R13 - II B.

Tech ECE, ii-Semester ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT ANALYSIS

PART-A
1. a) What is unity gain frequency of a BJT and derive an expression for it. (I)
b) Three amplifiers of gain l0 dB, 20 dB and 30 dB are connected together. Find the overall
gain in dB and in normal units. (II)
c) Show that the input resistance increases with series mixing. (III)
d) Draw the electrical equivalent of a crystal and derive expressions for series and parallel
resonances. (IV)
e) What are the advantages of push pull power amplifiers. (V)
f) What is staggering? State the advantages of stagger tuned amplifier. (VI)
((R13) S-1 May’ 15 Reg.) (3M+4M+4M+4M+4M+3M)

2. a) Draw the high frequency model of FET and derive an expression for Gain of common
source amplifier at high frequencies. (I)
b) Show that the band width reduces with cascading of amplifiers. (II)
c) Define sensitivity and derive an expression of Desensitivity of a negative feedback
amplifier. (III)
d) Define frequency and amplitude stability of an oscillator. (IV)
e) Classify power amplifiers. (V)
f) Define Q-factor and compare various tuned amplifiers. (VI)
((R13) S-2 May’ 15 Reg.) (3M+4M+4M+4M+4M+3M)

3. a) Explain different Hybrid-π Capacitances and derive necessary expressions. (I)

b) Explain about the Classification of Amplifiers based on type of coupling and
bandwidth. (II)
c) Explain various basic amplifiers used in a negative feedback circuits. (III)
d) Why LC oscillators are not used at low frequencies? (IV)
e) What is cross over distortion? Explain how to eliminate it. (V)
f) What is a tuned amplifier? Explain how tuned amplifiers are classified. (VI)
((R13) S-3 May’ 15 Reg.) (3M+4M+4M+4M+4M+3M)

4. a) Explain various parameters of FET high frequency model. (I)

b) What is bandwidth shrinkage factor? (II)
c) Draw any two topologies of negative feedback circuits. (III)
d) Explain the why RC oscillators are not used at high frequencies. (IV)
e) Explain how a power amplifier acts as a rectifier. (V)
f) Give the Classification of tuned amplifiers. (VI)
((R13) S-4 May’ 15 Reg.) (3M+4M+4M+4M+4M+3M)

Dept. of ECE Ramachandra College of Engineering, Eluru 1

Consolidated by Prof. Jagan Mohan Rao S.
 R13 - II B. Tech ECE, ii-Semester ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT ANALYSIS

PART-B

Unit – I Small Signal High Frequency Transistor Amplifier models

1. a) Draw the High frequency model of a Transistor. Derive the relationship between high
frequency and low frequency parameters. ((R13) S-1 May’ 15 Reg.) (8)
b) Compare CS, CG and CD amplifier circuits at high frequencies. ((R13) S-1 May’ 15 Reg.) (8)

2. a) Draw the equivalent diagram of a single stage CE amplifier at high frequencies. Derive
the expression for gain under short circuited load conditions. ((R13) S-2 May’ 15 Reg.) (8)
b) When a Ge PNP transistor is biased at 2 mA, 15 V, it has a base width of 1 micron. Find
Ce and fT if DB = 47 cm2/sec. ((R13) S-2 May’ 15 Reg.) (8)

3. a) Given a Germanium PNP transistor whose base width is 10 -4 cm. at room temperature
and for a DC Emitter current of 2 mA, find, i) Emitter diffusion capacitance ii) fT.
((R13) S-3 May’ 15 Reg.) (8)
b) Explain how fβ and fT of a BJT can be determined? Obtain the expression for the Gain
Bandwidth product of a transistor. ((R13) S-3 May’ 15 Reg.) (8)

4. a) Derive the expressions for voltage gain, current gain, input and output resistances of a
Common Drain amplifier at high frequencies. ((R13) S-4 May’ 15 Reg.) (8)
b) A single stage Common Emitter amplifier is measured to have a voltage-gain
bandwidth fH of 5 MHz with RL = 500 ohm. Assume hfe = 100, gm = 100 mA/V,
rbb’= 1000, Cc = l pf and fT = 400 MHz Find the value of the source resistance that will
give the required bandwidth. ((R13) S-4 May’ 15 Reg.) (8)

5. a) Show that in Hybrid - π model, the diffusion capacitance is proportional to the emitter
bias current.
b) What is the frequency range to consider Giacolletto model of a transistor at high
frequencies? What is the significance of fT in discussing the frequency range of a
transistor at high frequencies? ((R10) S-1 Feb’ 15 Reg.)(15)

6. a) Draw the circuit of a Common Source FET amplifier. Derive an expression for the
Voltage gain at low frequencies. What is the maximum value of Av.
b) Draw the Common Source amplifier at Higher Frequencies and derive an expression for
voltage gain. ((R10) S-2 Feb’ 15 Reg.)(15)

7. a) Discuss about various capacitances in a transistor at high frequencies.

b) Draw the common Drain Amplifier at high frequencies and derive expressions for
voltage gain, current gain. ((R10) S-3 Feb’ 15 Reg.)(15)
8. a) Derive the expression for voltage gain of a common drain amplifier at high frequencies,
b) Derive an expression for fT of a single stage CE amplifier. ((R10) S-4 Feb’ 15 Reg.)(15)

9. a) Define fβ and fT and also derive the relation between them. ((R10) S-1 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (8)
b) Given the following transistor measurement made at Ic = 5 mA, Vce = 10 V and at room
temperature: hfe = 100, hie = 600 ohm, AI = 10 at 10 MHz, Cc= 3 pF. Calculate fβ, fT, Ce, rb'e
and rbb'. ((R10) S-1 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (7)
10. a) What is Giacelletto model of a transistor? Discuss about various parameters in the
model. ((R10) S-2 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (7)
b) Derive an expression for voltage gain of common source amplifier at high frequencies.
((R10) S-2 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (8)

Dept. of ECE Ramachandra College of Engineering, Eluru 2

Consolidated by Prof. Jagan Mohan Rao S.
 R13 - II B. Tech ECE, ii-Semester ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT ANALYSIS

