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http://www.instructables.com/id/RTL-SDR-FM-radio-receiver-with-GNU-Radio-Companion/
Intro: RTL-SDR FM radio receiver with GNU Radio Companion
RTL-SDR is currently very popular topic on the Net. There are also many guides on how to use it on Windows and Linux too. But starting to use it myself I haven't found
any guide that explains whole process from installing necessary drivers and software to building first simple receiver using GNU Radio which is the most capable
software which could be used with RTL28xxU chips and that's what this Instructable is about. It should be, for me I hope too, first step to learn how the thing works from
scratch and to make projects capable of capturing signals that wasn't decoded using RTL-SDR yet i.e. 433 MHz band.
http://www.instructables.com/id/RTL-SDR-FM-radio-receiver-with-GNU-Radio-Companion/
Step 4: Connecting the hardware and installing software
The first thing is to connect your dongle and check if it has appropriate chips using
$ dmesg | tail
or
$ journalctl
Here I had some troubles with default driver of the dongle that was hanging OS when I unplugged it so I had to disable that driver by creating new .conf file in
/etc/modprobe.d that contains one line:
blacklist dvb_usb_rtl28xxu
add that file to initrd by inserting its path to FILES variable in /etc/mkinitcpio.conf:
FILES="/etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf"
and generate new image by mkinitcpio -p linux
Now after system restart the problem was solved.
(on other systems the procedure will probably be completely different)
After fixing driver problem you can install packages needed to use RTL-SDR.
Here we will install 'rtl-sdr', 'sdrsharp-svn', 'gnuradio' and 'gr-osmosdr-git'.
rtl-sdr is the main driver and can be installed on Arch from community repo:
# pacman -S rtl-sdr
or its git version available on AUR as rtl-sdr-git
SDR# is the program that offers basic capability to decode FM and AM radio and have easy to learn GUI so using it is the best for beginners. It is available on AUR as
sdrsharp-svn.
The most capable software for RTL-SDR is GNU Radio and its graphical tool: GNU Radio Companion. It is also available on AUR (name: gnuradio). It is also required to
install package gr-osmosdr-git from AUR that is needed to use RTL-SDR dongle as source in GRC.
(and again on different operating system whole process is different, maybe simpler maybe harder, not tested myself but on Ubuntu rtl-sdr should be available from apt-get
and on Fedora it should also be on default repositories, gnuradio has good installation instruction here: http://gnuradio.org/redmine/projects/gnuradio/wiki/InstallingGR )
SDR# could now be used also to find station which signal is strong enough to be received without any disruptions. If you found one after making the program you can
check if it's working on that station as good as on SDR#.
http://www.instructables.com/id/RTL-SDR-FM-radio-receiver-with-GNU-Radio-Companion/
Step 6: RTL-SDR Source
osmocom Source can also be used here. We can find both of them in Sources category on the right sidebar of GRC. Our signal input. We need to set its sample rate to
2M. It can be done by editing samp_rate variable and setting its value to 2e6. Here we will also set the frequency of the station we want to receive.
Image Notes
1. Our variables' names.
Image Notes
1. Sample rate. The best will be probably to set it to 2e6
2. Radio station frequency.
http://www.instructables.com/id/RTL-SDR-FM-radio-receiver-with-GNU-Radio-Companion/
Step 7: Low pass filter
The next step is to filter out frequencies other than the one we centered in th previous step. In that task we will use a low pass filter block. It can be found on filters
category. We here set cutoff frequency to 100e3. This is because that's standard band's width. I don't know what correct value for transition width should be, but trying to
change that I found that the higher value the better so it's finally set to 1M. We also sets decimation to value "int(samp_rate/quadrature)" so it will be slowly matching to
our sound card's sample rate.
Image Notes
1. As in the previous step we create variables to make any future changes easier.
Their values are 100e3 and 1e6 for cutoff and transition respectively.
Image Notes
1. Just like before, values are set to variables created.
Image Notes
1. Another value needed for sample rate matching. Its value is 500e3.
2. We could decimate the signal here by 10 but it still would not match the sound card's rate.
Image Notes
1. volume variable set as ordinary variable.
http://www.instructables.com/id/RTL-SDR-FM-radio-receiver-with-GNU-Radio-Companion/
Image Notes
1. volume variable as slider
2. its ID
3. caption
4. default, minimum and maximum values
http://www.instructables.com/id/RTL-SDR-FM-radio-receiver-with-GNU-Radio-Companion/
Image Notes
1. Additional rational resampler with decimation set to "int(samp_rate/quadrature)".
2. Low pass filter with decimation hardcoded to 1.
3. Another modification for easier frequency setting. Old variable has been
disabled.
Related Instructables
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and easily by SDR Radio stangtime for under 50$
sdobbie receiver for $15
(Digital,Sideband, (video) by mrworf
AM, FM etc
(Photos) by Toby
Robb
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http://www.instructables.com/id/RTL-SDR-FM-radio-receiver-with-GNU-Radio-Companion/