without forcing all
users to migrate.
Okwenza
Technologies

• In general, PSTN/ISDN is comprised of the

following entities, each with one or multiple
functionalities:
– Transport entities (including switching, transmission and
physical mediums): physical PSTN/ISDN infrastructures
with forming access and core networks;
– Control and signalling: identify communication end points
and forming control centre for the communications;
– Management: monitor, maintain and repair of
communication services and networks to keep operations
and provision properly;
– Service: mainly voice or speech class of services including
voice-band data and in the case of ISDN narrow-band
information services are also available.
Okwenza
Technologies

Transport aspects
• Transport is the most significant and fundamental
parts to be considered whenever think about the
migration or transition
– core network during the migration process should be
prepared providing managed capabilities in terms support
of QoS, security and mobility
– physical medium should be aimed using optic fibre based
infrastructure whether SDH, IP, Ethernet, WDM will be
used on top of the fibre together or not
Okwenza
Technologies

• Core network structure during migration
Ref: “Migration to NGN and NGN costs”, ITU-TCI NGN Migration Strategy, John Horrocks
Okwenza
Technologies

• Access Network (Migration in MDF site)
Note: HG (Home Gateway), RSU (Remote Service Unit), DSLAM (Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer),
MSAN (Multi-Services Access Node), GB (GigaBit), MDF (Main Distribution Frame)
Okwenza
Technologies

Schedule for PSTN Network
Reconstruction (7..7)
Okwenza
Technologies

Summary – Evolution towards NGN
(1..4)
• Legacy PSTN
– Intelligent Network (IN) was built on top of PSTN and
centralised some services.
• Deployment of any services other than voice services was
complicated and usually required a new protocol set.
Okwenza
Technologies

(2..4)
• Softswitch based NGN

– IP networks at the transport layer
• softswitch architecture is characterised by one monolithic
control block and one or more media (voice) gateways.
Okwenza
Technologies

(3..4)
• IMS based NGN

– IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS). The idea behind IMS is to
provide a de-composed architecture with well standardised
interfaces between functional elements.
Okwenza
Technologies

(4..4)
• Evolution of telco networks.
Okwenza
Technologies

Network Architecture in the NGN
Solution – Huawei (1..3)
Okwenza
Technologies

IMS Solution – Huawei (2..3)
Okwenza
Technologies

Converged Architecture for Future
Networks (3..3)
Okwenza
Technologies

Group Work
Okwenza
Technologies

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Diploma in Telecommunications

Management Studies (DTMS)

Module 3: Next Generation Networks and Services

• The Path towards NGN Solution

20 October 2016 Okwenza Technologies Proprietary Information 3

20 October 2016 Okwenza Technologies Proprietary Information 4

• Telecom service provider

20 October 2016 Okwenza Technologies Proprietary Information 5

Legacy Services NGN Services

20 October 2016 Okwenza Technologies Proprietary Information 6

• Legacy services will Fixed retail telecom services (World)

– Legacy voice revenues

will decline sharply, but it 400.000

will still deliver a major 300.000

part of the revenues. 200.000

– Legacy data will decline 100.000

Broadband, Internet & NGN Data

20 October 2016 Okwenza Technologies Proprietary Information 7

MONOLITHIC SWITCH ARCHITECTURE

Open, standardised Interfaces

20 October 2016 Okwenza Technologies Proprietary Information 8

ISDN, Q.931 Switch Fabric Signalling

ISDN, Q.931 Media Gateway Signalling

POTS, CAS t/r Trunk Class 5

20 October 2016 Okwenza Technologies Proprietary Information 9

 Migrate legacy services to NGN platforms

20 October 2016 Okwenza Technologies Proprietary Information 10

The transformation has a radical strategy …

20 October 2016 Okwenza Technologies Proprietary Information 11

Trunk GW Packet Network NT-1

20 October 2016 Okwenza Technologies Proprietary Information 12

20 October 2016 Okwenza Technologies Proprietary Information 13

POTS/ Media Media IAD

20 October 2016 Okwenza Technologies Proprietary Information 14

20 October 2016 Okwenza Technologies Proprietary Information 15

MGC PSTN, SS7 interworking 

• Low incremental investment

20 October 2016 Okwenza Technologies Proprietary Information 16

1. Local Call Routing

20 October 2016 Okwenza Technologies Proprietary Information 17

• NGN equips two different capabilities; emulation

20 October 2016 Okwenza Technologies Proprietary Information 18

• Adaptation Function (ADF) should take an

20 October 2016 Okwenza Technologies Proprietary Information 19

NGN Simulation with NGN terminals

20 October 2016 Okwenza Technologies Proprietary Information 20

• Interworking between Emulation and Simulation

UNI NNI UNI

20 October 2016 Okwenza Technologies Proprietary Information 21

• Interworking NGN Simulation with Legacy IP

UNI NNI UNI

20 October 2016 Okwenza Technologies Proprietary Information 22

– Expand the core transmission capacity;

20 October 2016 Okwenza Technologies Proprietary Information 23

Access Core Access

20 October 2016 Okwenza Technologies Proprietary Information 24

Overlay NGN network

20 October 2016 Okwenza Technologies Proprietary Information 25

ADF NGN NGN-A

20 October 2016 Okwenza Technologies Proprietary Information 26

20 October 2016 Okwenza Technologies Proprietary Information 27

• For better and smooth migration, followings are

20 October 2016 Okwenza Technologies Proprietary Information 28