TRANSPORTATION NETWORKS AND THEIR IMPORTANCE

DIEGO ALEJANDRO MENDIETA MENDIETA

CENTRO BIOTECHNOLOGICO DEL CARIBE, VALLEDUPAR CESAR

LOGISTIC MANAGEMENT TIUTLADA
SIGN
REGIONAL CESAR
2018

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 DIEGO ALEJANDRO MENDIETA MENDIETA

TUTOR ING. MILENA DEL CARMEN ANGULO ELLES

FOOD ENGINEER

CENTRO BIOTECHNOLOGICO DEL CARIBE, VALLEDUPAR CESAR

LOGISTIC MANAGEMENT TIUTLADA
SIGN
REGIONAL CESAR
2018

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 INTRODUCTION

The transportation system is the most important component for most organizations,
because the success of a supply chain is closely related to its design and proper
use.

Transportation is responsible for moving finished products, semi-finished products,

raw materials and inputs, between companies and customers that are
geographically dispersed, and adds value to the products transported when they
are delivered on time, without damage and in the quantities required.

Likewise, transportation is one of the key points in customer satisfaction, however

it is one of the highest logistics costs and constitutes a representative proportion of
the prices in the products.

The costs associated with transportation are highly representative in the supply
chain and are directly involved in the relationship with suppliers, customers and
competitors.

The optimization of transport and efficient management have led to two

fundamental concepts when designing or dimensioning a transport system "a
logistics system, a network of routes and warehouses exclusively for transport".

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 Affectation of the packing and the packing of the products, for their transit
and their manipulation within the chain of distribution.

One of the most delicate stages in the export process is the transfer of products to
the external market. The export activity involves a series of packing and packaging
requirements that guarantee that the product arrives in good condition at its final
destination.

Proper packaging is vital to store, protect and serve as a means to manipulate

products. Each package must be designed to protect the product on its way from
the assembly line to the end user.

A poor quality packaging can be counterproductive for the producer, exporter and
distributor as they can result in damage, decomposition, and even, in extreme
cases, the total rejection by the buyer. Thus, poor packaging and / or packaging
can result in the loss of an export sale, and even in the loss of the customer.

The type of material used for transport depends on the product, the type of
transport (land, air or sea) and the final destination. The basic concept in
packaging is the "unit load" or "unitarization" which is based on the idea that all
carriers should pack the cargo so that it can be moved and manipulated throughout
the distribution chain with mechanical equipment such as forklifts and cranes.

The packaging procedures must comply with the following general and basic
recommendations:

The product must be properly placed inside the container to prevent it from moving
or rubbing other products

You must select the size and style of platform that is most suitable. A platform
accessible on all four sides allows a forklift or a crane to approach from any
direction, thus facilitating its handling. In addition, the standard dimensions of a
pallet (1m x 1.20m) maximize volume and can be loaded into containers for
transport

It is advisable to treat the ferrous surfaces with an anticorrosive agent so that your
product reaches the destination without rust or corrosion of any kind.

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 Importance of the identification of modes and means of transport.

Modes of transport is the system or method by which the transfer of goods or

another type of object from one place to another is going to be generated.

MEANS OF TRANSPORTATION: this refers to the type of vehicle that will be

implemented to perform the operation examples:

• Aerial mode: (airplane, helicopter.) Terrestrial mode: (truck, mule treatment,)

• Maritime mode :( ship, ship, boat,) Railway mode :( train, railway,) Air mode
• Land mode Maritime mode Rail mode.

INTERMODAL TRANSPORTATION Transport by which, using more than one

mode, goods are transferred from a point of origin to a point of destination.
MULTIMODAL TRANSPORTATION From a place located in a country where the
Multimodal Transport Operator takes the merchandise in its custody, to another
place designated for delivery in another country.

UNIMODAL TRANSPORTATION It is carried out using a mode of transport, which

can use a single bill of lading for the entire process can be used for each section a
transporter according to the contract.

BIMODAL TRANSPORTATION Freight transport carried out successively through

two modes of transport, normally road and rail.

