You are on page 1of 7

Visit www.ncerthelp.

com For All NCERT solutions,


CBSE sample papers, Question papers, Notes for Class 6 to 12

vkn'kZ iz'u i=
fganh&dsafnzd
d{kk&X;kjgoha
le;% 3 ?kaVs iw.kkZad& 90

funsZ'k% bl iz'u i= ds rhu [k.M gSa& ^d*]^[k*]^x*A lHkh iz'uksa dks Øzekuqlkj dhft,A

[kaM ^d*
iz-1 fuEufyf[kr xn~;ka'k dks /;kuiwoZd i<+dj iwNs x, iz'uksa ds mRrj nhft,&
xk¡a/kh th vkSj Hkxr flag yksd thou dh dqath fdl rRo
dks ekurs Fks bldk lek/kku djus dh fLFkfr ;gk¡ ugh gSA ;gk¡ rks bl lac/k esa
eSa bruk gh dg ldrk gw¡ fd Hkxr flag yksd&ekul esa vius vuwdqy okrkoj.k
dks vius Á;klks ls fuekZ.k djus esa n{k Fks vkSj xka/kh th lkekftd ifjfLFkfr;ksa
ls Loa; mRiUu okrkoj.k dks vius vuqdqy djus esa cstksM+ FksA yksd ekul ds eu
esa Hkko gksrs gaS] ij Hkk"kk ugha gksrhA tks O;fDr Hkko dks Hkk"kk nsrk gS] yksd thou
esa mls gh viuk usrk] viuk d.kZ/kkj viuk vkn'kZ ekuus dh LosPNk mRiUUk gks
tkrh gSA ;g esjh dqath dk iwok)Z gSA mÙkjk)Z ;g gS fd yksd ds ekul esa
vkdka{kk gksrh gS]ij ml vkdka{kk dks iw.kZ djus ds Á;Ruksa dh ;kstuk ugh gksrhA
tks mls ;kstuk nsrk gS] ml ;kstuk ij pyus dh Ásj.kk nsrk gS] pykrk gS vkSj
y{; ij igq¡pus ls igys #dus] Fkdus ugh nsrk] og mldk vkjk/; usrk vkSj
vkn'kZ iq:"k gks tkrk gSA blh i`"BHkwfe esa eSa ;g dguk pkgrk gwa¡ fd yksd thou
dk cy vius “kkS;Z] ijkdzze ;k R;kx&cfynku ls ÁnhIr O;fDr;ksa dk vkn'kZ gS]
og thfor :i esa gks] lkfgR;&bfrgkl ds :i esaA cl ,d gh iz'u vkSj yksd

Please Visit www.ncerthelp.com For Video lectures of all subjects Class 9 to 12


Visit www.ncerthelp.com For All NCERT solutions,
CBSE sample papers, Question papers, Notes for Class 6 to 12

dh loksZÙke]loksZPPk vkdka{kk D;k gS\ esjk vuqHko dgrk gS fd yksd dh ewy


thou&o`fÙk gS vkuUnA vkuUn iuirk gS “kkafr esa] vkSj “kkafr dh yrk iqf"ir 2
gksrh gS fLFkjrk esaA rks “kkar thou gh yksd dh loksZÙke&loksZPp vkdka{kk gSaA 2
¼d½ Hkxr flag dh D;k fo'ks"krk Fkh\ 2
¼[k½ egkRek xka/kh fdl esa cstksM+ Fks\ 2
¼x½ Hkxr flag vkSj egkRek xak/kh esa D;k vraj Fkk\ 2
iz-2 ¼?k½ yksd thou fdls viuk vkjk/; usrk vkSj vkn'kZ iq:"k ekurk gS\
¼M+½ mi;qZDr x|ka'k dk “kh"kZd fyf[k,\
fuEufyf[kr dkO;ka'k dks i<+dj iwNs x, iz'uksa ds mRrj nhft,&
eLr ;ksxh gSfd ge lq[k ns[kdj lcdk lq[kh gaS]
dqN vtc eu gS fd ge nq[k ns[kdj lcdk nq[kh gS]
rqe gekjh pksfV;ksa dh cQZ dks ;ksa er dqjsnks]
ngdrk ykok g`n; esa gS fd ge Tokykeq[kh gaS!
ykL; Hkh geus fd, gSa vkSj rkaM+o Hkh fd, gSa]
oa'k ehjk vkSj f'ko ds] fo"k fi;k gS vkSj ft;s gSa]
nw/k ek¡ dk ;k fd panu ;k fd dslj tks le> yks] 1
;g gekjs ns'k dh jt gS] fd ge blds fy, gSa! 1
¼d½ bl dfork esa fdl ns'k ds fuokfl;ks dh ckr dh xbZ gS\ dkj.k nhft,A 1
¼[k½ ykL; vkSj rkaM+o ls vki D;k le>rs gSa\ 1
¼x½ bl dfork esa Hkkjrh;ksa dh fdl fo'ks"krk dks mtkxj fd;k x;k gS\ 1
¼?k½ dfork dk ewy Hkko D;k gS\
iz-3 ¼M-½ dfork ds fy, mfpr “kh"kZd nhft,\ 10
[kaM ^[k*
fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdlh ,d fo"k; ij fuca/k fyf[k,&
¼d½ Hkz"Vkpkj ,d dyad

