Name: Dwi Yulianasari

NIM: 3211419003

Task: Basic Natural Science

MULTIPLE CROPPING

Multiple cropping is a method of planting suitable for planting two or more plants in one field at the
same time arranged in neat rows. Planting with intercropping methods is carried out only on crops
that have only one harvest season such as vegetables. Intercropping plants are very good if combined
with two core plants and one repellent plant, such as planting one row of spinach, one row of cabbage
and in the middle of onion leaves because leeks can resist pests. Multiple cropping leaders should
have different age or growth periods, different needs for environmental factors such as water,
humidity, light and humidity, because if they have the same needs, plants will compete.

Intercropping can also be done on a single crop (monoculture) of a large estate crop or forestry plant
when the main crop is still small or not yet productive. This is known as intercropping. Corn or
soybeans are usually selected interlocutors.

The surjan cultivation system, a form of local wisdom from southern Yogyakarta, can also be classified
as intercropping. Similar concepts of intercropping can be extended to other farming classes. In
forestry, the combination of planting between annual crops and forest trees is known as agroforestry.
A similar concept is also applied to the cultivation of rice and freshwater fish in paddy fields known as
rice mina. Intercropping planting patterns can maximize land compared to monoculture patterns
because:

Yields on small tracts of land can be several times with different harvesting ages and types of plants,

the farmer gets a mutually beneficial sale or replaces each different type of plant and,

the risk of loss can be reduced because it is divided on each plant.

The use of compound fertilizer in intercropping is more beneficial because:

cheaper than a single fertilizer and, use once. But the technology system model is still a few people
who implement it.

The Ministry of Agriculture (Kementa) continues to spur shallots and garlic production by encouraging
intercropping cultivation systems between shallots and garlic as practiced by farmers in Cimenyan
District, Bandung Regency. "Currently in this area planted shallots and garlic are planted with a 500
hectare intercropping system. The potential is 1,000 hectares, so there are still 500 more hectares
ready to be planted again, "said the Director General of Horticulture Ministry of Agriculture, Kelvin
when reviewing intercropping cultivation of shallots and garlic in Pakarmanik Village, Cimenyan
District, Bandung Regency, Thursday (5/23) .Suwandi explained that the development of intercropping
cultivation was one of the efforts to increase the availability of shallots and garlic to meet the domestic
needs independently.

The intercropping system at this location really provides quite high profits, it can be planted 3 times
onion and 2 times garlic in a year. "The production of this type of green onion per hectare reaches 12
tons, the price is Rp 18,000 and costs Rp 12,000 per kg. Can profit IDR 6 thousand per kilogram or
profit 72 million per hectare. In normal conditions, his income is quite high, "he explained.

Young farmer who cultivates shallots and garlic with a sari system, Ujang Margana explained that his
intercropping cultivation was done by planting shallots and garlic in one hole or close together,
planting distance of 5 times 15 cm. With the current weather, shallot production reaches 12 tons per
hectare, with a harvest age of 70 days. The cost reaches Rp 70 to 80 million per hectare and the selling
price to the Indonesian Farmers' Store is Rp 18 thousand per kg.

"We always sell at the Indonesian Farmers Store (TTI), the price never goes down, we always get a
favorable price. Last month we just brought it to the Bazaar in Bogor with 6 tons. "The supply to the
Indonesian Farmers' Store Center (TTIC) in Jakarta from mid-April until now is almost 45 tons," he said.

For garlic, production reaches 16 tons per hectare. The garlic is the Sembalun variety. The land in
Cimenyan is very fertile so that the intercropping system can be planted intensely onion 3 times a year
and garlic 2 times a year. "We use organic fertilizer and to reduce production costs, some use plant-
based pesticides," he explained. In the same place, Head of the Horticulture Division of the West Java
Provincial Agriculture Office, Uung Gumilar said the potential for developing shallots and garlic is very
broad. Besides Cimenyan, other locations developed by garlic are Arjasari, Pangalengan, Pacet, Paseh,
Ciwidei, Kartasari, Tanjungwangi. "We are optimistic that the need for onions, especially garlic with
the current Ministry of Agriculture program, can meet our own needs. Importers have worked
together to grow garlic with farmers, "he said.

Head of Horticulture Division of the Bandung Regency Agriculture Office, Jumhana said the Bandung
Regency government is fully encouraging the central government's efforts to achieve garlic self-
sufficiency. For the cultivation of shallots, in Bandung regency has already been planted and farmers
are already accustomed to planting it. "As for the development of garlic in the process of mapping
suitable land for planting. But we are optimistic that in Bandung regency there will be enough land
suitable for garlic, "he said.