11. a) Draw the high frequency hybrid-π model of a BJT and explain the each parameter of
the Model with appropriate equation. ((R10) S-3 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (7)
b) Derive the equations for transconductance and input conductance of CE amplifier
using high frequency model. ((R10) S-3 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (8)

12. a) The following low frequency parameters are known for a given transistor at Ic = 10mA,
VCE = 5 V, hie = 500, hoe = 10 -5 A/V, hfe = 100, hre = 10-4. At the same operating point
fT = 50 MHz, and Cc = 3 pF, compute the values of all the hybrid-π parameters.
((R10) S-4 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (7)
b) Draw the circuit of single stage RC coupled BJT amplifier. Discuss the effect of an
emitter bypass capacitor on low frequency response. ((R10) S-4 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (8)

13. a) What is the order of magnitude of each resistance in the hybrid -π model?
((R10) S-1 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(4)
b) Given the following transistor measurements made at Ic = 5 mA, V CE = 10 V and at
room temperature, hfe = 100, hie = 600, Aie = 10 at 10 MHz, Ce = 3 pF. Find fβ, fT, Ce, rb’e
and rbb’. ((R10) S-1 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(7)
c) Explain how the parameters of hybrid-π model vary with I c, VCE and temperature.
((R10) S-1 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(4)
14. a) Derive the expression for output conductance and diffusion capacitance of
Hybrid-π CE amplifier. ((R10) S-2 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(5)
b) The h-parameters of a transistor at Ic = 8 mA, VCE = 10 v, and at room temperature are
hie = 1 kΩ , hoe = 2 x 10-5 A/V, hfe = 50, hre = 2.5 xl0-4. At the same operating point, fT = 60
MHz, and Cob = 2 pF. Compute the values of hybrid -π parameters.((R10) S-2 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(10)

15. a) What is the order of magnitude of each resistance in the hybrid π-model.
((R10) S-3 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(4)
b) Define fβ and fT and derive the relation between fβ and fT. ((R10) S-3 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(5)
c) Show that the hybrid-π model is valid for frequencies up to approximately fT /3.
((R10) S-3 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(6)

16. a) Draw an approximate equivalent hybrid -π circuit for the calculation of the short-
circuit CE current gain and derive the same. ((R10) S-4 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(5)
b) The hybrid-π parameters of the transistor used in circuit of the following figure are:
gm = 50 mA/V, rbb' = 100 Ω, rb'e = 1 kΩ, rb'C = 4 MΩ, Rce = 80 kΩ, Cc = 3 pF, Ce = 100 pF.
Using Miller's theorem and the appropriate analysis, compute
i) The upper 3 dB frequency of the current gain AI.
ii) The magnitude of voltage gain at the frequency of part-1. ((R10) S-4 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(10)

17. a) Derive the expression for the CE short circuit current gain A I as a function of
frequency using Hybrid - π model. ((R10) S-1 May’ 13 Reg.)(5)
b) A single-stage CE amplifier is measured to have a voltage - gain bandwidth fH of 5
MHz with RL = 500Ω. Assume hfe = 100, gm =100 mA/V, rbb’ = 100, Cc = l pF, and fT = 400
MHz. Find the value of the source resistance that will give the required bandwidth.
((R10) S-1 May’ 13 Reg.)(10)

Dept. of ECE Ramachandra College of Engineering, Eluru 3

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 R13 - II B. Tech ECE, ii-Semester ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT ANALYSIS

18 a) Explain how hybrid-π parameters, gm and gce vary with Ic, Vce and temperature.
b) Discuss the effect of different type of loads to a common source MOS amplifier.
((R10) S-2 May’ 13 Reg.)(15)
19. a) What are the typical values of various components in Hybrid -π model? Show that
at low frequencies the Hybrid -π model with r b’e and r ce taken as infinite
reduces to the approximate CE h- parameter model. ((R10) S-3 May’ 13 Reg.)(5)
b) The following low- frequency parameters are known for a given transistor at Ic =
10 mA, Vce = 10 V, and at room temperature, hie = 500, hoe = 4xl0-5 A/V, hfe = 100, hre = 10-4.
At the same operating point, fT = 50 MHz and Cc = 3 pF, compute the values of all the
Hybrid -π parameters. ((R10) S-3 May’ 13 Reg.)(10)

20. a) A transistor amplifier in CE configuration is operated at high frequency with the

following specifications, f T = 6 MHz, gm = 0.04, h fe = 50, rbb’ = 100 Ω, R =500 Ω,
C b'c = 10 pF, RL = 100 Ω. Compute the voltage gain, upper 3 dB cut-off frequency, and
gain bandwidth product. ((R10) S-4 May’ 13 Reg.)(5)
b) Derive the expression for the CE short circuit current gain Ai as a function of
frequency using Hybrid - π model. ((R10) S-4 May’ 13 Reg.)(10)

Dept. of ECE Ramachandra College of Engineering, Eluru 4

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 R13 - II B. Tech ECE, ii-Semester ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT ANALYSIS

Unit – II Multistage Amplifiers

1. a) Derive an expression for the lower 3 dB frequency of an RC coupled amplifier by
taking the effect emitter bypass capacitor into account. ((R13) S-1 May’ 15 Reg.) (8)
b) What is fidelity of an Amplifier? Explain about Frequency response of an amplifier by
considering different frequency regions. ((R13) S-1 May’ 15 Reg.) (8)

2. a) The 3 dB bandwidth of an amplifier extends from l0 Hz to 10 kHz. Find the frequency

range over which the bandwidth of the overall amplifier varies when three
stages has been cascaded. Find the overall voltage gain in Decibels if the gain of the
single stage is 10. ((R13) S-2 May’ 15 Reg.) (8)
b) Draw the circuit for differential amplifier and derive the expression for CMRR.
((R13) S-2 May’ 15 Reg.) (8)

3. a) Derive an expression for the lower 3 dB frequency of an RC coupled amplifier (using