Please Visit www.ncerthelp.com For Video lectures of all subjects Class 9 to 12


Visit www.ncerthelp.com For All NCERT solutions,
CBSE sample papers, Question papers, Notes for Class 6 to 12

¼[k½ O;k;ke ds ykHk


iz-4 ¼x½ ns'k ds mRFkku esa ;qokvksa dk ;ksxnkuA 5
¼?k½ tula[;k&foLQksV% ,d leL;k
lwpuk vkSj lapkj ds ek/;eks dh c<+rh yksdfÁ;rk ds dkj.k i=&ys[ku ihNs NwV
x;k gSA i= ys[ku ds egRo dks js[kkafdr djrs gq, vius fe= dks i= fyf[k,A
vFkok
iz-5 fdlh nSfud lekpkj i= ds laiknd dks ,d i= fyf[k, ftlesa ^^vijk/kh rRoksa
ds jktuhfr esa vkus ls yksdra= dks [krjk gks x;k gS** dk o.kZu fd;k x;k gksA 1
fuEufyf[kr iz’uksa ds laf{kIr mRrj nhft,& 1
¼d½ Ng ddkjksa ls D;k rkRi;Z gS\ 1
¼[k½ mYVk fijkfeM+ “kSyh ij Ádk'k M+kfy,\ 1
¼x½ va'kdkfyd i=dkj ls vki D;k le>rs gS\ 1
iz-6 ¼?k½ lekpkjksa dks ladfyr djus okys dks D;k dgk tkrk gS\ 5
¼³½ Qhpj ys[ku dh izeq[k fo'ks"krk D;k gS\
iz-7 ^Hkkjr ds cnyrs Lo:Ik ij* ij ,d Qhpj fyf[k,A
[kaM ^x*
fuEufyf[kr es ls fdlh ,d dkO;ka'k dks i<+dj iwNs x, iz’uksa ds mRrj fyf[k,\

ge rkS ,d ,d dfj tkuka


nksbZ dgSa frugha dks nkstx ftu ukfgau ifgpkukaAA
,dS iou ,d gh ikuha ,dS tksfr lekukaAA
,dS [kkd x<+s lc HkkaM+s ,dS dksagjka lkukaAA
tSls ck<+h dk"V gh dkVS vfxfu u dkVS dksbZA
lc ?kfV varfj rw¡gh O;kid /kjS l:iS lksbZAA 2
ek;k nsf[k ds txr yqHkkauka dkgs js uj xjckukaA 2

Please Visit www.ncerthelp.com For Video lectures of all subjects Class 9 to 12


Visit www.ncerthelp.com For All NCERT solutions,
CBSE sample papers, Question papers, Notes for Class 6 to 12

