Scribes of divine revelations:

 Quran is a record of divine revelations received by Holy prophet[pbuh]

through angel jibrail as a direct message from Allah
 Revelations were written by his companions on piece of leather, stones,
tablets, palm leaves etc or were memorized
 In Islam their role is: “(written) by hands of scribes-honourable, pious and
just.”
 40 scribes including four rightly guided caliphs
Abdullah bin Masood:
o One of the most favorite companion of Prophet Pbuh.
o Known as sahabi bin shabiya his brother and mother belonged from
earlier companions of Holy Prophet pbuh
o First convert who faced torture of Quraysh with patience
o First one to recite Quran openly in Makkah
o After he embraced Islam, he left all his business and was always
remain present in services of prophet pbuh
o Migrated twice to Abyssinia and later to Madinah
o participated in battle of badr in which he killed Abu jahl and in battle
of Uhad
o he learnt Quran very well because of his close association with
Prophet pbuh
o Prophet pbuh said, “ if anyone wants to read Quran freshly as it was
descended then he must read it on the reading of Abdullah bin
Masood”
o 2nd sent him to kufa as an administrator
o Narrated some 800 traditions
Zaid bin Sabit:
o belonged from khazraj tribe
o did not fight in battle of badr as he was 13
o fought in battle of trench and tabuk expedition
o learnt many languages and Holy Prophet pbuh encouraged him to
learn Hebrew so that he could correspond to Jews
o very intelligent and had good memory like after the migration to
Madinah, prophet pbuh told him to write all revelations received by
him which he did
o he had memorized Quran during the life of prophet pbuh
o 1st chose him for compilation for Quran which he did later as battle
of yammama happened in which many scribes died
o 2nd when did hajj or ummrah he was appointed qazi of Madinah
o In 3rd rule he did recompilation for Quran in only Qureshi dialect
Ameer Muawiya:
o He was son of Abu sufyan
o Embraced Islam after conquest of Makkah along with his family
o 2nd appointed him governor of Syria and was continue in 3rd rule
o Hazrat Ali wanted to remove muawiya from governorship of Syria as
muawiya has made 500 ships against Greeks in Mediterranean sea
o Battle of siffin was fought when Hazrat Ali died his son imam Hassan
was failing his duty
o So Ameer muawiya became khalifa
o During his rule north Africa was conquered
o He died when he was 75 and gave succession to his son, yazid
Ubbay bin Ka’ab:
o Main scribe in Madinah
o Served as a scribe to prophet pbuh and wrote letters for him
o The last verse in 10 AD is said to be written down by him
o At the time of death of prophet pbuh, he knew Holy Quran by heart
o His recitation was so beautiful and his understanding so profound
that Prophet pbuh encouraged his companions to learn Quran from
him
o He was often found in meditation and in mosque all the time
o He was also the member of community to whom 1st referred many
issues
o During the rule of 3rd, he died in 29 AH
Khalid bin Walid:
o Belonged to Qureshi tribe
o Accepted Islam after treaty of Hudaibiya
o He was very brave and courageous warrior. For this, Holy prophet
pbuh gave him title’ SaifAllah- sword of Allah
o In battle of Uhad, he changed Muslims victory into almost defeat
when he attacked Muslims from behind
o During the battle of Muttah, three commanders were martyred.
Allah gave victory by hands of Khalid bin Walid. He fought so bravely
that 9 swords were broken at his hands
o He was also the chief of one of four squadrons in conquest of
Makkah
o 1st And 2nd made him commander of their army in the war against
romans and Persians
o He died in 21 AH