BJT and FET by taking the effect Coupling capacitor into account.
((R13) S-3 May’ 15 Reg.) (8)
b) Draw the circuit for Cascode Amplifier. Explain its working, obtaining overall values of
the circuit in terms of h-parameters. ((R13) S-3 May’ 15 Reg.) (8)

4. a) With the help of necessary waveforms, explain about the step response of amplifiers.
((R13) S-4 May’ 15 Reg.) (8)
b) What are the advantages of common collector amplifier? Explain how the input
resistance of the CC amplifier can be enhanced further. ((R13) S-4 May’ 15 Reg.) (8)

5. a) When 2-stages of identical amplifiers are cascaded, obtain the expressions for overall
voltage gain and power gain. ((R10) S-1 Feb’ 15 Reg.)(8)
b) List out various types of distortions that occur in transistor amplifiers. Discuss the
causes for each. ((R10) S-1 Feb’ 15 Reg.)(7)

6. Write short notes on: a) Cascode amplifier b) Transformer coupled amplifier. c) Darlington pair
((R10) S-2 Feb’ 15 Reg.)(15)
7. a) Obtain the expressions for overall voltage gain, current gain and power gain of a two-
stage identical cascaded amplifier,
b) What are the advantages of Darlington pair? Explain with a neat diagram.
((R10) S-3 Feb’ 15 Reg.)(15)
8. a) Write short notes on Direct coupled and transformer coupled multistage amplifiers.
b) With a neat circuit diagram analyze the two stage RC coupled JFET-CS amplifier.
((R10) S-4 Feb’ 15 Reg.)(15)
9. a) For a cascaded CE-CC configuration, the h-parameters are given as hie = l kΩ, hre = 10-4,
hfe = 50, hoe = 10-4 A/V, hic = l kΩ, hrc = l, hfc = -51, hoc = 10-4 A/V. Find the input and
output impedances of the cascaded configuration. ((R10) S-1 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (8)
b) Derive the expressions for overall voltage gain, current gain and power gain, when
two identical amplifier stages are cascaded. ((R10) S-1 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (7)
10. a) Show that the input impedance and overall voltage gain of a Darlington pair is much
larger compared to an individual CE amplifier with same transistor.
((R10) S-2 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (7)
b) Derive the expression for current gain of a two stage RC coupled CE amplifiers.
((R10) S-2 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (8)
11. a) What is frequency response of an amplifier? Draw the equivalent circuits of RC
coupled amplifier at low and high frequencies and derive the expression for voltage
gain. ((R10) S-3 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (7)
b) Two FET based amplifiers with gains of 30 dB are cascaded together. Find the overall
gain. Also find bandwidth of the overall circuit, if individual lower and higher 3 dB
frequencies are 20 Hz and 20 kHz respectively. ((R10) S-3 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (8)

Dept. of ECE Ramachandra College of Engineering, Eluru 5

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 R13 - II B. Tech ECE, ii-Semester ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT ANALYSIS

12. a) For a Darlington pair the overall current gain and input impedance with an emitter
resistance are given as 1130 Ω and 1.2 MΩ, respectively. Calculate the value of emitter
resistance RE. ((R10) S-4 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (7)
b) Three identical stages of amplifiers cascaded with lower and upper cut off frequencies
given by 300 Hz and 5 kHz respectively, compute the overall lower and higher cut off
frequencies with appropriate equations. ((R10) S-4 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (8)

13. A three stage CE amplifier using silicon BJT as shown in below figure , has RF = 50 kΩ, RF2 = 10 kΩ, β =50,
RL1=15 kΩ and Vcc=20 V. Calculate the value of Vc3. Also show that the amplifier is DC stabilized for
large values of β. ((R10) S-1 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(15)

14. a) Compare different types of amplifier circuits based on the type of coupling.
((R10) S-2 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(8)
b) The gain of an RC coupled 2 stage FET amplifier falls by 90% of the mid-band value
at 400 kHz. If gm of each FET is 10 m A/V, and total output capacitance for each stage
is 20 pF. Calculate the RL required and the stage mid-band gain. ((R10) S-2 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(7)

15. a) Derive the relation between f2 and f2n when such, n-identical amplifier stages are
cascaded. ((R10) S-3 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(8)
b) In an RC-coupled BJT amplifier, it is given that RL = 6.8kΩ, effective AC load after Cc is
Rac = l kΩ, Cc = l μF, CE = 24 μF, RE = 2.2 kΩ, hfe = 49, Rs = 5 kΩ and hie = l kΩ, find the low
frequency cut off point. ((R10) S-3 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(7)

16. An RC coupled FET Amplifier has the following circuit values: RL = 10 k, RG = 500 k,
Cc = 0.01 μF, Csh = 150 pF, μ = 25, rd = 10 k and gm = 2.5 mA/V, find Am, f1 and f2 and also
derive the three parameter expressions. ((R10) S-4 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(15)

17. a) Draw the circuit of two stages R-C coupled JFET amplifier and explain its working.
b) Draw the circuit diagram of single stage R-C coupled BJT amplifier. Discuss the effect
of an emitter bypass capacitor on low-frequency response. ((R10) S-1 May’ 13 Reg.)(15)

18. a) Differentiate between direct and capacitive coupling of multiple stages of amplifiers.
b) With the help of a neat circuit diagram, describe the working of a Cascode amplifier.
((R10) S-2 May’ 13 Reg.)(15)
19. a) The gain of an RC coupled 2 stage FET amplifier falls by 90% of the mid band value at
400 kHz. If gm of each FET is 10 m A/V, and total output capacitance for each stage
is 20 pF, calculate the RL required and the mid band gain of each stage.
b) Write a short note on Bandwidth of amplifiers. ((R10) S-3 May’ 13 Reg.)(15)

20. a) List out the special features of Darlington pair and Cascode amplifier.

