Worksheet 4. Algebraic Language.

1. Calculate:
a ¿−7 x 3+ 6 x 3 b) 3 y 2 +9 y 2−2 y 2 c) −5 x 4 ∙8 y
d) 3 x 2 ∙ 4 y 3 e) 15 xyz : 3 xyz f) 16 x 3 y 4 : 2 x 2 y

2. Work out these operations:

a) 6 x 3−2 x+ 3 x 2−8 x + x 2
b) 4 x y 2 +7 x 3 y 2−(6 x y 2 +3 x 3 y 2 )

3. Given the polynomials P ( x ) =2 x 5−3 x 4 +3 x 2−5 and

Q ( x ) =x5 +6 x 4 −4 x3 −x+7 work out: P ( x ) +2 Q ( x ) ∧P ( x )−Q ( x ) .

4. Work out this product: (3 x 2+5 x−6)(8 x2−3 x + 4)

5. Take out the common factor in these polynomials:

a ¿ x ¿2+ 5 x e) 3 x 3−6 x +9 i) 6 x 2 y 2−3 y 2 +30 x 2 y

3
b ¿ 2 x −x f ¿ x ¿ −x + x
3 9 4
j ¿ 3 x+ 6 y−9 z
3 2
c ¿ 3 x −6 x +9 g) 4 3
6 x −24 x +12 x
2
k) ( x +1 )( x−3 )+ ( x −3 ) ( x +2 )
3 2
d ¿ 3 x −6 x +9 x
5 2
h ¿−4 x +3 x −x l) 3 ( x+ 1 )+ ( 6+6 x )

6. Considering the polynomials written bellow p(x), q(x) and r(x) ,work out:

a) p(x) + q(x);
b) p(x) - q(x);
c) p(x) + q(x) - r(x);
d) p(x) - q(x) -r(x).

p( x )=3x 2 +5x−6 ; q( x )=5x 2 +8x−9 ; r ( x )=3x +4 .

7. Considering the polynomials p(x) and q(x) written bellow, work out:
a) p(x) + q(x);
b) q(x) - p(x);
c) p(x)·q(x).
3 2 3 2
p( x )=x −5x +7 ; q (x )=2x +6x −3x+1 .
 8. Considering the polynomials p(x), q(x) & r(x) written bellow, calculate:
a) p(x) + q(x);
b) p(x) - q(x);
c) p(x) + q(x) - r(x);
d) p(x) - q(x) -r(x).
3 2 3 2 3
p( x )=4x +3x −5x +6 ; q (x )=x −6x +2x−7 ; r ( x )=x −7 .

9. Considering the polynomials p(x), q(x) and r(x) written bellow, calculate:
a) p(x)·q(x);
b) p(x)·r(x);
c) q(x)·r(x).
2 2
p( x )=4x −13x+20 ; q( x )=10x −7x+8 ; r ( x )=5x−1 .

10. Considering the polynomials p(x), q(x) and r(x) written bellow, calculate:
a) p(x)·q(x);
b) p(x)·r(x);
c) q(x)·r(x).
p( x )=2x 4 + x 2−2 ; q ( x )=2x 4 −x 2 +4 ; r (x )=3x 4 +15.

11. Considering the polynomials p(x) and q(x) written bellow, calculate:
a) p(x) + q(x);
b) p(x) - q(x);
c) p(x)·q(x).
p( x )=5x 4 +4x 3 +3x 2 +2x +1 ; q( x )=x 4 −x 2−2.

12. Divide these polynomials using Ruffini’s rule. Which one is an exact division?
a ) ( 4x 2−13x +10 ) : ( x−2 ) ; b ) ( 5x2 + 8x−9 ) : ( x+ 1 ) ; c ) ( x 4 −x 2−2 ) : ( x−1 ) .

c ) ( x 3 +6x 2 +5x−12 ) : ( x +4 ) ; d ) ( 4x 3 −9x +8 ) : ( x+ 2 ) ; e ) ( 7x 4 −5x2 +1 ) : ( x−1 ) .

f ) ( 1−x 6 ) : ( 1+ x ) ; g ) ( 4x3 + 3x2 −5x+ 6 ) : ( x−2 ) ; h) ( 2x 4 +3x 2−5 ) : ( x +3 ) .

Calculate using the remarkable identities:

( x+4 )2 ( √ 3x+ y )2 ; (7x+2y )(7x−2y );

( x−5)
2 (−a+5b )( a+5b);
( 10a−3b )2 ;
( x3 −3 )2
(−2h−3z )2 . (2 7 2 7
)(
a+ b a− b .
5 3 5 3 )
2 3 2
(3 x + x ) ( 5 x−1 )2
(2x−3 )2
( 2 x 2−1/ 2 )
2 (12 x+ 34 y )(12 x−34 y );
( √7−3z )( √7+3z ) ;
(−5h+3m ) (−5h−3m ) .
14. Factorize these polynomials indicating their roots.

a ) x 3 +6x2 −31x−36;
b ) x 3 −9x 2 −5x+33;
c ) x 3 −2x2 −45x+126 .
15. Find a polynomial with only these roots:

a) -5, 3, 8

b) 0, 3, 6

16. Find the roots of these polynomials and factorize them:

a ) x 3 +6x2 −31x−36; d ) 2x 3 +6x 2 −50x+42;

b ) x 3 −9x 2 −5x+33; e ) 3x3 −15x 2 −3x+15;
c ) x 3 −2x2 −45x+126 . f ) x3 −9x .

g) x 3 −13x2 +42x; j ) x 3 −4x 2 −37x+40;

h ) 4x3 −32x 2+4x+168; k ) x 3 +13x2 +42x;
i) x3 −3x 2 −88x−240 . l) x 3−7x 2 +7x +15 .

m) x 3−4x 2−103x−182; o ) x3 +8x 2−80x−384;

n ) x 3−7x 2−16x +112; p) 11x 3 +21x 2 −35x+3;
ñ ) x3−4x2 +9x−10 . q ) x3 −23x 2 +135x−225 .

r) x 3 −9x 2−84x+196;
s) x 3 −3x2 −97x +99;
t ) x3 +6x 2−61x−210 .