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Basic Understanding of HAZOP PDF
Basic Understanding of HAZOP PDF
Designed by
Hossam A. Hassanein
2
Goals
Basic understanding of HAZOP
HAZOP requirements
How it works
Case study
HAZOP team
road.
occurs?
Points to
Ponder
Definition
History
Initially prepared by
Dr. H G Lawley and
associates of ICI at
Wilton in 1960’s .
In 1977, Chemical
Industries Association
published the edited
version.
ICI expanded the
procedure called
HAZARD STUDY levels
1 to 6.
6
Project definition
REMEBER
HAZOP is an
identifying technique
and not intended as
a means of solving
problems
8
P&ID
A Piping and
Instrumentation
Diagram - P&ID, is a
schematic illustration P&ID represents the
of functional last step in process
relationship of piping, design.
instrumentation and
system equipment
components.
15
P&ID Example
16
HAZOP Procedure
List of guide words
for generation of
process deviations
Definitions
18
Study Nodes
Intention
Deviations
Causes
Consequences
Safeguards
Guide Words
A short word to
create the
imagination of a
deviation of the
design/process intent.
25
Stopped Too Slow Too Fast Out of ____________ Web or Belt Backward
Speed Synch Break
Utility Failure External External Tube Leak Tube Startup, ____________
Special Leak Rupture Rupture Shutdow n,
27
Process Parameters
Process parameters may generally be classified into the following groups:
Examples of Process
Parameters
Flow Pressure Composition Addition Separation Time
Reaction Sequence
29
Identify Causes
Associate Consequences
Case
Study
32
HAZOP on Reactor
Cooling
Water
No
Rev
MoreerseThan
Other
As Well As No
Rev
MoreCooling
erse
Another
Reactor cooling
cooling
material
product Cooling
Failure
Control
Water ofvwater
water
source
More pressurealve in Temperature
Less
Too
May much product Install
cooling,
be cooling
Off-spec Instruct
If high
check
less cooling,
Check operators
flow
besides
in coils cooling v alve
source
failure, resulting
contaminated
reactor operator increase
cooling,
ineffectivin
possible runaway
reactor
e and temperature
v
on
TAHalve
procedures
will detect. If
maintenance
water malfunction
in backward
fails to take flow reactor
reaction
cool on the
effect alarm
detected,(TAH)
procedures isolate
and
action on alarm reaction water
schedulessource.
Back up water
source?
34
None
More No
More cooling
cooling water Failure
Failure of
of inlet
inlet Process
Output fluid Install
Less erse
Rev Less erse
Rev cooling
process Pipe leakage
Failure ofwater
process Process of
Product
Process
fluid
off set
Install
Installation
Install check of
Contamination flow
Process
water fluid
flow cooling
Contamination
cooling water in temperature
Outlet
fluid is
temperature Temperature
Proper
Temperature
water
fluid flow fluid
v inlet v alve temperature too flow
v alvemeter
contamination v alve
cooling towater
alve to open
close not lowered
temperature
too
low low too indicator
maintenance before
indicator before
accordingly
low after process
and operator
after the
process
fluid line fluid line
alert
Install
Install TAH
TAL
37
HAZOP Team
Design Engineer
Process
5 to 7 members
Engineer
Operations
Supervisor
Instrument
Design Engineer
Chemist
Maintenance
Supervisor
Safety Engineer
(team leader)
38
HAZOP Advantage
Easy to learn
HAZOP Disadvantage
Time consuming
Define one line section Define additional line sections Define a process section at
Define each major process
between each major process for each branches off the each connection to existing
component as a section.
component. main process flow. equipment.
Define only one line at the Define only one additional line
Define only one process
end of a series of components section if there are alternative
section for equipment in
if there are no other flow flow paths, regardless of how
identical service.
paths. many branches there are.
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