fujHkS Hk;k dNw ufga C;kiS dgS dchj fnokukaAA 2


¼d½ dchj ijekRek ds fdl :i esa vkLFkk j[krs gSa\ 2
¼[k½ ^dchj us fdu yksxksa dks ujd dk vf/kdkjh ekuk gS\
¼x½ dchj us fdl izdkj fl) fd;k gS fd bZ'oj ,d gS\
¼?k½ dchj ds vuqlkj izHkq dks tkuus ds fy, D;k vko';d gS\
vFkok
va/kdkj dh xqgk ljh[kh
mu vk¡[kksa ls Mjrk gS eu
Hkjk nwj rd muesa nk:.k
nSU; nq[k dk uhjo jksnu
og Lok/khu fdlku jgk\
vfHkeku Hkjk vk¡[kksa esa bldk]
NksM+ mls e>/kkj vkt 2
lalkj dxkj ln`'k cg f[kldkA 2
2
¼d½ dfo dks fdldh vk¡[ksa xqgk ljh[kh yxrh gSa vkSj D;ksa\
¼[k½ fdlku dh vk¡[kksa esa D;k&D;k lek;k gqvk gS\ 2
iz-8 ¼x½ ^og Lok/khu fdlku jgk] vfHkeku Hkjk vk¡[kksa esa bldk*&bl dkO;&iafDr esa
fdlku ds
thou dks dSlk crk;k x;k gS\
¼?k½ fdlku ds vrhr vkSj orZeku esa D;k varj vk x;k gS\
fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdlh ,d dkO;k¡'k dks i<+dj iwNs x, iz’uksa ds mRrj nhft,&
ukpus ds fy, [kqyk vkaxu 3
xkus ds fy, xhr 3
g¡lus ds fy, FkksM+h lh f[kyf[kykgV

Please Visit www.ncerthelp.com For Video lectures of all subjects Class 9 to 12


Visit www.ncerthelp.com For All NCERT solutions,
CBSE sample papers, Question papers, Notes for Class 6 to 12

jksus ds fy, eqV~Bh Hkj ,dkar


¼d½ Hkk"kk dh nks fo'ks"krkvksa dk mYys[k dhft,A
¼[k½ ^^eqV~Bh Hkj ,dkar** dk lkSan;Z Li’V dhft,A 3
vFkok 3
iz-9 valqou ty lhafp lhafp Áse&csfy ckS;hA
vc r csfy QSfy x;h] vk.kan&Qy gks;hAA 2
¼d½ dkO;ka'k ds :id dk fufgrkFkZ fyf[k, 2
¼[k½ iafDr;ks esa vk, vyadkj crkb,A 2
iz10 fuEufyf[kr iz’uksa ds laf{kIr mRrj nhft,&
¼d½ dchj dh n`f"V esa bZ’oj ,d gSA blds leFkZu esa mUgksaus D;k rdZ fn, gSa\
¼[k½ dfo fdlku dh vkW[kks ls D;kas M+jrk gS \
¼x½ vkvks feydj cpk,¡ esa dof;=h D;k cpkus dh izsj.kk nsrh gSa\
fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdlh ,d x|ka'k dks i<+dj iwNs x, iz’uksa ds mRrj nhft,&
vkxs Hkh bl ns'k esa tks Á/kku “kkld vk, ]var esa mudks tkuk iM+kA
blls vkidk tkuk Hkh ijaijk dh pky ls dqN vyx ugh gS] rFkkfi “kklu&dky
dk ukVd ?kksj nq[kkar gS ]vkSj vf/kd vk'p;Z dh ckr ;g gS fd n'kZd rks D;k]
Loa; lw=/kkj Hkh ugh tkurk Fkk fd mlus tks [ksy lq[kkar le>dj [ksyuk vkjaHk 2
fd;k Fkk] og nq[kkar gks tkosxkA ftlds vkfn esa lq[k Fkk ]e/; esa lhek ls ckgj 2
lq[k Fkk ]mldk var brus ?kksj nq[k ds lkFk dSls gqvk\ vkg! ?keaMh f[kykM+h 2
le>rk gaS fd nwljks dks viuh yhyk fn[kkrk gwaWA fdarq ijns ds ihNs ,d vkSj gh
yhyke; dh yhyk gks jgh gS] ;g mls [kcj ugahaA
¼d½ dtZu ds “kklu dky dk ukVd nq[kkar D;kas gS\
¼[k½ lw=/kkj fdls dgk x;k gS\ mlds }kjk [ksy [ksyus dk D;k vfHkÁk; gS \
¼x½ *vkSj gh yhyke; dh yhyk* ls ys[kd fdl dh vksj ladsr djuk pkgrk gS\
vFkok

Please Visit www.ncerthelp.com For Video lectures of all subjects Class 9 to 12


Visit www.ncerthelp.com For All NCERT solutions,
CBSE sample papers, Question papers, Notes for Class 6 to 12

