SEAPOWER, TRADE AND TECHNOLOGY

Editors: Dejanirah Couto, Feza Günergun, Maria Pia Pedani

Piri Reis University Publications & Denizler Kitabevi / Kaptan Yayıncılık, Istanbul 2014
ISBN 978-9944-264-51-8

Introduction 13
Dejanirah Couto, Feza Günergun, Maria Pia Pedani

Part I - Maritime Powers and Conflicts: The Mediterranean, Aegean Sea and Black Sea 15
Ties that bind: An ottoman maritime patron from the Mediterranean to the Indian Ocean 17
Nabil al-Tikriti
Phocaea port: From the Genoese to the Ottomans 29
Zeki Arıkan
Preveza battle from a naval perspective 41
Ali Rıza İşipek
Turgut Reis (1485-1565): The uncrowned King of the Mediterranean (1485-1565) 48
Özlem Kumrular
The expedition of Charles V to Algiers: Before and after the duel and balance in the Mediterranean 53
Özlem Kumrular
The Cretan War and Köprülü Mehmet Pasha’s rise to power 58
Filiz Eşli
The Ottoman-Russian alliance in the Balkans and the Seven Islands naval operation (1798-1799) 66
Hanife Öztürk
The first naval campaign of Sultan Abdülaziz: 74
The role of the Ottoman navy during the Montenegro revolt
Gökhan Atmaca

Part II - Maritime Powers and Conflicts: Indian Ocean and Red Sea 81
Rivalries and collaborations: Ottoman and Portuguese empires in a comparative historiography 83
Salih Özbaran
Ottoman warships in the Indian Ocean armada of 1538: A Qualitative and statistical analysis 89
Giancarlo Casale
Rumi networks in India and the second siege of Diu (1546) 103
Dejanirah Couto
The Ottomans and the sixteenth century Bay of Bengal 115
Rila Mukherjee
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Turkish networks in the western Indian Ocean in the 16 -17 Centuries 130
Radhika Seshan
Some geographical and nautical comments on the Muhît and other related works of Seydi Ali Reis 136
José Malhão Pereira
Ottoman lighthouses in the Red Sea 146
Taner Albayrak
The Sadana Island shipwreck from the Red Sea to Ottoman Istanbul 153
Cheryl Anne Ward

Part III – Naval Strategies 163

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Anti-ottoman activities of the Order of the Knights of St. Stephen during the second half of the 16 century 165
Mikail Acıpınar
The era of “Ghazi Hasan Pasha of Algiers” (1713 - 1790) and its aftermath:
The last visionary ottoman Grand Admiral (Grand Vizier) 173
Levent Kirval
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Life on board: The Americans and the Ottoman Navy in the Levant during the first half of the 19 century 182
Rosa Maria Delli Quadri
The Impact of ottoman seapower on U.S. foreign policy and the creation of the U.S. Navy 191
Yasemin Dobra-Manço
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A Meeting at sea: Strategic culture & Turkish/U.S. 19 century naval relations 209
Gregory D. Young
Admiral Alfred T. Mahan and his views on the naval history of Turkey 231
Nikolai Fedorov

Part IV - Traders and Corsairs 237

Islands, pirates, privateers and the Ottoman Empire in the early modern Mediterranean 239
Louis Sicking
Corsairs in the service of the Grand Turk: “Men of the frontier” 253
Emilio Sola
A Window on Muslim traders in the Mediterranean through Maltese archives (1530-1565) 264
Joan Abela
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Maritime trade from Ragusa (Dubrovnik) to western Europe during the 16 and the 17 century 275
Gianluca Masi
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Maritime connections between Ottoman Empire and the city of Rijeka in the 19 century 281
Tea Mayhew
The Kingdom of Naples and the Ottoman Empire during the Napoleonic era:
Diplomatic and trade relations 289
Mirella Mafrici
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Sailing from the Ionian Sea: People, ships and trade in the Island of Lefkada in the 18 century 294
Christina E. Papakosta
Why did a Russian privateer present the Ottoman governor of Acre with a prized ship? 310
Mitia Frumin
The Merchant ships of the Ottoman Greeks in the ports at the mouths of
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the Danube during the 16 –17 centuries 317
Cristian Luca
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Ships and sailors: Maritime transportation in the Black Sea, 18 century 323
Necmettin Aygün

