Exercise #2

Object TYPES OF GENE ACTION AND

MODIFICATION OF MENDELIAN RATIOS

• Complete dominance – a type of gene action in which one allele at locus

completely masks the effect of another allele at the same locus.
• OR
• A form of dominance wherein the dominant allele completely masks the
effect of the recessive allele in heterozygous condition

1
 Complete dominance: Inheritance
of black and red colour in cattle
P Generation Female parent x Male parent
Phenotype Black Red
Genotype BB bb
Gametes All B All b
F1 Genotype All Bb
F1 Phenotype All black

Interbreeding of F1
F1 Generation Female x Male
F1 Phenotype Black Black
F1 Genotype Bb Bb
F1 Gametes B, b B, b

F1 Female gametes F1 Male gametes

B b
B BB Bb
b Bb bb

F2 Genotypes: BB, Bb, Bb ,bb

F2 Phenotypes: black, red
F2 Phenotypic ratio: 3: 1 for black: red 3
 Incomplete dominance
A form of dominance occurring in heterozygotes in which
the dominant allele is only partially expressed, and usually resulting in
an offspring with an intermediate phenotype.

• Plumage colour in chickens is a good example of incomplete dominance.

Crosses between a true- breeding black strain (CBCB) and a true-breeding
white strain (CWCW) give F1 progeny with bluish-
grey plumage (CBCW).
• Interbreeding the F1 birds produces black, bluish- grey and white fowl in
a ratio of 1:2:1.
Inheritance of plumage colour in chickens
P generation: Female x Male
Phenotype:Black plumage White plumage
Genotypes: C B/C B C W/C W
Gametes: All C B all C W
F 1 genotypes: All C B /C W
F 1 Phenotypes: All bluish-grey (due to incomplete dominance)

Interbreeding of F 1
F 1 generation: Female x Male
F 1 phenotype: Bluish-grey Bluish-grey
F 1 genotypes: C B /C W C B /C W
F 1 gametes: CB, C W CB, C W

F1 F1 Male Gametes
Female CB CW
Gametes
CB C B /C B C B /C W
CW C B /C W C W /C W

F 2 Genotypes C B /C B , C B /C W, C W /C W
F 2 Phenotypes black, bluish-grey white 5

F 2 Phenotypic ratio is 1:2:1 for black:bluish-grey:white