Saint Ferdinand College

College of Criminology
City of Ilagan, Isabela

EXPANDED TERTIARY EDUCATION EQUIVALENCY AND ACCREDITATION PROGRAM (ETEEAP)

MODULE ACTIVITY IN DACTYLOSCOPY, POLICE PHOTOGRAPHY, FORENSIC BALLISTICS, QUESTIONED DOCUMENT,

POLYGRAPHY, LEGAL MEDICINE AND FORENSIC CHEMISTRY AND TOXICOLOGY
(CRIMINALISTICS)

Presented in these document are outline of Forensic Science or Criminalistics activities. The outline of course topic references are provided in the learning
modules in the “Compilation Two: A Compiled Materials in … Criminalistics” as the main reference in answering practical or situational scenarios provided in
these learning module activities.

Competencies in Forensic Science or Criminalistics: The ETEEAP Beneficiary shall be able to:
1. Explain/analyze the different ordinary and scientific methods of personal identification in relation to crime detection and investigation
2. Describe the recognition, development, and lifting and preservation of latent prints and fingerprint impressions
3. Apply the systematic procedures in crime scene photography and demonstrate the basic process of developing, printing, and enlarging to films for court presentation
4. Explain the importance of forensic ballistic in crime investigation
5. Familiarize/apply the scientific procedures involved in the processing of forensic ballistics evidence
6. Know/discuss the relevance and role of questioned document examiners in crime detection
7. Know the basic role of polygraphy in crime detection and investigation
8. Apply the legal implication and limitation of polygraphy in criminal investigation and other aspects of law enforcement
9. Know/discuss the basic principles in the application of medical science in crime detection and investigation
10. Explain/apply the different aspect/methods of examination with regard to death, injuries, abortion, poisoning, etc. whether for deception detection or not
11. Analyze the legal aspect of violent death, physical injuries, gunshot wounds, etc.
12. Know/familiarize with the procedures in the documentation of medico-legal cases
 MODULE ACTIVITY IN DACTYLOSCOPY, POLICE PHOTOGRAPHY, FORENSIC BALLISTICS, QUESTIONED DOCUMENT,
POLYGRAPHY, LEGAL MEDICINE AND FORENSIC CHEMISTRY AND TOXICOLOGY
(CRIMINALISTICS)

MODULE ACTIVITIES

OBJECTIVE:

This module aims to inculcate the importance of Forensic Science or Criminalistcis in Scientific Criminal Investigation.

PROCEDURE:

1. Read and analyze the facts of the situation below.

Situation:

On June 30, 2013 at about 6:00 AM and in a remote Barangay, a decent looking man was found dead with multiple wounds. Approximately 3 meters
away from the body are drop of dried stains and shoe impressions. Wallet with twenty pieces of one thousand peso bill without any identification card and
whatsoever was recovered. There are documents of unreadable writings scattered in the area. Two wine bottles of unfamiliar contents were found. Three
firearms with different caliber were also recovered aside from 1 ice pick and 1 kitchen knife. Except for the disarranged two chairs and one table, all fixtures are
in their proper places.

Investigators identified four individuals believed to have information about the incident. However, one of them denied involvement but the other three
claimed responsibility but they cannot explain how it happened as none of them could give exact and same recount or narration on the incident
 2. Answer the succeeding questions below

I. PRELIMINARY MATTERS
A. Collection of Evidentiary Matters
1. Based on the facts of the above case situation, list down as many items that could be of help in knowing what really happened

ITEMS ITEMS ITEMS ITEMS

B. Forensic Science or Criminalistics: Its Function as an Aid to Criminal Investigation

1. How can the following field of Forensic Science or Criminalistcis assist in solving Criminal cases? Write your answer to the given question in the space
provided

For example:

FIELD FORENSIC SCIENCE OR SPECIFIC CRIMINAL CASE WHERE HOW FORENSIC SCIENCE ASSIST IN
CRIMINALISTICS FORENSIC SCIENCE CAN BE APPLIED SOLVING CRIMINAL CASES
1. Questioned Document Death threat note or any crime involving the use Examine the writing characteristics in the
of writing or document document to identify the possible author
 Start answering here:

FIELD FORENSIC SCIENCE OR SPECIFIC CRIMINAL CASE WHERE HOW FORENSIC SCIENCE ASSIST IN
CRIMINALISTICS FORENSIC SCIENCE CAN BE APPLIED SOLVING CRIMINAL CASES
1. Dactyloscopy
2. Police Photography
3. Forensic Ballistics
4. Questioned Document
5. Polygraphy
6. Legal Medicine
7. Forensic Chemistry or Toxicology

2. Of the items listed, state what area of Forensic Science or Criminalistics (i.e. Dactyloscopy) would you involve in each of the identified items and how it
could help to enlighten what happened? Write your answer in each of the blank column

For example:

AREA IN CRIMINALISTICS SPECIFIC ITEMS PURPOSE

Legal Medicine Dead man To determine the cause of death

Note: Start answering here

AREA IN CRIMINALISTICS SPECIFIC ITEMS PURPOSE

3. Based on the above listed items, write your answer to the given question inn the provided space.

For example:

In Legal Medicine
What item/s If the item/s is/are for examination, what Who will examine the Why there is a need to examine the item/s?
is/are collected? are the matters to consider in order to item/s?
preserve the traces of evidence?
Dead body The body should not be cremated or Medico Legal To determine the circumstances behind, whether the
embalmed until autopsy is conducted Officer/Medical death is accidental or intentional and the possible cause
Officer/Physician of death

Note: Start answering here

1. In Dactyloscopy
What item/s What is the proper method in collecting How will you protect the Why do you have to apply the aforementioned
is/are collected? those items? item/s? method of collection and what is the reason of
protecting the item/s

2. In Police Photography
What item/s is What are the preliminary matters to In the given scenario, How do you photograph each of the other items?
are consider before taking photographs? how will you photograph
photographed? the scene?

