12/24/2016 SQL Server Interview Questions: What is the difference between Having and Where clause

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this site using g+1 button What is the difference between Having and
+5   Recommend this on Google Where clause
Let us understand the difference between HAVING and WHERE clause with an
example. Consider the Employees table below.

Employee Table

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Basic SQL Server Interview Questions
SQL Server Interview Questions on
Temporary Tables
SQL Server Interview Questions on
Indexes ‐ Part 1
SQL Server Interview Questions on
Indexes ‐ Part 2
What is the difference between
Having and Where clause
What is the difference between a
Temporary Table and a Table Variable
What is the use of COALESCE in SQL
Server
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triggers
Difference between User Defined
Function and Stored Procedure
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Views ‐ Part 1
SQL Server Interview Questions on
Views ‐ Part 2
Basic SQL Server Interview Questions
on Joins
Explain Inner Join with an example
Explain Left Outer Join with an
example
Explain Right Outer Join with an
example
Explain Full Outer Join with an
example
Explain Self Join with an example
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Scan and Index Seek
Write a SQL Query to delete from a
table that is involved in a SQL join
What are the advantages of using
stored procedures
What are the different ways to
replace NULL values in SQL Server
http://venkatsqlinterview.blogspot.in/2011/07/what­is­difference­between­having­and.html
SQL Server Interview Questions: What is the difference between Having and Where clause
)
Data Inserttion Script:
Insert into Employees Values(1,'John','IT','Male','UK',5000)
Insert into Employees Values(2,'Mary','HR','Female','India',3000)
Insert into Employees Values(3,'Todd','IT','Male','UK',3500)
Insert into Employees Values(4,'Pam','HR','Female','India',4000)
Insert into Employees Values(5,'Tatcher','Payroll','Male','USA',2000)
Insert into Employees Values(6,'Sunil','IT','Male','USA',1400)
Insert into Employees Values(7,'Hari','Payroll','Male','UK',2500)
Insert into Employees Values(8,'Sunitha','HR','Female','India',4000)
Insert into Employees Values(9,'Sneha','IT','Female','India',3000)
Insert into Employees Values(10,'Ruby','Payroll','Male','UK',4600)
You can use HAVING clause only when you use Group By clause. The following
query will give an error stating "Column 'Employees.Dept' is invalid in the
HAVING clause because it is not contained in either an aggregate function or the
GROUP BY clause."
Select * from Employees Having Dept='IT'
So to filter the rows as they are selected from the table we use WHERE clause
as shown below 
Select * from Employees Where Dept='IT'
If I want to select, the toal number of employees in IT department I can write the
query in 2 different ways as shown below.
1. Select Dept, COUNT(*) as Total from Employees Where Dept='IT' Group By
Dept
2. Select Dept, COUNT(*) as Total from Employees Group By Dept Having
Dept='IT'
The first query runs faster than the second query. This is because, in the first
query we only select IT department records and then perform the count operation
where as in the second query we perform the count on all the Department
records and then select only the IT department and its count using the HAVING
clause. As the second query has more records to process than the first query, it
tends to be relatively slower.
So, a WHERE clause is used in the select statement to filter the rows as they
are retrieved from the database table. HAVING clause is used in the select
statement in conjunction with the Group By clause, to filter the query results
after they have been grouped.
If you have spotted any errors or if you can improve this answer further, please
feel free to do so by submitting the form below.
2/6
12/24/2016 SQL Server Interview Questions: What is the difference between Having and Where clause

+5   Recommend this on Google

SQL Server interview questions on
string manipulation functions

Write a Stored Procedure that takes 13 comments:

column name as a parameter and
returns the result sorted by the
column that is passed Anonymous August 8, 2011 at 6:57 AM
What is deferred name resolution in First Query can still be improved as follows:
SQL Server? 1. Select 'IT' as Dept, COUNT(1) as Total from Employees Where
Dept='IT'
Reply

Replies

Kiran April 19, 2012 at 10:20 PM

Beautiful Query

Reply

asp.net tutorials December 25, 2011 at 6:30 AM

how to write the query to get the count of particular table
columns in a database.
Reply

Replies

tsmith16789 May 18, 2012 at 11:52 AM

hERE IS THE SOLUTION FOR YOUR QUERY IN ms sQL
SERVER:

Select COUNT(*)

From infoschema.Column

Where Table_Name = 'name_your_table'

tsmith16789 May 18, 2012 at 11:54 AM

Select Count(*)

From infoColumn.Column

Where table_name = 'name_your_table'

sirisha sarikonda July 16, 2013 at 2:34 PM

Sorry, when i executed the above two queries i am
getting a error
Incorrect syntax near the keyword 'Column'.

we can use either of the below to get the column

count.
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12/24/2016 SQL Server Interview Questions: What is the difference between Having and Where clause

select count(*) from SYSCOLUMNS where id=(select id

from SYSOBJECTS where name='table name ')

select count(*) from SYSCOLUMNS where id=

object_id('table name')

amitnpatil.blogspot.com August 11, 2015 at 2:21 AM

Select COUNT(*)
from INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
where TABLE_NAME='name_your_table'

Reply

jatin nahar January 4, 2013 at 3:24 AM

1. We can write having clause with only select statement but
we can use where clause in any DML statement.

Reply

Sameer Thakkar September 18, 2013 at 11:23 AM

Hi All,

One more difference is :

We can use aggregate function in a HAVINGclause but not in
WHERE clause.

Eg: Select Dept, COUNT(*) as Total from Employees Group By

Dept Having COUNT(*) > 5
But the same is not used in WHERE clause

Eg: Select Dept, COUNT(*) as Total from Employees Where

COUNT(*) > 5 ‐‐‐‐‐this will give an error
Reply

Anonymous November 19, 2013 at 5:21 AM

how to get the duplicate value in table ?
Reply

Dhans January 6, 2014 at 11:22 AM

WHERE

‐‐‐‐‐‐

‐‐> Where is used in select, insert, update, delete statements

‐‐> WHERE clause works on individual rows

‐‐> if the query has both WHERE and HAVING clauses in the

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12/24/2016 SQL Server Interview Questions: What is the difference between Having and Where clause

statement, WHERE Clause gets applied first. Once the rows that
meet the WHERE criteria are chosen, then they are grouped
and finally HAVING works on those grouped rows.

HAVING

‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐

‐‐> Having can only be used in select statement

‐‐> Having clause is used generally with GROUP BY statement

and works as a filter on grouped rows, but it can be used
without GROUP BY too. When GROUP BY is not used, HAVING
behaves like a WHERE clause.

Reply

Unknown July 11, 2016 at 11:30 AM

Is it works?
Select id ,name,sal,from table Group by I'd,name,sal having
(sal>avg(sal))
Reply

Replies

Anonymous August 23, 2016 at 7:06 AM

Sorry it won't works since the aggregate function is
not applied on the column id.It is not possible to use
the having clause as a conditional.

Reply

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