MATH 101: Foundation Mathematics, Tutorial 2

Semester 1, September 30-October 04, 2019

1. Evaluate the following.
2 1
(a) 140 (c) (−8) 3 (e) 81− 4
2
− 32
(b) (−243) 5 (d) 6−2 (f) 343
64

2. Simplify the expressions and eliminated any negative exponents

3  3√ 2 −3
(a) 2x3 y 2 3xy 4 xy −2 z −3


x 5x + 2
(f) , x 6= y (k)
 a 3  b2 a 4 x−y x2 y 3 z −4
2
(b) 42(3x + 1)6
  3 3
5
b c (g) x 2a 4
4
7(3x + 1)−1 (l) 1
2 4 8
(x ) x  2 5  3 2 3
a ab x4
(c) 4 3 2 (h)
6
x (x )x b c3 8a1/3 b−3/4
(m)
6x 2x2 4 2 3 2 2 (64a−3 b4 )−2/3
   
(d) √ + 3 x x 2x y
x (i)
x2 4y 5 z3  9 −4 2 2
7z y x
− 32 2 25x3 z 3 y −5

243x10 (8x3 y 3 ) 3 (n) 3
(j)

(e) 1 49x2 y 4 z −5
32y 15 (x4 y −4 ) 4 15x4 yz 7

3. (a) Expand the following.

(i) (a + b)2 (iii) (a + b)4

(ii) (a + b)3 (iv) (a + b)5

(b) From the results obtained in (a), deduce a pattern that leads to Pascals triangle if the
process is continued up to (a + b)7
4. Rationalise the denominator of the radical
√ √ √ √
3−9 15 2 5−3 7
(a) √ (d) √ √ (g) √ √
2 6 5+ 3 5 6+4 2
√ √ √ √ √
2 20x5 − 12x2 2 3y 3x 2x + 4x3
(b) √ (e) √ (h) √ √
18x 4 − 5x3 5x − 3x
√ √
2 3− 5 x + xy
(c) √ (f) √ (i) √ √
3−5 2− 3 x+ y
 
2(2a−3) + 3 2(2a−6)
5. For any real number a, find the simplified value of: (1−a) (3a+1)
2 [2 − 8(a−1) ]
6. Simplify the expression
√ √ √
5
√
5
√ √
(a) 32 + 18 (c) 396 + (e) 16x + x5
√ √ √4
√
4
p √
(b) 75 + 48 (d) 48 − 3 (f) 3 2y 4 − 3 y

7. Simplify the expression and eliminate any negative exponents(s). Assume that all letters
denote positive numbers.

1
 √
p
6
p p p q
(a) y5 3 y2 (d) 4xy 3 6 x3 y 2
√
√
(f) x x3
(b) 5 3 a 2 4 a s √
√
√ 128x2 y 4 3
8x3
(e) 3

(c) 2 a
3
a2 4x5 y (g) √
x

8. Simplify (x, y, z, a and n are integers):

52n+1 ·32n−3 2x −2x−1
(a) (x0 y)xn · (xa ÷ xn ) (e) 152n
(i) 3·2x −4·2x−3

−3 √
−3 8n ·6n−3 ·91−n x+4 x+4
(b) (x−2 ) ÷ x12 (f) 16n−1 ·3−n
(j) √
x+2
9x−4y
(c) x3 y 2 z ÷ xy 2 z 3 (g) 4x − 4x+1 (k) 1 1
3x 2 +2y 2
1
(3n )2 +32n−1 23x+1
(d) (x2 + 2xy + y 2 ) 2 (h) 9n
(l) 2x +1

9. Write each number in decimal notation.

(a) 4.19 × 105 (c) 3.670 × 10−8

(b) 3.721 × 108 (d) 6.55 × 10−3

10. Write each number in scientific notation.

(a) 72, 400.000 (d) 0.0002113 (g) 0.0000000024

(b) 5, 600, 000, 000, 000 (e) 132, 540, 000 (h) 0.0007038
(c) 0.000034356 (f) 6, 265, 000, 000 (i) 0.00125