Dept. of ECE Ramachandra College of Engineering, Eluru 6

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 R13 - II B. Tech ECE, ii-Semester ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT ANALYSIS

b) A two-stage amplifier circuit (CE-CC configuration) is shown in below figure. The h-

parameter values are hfe = 50, hie = 2 kΩ, hre = 6x 10-4, hoe = 25 μA/V. hfc = -51, hic = 2 kΩ,
hrc = 1, hoc = 25 μ A/V. Find the input and output impedances and individual, as well
as overall voltage and current gains. ((R10) S-4 May’ 13 Reg.)(15)

Dept. of ECE Ramachandra College of Engineering, Eluru 7

Consolidated by Prof. Jagan Mohan Rao S.
 R13 - II B. Tech ECE, ii-Semester ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT ANALYSIS

Unit – III Feedback Amplifiers

1. a) Give the block diagram of a general feedback amplifier. State the function of each block.
((R13) S-1 May’ 15 Reg.) (8)
b) If an input of 0.028 V peak to peak given to an open loop amplifier, it gives
Fundamental frequency output of 36 V peak to peak, but it is associated with 7%
distortion.
i) If the distortion is to be reduced to 1%, how much feedback is to be introduced and
what will be required input voltage? ii) If 1.2 % of output is feedback and the input is
maintained at the same level, what is the output voltage? ((R13) S-1 May’ 15 Reg.) (8)

2. a) Show that Input impedance increases with series mixing and decreases with shunt
mixing. ((R13) S-2 May’ 15 Reg.) (7)
b) Enumerate the steps in the linear analysis of the feedback amplifier. Draw the CE with
Re Circuit and analyze the circuit. ((R13) S-2 May’ 15 Reg.) (9)

3. a) An amplifier has an open loop voltage gain of 1000 and delivers 10 watts output with
10% second harmonic distortion when the input is l0 mV. If 40 dB of negative feedback
is applied, what is the value of distortion? How much input voltage should be applied
to get l0 watts of output power? ((R13) S-3 May’ 15 Reg.) (7)
b) Discuss quantitatively about the effect of negative feedback on
i) Gain ii) Bandwidth iii) Distortion. ((R13) S-3 May’ 15 Reg.) (9)

4. a) Discuss quantitatively about the variation of output impedance with type of sampling.
((R13) S-4 May’ 15 Reg.) (7)
b) Perform the linear analysis of the common collector amplifier using feedback concept.
((R13) S-4 May’ 15 Reg.) (9)

5. a) Explain the advantages of negative feedback amplifiers.

b) What is linear analysis of feedback amplifiers? Illustrate with examples.
((R10) S-1 Feb’ 15 Reg.)(15)
6. a) Show that bandwidth increases with negative feedback.
b) Draw the block diagram of a single loop negative feedback circuit and explain each and
every block in detail. ((R10) S-2 Feb’ 15 Reg.)(15)

7. a) Draw and explain the circuit of a voltage series feedback circuit. ((R10) S-3 Feb’ 15 Reg.)(15)
b) What are types of amplifier circuits in any feedback systems? Discuss.

8. a) What are the basic amplifiers used in a negative feedback system. Derive the
relationship between input and source resistance, output and load resistance of these
basic amplifiers.
b) Show that input resistance increases with series mixing. ((R10) S-4 Feb’ 15 Reg.)(15)

9. a) A Common source FET amplifier has a load resistance of 500 kΩ. The ac drain
resistance of the device is l00 kΩ and the transconductance is 0.8 mAV-1. Calculate the
voltage gain of the amplifier. ((R10) S-1 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (8)
b) Draw the block diagrams of four types of negative feedback amplifier circuits and
explain which amplifier can be used to get higher input impedance and lower output
impedance with appropriate derivation. ((R10) S-1 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (7)

10. a) Apply the method of feedback circuit analysis for a voltage series feedback amplifier
and explain all steps with appropriate diagrams. ((R10) S-2 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (7)
b) Prove that negative feedback in amplifiers reduces the distortion and noise with
appropriate equations. ((R10) S-2 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (8)

Dept. of ECE Ramachandra College of Engineering, Eluru 8

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 R13 - II B. Tech ECE, ii-Semester ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT ANALYSIS

11. a) An Amplifier with negative feedback gives an output of 12.5 V with an input of 1.5 V.
When feedback is removed, it requires 0.25 V input for the same output. Find
i) Value of voltage gain without feedback ii) Value of β, if the input and output are in
phase and β is real. ((R10) S-3 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (7)
b) Explain the procedure to obtain the basic amplifier configuration without feedback but
taking the loading of the feedback network into account. ((R10) S-3 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (8)

12. a) An amplifier has a mid band gain of 125 and bandwidth of 250 kHz. If 4%
negative feedback is introduced and the new bandwidth and gain. ((R10) S-4 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (7)
b) Derive the equations for voltage gain, input impedance and output impedance of a
CE amplifier with current-shunt negative feedback. ((R10) S-4 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (8)

13. a) Classify various feedback amplifiers. Explain how negative feedback

improves the characteristics of amplifier. ((R10) S-1 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(8)
b) For voltage series feedback amplifier with parameters of the internal amplifier as
Av = -200; Rin = 5 kΩ; Ro = 20 kΩ; Bandwidth = 50 kHz and having feedback factor
β = - 0.02. Calculate:
i) Voltage gain AVf
ii) input impedance Rinf
iii) Output impedance Rof and
iv) Bandwidth ((R10) S-1 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(7)
14. a) Derive the expressions for Av, Zi, Zo and Ai of voltage shunt feedback. ((R10) S-2 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(8)
b) Determine voltage gain, input and output impedance of negative feedback amplifier
having A = 100, Ri = 10 kΩ Ro = 20 kΩ for a feedback factor of β = 0.1 and 0.5.
((R10) S-2 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(7)
15. a) Explain the general characteristics of negative feedback amplifiers. Compare the
advantages and disadvantages of positive and negative feedback.
((R10) S-3 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(8)
b) Derive the expressions for voltage gain, Ri and Ro of voltage series feedback amplifiers.
((R10) S-3 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(7)

