MOSI 1.

PRO
food diversity and sustainable consumption education for Indonesia's readiness to face
the global food crisis. Previously, we must get to know more about what food diversity is, so
food diversity is a form of diverse food sources consumed by the community as their staple
food. In Indonesia, people consume rice as their staple food, they consume this rice in large
quantities ranging from small children to adults, food diversity education in Indonesia is very
rarely done and is still classified as laymen even though Indonesia has a lot of potential in
developing this sector as an increase in food diversity:
- Indonesia has more than 275 million people who consume rice every day as a staple food, a
very brilliant idea if Indonesia shifts the direction of the staple food from rice to other
alternatives.
- Indonesia has tremendous natural diversity, especially in terms of food and food ranging
from agriculture, plantations, fisheries, and others.
- Alternative foods as staple foods such as rice are also commonly consumed by local
communities, there are at least 6 alternative staple foods as explained by BPH (National Food
Agency) namely corn, bananas, cassava, taro, sago, and potato
KONTRA
- Based on statistical data Indonesia has more than 267 million people who need to consume
food every day, as we know Indonesian people have consumed rice since the time of their
ancestors even from small children to adults have consumed rice as a staple food that must be
eaten every day, even to the point that there is a saying "it's not eating if you haven't eaten
rice" so with this, increasing food diversity is not a major problem for Indonesia in an effort
to deal with the current world food crisis.
- It is better for the government and society to focus on increasing the amount of food and
food production rather than just practicing diverse consumption education, based on data
from the Central Bureau of Statistics stating that the production of flavor that is suplus every
year is now decreasing compared to the previous year from 4.37 tons to 1.74 billion tons
recorded in 2022, while we know that the population in Indonesia is very productive and
continues to grow rapidly from time to time so the right way is to overcome the food crisis by
increasing food production itself.
MOSI 2. (This House believes that Indonesia should prioritize sustainable agricultural
practices over increased food production to tackle the global food crisis.)
PRO
- Previously we need to know what sustainable agriculture is, so sustainable agriculture is
agriculture that utilizes natural resources and ecological principles to meet food and natural
resource needs without damaging the natural environment which rests on 3 pillars namely
Ecology, Economy and Social. Where this agriculture runs in harmony with nature, producing
without doing damage to nature, planting without causing harm to the environment.
Sustainable agriculture means continuing and not just stuck in place in the sense that
sustainable agriculture is an agriculture that will always happen and does not focus on results
but the content and meaning of agriculture itself.
- Indonesia must practice sustainable agriculture because the most powerful main factor is,
agriculture that focuses on increasing production alone is not necessarily good agriculture,
data recorded that Indonesia uses more than 283 kilotons of pesticides in agricultural
production, and fertilizer consumption in Indonesia is recorded to range from 10 to 11 million
tons based on data from the statistical center.
- This shows that Indonesia uses a lot of chemicals that can have a negative impact on human
health, where these chemicals if consumed continuously will cause serious problems in the
human body.
- The impact given to the environment in terms of the soil itself, the continuous use of
fertilizers and pesticides will result in disruption of the balance of nutrients, besides the use of
pesticides can result in the death of beneficial microbes for soil and plants to make pests
resistant to these pesticides.
- In addition, the most crucial thing is the high price of fertilizers, where based on data from
the National Resilience Institute, the price of fertilizers has increased 2 times compared to the
past ten years, recorded in March 2022.
- Organic materials that are easily available
CONTRA
- Indonesia with a population of more than 275 million people who need to be fed so that
sustainable agricultural practices are less effective to be implemented in Indonesia, this is due
to Indonesia's environment which has a tropical climate that has two seasons, namely rainy
and dry, with this tropical climate making Indonesia able to plant various types of plants but
this makes Indonesia also have a number of diverse pests and diseases in large numbers so
that it becomes a big problem in the world of agriculture.
- Pests and diseases that live in the tropics like Indonesia, not like Japanese agriculture that
does not have to worry about pests because the country has a cold climate so that plant-
disturbing microbes cannot live there, Indonesia itself has a tropical climate that will make a
nest for pests and plant-disturbing microbes as a habitat that suits their life force, if
implementing sustainable agriculture then the use of pesticides cannot be applied, so it is
prone to food failure while Indonesians as many as 275 million people must still be fed so it
is not possible for Indonesia to implement sustainable agriculture on a wide scale to face the
global food crisis.
- Can conduct food diversity education for the community so that they do not only consume
the staple food of rice but other foods.
- Indonesia must increase agricultural production by supporting small-scale farms and local
farmers to increase food production.
