Experiment No.

_5_
Embuscado, Rafael Inigo, S.
Group No. _4_

ANSWERS TO EVALUATION QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS:

V. PROBLEMS

1. Describe at least two methods to measure pH.

PH test strips - contain a number of indicator bars that change color after solution
exposure. The intensity of each bar varies between the acids and bases. Collect a
liquid sample in a clean container to ensure that the sample is sufficiently deep to
cover the test strip. Dip a strip in the test for a couple of seconds and wait to
change the color of the indicator bars on the sheet. Compare the test strip end to
the color chart that came with the paper to assess the liquid's pH level.

PH meters - are the most reliable and commonly used method of measurement.
Pocket-sized meters called testers are lightweight, simple to use for fieldwork and
relatively low costs. Handheld, portable meters are one step above the testers.
These often provide additional features and can be used in both laboratories and
field use. Benchtop meters provide more substantial data management and display
readings on larger displays for stationary laboratory applications. ISFET (ion-
specific field effect transistor) meters do not have glass bulb electrodes but a
silicon chip sensor. These meters are used more often in the production of food.

2. Calculate the pH of each of the following solutions.

a. 0.05 M HCl = 1.30 pH
b. 0.01 M NaOH = 12 pH
c. 0.5 H2SO4 = 0.30 pH
d. 0.25 M HCl = 0.60 pH
e. 0.25 KOH = 13.40 pH

a) Calculated (theoretical)

0.1 M HCl = -log(0.1) = 1

0.1 M NaOH = pOH = -log(0.1) = 1

pH = 14-1 = 13
INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS:

We used pH paper and pH meter to assess the pH level of each solution. We get 5 ml
of each solution where we dip the pH paper and decide the amount to which each reagent is
equal. Then we use the pH paper and pH meter to measure the pH value of each solution and
then calculate the theoretical value of each solution. We did this on strong as well as weak
acids.

CONCLUSION:

We conclude that it is essential for us to calculate the solutions if the solution is acidic or
basic. Neutral pH is 7 where drinking is safe whereas acidic is 6 and below, and basic is 8 to
14.

REFERENCES:
https://www.news-medical.net/health/pH-in-the-Human-Body.aspx#targetText=pH%20of
%20Different%20Body%20Fluids,it%20can%20lead%20to%20coma.