16. a) What are the different types of feedback amplifiers? Give their equivalent circuits.
((R10) S-4 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(4)
b) Explain with the help of mathematical expressions, how the negative feedback in
amplifiers increases amplifier bandwidth and reduces distortion in amplifiers.
((R10) S-4 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(5)
c) An amplifier circuit has a gain of 60 dB and an output impedance Zo= 10 kΩ It is
required to modify its output impedance to 500 Ω, by applying negative feedback.
Calculate the value of the feedback factor. Also find the percentage change in the
overall gain, for 10% change in the gain of the internal amplifiers. ((R10) S-4 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(6)

17. a) Explain the nature of feedback in an emitter follower circuit. State the advantages of
this circuit and mention its use. Can this circuit be used as a voltage amplifier?
b) The total harmonic distortion of an amplifier is reduced from 15% to 3% when 4%
negative feedback is used. Find (i) voltage gain without feedback (ii) voltage gain with
feedback? ((R10) S-1 May’ 13 Reg.)(15)

18. a) Explain the effects of negative feedback on amplifier characteristics.

b) An amplifier having a gain of 500 without feedback has an overall negative
feedback applied which reduces the gain to 100. Calculate the fraction of output
voltage feedback? If due to ageing of components, the gain without feedback falls
by 20% calculate the percentage fall in gain with feedback. ((R10) S-2 May’ 13 Reg.)(15)

Dept. of ECE Ramachandra College of Engineering, Eluru 9

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 R13 - II B. Tech ECE, ii-Semester ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT ANALYSIS

19. a) If the non-linear distortion in a negative feedback amplifier with an open loop gain of
100 is reduced from 40% to 10%with feedback, compute the feedback factor, β of the
amplifier
b) Draw the circuit diagram of a current series feedback amplifier, Derive expressions to
show the effect of negative feedback on input & output impedances, bandwidth,
distortion of the amplifier. ((R10) S-2 May’ 13 Reg.)(15)

20. a) The β and the open loop gain of an amplifier are -10% and -80 respectively. By
how much % the closed loop gain changes if the open loop gain increases by 25%.
b) With the help of a suitable BJT based voltage series feedback amplifier diagram,
explain the features and benefits of negative feedback in amplifiers.
((R10) S-4 May’ 13 Reg.)(15)

Dept. of ECE Ramachandra College of Engineering, Eluru 10

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 R13 - II B. Tech ECE, ii-Semester ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT ANALYSIS

Unit – IV Oscillators
1. a) Discuss about frequency and amplitude stability of oscillators. ((R13) S-1 May’ 15 Reg.) (7)
b) Draw the circuit diagram of a FET based RC phase shift oscillator and derive the
expression for frequency of oscillation and condition for sustained oscillations.
((R13) S-1 May’ 15 Reg.) (9)
2. a) What is a clap oscillator and derive an expression for frequency of oscillations.
((R13) S-2 May’ 15 Reg.) (7)
b) Draw the circuit diagram of a BJT based RC phase shift oscillator and derive the
expression for frequency of oscillation and condition for sustained oscillations.
((R13) S-2 May’ 15 Reg.) (9)
3. a) What are the differences between an oscillator and an amplifier? Explain the operating
principle of an oscillator. ((R13) S-3 May’ 15 Reg.) (6)
b) Draw the circuit diagram of a Wien bridge oscillator and derive the expression for
frequency of oscillation and condition for sustained oscillations. ((R13) S-3 May’ 15 Reg.) (10)
4. a) Derive and explain Barkhausen criterion. ((R13) S-4 May’ 15 Reg.) (7)
b) Draw the circuit diagram and derive the expression for frequency of oscillation and
Condition for sustained oscillations of i) Colpitts oscillator ii) Hartley Oscillator.
((R13) S-4 May’ 15 Reg.) (9)
5. a) Draw the circuit of colpitts oscillator and explain its working. Derive the frequency of
oscillator and condition for sustained oscillation.
b) State and explain Barkhausen criterion. ((R10) S-1 Feb’ 15 Reg.)(15)

6. Draw the block diagram of generalized LC oscillator and from that derive the frequency
of oscillation for a) Hartley Oscillator, b) Colpitts Oscillator. ((R10) S-2 Feb’ 15 Reg.)(15)

7. a) Derive frequency of oscillation of a Wien-bridge oscillator circuit with necessary

diagrams.
b) What is the Condition for sustained oscillations and draw and explain the RC-phase
shift oscillators with Transistor. ((R10) S-3 Feb’ 15 Reg.)(15)

8. a) What do you mean by Barkhausen criterion? Give the Statement. ((R10) S-4 Feb’ 15 Reg.)(7)
b) Draw the circuit diagram of FET based RC phase - shift oscillator and derive the
expression for frequency of Oscillations & condition for sustained Oscillations.
((R10) S-4 Feb’ 15 Reg.)(8)
9. a) Draw the circuit diagram of Colpitt's oscillator. Explain its disadvantages. How
it is overcome with Clapp oscillator. ((R10) S-1 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (8)
b) Prove that in an RC-phase shift oscillator, the minimum hfe required is 29 to sustain
the frequency of oscillations. ((R10) S-1 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (7)
10. a) Derive the equation for frequency of oscillations of a FET RC-phase shift oscillator and
also derive condition for sustained oscillations. ((R10) S-2 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (7)
b) Prove that the gain of Wien bridge oscillator using BJT amplifier must be at least 3 for
the oscillations to occur. ((R10) S-2 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (8)
11. a) Derive the expression for frequency of oscillation of BJT phase-shift oscillator and
explain its operation with neat circuit diagram. ((R10) S-3 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (7)
b) A crystal oscillator has the following parameters: L = 0.33 H, C = 0.065 pF, C = 1.0 pF
and R= 5.5 kΩ. i) Find the series resonant frequency, ii) Find the Ω of the crystal.
((R10) S-3 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (8)
12. a) Find the capacitance C and hfe for the transistor Phase-Shift oscillator to provide a
resonating frequency of l0 kHz. Assume Ri = 25 kΩ, R2 = 60 kΩ, Rc = 40 kΩ, R = 7.1 kΩ
and hie = 1.8 kΩ. ((R10) S-4 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (7)
b) Explain barkhausen criterion for sustained oscillations and also explain how the
criterion is satisfied in a BJT RC- Phase-Shift oscillator. ((R10) S-4 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (8)

