Assignment-1

Modelling & Simulation

Dr. Sohom Chakrabarty

1. Represent the following transfer functions into State Space in (a) Control-
lable canonical form (b) Observable canonical form (c) Diagonal Canon-
ical form
s+2
(a) G(s) = s2 −5s2 −2s+24
.
−s2 −3s+10
(b) G(s) = s3 −7s2 +15s−9
.
2
−5s +5s+10
(c) G(s) = s4 +6s3 +10s2 −2s−15
−s2 +3s+10
(d) G(s) = s4 −10s3 +37s2 −60s+36

2. Check the open/closeness of the following state transition matrix φ(t).

 
1 t2 t4
(a) φ(t) = 0 et e−t 
0 0 0
3. Find a fundamental system of solutions of each of the following sets of
equations.
(a) ẋ1 = −x1 + 8x2
ẋ2 = x1 + x2
(a) ẋ1 = x1 + 2x2 − x3
ẋ2 = −x1 + x2 + x3
ẋ3 = x1 − x3
(a) ẋ1 = x2
ẋ2 = x3
ẋ3 = −x1 − 5x2 − 6x3
4. Find (SI − A)−1 by using Leveris algorithm for the matrix A and also
the corresponding transfer function for the given system matrix, input
matrix, output distribution matrix and direct transmission matrix.
   
0 1 2  
(a) A = ,B= , C = 0.5 0.5 , D = 0
−2 −3 0
   
3 2 1.5 1  
(b) A = 2 0 0 , B = 0, C = 0 −0.5 −0.25 , D = 0
0 2 3 0

1
    
1 0 −2 2  
(c) A = 1
 0 0 , B = 0, C = 0.5 1.5 1 , D = 0
 
0 1 0 0
   
0 1 0 0  
(d) A = 0
 2 0 , B = 0, C = 1 1 1 , D = 1
 
0 0 −3 1
5. Find the solution of the state space for the system description given in
question number (4) considering a unit step input and for the initial
condition of states given below.
 
1
(a) x(0) =
0
 
0
(b) x(0) = −1

1
 
2
(c) x0 = 1

0
 
−1
(d) x0 = 2 

1
6. Find the solution for the following of time varying systems considering a
unit step input
     
3 −1 2   1
(a) A = ,B= , C = 1 0 , D = 0, x0 =
4 −1 t 0
...
(b) y − 3ẏ + 2y = 9et , ÿ(0) = 0 and ẏ(0) = −1.
   
sin(t) cos(t) β 0  
(c) A =  0 sin(t) cos(t), B = 0, C = 0 1 1 , D = 0,
0 0 sin(t) 1
   
0 pi/2
x0 = −1, x0 =  0 
1 0
 
   t 0
−3 2 e  
(d) A = ,B= , C = 0 1 , D = 0, x0 = 0
−2 t 1
1
7. Find the state space of the following systems

2
 1+2z −1 +3z −2
(a) H(z) = 1+ 12 z −1 + 31 z −2
z −1 +3z −2 +2z −3
(b) H(z) = 1+ 32 z −1 + 23 z −2 + 12 z −3
1−0.5z −2
(c) H(z) = 1+2z −1 −z −2
z(1.3z+0.55)
(d) H(z) = (z−1)(z 2 +0.6z+0.25)
(e) c(z) = −2c(k − 1) + c(k − 2) + r(k) − 0.4r(k − 2)
(f) c(z) = −0.1c(k − 1) + 0.16c(k − 2) − 0.2c(k − 3) + r(k − 1) + 1.5r(k −
2) + 0.5r(k − 3)
8. Find the the output.
0.009365z+0.008762
(a) H(z) = ,
find the y(0.2) where T = 0.1.
(z−1)(z−0.81873)
   
−0.7 1 1
(b) x(k + 1) = x(k) + u, find x(3) where T = 1.
−0.012 0 0
   
0.2 −.1 0
(c) x(k + 1) = x(k) + u(k)
−0.1 0.2 1
 
c(k) = 1 −1 x(k) + 0.5u(k)˙
Determine c(2) where T = 1.
9. Verify all the questions given in (8) with the help of state transition matrix
(GN ).