Professional Documents
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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
On the opposite hand, development and humanitarian relief NGOs would like
substantial resources, to run their operational programs, therefore most of them pronto settle
for official funds. It’s so vital for the organization to possess transparency in its operations and
goals so its relationship.
Economical feasibility
The project needs Associate in Nursing economical browser and needed tools to run the project
that area unit offered terribly simply. Today inbuilt NIC area unit offered on systems so no
further quantity is needed to buy them. So our project is economically possible.
CHAPTER 2
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
In India and abroad, several studies have been made on Non Government organizations
working in urban as well as rural areas. Much of the literature on these organizations in Indian
settings has come from traditional social work. –
Although the poor have willingness to overcome their ill-being, they are not able to do it by
using their own resources. There are so many factors that trap the poor until they are in
powerless conditions, such as diseases, climate stress, environmental degradation, physical
isolation, and also extreme poverty itself. Essentially, the poor must be helped to exit from the
poverty trap. If it can be reached, there will be an opportunity to get a first foothold on the
ladder of development. In helping the poor to climb out of poverty, NGOs use two approaches:
supplyside and demand-side (Clark, 1995).
Fowler (1997) identifies two types of NGO tasks: micro-tasks and macro-tasks. From the
supply-side or micro-tasks approach, NGOs provide various basic public services to the poor.
It is argued that especially in countries where government lack public services, NGOs play a
significant role in the direct provision of social and economic services. In general, NGOs
emerge and play the roles as service providers.
NGOs or Voluntary Organizations are not a new phenomenon and the concept of voluntary
action is very ancient. According to Inamdar (1987), “During ancient and medieval times,
voluntarism operated freely and exclusively in the fields of education, medicine, cultural
promotion and even acted as succour in crises like droughts, floods, epidemics and foreign
invasions”. Michael Banton‟s essay (1957) viewed that “Voluntary Associations become more
common and significant as societies advance in technology, complexity and scale and these
associations function as a means of organizing people in order to achieve new ends, such as
Shalini Mehta (1980) has found that these organizations working more effectively in the field
of education rather than the Government department, where as in the case of health, both
Voluntary and Government Organizations failed.
K.A. Suresh‟s (1990) found that NGOs are not working as participatory organizations to the
extent desired. The rates of participation of beneficiaries and institutional arrangements for
participation are found to be very low. The beneficiaries are also found to be not keen in getting
represented in decision making bodies and planning process.
Vanitha Vishwanath‟s (1993) evaluates and compares the role of two NGOs i.e., Integrated
Development Service and Gram Vikas in promoting women development. She found that
Gram Vikas is working more effectively than Integrated Development Service. This is because
that Gram Vikas programmes are designed in such a way that they yield quick results and are
sensitive to the immediate needs of the people.
Vijay Mahajan (1994) made an attempt to examine the role of NGOs and training institutions
in DWCRA programme. His study emphasizes that there is a need for the NGOs and training
institutions to make DWCRA programme more effective.
Roger C. Riddel and Mark Robinson (1995) found that NGO projects were successful and
effective in improving the social status of the poor; however, not all the projects were
successful in reaching the poor.
S. Mohanan (2000) points out that NGOs have been playing a very important role in the
country over the last quarter of the century in the sphere of social development. He opines that
NGOs are a powerful tool in poverty alleviation and development. He considers that “The role
of NGOs is more significant and pronounced in the sphere of micro credit. The rich experience
of NGOs in the sphere of credit union and their grass root level involvement with the poor and
their problems is a potential factor that affirms their elevated role in the sphere of micro credit”
(ibid : 22-23). He believes that “NGOs will have a more elevated role in micro credit and
through it the empowerment of women in days to come” (ibid: 28).
Desai (2005) has mentioned that NGOs have an important role to play in supporting women,
men and households, community groups, civil society groups and expected that they can meet
the welfare. M.
Gurulingaiah (2002) observed that the NGO has been organizing the women to form SHGs to
meet their felt needs and enable them to participate in planning and implementation of their
own developmental programmes. Besides, it has been conducting social and health awareness
campaigns to eliminate superstitious customs, attitude and thinking related to poverty and child
birth which are blocking the progress of tribal women.
