MECHATRONICS

Programmable Logic Controllers

 What is PLC?
 Programmable logic controller
 A programmable control system with
functions to control logic, sequencing,
timing, counting and arithmetic data
manipulation
 Heart of the control system
 replace electromechanical relays as logic
elements, substituting instead a solid
state digital computer with a stored
program
 electromechanical relays
 Tedious work in installation
and troubleshooting
 Higher maintenance cost
 Difficulty in changing system
operation
 1960’s
 Bedford Associates released –
MODICON
 Modular Digital Controller
 Advantages of PLC
 80 % wire reduction
 Fast and easy detection of error
 Easy system operation change
 Cheaper
 Reliabilty is greater- less moving
part
 Occupy lesser space
 Communication capability
 Faster response time
Components of the PLC
 Processor (CPU)
 Is the “brain” of the PLC
 Consists of a microprocessor for
implementing the logic, and controlling the
communications among the modules
 Designed so the desired circuit can be
entered in relay ladder logic form
 accepts input data from various sensing
devices,
 executes the stored user program, and
 Sends appropriate output commands to
control devices.
 Programming Device
 PC is the most
commonly used
programming
device
 software allows
users to create, edit,
document, store
and troubleshoot
programs
 Input modules
 Forms the interface by which
input field devices are
connected to the controller
 Output modules
 Forms the interface by
which output field devices
are connected to the
controller
 PLC Mixer Process Control Problem
 Mixer motor to automatically stir
the liquid in the vat when the
temperature and pressure reach
preset values
 Alternate manual pushbutton
control of the motor to be
provided
 The temperature and pressure
sensor switches close their
respective contacts when
conditions reach their preset
values
Ladder Diagram
PLC Input Module Connections
PLC Output Module Connections
PLC Ladder Logic Program
Modifying A PLC Program