General Organic Chemistry

Class – 11 & 12 & droppers

NEET-AIIMS
JEE-Mains/Advance

Vishal Tiwari
Expert Faculty Kota
Topics which will be covered
1. Hyper Conjugation
2. No Bond Resonance
3. Baker Nathan Effect
4. Sigma P orbital Reso....
Questions
 Hyper Conjugation
• Stability of carbocation
• Stability of Free Radical
• Stability of Alkenes
Before we proceed further we should have knowledge
about a carbon and a hydrogen.
 a-Carbon
1. System se directly juda carbon is called a-Carbon.
2. a-Carbon must be Sp3 Hybridized.
System means Carbocation / Free Radical / Alkenes.

CH3–CH2 CH 3 – C H 2 CH3–CH=CH2
 Super Example
Que. Find no. of a-H present in molecule.
H CH3 CH3 CH3
C=C C=C
H CH3 CH3
CH3

CH
H
C

 Bato hi Bato mein
• a carbon is that carbon which is directly attached to system.
• a carbon must be Sp3.

Let’s study now Hyper Conjugation

 Hyper Conjugation
Hyper conjugation occurs in
(1) Carbocation CH3–CH2

(2) Free Radical CH 3 – C H 2
(3) Alkene CH3–CH=CH2
Condition of Hyper Conjugation
Carbocation ,free radical, alkenes must have alpha Hydrogen.
 Hyper conjugation in carbocation
 H
CH 3 – C H 2 H—C—CH2


H
 H
H H
  
H—C=CH2  C=CH2 H—C=CH2
H
H H 
H

No Bond Resonance
 Bato hi Bato Mein

• Num of Hyper conjugating structures = No. of a H

 IIT-1996
Que : Draw all the No Bond resonating structures possible.
Que : How many Hyper Conjugating structures are possible.
CH3 CH3
|  |
CH3–C–CH–CH–CH3 2 a Hydrogen
|
H
 ( IIT JEE– 2011 )
Que. Find no. of contributing structures.

H3C–C–CH2–CH3
aHydrogen  6
 Super Example
Que : Check stability order :

  CH3  CH3 
CH3 CH3–CH2 CH CH3 C
CH3 CH3
 Hyper conjugation in Free Radical
 H H•
CH 3 – C H 2 H
•
C–CH2 H C=CH2
H H
H
H• C=CH2
H
H
H C=CH2
H•
 Bato hi Bato mein
more num of a Hydrogen in carbocation
more num of a Hydrogen in Free-Radical

more num of No Bond Resonating Structures.

more stable
 Hyper conjugation in Alkene
H
CH3–CH=CH2
H C—CH== CH2
H
+
H H
Θ Θ H
H C== CH—CH2 + Θ
H C== CH—CH2 H C== CH—CH2
H H +
H

3 a Hydrogen = 3 No Bond Resonating structures

 Super Example
Que: Which is more stable:
H CH3 CH3 CH3 H CH3
C=C C=C C=C
H CH3 H H CH3 H
(a) (b) (c)
• If no. of aH is same : -
that structure is more stable, in which max a-H occurs on
single carbon. (a)  6 aH on single carbon
(b)  3 aH + 3 aH
Trans > cis
(c)  3 aH + 3 aH
 Super Example
Que : Which will show more Hyper conjugation:
CH3+ CD3+
CH3CH2 + CD3CH2+
 Super Example
Que : Which will show more Hyper conjugation:
 Super Example
Que : Which will show more Hyper conjugation:
 Bato hi Bato me
Hyper conjugation generates H3C—CH3=CH2
• Double bond character in single bond. 
H
• Single bond character in double bond. H C=CH2–CH
Θ
2
H

Hyper conjugation dominates INDUCTIVE effect.

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