M. Ramesh Singh (2004) concluded that NGOs are playing active role in development
activities in the fields of education, health and sanitation, women and children to improve the
quality of life.
Pradeep Kumar (2005) noticed that there is an urgent need that Government Organizations and
NGOs act in collaboration for rural development.
F.A Kuponiyi and A. A. Ladele (2007) explored that NGOs are very reliable in effective
adaptation and transfer of technology to farmers, delivery of agricultural support services and
effective vehicles for alleviating rural poverty. He concluded that the NGOs need more donor
assistance to enable them expand the scope of their operations.
Nair (2011) highlights the potential for collaboration when NGOs remain in predefined roles
of service provision, but the generation of conflict when NGOs step outside these to question
government policies. While collaboration and strong linkages with national governments
assists programme sustainability (Barr et al 2005; Rosenberg et al 2008), where interests of the
state and NGOs increasingly coincide, this runs the risk of pushing out the interests of those
they are both responsible to, the poor (White 1999).
CHAPTER 3
SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
CHAPTER 4
MODULE DESCRIPTION
4.1 Module1
Login :
This module deals storing the details of login of admin and customer such as username
and password.
4.2 Module2
Generate id for ngo
This module deals with generating ngo id for customer who comes to surf the data,
Using which the customers data can be viewed and edited.
4.3 Module3
Add new ngo details
This module allows the admin to add new ngo details by giving all the concerned details
like name , date of birth, phone number and address.
4.4 Module4
Delete ngo details
This module allows the admin to delete ngo details by giving all the concerned details
like name , date of birth, phone number and address.
4.5 Module5
Update ngo
This module deals with updating the card by adding the extra amount or adding the
time .
4.6 Module6
ngo
This module deals with updating the card by adding the extra amount or adding the
time .
CHAPTER 5
SYSTEM DESIGN
5.1 DFD Diagrams
Record
Management
Time Management
Table 1: Users
CHAPTER 6
Department of MCA, NHCE 2018-2019 13
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SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<windows.h>
int i,j;
int main_exit;
void menu();
struct date{
int month,day,year;
};
struct {
char name[60];
int acc_no,age;
char address[60];
char citizenship[15];
double phone;
char acc_type[10];
float amt;
struct date dob;
struct date deposit;
struct date withdraw;
}add,upd,check,rem,transaction;
}
void fordelay(int j)
{ int i,k;
for(i=0;i<j;i++)
k=i;
}
void new_acc()
{
int choice;
FILE *ptr;
ptr=fopen("record.dat","a+");
account_no:
system("cls");
printf("\t\t\t\xB2\xB2\xB2\ ADD RECORD \xB2\xB2\xB2\xB2");
printf("\n\n\nEnter today's date(mm/dd/yyyy):");
scanf("%d/%d/%d",&add.deposit.month,&add.deposit.day,&add.deposit.
year);
}
}
add.acc_no=check.acc_no;
printf("\nEnter the name:");
scanf("%s",add.name);
printf("\nEnter the date of birth(mm/dd/yyyy):");
scanf("%d/%d/%d",&add.dob.month,&add.dob.day,&add.dob.year);
printf("\nEnter the age:");
scanf("%d",&add.age);
printf("\nEnter the address:");
scanf("%s",add.address);
printf("\nEnter the NGO Reg No:");
scanf("%s",add.citizenship);
printf("\nEnter the phone number: ");
scanf("%lf",&add.phone);
fclose(ptr);
printf("\nAccount created successfully!");
add_invalid:
printf("\n\n\n\t\tEnter 1 to go to the main menu and 0 to exit:");
scanf("%d",&main_exit);
system("cls");
if (main_exit==1)
menu();
else if(main_exit==0)
close();
else
{
printf("\nInvalid!\a");
goto add_invalid;
}
fclose(view);
if (test==0)
{ system("cls");
printf("\nNO RECORDS!!\n");}
view_list_invalid:
printf("\n\nEnter 1 to go to the main menu and 0 to exit:");
scanf("%d",&main_exit);
printf("\nEnter the account no. of the customer whose info you want to
change:");
}
Login data
Login page
For transactions
CHAPTER 7
SYSTEM TESTING
We can find error by testing. If we want to make our software error free then testing is
very essential step. Until we test our software by different test processes, we cannot say the
software is right or wrong.