Dept. of ECE Ramachandra College of Engineering, Eluru 11

Consolidated by Prof. Jagan Mohan Rao S.
 R13 - II B. Tech ECE, ii-Semester ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT ANALYSIS

13. a) Classify different type of oscillators based on frequency range. ((R10) S-1 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(4)
b) Calculate the value of ‘C’ used in the Wein-bridge circuit that determines the oscillator
frequency of 10 kHz. Assume R = 50 KΩ in the Wein-bridge circuit. ((R10) S-1 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(4)
c) Draw the electrical equivalent circuit of a crystal and draw the frequency versus
reactance curve and show the two resonant frequencies fs and fp on the graph.
((R10) S-1 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(7)
14. a) Draw the circuit of R-C phase shift oscillator circuit using JFET as active device
and discuss nature of feedback used in the feedback path. ((R10) S-2 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(7)
d) Derive the expression for feedback factor in the Wein-bridge circuit ((R10) S-2 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(4)
c) In a transistor Colpitts oscillator circuit, L = 10 μH. C = 0.01 μF and C2 = 0.1 μF.
Calculate the: i) operating frequency ii) feedback fraction β’ ((R10) S-2 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(4)
15. a) Draw the circuit diagram of a RC phases shift oscillator using BJT. Derive the
expression for frequency of oscillators. ((R10) S-3 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(7)
b) In a transistorized Hartley oscillator the two inductances are 2 mH and 20 μH
while the frequency is to be changed from 950 kHz to 2050 kHz. Calculate the range
over which the capacitor is to be varied. ((R10) S-3 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(4)
c) Why RC oscillators are not suitable for high frequency applications.((R10) S-3 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(4)

16. a) Show that the gain of Wien bridge oscillator using BJT amplifier must be at least 3 for
the oscillations to occur. ((R10) S-4 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(7)
b) Calculate the value of 'C’ in the frequency-determining network of a FET RC phase
shift oscillator circuit having R = 2.5 kΩ; assuming frequency of oscillation
f = 1.625 kHz. ((R10) S-4 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(4)
c) Repeat (b) if it is BJT RC phase shift oscillator with Rc = 4 kΩ. ((R10) S-4 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(4)

17. a) Describe the crystal oscillator. What is the advantage of a crystal oscillator over an
LC oscillator?
b) A tuned collector oscillator connected across the primary has a capacitance of l00 pF.
The DC resistance of the primary coil is 10 ohm and the transistor used has hie = l kΩ,
hre = 10-4, hfe = 50 and hoe = 10-4 A/V. Find the frequency of oscillation and the mutual
inductance between the primary and secondary coils required to sustain the
oscillations. ((R10) S-1 May’ 13 Reg.)(15)
18. a) Describe the circuit diagram of Colpitt's oscillator and explain its operation.
b) A Hartley oscillator is to span a frequency range from 50 kHz to 150 kHz. The
variable capacitance has the values in the range 50 pF to 450 pF. The transistor to be
used has hfe = 50 and Δh = 0.5. Determine the values of the inductances. Neglect
mutual inductance between the coils and use CE circuit configuration.
((R10) S-2 May’ 13 Reg.)(15)
19. a) Derive the expression for frequency of oscillation in a Hartley Oscillator.
b) With the help of suitable schematic and description, show that both positive and
negative feedback are used in a Wien Bridge oscillator. Establish the condition for
oscillations. ((R10) S-3 May’ 13 Reg.)(15)

20. a) With the help of neat circuit diagram, explain how sustained oscillations are obtained
in RC phase shift BJT based oscillator. Derive the expression for frequency of oscillation
b) Differentiate between LC and RC oscillators? ((R10) S-4 May’ 13 Reg.)

Dept. of ECE Ramachandra College of Engineering, Eluru 12

Consolidated by Prof. Jagan Mohan Rao S.
 R13 - II B. Tech ECE, ii-Semester ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT ANALYSIS

Unit – V Power Amplifiers

1. a) Draw the circuit diagram of a Class-A transformer coupled amplifier and
derive an expression for its conversion efficiency. ((R13) S-1 May’ 15 Reg.) (8)
b) In an ideal Class-B push pull amplifier, Vcc= 20 V, N2 = 2Ni and RL = 20 ohms. Find the
output signal power, Po max and collector dissipation in each Transistor, Pc under full
power condition, Find PC max also. ((R13) S-1 May’ 15 Reg.) (8)

2. a) Derive the expression for Max. Theoretical efficiency in the case of Class-B push pull
amplifier. Why is it named so? What are its advantages and disadvantages?
((R13) S-2 May’ 15 Reg.) (8)
b) Design a Class-B power amplifier to deliver 30 W to a load resistor RL = 40Ω using a
transformer Coupling. Vm = 30 V, Assume reasonable data wherever necessary.
((R13) S-2 May’ 15 Reg.) (7)
3. a) A signal ib = im cosωt is applied to a power amplifier with characteristics ic = G1ib+ G2ib2
Show that the output contains a DC term, fundamental component, second harmonic
component. ((R13) S-3 May’ 15 Reg.) (6)
b) Design a Class-A power amplifier to deliver 5 V rms to a load of 8 Ohms using a
transformer coupling. Assume that a supply of 12 V is available. The resistance of
the primary winding of the transformer also should be considered.
((R13) S-3 May’ 15 Reg.) (10)
4. a) Draw the circuit and explain the working principle of a complementary symmetry
push-pull power amplifier and state its disadvantages. ((R13) S-4 May’ 15 Reg.) (8)
b) Derive the expressions for maximum Theoretical efficiency for (i) Transformer coupled
(ii) Series fed amplifiers. What are their advantages and disadvantages?
((R13) S-4 May’ 15 Reg.) (8)
5. a) What are the advantages of push-pull connection in AF power amplifiers?
b) Design a push-pull Class-B power amplifier to achieve maximum output power to a 10Ω
load. The two transistors have the following ratings Pc (max) = 5 W; VCE(max) = 45 V.
Ic(max) = 1 A. Assume Necessary data. ((R10) S-1 Feb’ 15 Reg.)(15)