The role of road infrastructure in the optimization of distribution channels

Colombia is a country that has a great diversity of resources, for this reason, the
road infrastructure is a determining factor in the economy since it is directly
involved in the formation of a broad market and in the linking of isolated regions of
geography national, which entails an effort on the part of the state to optimize the
relationship that exists between the availability of terrestrial communication routes
and the level of development of the population.

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The ease of movement allows to expand the market of products, mainly
agricultural, generates employment, promotes recreation, allows access to medical
services and also to a better quality education. Road infrastructure works help
reduce costs in market integration activities, which stimulates regional and
international trade.

Variables to take into account to design the distribution centers.

Transportation and Distribution: What are trucks? They are nothing more than
moving warehouses and if we have an efficient and efficient transport, we will
undoubtedly reduce the number of warehouses and static centers, since if the lead
time is met with our beloved trucks, it will not be necessary to have merchandise or
immobilized capital, over This base generate transportation zones based on levels
of committed service.

Demand Center: Another variable to consider are the demand centers, that is, we
can for example have 3 tentative cities to install a CD very close to each other,
around 100 km. or less, the question Which one do we choose? Simply the one
with the highest demand, this is one of the variables (not the only one), but added
to the rest of the variables helps the final decision.

Cost of the Distribution Center: Here a relevant aspect of the decision is involved,
since without a doubt the decision of the non-logistic areas is to lean towards the
wineries whose location is the lowest cost, however, it could not necessarily be the
best, if it is not associated to the Demand Center variable; however, it is an aspect
to consider in economic conditions.

Distribution Center Team: The people who stop Logistics are the most important, it
is a great variable to consider.

Computer connectivity: How do we communicate orders? By smoke signals? It

seems that we could not, we must have a good computer backup because one of
the premises of Logistics is to have the physical with the logic in parallel, if this is
not fulfilled, can you imagine the inventory differences? So without a doubt it is a
relevant variable to consider, as well as the training of our human team.

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 The role of ICT in transport networks

An adequate transportation system is the fundamental axis of the economy,

especially when we are immersed in a global market, where it is simple, and
sometimes cheaper, to buy thousands of kilometers than just around the corner.
But transport is also associated with some of the main environmental problems.

Information and communication technologies (ICT) can have two important

repercussions on transport, one, through the incorporation of vehicles and traffic
control systems, and the other, through the reduction of the demand for journeys
with the use of of services supported by information technologies.

The possibility of telematic management, online training and tele assistance are
also some of the services offered by information technologies, which can prevent
displacement. In these cases it is the information that moves from one point to
another and makes physical displacement unnecessary. The capacity offered by
ICT, especially the Internet, of access to information also helps to avoid
unnecessary travel. Among the applications that offer a high potential in reducing
transport needs, we can mention videoconferencing.

Intelligent transport systems emerged from the implementation of ICT in road

transport, but nowadays they are being integrated into other modes of transport.
These systems offer significant potential to make cars more efficient, can save
lives and reduce the impact of transportation in the middle.

The incorporation of ICT in automobiles provides new solutions to increase road

safety and allow a more efficient use of fuel. The systems incorporated in the
intelligent vehicle pose the interaction between the driver, the vehicle and the road
environment, and provide the driver with information about the road in real time,
which can help the driver to prevent accidents and avoid areas of congestion.

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 Final reflection and conclusion.

Distribution networks are undoubtedly a necessary element in any organization.

They allow to maintain direct contact with the client, develop multiple operations at
the same time and make it more known in the market, they are of the utmost
importance since without them we could not meet the demands of the clients, our
product would not reach them, we could not comply with the level of efficiency
required and our company would not have a very good reputation, we would not
have our inventory in good condition to meet market demand and yet our company
could not expand and we would only get lost, in addition to a distribution network
Solid is one of the most valuable assets for any business.

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 BIBLIOGRAPHY

• http://normas-icontec.com/

• Support material

• www.google.com

• Shared material study partners.