White-box Testing-
Black-box testing-
Unit Testing-
This is primitive level of testing. Here every part of program will be tested independently.
Integration Testing-
After integrating all modules if any error occurred or not that will be tested.
System Testing-
Stress Testing- It will be check how much abnormal quantity; frequency or volume software
can handle.
Performance testing-
Since we accept that our work may have botches, subsequently we as a whole need to
check our own work. Anyway a few missteps originate from terrible presumptions and
vulnerable sides, so we may commit similar errors when we check our very own work as we
made when we did it. So we may not see the imperfections in what we have done.
In a perfect world, we ought to get another person to check our work in light of the fact
that someone else is bound to detect the defects.
There are a few reasons which unmistakably explains to us as why Software Testing is
significant and what are the real things that we ought to consider while testing of any item or
application.
Department of MCA, NHCE 2018-2019 24
NON GOVERNMENT ORGANISATION 1N18MCA27
Programming testing is truly required to call attention to the deformities and mistakes
that were made amid the advancement stages.
Model: Programmers may commit an error amid the usage of the product. There could
be numerous explanations behind this like absence of experience of the software engineer,
absence of information of the programming language, inadequate involvement in the space,
wrong usage of the calculation because of complex rationale or just human blunder.
It's basic since it ensures that the client finds the association solid and their fulfillment
in the application is kept up.
On the off chance that the client does not discover the testing association solid or isn't
happy with the nature of the deliverable, at that point they may change to a contender
association.
It is essential to guarantee the Quality of the item. Quality item conveyed to the clients
helps in picking up their certainty. (Find out about Software Quality)
As clarified in the past point, conveying great quality item on time manufactures the
clients trust in the group and the association.
Testing is essential so as to give the offices to the clients like the conveyance of
excellent item or programming application which requires lower upkeep cost and consequently
results into progressively exact, predictable and dependable outcomes.
Brilliant item ordinarily has less deformities and requires lesser upkeep exertion, which
thusly implies diminished expenses. Testing is required for a successful execution of
programming application or item.
It's critical to guarantee that the application ought not result into any disappointments
since it tends to be over the top expensive later on or in the later phases of the improvement.
Legitimate testing guarantees that bugs and issues are identified from the get-go in the
In the event that deserts identified with necessities or configuration are distinguished
late in the life cycle, it tends to be over the top expensive to fix them since this may require
update, re-execution and retesting of the application. It's required to remain in the business.
Clients are not slanted to utilize programming that has bugs. They may not receive a
product on the off chance that they are not content with the solidness of the application.
If there should be an occurrence of an item association or startup which has just a single
item, low quality of programming may result in absence of reception of the item and this may
result in misfortunes which the business may not recoup from.
7. Test cases
7.1 Test Cases
Page RegisterForm
CHAPTER 8
8.1Conclusion
8.2 Limitations
During the development of the project there were certain obstacles which we faced.
A large number of NGOs are now involved in microfinance and more are making the move
towards it; some even converting their finance operations to banks. This project examines
some of the motivations for this change and raises questions about the trade offs involved. And
also suggests that when credit systems air to be financially sustainable there is a strong bias to
engage in credit only.
Credit‐only approaches which adhere to sustainability criteria often miss the very poor. And
as for those who are reached by micro loans, without other inputs than credit, many of these
borrowers have difficulty making productive use of the loans; the result of lack of absorptive
capacity, lack of confidence, lack of knowledge. NGOs who shift into sustainable credit
programs may be losing their real competitive advantage in the world of development—their
capacity to reach the very poorest and engage in a variety of activities that help people change,
but which cannot necessarily be financially supported by the recipient of the assistance.
CHAPTER 9
REFERENCES
9.1Text Reference
[1] “Herbert Schildt: C++ the complete Referance, 4th edition, Tata McGraw Hill,
2007
[2] William Stalling, “Operating System – Internal and Design principle” Pearson
6th edition 2012
[3] “Programming in Ansi C” E Balagurusamy
9.2Web Reference
[1] https://www.wikipedia.org/
[2] https://www.tutorialspoint.com/cprogramming/index.htm