;g ikol ;gkW ugh igqWprk gSA dkyhnkl dh c"kkZ dh “kksHkk


foU/;kpy esa gSA fgeakpy dh bu e/; dh ?kkfV;ks esa ugh gSA eSa ugh tkurk fd
bldk ykfYkR; ykgqy&Lihfr ds uj&ukjh le> Hkh ik,axs ;k ughaA o"kkZ muds
laosnu dk vax ugh gSA og ;g tkurs ugh gSa fd *cjlkr esa ufn;kW cgrh gS]
ckny cjlrs] eLr gkFkh fpa?kkM+rs gSa] taxy gjs&Hkjs gks tkrs gS] vius I;kjks ls
fcNqM+h gqbZ fL=;k¡W jksrh&dyirh gS] eksj ukprs gSaS vkSj canj pqi ekjdj fNirs gSaA 2
vxj dkyhnkl ;gkW vkdj dgsa fd* vius cgqr ls lqnaj xq.kks ls lqgkuh yxus 2
okyh] fL=;ksa dk th f[kykus okyh ]isM+ks dh Vgfu;ks vkSj Cksyks dh lPph l[kh 2
rFkk lHkh thoks dk Ák.k cuh gqbZ o"kkZ _rq vkids eu dh lc lk/ksa iwjh djssa* rks
iz011 Lihfr ds uj&ukjh ;gh iwNsaxs fd ;g nsork dkSu gS\ dgkWa jgrk gS\ ;gkWa D;ksa 9
ugh vkrk gzzS\ Lihfr esa dHkh&dHkh ckfj'k gksrh gSA o"kkZ _rq ;gkW eu dh lk/k
iwjk ugh djrhA /kjrh lw[kh] BaMh vkSj oa/;k jgrh gSA
¼d½ bl fuca/k rFkk ys[kd dk uke crkb,
¼[k½ ys[kd dks D;ksa yxrk gS fd ykgqy&Lihfr ds yksx dkfynkl ds Álax dks
ugh le> ik,WaxsA
¼x½ dkfynkl us o"kkZ _rq dk fdl Ádkj xq.kxku fd;k gS \
iz-12 fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdUgha rhu iz’ukssa ds mRrj nhft,& 9
¼d½ *ued dk njksxk* ikB ds vk/kkj ij oa'kh/kj dh fdUgh rhu pkfjf=d
fo'ks"krkvks dks fyf[k, \
¼[k½ Yksf[kdk us fe;kWa ulh:n~nhu dks ukukckb;ksa dk elhgk dgk] vki mlls dgkW
rd lger gSa \
¼x½ /kujke eksgu dks viuk Áfr}Unh D;ksa ugh le>rk Fkk\
iz-13 ¼?k½ ^tkequ dk isM+* ds vk/kkj ij ljdkjh deZpkfj;ksa dh dk;Ziz.kkyh dk mYys[k 6
dhft,A
^forku* ikB~; iqLrd ds vk/kkj ij fdUgha rhu iz’uksa ds mRrj nhft,&

Please Visit www.ncerthelp.com For Video lectures of all subjects Class 9 to 12


Visit www.ncerthelp.com For All NCERT solutions,
CBSE sample papers, Question papers, Notes for Class 6 to 12

¼d½ pstkjsk ds lkFk xkWao lekt ds O;ogkj esa igys dh rqyuk esa vkt D;k QdZ
vk;k gS] ikB ds vk/kkj ij crkb, \
¼[k½ “kkL=h; laxhr vkSj fp=iV laxhr ds rhu vUrj crkb,A
¼x½ Hkwfe ds vanj Hkh"k.k xehZZ esa pstkjks ds fy, rkth gok dk Áca/k dSls fd;k
tkrk gS\
¼?k½ rkrq'k ysf[kdk dks ns[kdj izlUu D;ksa gks mBrs Fks\
fuEufyf[kr esa ls fdlh ,d izu dk mRrj nhft,&
¼d½ jktLFkku esa dqabZ fdls dgrs gSa\ bldh xgjkbZ vkSj O;kl rFkk lkekU; dqvksa
dh xgjkbZ vkSj O;kl esa D;k varj gksrk gS\
¼[k½ ^^vkyks vka/kkfj** uked ikB ls tulkekU; ds fy, D;k lans'k laizsf'kr fd;k
x;k gS\
uksV%& 10 vadksa ds ekSf[kd ijh{k.k dk vk;kstu fo’k;k/;kid Lo;a djsaxsA

*****lekIr*****

Please Visit www.ncerthelp.com For Video lectures of all subjects Class 9 to 12

You might also like