6. a) What is the difference between Class-D amplifier and Class-S amplifier

b) With a neat circuit diagram explain the operation of Class-AB power amplifier and
mention its advantages. ((R10) S-2 Feb’ 15 Reg.)(15)

7. Draw the circuit of Class-B Power amplifier. Explain its operation and derive the expression for
Efficiency of the amplifier by making necessary assumptions.
((R10) S-3 Feb’ 15 Reg.)(15)
8. a) Explain the operation of transformer coupled power amplifier and derive an expression
for conversion efficiency.
b) What is cross over distortion? Explain how to eliminate this problem.
((R10) S-4 Feb’ 15 Reg.)(15)
9. a) Derive the efficiency of the Class-B power amplifier. Though Class-B single ended
power amplifier efficiency is high, why it is not used in practical circuits? Explain in
detail. ((R10) S-1 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (8)
b) What are the disadvantages of using transformers in a push-pull amplifier? Explain a
few techniques that eliminate the use of input transformers. ((R10) S-1 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (7)

10. a) Explain how the power amplifiers are Classified based on Class of operation and also
compare them. ((R10) S-2 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (7)
b) A single transistor is operating as an ideal Class-B amplifier with a 1k load. A dc meter
in the collector circuit reads 10 mA. How much signal power is delivered to the load?
((R10) S-2 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (8)

11. a) Derive the expression for Maximum efficiency and working of transformer coupled
Class-A Amplifier. ((R10) S-3 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (7)

Dept. of ECE Ramachandra College of Engineering, Eluru 13

Consolidated by Prof. Jagan Mohan Rao S.
 R13 - II B. Tech ECE, ii-Semester ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT ANALYSIS

b) Define collector circuit efficiency of a power amplifier and explain how total distortion
can be reduced in a power amplifier through push-pull configuration.
((R10) S-3 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (8)
12. a) Differentiate between push-pull and complementary-symmetry configurations of a
Class-B power amplifier. ((R10) S-4 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (7)
b) Explain the reasons for crossover distortion in Class-B power amplifiers and suggest a
Suitable circuit for its minimization. ((R10) S-4 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (8)

13. a) Explain why a power amplifier is always preceded by a voltage amplifier?

((R10) S-1 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(4)
b) Design a Class-B power amplifiers to deliver 25 W to a load resistor RL = 8 ohms,
using transformer coupling. Vm = Vcc = 25V. Assume necessary data. ((R10) S-1 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(7)
c) Explain about Class-D amplifier. ((R10) S-1 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(4)

14. a) Derive the equation for maximum value of efficiency of a Class A transformer
coupled amplifier. ((R10) S-2 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(7)
b) Calculate the effective load resistance R L seen looking into the primary of
a l0:l transformer connected to an output load of 16 ohms. ((R10) S-2 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(5)
c) Define conversion efficiency of an amplifier. ((R10) S-2 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(4)

15. a) Draw the circuit of transformer less push pull amplifier circuit with loud speaker as
the load resistance. Justify the circuit operation with "emitter follower" circuit
Working? ((R10) S-3 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(8)
b) Calculate transformer turns ratio required to match an 8 ohms speaker load to an
amplifier so that effective load resistance is 3.2 kilo-ohms. ((R10) S-3 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(7)

16. a) Derive the expression for maximum collector Power Dissipation P c (Max) in the
case of Class-B power amplifiers. ((R10) S-4 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(8)
b) Draw the circuit diagram of a single ended power amplifier? Explain the function of
each component used in the circuit? ((R10) S-4 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(7)

17. a) Classify large signal amplifiers based on its operating point. Distinguish these
amplifiers in terms of the conversion efficiency.
b) Draw the push-pull power amplifier circuit. Derive the expression for the output
current in push- pull amplifier with base current as Ib = Ibm sinωt. ((R10) S-1 May’ 13 Reg.)(15)

18 a) A single stage Class-A amplifier Vcc = 20 V, VCEQ = 10 V, I CQ = 600 mA, R L =16 Ω. The
AC output current varies by 300 mA, with the ac input signal. Find
i) The power supplied by the dc source to the amplifier circuit.
ii) AC power consumed by the load resistor.
iii) AC power developed across the load resistor.
iv) DC power wasted in transistor collector.
v) Overall efficiency
b) What are the drawbacks of transformer coupled power amplifiers? ((R10) S-2 May’ 13 Reg.)(15)

19. a) What is Harmonic distortion in transistor amplifier circuits? Discuss second

harmonic distortion.
b) A single transistor is operating as an ideal Class-B amplifier with a 500 load. A dc
meter in the collector circuit reads 10 mA. How much signal power is delivered to the
load? ((R10) S-3 May’ 13 Reg.)(15)
20. a) Write short notes on requirement and types of heat sinks for power dissipation in large
signal amplifiers.

Dept. of ECE Ramachandra College of Engineering, Eluru 14

Consolidated by Prof. Jagan Mohan Rao S.
 R13 - II B. Tech ECE, ii-Semester ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT ANALYSIS

b) With the help of a neat circuit diagram, explain the operation of a complementary
symmetry configured Class-B power amplifier.
c) A push pull amplifier utilizes a transformer whose primary has a total of 160
turns and who’s secondary has 40 turns. It must be capable of delivering 40 W to an
8 Ω load under maximum power conditions. What is the minimum possible value of
Vcc? ((R10) S-4 May’ 13 Reg.)(15)

Dept. of ECE Ramachandra College of Engineering, Eluru 15

Consolidated by Prof. Jagan Mohan Rao S.
 R13 - II B. Tech ECE, ii-Semester ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT ANALYSIS

Unit – VI Tuned Amplifiers

1. Write short notes on
a) Single Tuned amplifier
b) Double Tuned Amplifier ((R13) S-1 May’ 15 Reg.) (8+8)

2. a) Draw the circuit for single tuned capacitance coupled amplifier explain its operation.
((R13) S-2 May’ 15 Reg.) (8)
b) Draw the circuit for Double Tuned Amplifier. Explain its working. What are the
advantages of this amplifier. ((R13) S-2 May’ 15 Reg.) (8)
3. a) Draw the frequency response. Derive the expression for L for maximum power
transfer. ((R13) S-3 May’ 15 Reg.) (8)
b) Explain the principle and working of wide band amplifiers Draw the circuit for tapped
single tuned capacitance coupled amplifier and explain its working. ((R13) S-3 May’ 15 Reg.) (8)

4. a) Discuss about the effect of cascading the tuned amplifiers on Bandwidth.

