Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Practice
School of Health and Allied Sciences
University of Saint Louis
• Water Specifications
– Water is most-used reagent in lab.
– Labs require reagent grade water.
– Basic parameters: microbiologic count, pH, resistivity, silicate,
particulate matter, organics
• Self-draining
• Absence of etched rings
• Liquid is allowed to drain by gravity
Copyright © 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Measuring vessels
• Pipets
– Types
• Transfer pipet
• Volumetric pipet
• For nonviscous fliud—self draining
• Has a cylindrical bulb located midway the
mouthpiece and the tip
• Used to deliver an exact amount of fluid
• Oswald Folin
• Has bulb like enlargement and with etched ring
• For viscous fluid
• Blowout pipet
Copyright © 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Measuring vessels
• Pipets
– Types
• Transfer pipet
• Pasteur pipet
• Transfers fluid without consideration of a specific
volume
• Automatic macro or micropipette
• Graduated or Measuring pipet
• Serological
• With graduation marks up to the tip
• Generally a blowout pipet
• Mohr pipet
• Without graduations to the tip; Self-draining
Copyright © 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Measuring vessels
• Pipets
– Types
• Graduated or Measuring pipet
• Bacteriologic pipet
• Ball, Kolmer and Kalin
• Micropipet- TC pipets
• Dispenser/Dilutor pipet
• Obtains the liquid from a common reservoir and
dispense it repeatedly
• Combine sampling and dispensing functions
• Notes to remember
– Acid dichromate or concentrates sulfuric acid or
water: cleaning solution for glasswares
– 0.1% phenol red solution in distilled water: used
to compare the reproducibility of brands of pipet
tips
– Class A pipets do not require recalibration;
gravimetric method is utilized for calibration of
non Class A pipets
– Pipets should be held vertically when delivering
liquids
• Balances
– Classified by:
• Design
• Number of pans (single or double)
• Mechanical vs. electronic
• Operating range: precision, analytic, microbalance
• Dialysis
– Solution is put in bag or on one side of semipermeable
membrane.
– Larger molecules remain in bag or on one side of membrane;
smaller molecules and solvents are diffused out.
• Dilutions Calculations
– Simple dilutions
– Serial dilutions
• Chain of Custody
– Lab tests related to crime or accident are forensic.
– Documented specimen identification is required at each phase of
process.
– Tamper-proof seal