Westmead International School

College of Engineering

CHAPTER I

Project Location and Design Building Orientation

1.1 Site Map and Vicinity Map

The analysis and design of air conditioning system shall be based on the following
architectural plan. The study considers a commercial building specifically a shopping mall
which is located at Jose A. Yulo Blvd. Brgy. Pittland. Cabuyao, Laguna, Philippines.

Figure 1.1 Site Map of Design Building

Design Study of Air Conditioning System of a Three Storey Commercial Building

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 Westmead International School
College of Engineering

Figure 1.2 Vicinity Map of Design Building

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 Westmead International School
College of Engineering

1.2 Climatic Condition of the Locality as to where the Building is Constructed

In choosing the HVAC outdoor design conditions, it is neither economical nor

practical to design equipment either for the annual hottest temperature or annual
minimum temperature, since the peak or the lowest temperatures may occur only for a
few hours over the span of several years. According to Climate-Data.Org, May is the
warmest month in Cabuyao City, Laguna. Therefore, the following climatic condition is
obtained from the month of May.

1.2.1 Latitude on the Earth Surface

Latitude lines are a numerical way to measure how far north or south of the
equator a place is located. In our selected location of commercial building, the indicated
latitude are as follows: (see Figure 1.3)

North: 14°13’49.38” N

1.2.2 Longitude on the Earth Surface

Longitude lines are a numerical way to show/measure how far a location is east or
west of a universal vertical line called the Prime Meridian. As the vertical starting point
for longitude, the Prime Meridian is numbered 0 degrees’ longitude. The indicated
longitude are as follows: (see Figure 1.3)

East: 121°5’40.26” E

Design Study of Air Conditioning System of a Three Storey Commercial Building

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 Westmead International School
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Figure 1.3 Latitude and longitude of the design location

1.2.3 Elevation of the Site from the Sea Level

The corresponding elevation of the location are 74 meters (minimum) and 78

meters (maximum:). This means that the effect of the elevation in the atmospheric
pressure can be desregard due to the small diffrence of elevation. (see Figure 1.4)

Figure 1.4 Elevation the design location

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 Westmead International School
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1.2.4 Maximum Dry Bulb Temperature

Dry Bulb is the temperature of air indicated by a regular thermometer. According

to World Weather Online the maximum temperature occur in month of May which is
36℃ (𝑀𝑎𝑦 2015). Therefore, the study considers the dry bulb temperature of 𝑻𝑫𝑩 =
𝟑𝟔℃. (see Figure 1.5)

(https://www.worldweatheronline.com/cabuyao-weather-averages/laguna/ph.aspx)

Figure 1.5 Dry Bulb Temperature in Cabuyao City, Laguna

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 Westmead International School
College of Engineering

1.2.5 Wet Bulb Temperature

It is the temperature measured by a thermometer that has a bulb wrapped in wet

cloth. Based on Guidelines on Energy Conserving Design of Buildings (DOE, 2008) the
outdoor design wet bulb temperature is 𝑻𝑾𝑩 = 𝟐𝟕℃.

1.2.6 Relative Humidity

It describes how far the air is from saturation. It is a useful term for expressing the
amount of water vapor when discussing the amount and rate of evaporation. One way to
approach saturation, a relative humidity of 100%, is to cool the air. It is therefore useful
to know how much the air needs to be cooled to reach saturation. Using 𝑻𝑫𝑩 = 𝟑𝟔℃ and
𝑻𝑾𝑩 = 𝟐𝟕℃, the Relative Humidity is 𝑹𝑯 = 𝟓𝟎%. (see Figure 1.6)

1.2.7 Daily Range in the Locality

The daily (or diurnal) temperature range (DTR) for a month is defined as the long-
term mean of the daily difference between the maximum and minimum surface-air
temperature for that month. From Figure 1.5 the maximum temperature of the locality is
𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 36℃ and the minimum temperature is 𝑇𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 31℃ therefore:

𝑀𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 𝐷𝑎𝑖𝑙𝑦 𝑅𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 = (𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑥 − 𝑇𝑚𝑖𝑛 ) = (36℃ − 31℃)

𝑴𝒂𝒙𝒊𝒎𝒖𝒎 𝑫𝒂𝒊𝒍𝒚 𝑹𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆 = 𝟓℃

1.2.8 Solar Haze Factor

The study considers the solar haze factor as 0.

Design Study of Air Conditioning System of a Three Storey Commercial Building

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College of Engineering

Figure 1.6 Relative Humidity using Psychometric Chart

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 Westmead International School
College of Engineering

1.2.9 Wind Velocity

The wind velocity is necessary for the computation of the infiltration load.
According to World Weather Online the average wind speed for the month of May 2017
is 𝟒. 𝟗 𝒎𝒑𝒉 𝒐𝒓 𝟐. 𝟏𝟗𝟎𝟓 𝒎/𝒔. (see Figure 1.7)

(https://www.worldweatheronline.com/cabuyao-weather-averages/laguna/ph.aspx)

Figure 1.7 Wind Velocity in Cabuyao City, Laguna

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 Westmead International School
College of Engineering

1.3 Indoor Design Condition

The indoor design conditions are directly related to human comfort. To select
indoor design condition of a given space shall be based on the comfort air-conditioning,
whereby the occupant is the primary concern. According to Guidelines on Energy
Conserving Design of Buildings (2008), the indoor conditions in an air-conditioned space
shall conform to the following:

• Design Dry Bulb Temperature 25ºC

• Design Relative Humidity 55%
• Maximum Dry Bulb Temperature 27ºC
• Minimum Dry Bulb Temperature 23ºC
• Maximum Relative Humidity 60%
• Minimum Relative Humidity 50%

The study considers the Design Dry Bulb Temperature of 𝟐𝟓℃ and Design
Relative Humidity of 𝟓𝟓% for the inside temperature of the rooms and the hallway’s
Design Dry Bulb Temperature and Relative Humidity are 𝟐𝟕℃ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝟔𝟎% respectively.

1.4 Building Orientation Base on Site Plan

Architectural plan of the building structure shows building orientation normally

draft with in a vicinity map. This plan usually indicates the due north, to be oriented with
boundaries and sides of the building. This architectural plan with proper orientation help
to identify the duration of exposure to the sun of the building boundaries during daytime
as implied by the climatic condition.

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College of Engineering

Figure 1.8 Floor Plan of First Floor with Orientation

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 Westmead International School
College of Engineering

Figure 1.9 Floor Plan of Second Floor with Orientation

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 Westmead International School
College of Engineering

Figure 1.10 Floor Plan of Third Floor with Orientation

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