Statistics Coursework

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the course

MCC 202 STATISTICS WITH LABORATORY

for the degree Master of Science in Nursing – Adult Health

Submitted to:

Jesus P. Pizarro, DPA

SPUP Graduate School Faculty

Submitted by:
Edward P. De Mesa
Name
SPUP MSN 2019 Student
 1st Trimester 2019

Problem 1

Weight of Anorexic Girls

1) Are the weights of Anorexic girls normal before and after receiving the cognitive-
behavioral therapy intervention using:

a. Normality test:
i. null hypothesis of this test for this test of normality is that the data are
normally distributed. The null hypothesis is rejected if the p-value is below
0.05.
ii. the Shapiro-Wilk table below shows that:
1. BeforeTheraphy, p-value=0.558 > 0.05
2. AfterTheraphy, p-value=0.206 > 0.05
iii. Therefore, we keep the null hypothesis. In terms of Shapiro-Wilk test, we
can assume that our data are approximately normally distributed

Tests of Normality

Kolmogorov-Smirnova Shapiro-Wilk

Statistic df Sig. Statistic df Sig.

BeforeTherapy .131 29 .200* .970 29 .558

AfterTherapy .160 29 .056 .952 29 .206

*. This is a lower bound of the true significance.

a. Lilliefors Significance Correction

b. Box Plot- beforeTherapy and afterTherapy box plots are symmetrical.

2. YES

Paired Samples Test

Paired Differences

Std. 95% Confidence Interval

Std. Error of the Difference Sig. (2-

Mean Deviation Mean Lower Upper t df tailed)

Pair 1 BeforeTherapy
-3.00690 7.30850 1.35716 -5.78690 -.22689 -2.216 28 .035
- AfterTherapy

3. using the Paired T-Test to analyze, p-value = 0.035 < 0.05, which means there are
statistically significantly difference in the girl’s weight before and after receiving the
intervention. Therefore, we conclude that the cognitive-behavioral therapy intervention
is effective.

Problem 2

Alcohol and infant Malforamtion

Answer:
On the cross tabulation below, the number of malformation (absent sex organ) is higher
than with the number of no malformation (present sex organ). The null hypothesis in this
example is that during maternal drinking, the presence or absence of congenital
malformation is equal to each other.

Based on the Chi-Square Test, the null hypothesis is rejected with Pearson value of
12.082 and

p=0.017<0.05 which we can therefore conclude that maternal drinking is significantly

related to congenital malformation.
 AveDrinksPerDay * Malformation Crosstabulation

Malformation

Absent Present Total

AveDrinksPerDay 0 Count 17066 48 17114

Expected Count 17065.1 48.9 17114.0

% within AveDrinksPerDay 99.7% 0.3% 100.0%

<1 Count 14464 38 14502

Expected Count 14460.6 41.4 14502.0

% within AveDrinksPerDay 99.7% 0.3% 100.0%

1-2 Count 788 5 793

Expected Count 790.7 2.3 793.0

% within AveDrinksPerDay 99.4% 0.6% 100.0%

3-5 Count 126 1 127

Expected Count 126.6 .4 127.0

% within AveDrinksPerDay 99.2% 0.8% 100.0%

≥6 Count 37 1 38

Expected Count 37.9 .1 38.0

% within AveDrinksPerDay 97.4% 2.6% 100.0%

Total Count 32481 93 32574

Expected Count 32481.0 93.0 32574.0

% within AveDrinksPerDay 99.7% 0.3% 100.0%

Chi-Square Tests

Asymp. Sig. (2-

Value df sided)

Pearson Chi-Square 12.082a 4 .017

Likelihood Ratio 6.202 4 .185
N of Valid Cases 32574

a. 3 cells (30.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum

expected count is .11.
Problem 3

Drug treatment by Psychiatric Patient Type

Answer:
On the cross tabulation below, most of patients are prescribed with drugs. The null
hypothesis in this example is that the drug prescription is not associated with the
diagnosis.

Based on the Chi-Square Test, the null hypothesis is rejected with Pearson value of
84.188 and

p=.000000000000000023<0.05 which we can therefore conclude that diagnosis is

significantly associated with drug treatment

PatientType * DrugTreatment Crosstabulation

DrugTreatment

Drugs NoDrugs Total

PatientType Schizophrenia Count 105 8 113

Expected Count 74.5 38.5 113.0

% within PatientType 92.9% 7.1% 100.0%

Affective Disorder Count 12 2 14

Expected Count 9.2 4.8 14.0

% within PatientType 85.7% 14.3% 100.0%

Neurosis Count 18 19 37

Expected Count 24.4 12.6 37.0

% within PatientType 48.6% 51.4% 100.0%

Personal Disorder Count 47 52 99

Expected Count 65.3 33.7 99.0

% within PatientType 47.5% 52.5% 100.0%

Special Symptoms Count 0 13 13

Expected Count 8.6 4.4 13.0

% within PatientType 0.0% 100.0% 100.0%

Total Count 182 94 276

Expected Count 182.0 94.0 276.0

% within PatientType 65.9% 34.1% 100.0%

 Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)

Pearson Chi-Square 84.188a 4 .000000000000000023

Likelihood Ratio 96.537 4 .000000000000000000
Linear-by-Linear Association 76.665 1 .000000000000000002
N of Valid Cases 276

a. 2 cells (20.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 4.43.

Problem 4

Cortisol Levels in Psychotics

*no question indicated in the paper*

**assumed question – Is there any significant difference between five groups in average
cortisol level?

Answer:
Yes, there is a significant difference between the five groups in average cortisol level.
Based on the ANOVA the p-value=0.000000000014 < 0.05, which means there is a
significant difference between five groups and based on the multiple comparison table,
data that have asterisk indicates where the significant difference is.

ANOVA
CortisolLevel

Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.

Between Groups 1419.026 4 354.756 22.008 .000000000014

Within Groups 1063.881 66 16.119
Total 2482.906 70
Post Hoc Tests

Multiple Comparisons
Dependent Variable: CortisolLevel
Tukey HSD

Mean Difference 95% Confidence Interval

(I) Psychotics (J) Psychotics (I-J) Std. Error Sig. Lower Bound Upper Bound

Control MajorDepression -11.1290* 1.2928 .000 -14.755 -7.503

BipolarDepression .2460 1.5921 1.000 -4.219 4.711

Schizophrenia .2138 1.2928 1.000 -3.412 3.840

Atypical .2460 2.1330 1.000 -5.736 6.228

MajorDepression Control 11.1290* 1.2928 .000 7.503 14.755
BipolarDepression 11.3750* 1.7794 .000 6.384 16.366
Schizophrenia 11.3429* 1.5175 .000 7.087 15.599
Atypical 11.3750* 2.2762 .000 4.991 17.759
BipolarDepression Control -.2460 1.5921 1.000 -4.711 4.219
MajorDepression -11.3750* 1.7794 .000 -16.366 -6.384
Schizophrenia -.0321 1.7794 1.000 -5.023 4.958
Atypical .0000 2.4586 1.000 -6.895 6.895
Schizophrenia Control -.2138 1.2928 1.000 -3.840 3.412
MajorDepression -11.3429* 1.5175 .000 -15.599 -7.087
BipolarDepression .0321 1.7794 1.000 -4.958 5.023
Atypical .0321 2.2762 1.000 -6.352 6.416
Atypical Control -.2460 2.1330 1.000 -6.228 5.736

MajorDepression -11.3750* 2.2762 .000 -17.759 -4.991

BipolarDepression .0000 2.4586 1.000 -6.895 6.895

Schizophrenia -.0321 2.2762 1.000 -6.416 6.352

*. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level.