Math ASN review!

___ 1. If A is a set, then A∈A.

___ 2. The null set is a subset of any other set.
___ 3. The power set of the null set has one element.
___ 4. The cardinality of a set is less than the cardinality of its power set.
___ 5. If A is an element of the power set of B, then A ⊆ B.
___ 6. X’ ∪ Y’ ∪ Z’ = (X∩Y∩Z)’
___ 7. Given that A, B, and C are non-empty sets, A ∪ (B−C) = (A ∪ B) − (A ∪ C).
𝑥
___ 8. If x, y, and z are all even numbers, then 𝑦 × 𝑧 is also an even number.
___ 9. An irrational number raised to an irrational number will be an irrational number.
___ 10. 1 _ 2 _ 3 _ 4 _ 5 _ 6 = n. If the blanks are filled with plus or minus signs, n is an odd
number.

Answers with explanations

1. Never. Every set is a subset of itself, but a set is not an element of itself. (See: Russell’s
paradox, ZFC theory)
2. Always. The null set fulfills the definition of a subset for every set, including the null
set itself.
3. Always. The power set contains all possible subsets of a given set. Therefore, the
power set of the null set, P(Φ) = {Φ}. Also, from the cardinality rule, the elements of
this power set is 20 = 1.
4. Always. |A| < |P(A)|. The power set contains 2n elements, and this will always be
greater than n.
5. Sometimes. True if A = Φ.
6. Always. This is similar to De Morgan’s Theorem, but extended to three sets.
7. Never. You can draw a Venn diagram to confirm that the left hand side and right hand
side are not equivalent, and given that A, B, C are non-empty sets, they cannot be
equal. (If one of the sets can be empty the answer will be Sometimes).
8. Sometimes. Counterexample: x=2, y=4, z=6.
√2
√2 2
9. Sometimes. Counterexample: √2 = √2 = 2.
10. Always. 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 = 21. If we put a minus sign in front of any of the numbers,
we would be subtracting twice that number from the starting sum. The result will
always be an odd number.
Additional problems:

1.

2. A class of 50 students had a field trip to Palawan. 24 joined the tour to Coron, 18 went to
Tubbataha Reef, and 20 visited El Nido. Twelve students went to both Coron and Tubbataha
Reef. Fifteen students saw Tubbataha Reef and El Nido. Eleven students made a trip to Coron
and El Nido. Ten students saw all of the three tourist spots. How many students did not join
the field trip?

3.

4. Let n be a two-digit number that is divisible by 9. When the digits of n are reversed, the
number formed is divisible by 5. What is the value of n?
5. If the Venn diagram below is filled with positive integers, which region would be empty?
6.

7. Find the smallest positive integer that is divisible by 9 and has no odd digits.
8. How many perfect squares are there between 101 and 9,999?
9. Find the sum of the digits of the product 232 x 535.
10. What is the smallest integer that is both a perfect square and a perfect cube?
11. Miranda is an avid stamp collector. She is trying to arrange her collection of stamps into
neat rows. She found that when she arranged them in row of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, she always
came up 1 short. What is the minimum number of stamps that Miranda has?

12. The GCF of x and 391 is 23 while the LCM of x and 391 is 7429. What is x?

13. The traffic lights at three different intersections change after every 48 seconds, 72
seconds, and 108 seconds, respectively. If they change simultaneously at 9 a.m., then when
is the next time that they change simultaneously? Express your answer in hh:mm:ss.

Answers 9. 8
10. 1
1. {2,3,5,7}
11. 419
2. 16
12. 437
3. n = 750, d=9
13. 09:07:12 AM
4. 54
5. C
6. 5
7. 288
8. 89