MOSI 3
- Empowering local farmers is an extraordinary step that the government can take to improve
agriculture in Indonesia, based on data from the central statistics agency the number of
individual agricultural businesses (UTP) is 29 million units or down 7.45 percent from 2013
which amounted to 31 million units. This is due to the lack of empowerment of local farmers
resulting in a lack of interest of young farmers in agriculture.
- 95% of food providers in Indonesia come from local farmers.
- It is recorded that the agricultural business by young farmers in Indonesia is only 8% of the
many sectors of the agricultural world that are less attractive to young people, so starting
from improving local farmers by empowering local farmers is the key to agriculture in
Indonesia.
- Improving agroecology in the world of agriculture is a miracle in the world of agriculture
Where Indonesian agriculture is still based on nature compared to utilizing technology, with
increased technology, of course agriculture will increasingly become more structured so that
it can prepare itself for the challenges posed by the food crisis.
CONTRA
- Local farmers are farmers who produce agricultural products locally or individually, it needs
to be underlined here that local farmers produce for individuals or themselves and not for
distribution to the public, where local farmers usually store stocks of agricultural products for
their own consumption, not for food self-sufficiency that can be distributed to the entire
population in Indonesia.
- The number of farmers continues to decline over time with a recorded decline in the number
of farmers in the last 5 years from 28.8 million people to 26.2 million people being the main
problem due to a lack of interest in agriculture and switching to other sectors rather than
agriculture.
- Empowering farmers is not enough to help Indonesia overcome the food crisis.
- According to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the use of
improved crop varieties, modern irrigation techniques, and efficient fertilizer management
can significantly increase agricultural productivity. Ecological-based farming is not efficient
for agricultural production, modern farming with the use of advanced technology can achieve
far greater yields than such methods
- Modern agriculture can be more resilient to climate change and natural disasters through
adaptation technologies. Case studies from countries with modern agricultural systems show
that technologies such as early warning systems and smart water resource management can
reduce the negative impacts of climate change on agriculture.
MOSI 4 (This House believes that implementing strict regulations on food waste at the
consumer and commercial levels is imperative for Indonesia to effectively combat the
global food crisis.)
PRO
- According to a report by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), more than a
third of the world's food production is thrown away each year, and this wastage contributes
significantly to the global food crisis. Implementing strict regulations on food waste can help
reduce food waste at the consumer and commercial levels.
- Reducing food waste can improve national food security by maximizing the use of existing
resources. Based on research from the Institute of Food and Agricultural Development,
countries that successfully reduce food waste through policies and regulations have higher
levels of food security.
- Strict regulations can promote efficiency in the food supply chain, from production to
consumption. Studies published in the scientific journal "Food Policy" show that
implementing strict regulations on food waste can improve efficiency in food distribution and
storage, reducing losses along the supply chain.
- Reducing food waste can also have a positive impact on the environment by reducing
greenhouse gas emissions generated by food spoilage. A report from the United States
Environment Agency states that food waste rotting in landfills contributes to methane
emissions, which is a more potent greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide.
- Strict regulations can promote sustainable consumption practices, including more efficient
use of resources and wiser product selection. Consumer surveys show that when strict
regulations are applied to food waste, consumers become more aware and committed to
adopting more sustainable consumption practices.

CONTRA
- The implementation of strict regulations may cause resistance from consumers and business
owners who are not yet fully aware of the impact of food waste on the global food crisis. A
survey by the Market Research Institute shows that some consumers are still unaware of the
importance of reducing food waste, and the implementation of strict regulations may create
dissatisfaction among them.
o The implementation of strict regulations may increase the cost of food waste management,
which may eventually be absorbed by businesses and accumulated as additional costs for
consumers. Economic analysis from the National Restaurant Association shows that strict
regulations on food waste can pose a significant financial burden to small and medium-sized
enterprises in the food industry.
o Strict regulations can place additional burdens on food and beverage businesses, resulting
in profit cuts and decreased competitiveness in the global market. Studies by the Chamber of
Commerce and Industry show that when regulatory burdens increase, businesses can find it
difficult to compete, especially amid intense global competition.
- Overly stringent regulations can stifle innovation in food waste management and treatment,
and create obstacles in finding sustainable solutions. A report from the Food Waste
Management Association shows that too much regulation can hinder investment in innovative
technologies for food waste treatment.
o The application of overly stringent regulations can result in the shifting of waste from one
resource to another without addressing the root causes. Studies from the Center for Economic
and Environmental Research highlight that in some cases, very strict regulation of one type of
waste can lead to increased waste in other areas.