Part V - Scientific Instruments, Cartography, Artillery 335

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A Treatise by the 16 century Ottoman admiral Seydi Ali Reis on rub-i müceyyeb (sine quadrant) 337
Gaye Danışan Polat
The Use of the celestial globe by the Ottomans: Osman Saib Efendi’s Ta‘lîmü’l-Küre 342
Atilla Bir, Burak Barutçu, Mustafa Kaçar
Research opportunities in Ottoman cartography and the location of maps 359
Thomas D. Goodrich
The Piri Reis map of 1513: Art and literature in the service of science 367
Gregory C. McIntosh
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Maps of Venice drawn by Piri Reis and Turkish naval cartographers (16 , 17 and 18 centuries) 380
Cevat Ülkekul
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Knowledge sharing among seamen: 15 - 16 century Latin and Ottoman portolans of the Mediterranean 390
Candan Nemlioğlu, Yasemin Nemlioğlu Koca
Abū Bakr al-Dimashqī’s (d. 1691) hemispheric map of the New World
and the representation of the seas in his maps of the world and the continents 398
Sonja Brentjes
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Cartography of Gallipoli and the Dardanelles: From Cristoforo Buondelmonti (15 c.)
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to the maps of the 18 century in the collections of the Bibliotèque nationale de France 412
Emanuelle Vagnon
Ancient Venetian bronze cannons preserved in Istanbul: Some preliminary considerations 421
Marco Morin
Genoese naval cannons preserved in the Askeri Müze, Istanbul: Technological and operational comparisons between the Ottoman
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and Genoese sea ordnance of the 16 century 430
Renato Gianni Ridella, Gülşen Arslanboğa

Part VI – Nautical Archeology, Shipbuilding, and Steam Technology 439

Latest discoveries on medieval seafaring in the Mediterranean: Yenikapı Shipwrecks Project 2005-2012, Istanbul-Turkey 441
Ufuk Kocabaş
Study of ancient ship-graffiti from the Black Sea and the Aegean 450
Kostas A. Damianidis
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Ottoman ships and Venetian craftsmen in the 16 century 460
Maria Pia Pedani
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An extraordinary sample of mid-17 century ottoman naval architecture: The ship Melek Pasha 465
İbrahim Başak Dağgülü
Foreign shipwrights under Selim III: The case of Jacques Balthazard Le Brun 472
Tuncay Zorlu, Fatih Özbay
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The boat of Ali Reis: An Inebolu boat built with the ‘Shell First’ technique at the end of the 19 century 482
Ali Ruhan Çubuk
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The Change in the shipbuilding technology in the Ottoman Navy in the 19 century: The age of steam-powered ships 487
Nurcan Bal
The Legendary ship of the Turkish naval history: The galleon Mahmudiye 498
Hacer Bulgurcuoğlu
Development of steamship travelling in the Mediterranean (1833-1860) 504
Alain Servantie

Part VII – Health on Board, Naval Training 515

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A Late 18 century surgical station (Cerrah Dükkanı) for dock workers at the Ottoman Imperial Shipyard in Istanbul 517
Ayten Altıntaş, M. Kaan Sağ
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Hygiene on board: Instructions for Ottoman mariners in the late 19 century 526
Halil Tekiner, Muharrem Uçar, Adnan Ataç
Turkish nautical terms of English origin 530
Yücel Karlıklı

Part VIII – Maritime Archives and Museology 535

Recovering voices from the past: Using archival material in galleries 537
Margarette Lincoln
Naval History Archives of the Istanbul Naval Museum 544
Fatih Erbaş
A new project: The Istanbul Naval Museum as a leisure-learning space 549
Ece Irmak

Bibliography 553
Notes on contributors 593
Index 601