((R13) S-4 May’ 15 Reg.) (8)
b) Draw the circuit for single tuned inductively coupled amplifier. Draw its equivalent
circuit and Derive the expression for (A/Ares). ((R13) S-4 May’ 15 Reg.) (8)

5. Substantiate the necessity of the following in tuned amplifiers.

a) Heat Sinks b) Stabilization circuits ((R10) S-1 Feb’ 15 Reg.)

6. a) Discuss about the effect of Cascading Single tuned amplifiers on Band width.
b) What are the limitations of stagger tuned amplifiers? ((R10) S-2 Feb’ 15 Reg.)

7. a) Explain the operation of single tuned amplifier and derive the expression for Q factor.
b) What is staggering of tuned amplifiers? Discuss about its advantages and disadvantages.
((R10) S-3 Feb’ 15 Reg.)
8. Derive an expression for 'bandwidth' and 'quality factor' of a capacitive coupled single
tuned amplifier in CE configuration. Make necessary assumptions and mention them.
((R10) S-4 Feb’ 15 Reg.)
9. a) Compare single and double tuned amplifiers. Draw the circuit of double tuned
amplifier and also explain how the frequency response of this amplifier is better than
the single tuned amplifier. ((R10) S-1 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (8)
b) What is importance of stagger tuning? Explain briefly about stagger tuned amplifiers.
((R10) S-1 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (7)
10. a) Explain the operation of a single tuned amplifier circuit and its frequency Response.
((R10) S-2 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (7)
b) Derive the efficiency of Class-C tuned amplifier and explain its operation.
((R10) S-2 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (8)
11. a) Show that for an "n" stage synchronously tuned amplifier, maximum, bandwidth is
obtained when the single stage gain is 4.34 dB. ((R10) S-3 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (7)
b) Explain how the stagger-tuned design is superior to synchronously tuned design in the
design of a multistage amplifier? ((R10) S-3 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (8)

12. a) Explain the working of Single Tuned Amplifier with circuit diagram.
((R10) S-4 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (7)
b) Explain the significance of various levels of coupling of transformer used in double
tuned amplifiers with necessary diagrams. ((R10) S-4 Aug’ 14 Reg.) (8)

13. a) Draw a simple BJT tuned amplifier circuit and its ideal response characteristic.
((R10) S-1 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(8)
b) In the single tuned amplifier, the circuit bandwidth is 5 kHz and voltage gain has
a maximum value at 1000 kHz, when the tuning capacitor is adjusted to 500 pF.
Calculate the Q of the circuit and the coil inductance? ((R10) S-1 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(7)

Dept. of ECE Ramachandra College of Engineering, Eluru 16

Consolidated by Prof. Jagan Mohan Rao S.
 R13 - II B. Tech ECE, ii-Semester ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT ANALYSIS

14. a) Explain the principle of stagger tuning technique of transformer-coupled amplifier

that is used to obtain band pass filter characteristic with pass band of 10 kHz with all
necessary diagrams for illustration. ((R10) S-2 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(8)
b) Draw the circuit of double-tuned transformer-coupled amplifier. Discuss the
nature of responses of the amplifier for different values of KQ = 1; KQ > 1 and KQ < 1.
((R10) S-2 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(7)
15. a) Explain the principle of stabilizing the double-tuned transformer coupled amplifier
response against the internal feedback ((R10) S-3 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(7)
b) Explain the function of 'swamping resistor' in improving the bandwidth of tuned
amplifiers. ((R10) S-3 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(4)
c) Draw the circuit of typical single tuned RF amplifier stage employing a transistor,
explain its operation. If the tuned circuit contains L = 200 μH, C = 126 pF, R L = 5
kΩ. Calculate the Bandwidth of the amplifier. ((R10) S-3 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(4)

16. a) State the functions and frequency ranges of operation of Tuned amplifiers with
relevant reasons. ((R10) S-4 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(3)
b) Explain and also mention the Class of operation of the amplifier for limiting the
amplitude of gain to the desired level. ((R10) S-4 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(7)
c) Derive the equation for the 3 dB band width of capacitance coupled single tuned
amplifier. ((R10) S-4 Jan’ 14 Sup.)(5)

17. a) Draw the circuit diagram of a Double tuned amplifier. Draw and explain in
detail the frequency response for different values of coefficient of coupling (K) i.e.
K = l, K = 1.5, K = 2 and also explain what is Loose coupling and Tight coupling?
b) What is synchronous tuning? Derive an expression for bandwidth of an
n-stage synchronously tuned amplifier? ((R10) S-1 May’ 13 Reg.)(15)

18. a) Derive an expression for bandwidth of a capacitive coupled tuned amplifier in

CE configuration. Make necessary assumptions and mention them.
b) Discuss the necessity of stabilization circuits in tuned amplifiers. ((R10) S-2 May’ 13 Reg.)(15)

19. a) What is synchronous tuning? Derive an expression for bandwidth of an

n-stage synchronously tuned amplifier.
b) Show that for an 'n' stage synchronously tuned amplifier, maximum bandwidth is
obtained when the single stage gain is 4.34 dB. ((R10) S-3 May’ 13 Reg.)(15)

20. a) Draw the circuit diagram and small signal AC equivalent circuit of a single tuned
amplifier (using BJT) with the tank circuit connected at the input side.
b) With a neat diagram show how to cascade tuned amplifiers and determine gain and
band width? ((R10) S-4 May’ 13 Reg.)(15)

Dept. of ECE Ramachandra College of Engineering, Eluru 17

Consolidated by Prof. Jagan Mohan Rao S.