3. In Forensic Ballistics
What item/s What is the proper method in collecting How will you protect the Why do you have to apply the aforementioned
is/are collected? those items? item/s? method of collection and what is the reason of
protecting the item/s
4. In Questioned Document
What item/s What is the How will you protect the Why do you have to If the item/s is/are submitted for laboratory
is/are proper method item/s? apply the aforementioned examination, what can be determined?
collected? in collecting method of collection and
those items? what is the reason of
protecting the item/s

5. In Polygraphy
What can the Before the conduct of the test, what What is the rule on What can be detected during the test
field of should be secured 1st? admissibility of the test
polygraphy do to and why recommend for
enlighten you the test
about the
incident

6. In Legal Medicine
What item/s Before the conduct of the test, what Who will examine the Why there is a need to examine the item/s?
is/are collected? should be secured 1st? item/s?

7. In Forensic Chemistry and Toxicology

What item/s is/are collected? Who will examine the item/s? Why there is a need to examine the item/s?
II. IDENTIFICATION, DETERMINATION OF CAUSE OF DEATH AND FORMULATION OF HYPOTHESIS OR THEORY
A. Identification and Determination of Cause of Death

1. Is it possible to identify the dead man? If your answer is in the negative discuss your answer (use extra sheet if
necessary)_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________

If your answer in question no. 1 is in the affirmative, list down as many items that can be used in identifying the dead man

ITEMS USE TO IDENTIFY ITEMS USE TO IDENTIFY ITEMS USE TO IDENTIFY THE ITEMS USE TO IDENTIFY
THE DEAD MAN THE DEAD MAN DEAD MAN THE DEAD MAN

2. Is it possible to identify if the cause of death is natural, suicidal, accidental or homicidal? If your answer is in the negative discuss your answer (use extra
sheet if necessary)___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
If your answer in question no. 2 is in the affirmative, check and give reason why it is possible or why it is not possible that the cause of death is natural,
accidental, suicidal or homicidal:

For example:

Cause of Death Check if Reason/s

Possible Not Possible
Intentional / The circumstances surrounding the environment at the time when the dead man was found
indicates that there was struggle
 Start answering here:

Cause of Death Check if Reason/s

Possible Not Possible
Natural
Accidental
Suicidal
Homicidal

3. Is it possible to identify the people behind the incident without the other four persons previously identified? If your answer is in the negative discuss your
answer (use extra sheet if necessary) ____________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
If your answer in question no. 3 is in the affirmative, check what items below and how it can possibly be used in identifying the people behind the
incident:

For example:

ITEM/S Please Check How could the item/s be possibly used in identifying the people behind the incident?
Dried stains / If it is human, blood type is determined it can be use as a guide in determining the owner of the blood

Start answering here:

ITEM/S Please Check How could the item/s be possibly used in identifying the people behind the incident?
1. Dead man
2. Wounds
3. Drop of dried stains
4. Shoe impressions
5. Wallet
6. Bottles of wine
7. Unfamiliar contents in wine bottle
 8. Documents of unreadable writings
9. 20 pieces of one thousand peso bill
10. Firearms of different caliber
11. Ice pick
12. Kitchen knife
13. Chairs
14. Table
15. Four identified individuals
16. Others (Please specify)

B. Hypotheses (Assumptions) or Theories

1. Based on the facts of the given case scenario, listed below are some of the formulated hypotheses (assumptions). As to the possible cause of death,
identify which of the formulated hypotheses (assumptions) could be due to natural, accidental, suicidal or homicidal by writing your answer opposite
each hypothesis (assumptions)

Hypothesis (Assumption) Cause of Death

1. Before the killing, there could have been a celebration, for unknown reason altercation ensued and somebody caused the
wound
2. The scene of the incident could have already been tampered by the one who caused the wound to make it appear that there
was a. This is to confuse the authorities
3. The dead man could have been killed somewhere else other than the place where he was found
4. The killing could have been committed by number of persons
5. There could have been struggle among and between the dead man and the perpetrators prior to the incident
6. The dead man could have been suffering from terminal illness to which he opt to kill himself
7. The dead man could have a serious problem and had a drinking spree to which he might have challenged everyone thus
fighting ensued
8. The wounds could have been unintentionally inflicted by someone
9. The wounds could have been inflicted when the man was already dead for purposes of insurance claim
10. The dead man could have been kidnapped and when the demand was not given, the wounds were inflicted
 Note: You can give other hypothesis (assumption) other than what is already given

Hypothesis (Assumption) Cause of Death

2. Of the given hypotheses (assumptions) or based from the hypothesis (assumption) which you have formulated, select one or more of these hypotheses
(assumptions) and list down as many items presented in the given case scenario that can later substantiate your theory of the case

For example:

Selected Hypothesis (Assumption) Items that can substantiate the theory of the case
Before the killing, there could have been a celebration, for unknown 1. Two wine bottles
reason altercation ensued and somebody caused the wound 2. The dead man was well dressed

Start answering here:

Selected Hypothesis (Assumption) Items that can substantiate the theory of the case