Soil profiles consist of five horizons: the O horizon contains plant litter and humus on top, followed by the A horizon containing humus mixed with minerals, then the B horizon which is a mineral layer, below that is the C horizon made of weathered bedrock, and deepest is the R horizon of unweathered bedrock. Parent material is the geological layer beneath soil horizons from which soils form.
Soil profiles consist of five horizons: the O horizon contains plant litter and humus on top, followed by the A horizon containing humus mixed with minerals, then the B horizon which is a mineral layer, below that is the C horizon made of weathered bedrock, and deepest is the R horizon of unweathered bedrock. Parent material is the geological layer beneath soil horizons from which soils form.
Soil profiles consist of five horizons: the O horizon contains plant litter and humus on top, followed by the A horizon containing humus mixed with minerals, then the B horizon which is a mineral layer, below that is the C horizon made of weathered bedrock, and deepest is the R horizon of unweathered bedrock. Parent material is the geological layer beneath soil horizons from which soils form.