Summary

Explanation text is written to explain how or why something happens. Social

function of explanation text is to explain the process of something exist or is
farmed. Generic structure of this text consists of general statement, explanation
that the process/es and conclusion. Languange features of explanation text are:

 Action verbs, ex: run,sleep.

 Simple present tense
 Abstract nouns, ex: word chopping
 Passive voice
 Noun phrase
 Conjunctions of time and cause
 Past tense

Example of Explanation Text

What is cancer? It is actually a group of more than one hundred separate diseases.
Most of us are fear from cancer It is reasonable because next to heart disease,
cancer is the second leading cause of death. Cancer cells come from normal cells
because of mutations of DNA. Those mutations can occur spontaneously. The
mutations may be also induced by other factors such as: nuclear and
electromagnetic radiation, viruses, bacteria and fungi, parasites, heat, chemicals
in the air, water and food, mechanical cell-level injury, free radicals, evolution and
ageing of DNA, etc. All such factors can produce mutations that may start cancer.
Cancer cells are formed continuously in the organism. It is estimated that there
are about 10,000 cancer cells at any given time in a healthy person. Why do some
result in macroscopic-level cancers and some do not? First, not all damaged cells
can multiply and many of them die quickly. Second, those which potentially divide
and form cancer are effectively destroyed by the mechanisms available to the
immune system. Therefore cancer develops if the immune system is not working
properly or the amount of cells produced is too great for the immune system to
eliminate.
Summary
Explanation text is written to explain how or why something happens. Social
function of explanation text is to explain the process of something exist or is
farmed. Generic structure of this text consists of general statement, explanation
that the process/es and conclusion. Languange features of explanation text are:

 Action verbs, ex: run,sleep.

 Simple present tense
 Abstract nouns, ex: word chopping
 Passive voice
 Noun phrase
 Conjunctions of time and cause
 Past tense

Example of Explanation Text

How Earthquakes Happen?
Earthquake is one of the most destroying natural disasters. Unluckily it often
happens in several regions. Recently a horrible earthquake has shaken West
Sumatra. It has brought great damages. Why did it occur? Do you know how an
earthquake happens?

Earthquakes are usually caused when rock underground suddenly breaks along a
fault. This sudden release of energy causes the seismic waves. It make the ground
shake. When two blocks of rock or two plates are rubbing against each other, they
stick a little. They don't just slide smoothly. The rocks are still pushing against each
other, but not moving. After a while, the rocks break because of all the pressure
that's built up. When the rocks break, the earthquake occurs.

During the earthquake and afterward, the plates or blocks of rock start moving,
and they continue to move until they get stuck again. The spot underground
where the rock breaks is called the focus of the earthquake. The place right above
the focus is called the epicenter of the earthquake.
Summary
Explanation text is written to explain how or why something happens. Social
function of explanation text is to explain the process of something exist or is
farmed. Generic structure of this text consists of general statement, explanation
that the process/es and conclusion. Languange features of explanation text are:

 Action verbs, ex: run,sleep.

 Simple present tense
 Abstract nouns, ex: word chopping
 Passive voice
 Noun phrase
 Conjunctions of time and cause
 Past tense

Example of Explanation Text

Have we wondered how we get chocolate from? Well this time we will enter the
amazing world of chocolate so we can understand exactly we are eating.
Chocolate starts a tree called cacao tree. This tree grows in equatorial regions,
especially in place such as South America, Africa, and Indonesia. The cacao tree
produces a fruit about the size of a small pine apple. In side the fruits are the
tree's seeds. They are also known as coco beans. Next, the beans are fermented
for about a week, dried in the sun. After that they are shipped to the chocolate
maker. The chocolate maker starts by roasting the beans to bring out the flavour.
Different beans from different places have different qualities and flavour. So they
are often shorted and blended to produce a distinctive mix. The next process is
winnowing. The roasted beans are winnowed to remove the meat nib of the cacao
bean from its shell. Then the nibs are blended. The blended nibs are ground to
make it a liquid. The liquid is called chocolate liquor. It tastes bitter. All seeds
contain some amount of fat and cacao beans are not different. However, cacao
beans are half fat, which is why the ground nibs from liquid. It is pure bitter
chocolate.